CN112716532A - Expiratory aerosol collecting and detecting device and method - Google Patents
Expiratory aerosol collecting and detecting device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112716532A CN112716532A CN202011578492.4A CN202011578492A CN112716532A CN 112716532 A CN112716532 A CN 112716532A CN 202011578492 A CN202011578492 A CN 202011578492A CN 112716532 A CN112716532 A CN 112716532A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种呼气气溶胶采集检测装置及其检测方法。该装置包括壳体、呼气接口和撞击式切割器。所述壳体包括上端开口的外壳和螺纹连接在外壳上端开口处的旋盖。所述呼气接口安装在外壳外侧壁上段且与外壳内腔相连通。所述撞击式切割器包括嵌入设置在呼气接口内的若干切割器加速喷嘴和安装在旋盖底部且伸入至外壳内腔中下段的切割器撞击板。所述旋盖底部还安装有伸入至外壳内腔底部的挡板；所述挡板位于切割器撞击板的内侧。由以上技术方案可知，本发明能够实现呼出气中气溶胶颗粒的便捷、高效收集以及快速现场检测，为呼吸系统相关疾病的现场样品收集和后续诊断提供条件。
The invention relates to an exhaled aerosol collection and detection device and a detection method thereof. The device includes a housing, an exhalation port, and an impact cutter. The casing comprises a casing with an upper end opening and a screw cap screwed on the upper end opening of the casing. The exhalation interface is installed on the upper section of the outer side wall of the casing and communicated with the inner cavity of the casing. The impact cutter includes a plurality of cutter acceleration nozzles embedded in the exhalation port and a cutter impact plate installed at the bottom of the screw cap and extending into the lower section of the inner cavity of the housing. A baffle plate extending into the bottom of the inner cavity of the casing is also installed on the bottom of the screw cap; the baffle plate is located on the inner side of the impact plate of the cutter. As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention can realize convenient and efficient collection and rapid on-site detection of aerosol particles in exhaled breath, and provide conditions for on-site sample collection and subsequent diagnosis of respiratory system-related diseases.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of expiratory diagnosis and medical auxiliary instruments, in particular to an expiratory aerosol acquisition and detection device and a detection method thereof.
Background
In recent years, particularly since the emergence of new coronavirus epidemic, collection and detection of exhaled breath aerosol are increasingly gaining attention in aspects of exhaled breath virus collection, biomarker detection, disease diagnosis and the like. Taking new coronavirus as an example, the most common detection methods at present are mainly two types: pharyngeal swab-kit assay and CT assay. CT detection needs a large-scale high-precision analysis instrument, has insufficient sensitivity to initial patients, has the problem of radiation safety, and is not suitable for large-scale popularization and use in disease primary screening. The pharyngeal swab-kit detection method does not need expensive detection equipment, has low cost and is a widely adopted technology for detecting the biomarker at present. However, the sampling scheme such as throat swab needs to extend the sampling rod into the oral and nasal mucosa, which is likely to cause nausea, discomfort, phlegm and even vomiting of the tested person, so that the sampling scheme has certain limitations. In addition, the new coronavirus has strong viscosity to alveolar cells, mainly gathers in lung to reproduce, and is rarely seen in throat. In addition, because saliva and the like have certain killing and digesting effects on the bacteria, the throat swab sampling scheme still faces certain difficulties. And the lung atmosphere is directly exhaled and collected through modes of active cough, exhalation and the like, so that the noninvasive and rapid on-site detection is realized.
Compared with the traditional method, the expiration detection mode has the unique advantages of simplicity and non-invasiveness. Breath detection mainly involves exhaled aerosol and other gas component detection. Among them, the virus detection aspect mainly relies on exhaled breath sol collection and detection. Chinese patent 201280022314.0 discloses a portable sampling device and method for sampling drug substances from exhaled air, chinese patent 201810134395.2 discloses a buccal respiratory tract droplet collection device and method of use, both of these two existing exhaled aerosol collection methods have the problem of relatively complex operation, and the collection mode adopts an enrichment membrane, most of the sampled aerosol exists in the enrichment membrane fiber, and can be used for detection and analysis after secondary sampling, which affects the accuracy and detection efficiency of the detection result, and has certain limitation on field application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an expiratory aerosol collecting and detecting device and a detecting method thereof, which can solve the defects in the prior art and carry out efficient and accurate field detection on the expiratory aerosol.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an expiratory aerosol acquisition and detection device comprises a shell, an expiratory interface and an impact cutter; the shell comprises a shell with an upper end opening and a spiral cover in threaded connection with the opening at the upper end of the shell. The expiration interface is installed at the upper section of the outer side wall of the shell and is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell. The impact type cutter comprises a plurality of cutter accelerating nozzles embedded in the expiration interface and a cutter impact plate which is arranged at the bottom of the screw cap and extends into the middle lower section of the inner cavity of the shell. The bottom of the spiral cover is also provided with a baffle plate extending into the bottom of the inner cavity of the shell; the baffle is located inside the cutter impingement plate.
Further, an air outlet channel I is formed in the spiral cover; the shell is provided with a second air outlet channel; the first air outlet channel is arranged on the spiral cover between the cutter impact plate and the baffle plate.
Further, the lower end of the cutter impact plate is positioned below the joint of the expiration interface and the shell.
Furthermore, the exhalation interface comprises a horn-shaped exhalation port and a connecting port connected with one end of the horn-shaped exhalation port with a small opening; the inner cavity of the expiration interface is an air inlet channel, and the cutter accelerating nozzles are arranged in the air inlet channel in the connecting port.
Furthermore, the inlet of the cutter accelerating nozzle is in a funnel shape with a large outer part and a small inner part, and the caliber of one section at the rear end of the nozzle is kept unchanged.
Further, the cutter impact plate is made of a hydrophobic material; the shell is made of transparent materials; the baffle is made of elastic materials.
Further, the baffle and the cutter impact plate are both annular; the area enclosed by the inner side of the baffle, the bottom of the screw cover and the inner wall of the bottom of the shell is a temporary reaction liquid storage area; the area enclosed by the inner wall of the shell below the cutter impact plate and the outer wall of the baffle is a collecting area; when the screw cap is screwed, the bottom of the baffle is tightly matched with the bottom of the shell, and the temporary reaction liquid storage area is separated from the collection area; when the screw cap is unscrewed or the screw cap is unscrewed from the shell, the reaction liquid temporary storage area is communicated with the collection area.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a condensation pipe sleeve and a heat-preservation outer sleeve; the condensation sleeve is sleeved outside the shell below the expiration interface; the heat preservation outer sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the condensation sleeve. Besides the expiratory aerosol, the collection of the expiratory condensation gas is also an important means for detecting related diseases of the respiratory system, and the device can realize the simultaneous collection of the expiratory aerosol and the expiratory condensation gas by combining the design of a condensation structure.
The invention also relates to a detection method of the expiratory aerosol acquisition and detection device, which comprises the following steps:
(21) screwing down the screw cap to make the bottom of the baffle plate and the bottom of the shell closely fit, and the temporary reaction liquid storage area is not communicated with the collecting area.
(22) And injecting the reaction liquid or the detection liquid into the reaction liquid temporary storage area.
(22) The person to be detected holds the expiration interface with the mouth, and the expiration aerosol flows out from the oral cavity through expiration or active cough and flows into the air inlet channel in the expiration interface along with the air flow.
(23) The airflow containing the expiratory aerosol enters each cutter accelerating nozzle and is accelerated by the cutter accelerating nozzles, wherein aerosol particles with the particle size larger than the segmentation particle size collide against the cutter impact plate and are enriched on the surface of the cutter impact plate, and the aerosol particles with the particle size not larger than the segmentation particle size continuously flow along with the airflow and are discharged from the air outlet channel I and the air outlet channel II.
(24) Aerosol particles that are concentrated on the surface of the cutter impact plate accumulate and flow down the cutter impact plate into the collection region under the force of gravity.
(25) Unscrewing the screw cap or unscrewing the screw cap from the shell to enable the collecting region to be communicated with the reaction liquid temporary storage region, mixing the aerosol particles in the collecting region with the reaction liquid or the detection liquid in the reaction liquid temporary storage region to react, observing the reaction result in the shell, and finishing detection and judgment of the biomarker in the exhaled aerosol.
According to the technical scheme, the expiratory aerosol collection device is designed through an aerodynamic structure, the expiratory aerosol with the particle size larger than a certain particle size in the expiratory air is efficiently collected by adopting the impact type cutter, meanwhile, the self-locking structure of the rotary cover, the baffle and the shell is combined, the reaction liquid or the detection liquid is stored in the temporary storage area of the reaction liquid before collection, the reaction liquid and the collected aerosol are rapidly mixed when collection is completed, and rapid detection of the biomarkers in the expiratory aerosol is carried out. The invention can realize convenient, efficient and rapid on-site collection and detection of aerosol particles in exhaled breath, and provides conditions for on-site sample collection and subsequent diagnosis of respiratory system related diseases.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an expiratory aerosol collection and detection device in the invention (not including a condensation sleeve and a thermal insulation sleeve);
FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the breath aerosol collection and detection device of the present invention (not including the condensation sleeve and the thermal insulation sleeve);
FIG. 3 is a top view of the breath aerosol collection and detection device of the present invention (not including the condensation sleeve and the thermal insulation sleeve);
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the breath aerosol collection and detection device according to the present invention (including a condensation sleeve and a thermal insulation sleeve);
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the accelerating nozzle of the cutter of the present invention taken along the X-axis;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the accelerating nozzle of the cutter in the Y-axis direction according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a result of a collection efficiency test for collectors of different configurations;
figure 8 is the results of the collection efficiency test at different expiratory flow rates.
Wherein:
1. expiration interface, 2, cutterbar accelerating nozzle, 3, cutterbar striking plate, 4, shell, 5, baffle, 6, collecting region, 7, reaction liquid temporary storage area, 8, spiral cover, 9, inlet channel, 10a, outlet channel one, 10b, outlet channel two, 11, check valve, 12, condensation sleeve, 13, heat preservation overcoat.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
an expiratory aerosol collection and detection device as shown in fig. 1-3 comprises a shell, an expiratory interface 1 and a percussion cutter. The shell comprises a shell 4 with an opening at the upper end and a screw cap 8 which is connected with the opening at the upper end of the shell 4 in a threaded manner. The expiration interface 1 is installed on the upper section of the outer side wall of the shell 4 and communicated with the inner cavity of the shell 4. The bottom of the shell 1 is a round bottom, so that the baffle and the shell can be conveniently compressed to form a closed space. Aiming at the conditions that the traditional expiratory aerosol adopts a filter membrane acquisition mode and has a complex structure and is troublesome to detect after acquisition, the invention adopts a plurality of cutter accelerating nozzles to divide the expiratory airflow into a plurality of channels for transmission and cutting, can selectively collect the expiratory aerosol with larger particle size, realizes the quick acquisition of the expiratory aerosol by converging a cutter impact plate made of hydrophobic materials, and simultaneously combines a reaction liquid self-locking storage structure to realize the current acquisition and the current detection so as to keep the bioactivity and the detection accuracy to the maximum extent.
The impact type cutter comprises a plurality of cutter accelerating nozzles 2 which are embedded and arranged in an expiration interface 1 and are uniformly distributed, and a cutter impact plate 3 which is arranged at the bottom of a screw cap 8 and extends into the middle lower section of the inner cavity of the shell. The cutter acceleration nozzle 2 and the exhalation port 1 are integrally formed and are mounted to the housing of the collector by means of screws. The optimum interval for the size of the cutter acceleration nozzle 2 depends on the preferred collection particle size range and the number of cutter acceleration nozzles 2 depends on the relation between the total flow rate and the nozzle size. And a baffle 5 extending into the bottom of the inner cavity of the shell is further arranged at the bottom of the spiral cover 8. The baffle 5 is located inside the cutter impact plate 3. The accelerating nozzles 2 of the plurality of cutters form a plurality of channels, so that the expiratory aerosol can be quickly enriched in an easily separated collecting area, and the particle size selection of the collected aerosol is realized. The exhaled aerosol has complex components, the ratio of virus and bacteria nucleated bioactive substance components contained in aerosols with different particle sizes is different, and the collection of the exhaled aerosol particle sizes by active selection can improve the pertinence of collection, analysis and detection.
Aerosol refers to a dispersion of solid or liquid particles suspended in a gaseous medium. The impact cutter is a device for realizing the filtration and interception of aerosol particles with a particle size range larger than a certain range by accelerating airflow in a tiny channel and impacting a baffle plate. The cutter acceleration nozzle and the cutter impingement plate constitute an impingement cutter. Aerosols smaller than a certain particle size cannot be captured by the cutter and pass through the cutter with the airflow, while aerosols larger than a certain particle size cannot pass through the cutter. The particle diameter at efficiency speed, class η of the fractional efficiency, is denoted by D50, which is a concise representation of the cutter efficiency.
According to the invention, the impact cutter is adopted to sample the expiratory aerosol, the acquisition particle size under a certain expiratory flow speed can be controlled, and meanwhile, the aerosol acquisition efficiency in the acquisition particle size range is high, and the subsequent detection is easy. The expired air of the person to be detected reaches the cutter accelerating nozzle from the expiration interface, is sprayed out from the cutter accelerating nozzle after the cutter accelerating nozzle accelerates, and is emitted to the cutter impact plate in front, and after the cutter impact plate is impacted, the air flow is changed by 90 degrees sharply. At the moment, aerosol particles in the airflow begin to be separated, large particles collide with the impact plate to lose kinetic energy, and are separated from the airflow and enriched on the impact plate; the small particles are different and are more easily influenced by the airflow force and flow along with the airflow. When the device is used, the cutting particle size can be controlled under the condition of different flow rates by adjusting the gap between the accelerating nozzle of the cutter and the impact plate of the cutter. Take old man and child as an example, under the lower condition of exhaling, through adjusting the cutterbar and accelerating nozzle and cutterbar striking plate clearance, the compensation velocity of flow reduces the influence to small-particle size expiratory aerosol collection efficiency to the realization is to the complete collection of target particle size expiratory aerosol. The gap between the nozzle and the cutter impact plate is adjusted in a small range, and the deviation compensation of the cutting particle size is carried out by adopting a method of adjusting air resistance and fluid Reynolds number.
The separation efficiency of the impingement cutter satisfies the following equation:
the cut particle size D50 is the collection efficiency η, which is the diameter of the particles in the collection efficiency and is a concise representation of the collection efficiency of the impingement cutter. StkIs the Stokes number, Q is the gas flow rate, C is the slip coefficient, ρpFor aerosol density, λ is the mean free path of the gas and W is the diameter of the cutter acceleration nozzle.
Further, an air outlet channel I10 a is formed in the spiral cover 8; an air outlet channel II 10b is formed in the shell 4; the first air outlet channel 10a is arranged on the spiral cover 8 between the cutter impact plate 3 and the baffle plate 5.
Further, the lower end of the cutter striking plate 3 is located below the junction of the exhalation port 1 and the housing 4.
Further, the exhalation interface 1 comprises a horn-shaped exhalation port and a connection port connected with one end of the horn-shaped exhalation port with a small opening. The periphery of the trumpet-shaped exhalation port is a cambered surface, so that the trumpet-shaped exhalation port is convenient to hold in the mouth. The inner cavity of the exhalation interface 1 is an air inlet channel 9, and the cutter accelerating nozzles 2 are arranged in the air inlet channel 9 in the connecting port.
Furthermore, the entrance of the cutter accelerating nozzle 2 is funnel-shaped with a large outside and a small inside, and the caliber is kept unchanged at one section of the rear end of the nozzle, so that the airflow channel is gradually changed from large to small, the stability of the airflow velocity and the flow field can be kept as much as possible, the airflow is in a laminar flow state, turbulence is not easily generated, the gas in the channel collides with the cutter impact plate at the uniform velocity, the cutter particle size distinguishing effect is more obvious, and the cutter screening particle size efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the cutter impact plate 3 is made of a hydrophobic material, so that aerosol particles enriched on the cutter impact plate 3 can flow downwards under the action of gravity. The shell 4 is made of transparent materials, so that the change of the temporary reaction liquid storage area 7 and the change of the collection area 6 in the shell 4 can be observed conveniently. Baffle 5 adopts elastic material, and the bottom of baffle 5 is the bevel connection, and the design can be when the spiral cover of screwing like this, and the bevel connection in bottom of baffle closely cooperates with the shell, plays the effect of keeping apart collecting region and reaction liquid temporary storage area. And the bottom of the baffle 5 is an inclined plane. Through matching the sizes of the baffle and the shell and adopting the elastic material to manufacture the baffle 5 with the bottom being an inclined plane, when the screw cap 8 is screwed down, the bottom of the baffle 5 is tightly matched with the inner side of the bottom of the shell 4, namely, the temporary reaction liquid storage area 7 and the collection area 6 are isolated and not communicated under the action of pressure. Through adjusting the depth of connecting thread between spiral cover and the shell, can adjust the sealing pressure between baffle and the shell.
Further, the baffle and the cutter impact plate 3 are both annular; the area enclosed by the inner side of the baffle 5, the bottom of the spiral cover 8 and the inner wall of the bottom of the shell 4 is a temporary reaction liquid storage area 7; the area enclosed by the inner wall of the shell 4 below the cutter impact plate 3 and the outer wall of the baffle 5 is a collecting area 6. The screw cap, the baffle and the shell form a self-locking structure, when the screw cap 8 is screwed down, the bottom of the baffle 5 is tightly matched with the bottom of the shell 4, and the temporary reaction liquid storage area 7 is separated from the collection area 6; the reaction liquid temporary storage area 7 is communicated with the collection area 6 after the screw cap 8 is unscrewed or the screw cap 8 is unscrewed from the shell 4. The design can be carried out the collection of exhaling aerosol earlier like this, then twist after gathering the completion and move the mixed reaction that exhaling aerosol and reaction liquid can carry out, has realized the on-the-spot collection and has detected, has kept the activity of gathering the material, has improved the accuracy of collection efficiency and collection result. The invention integrates the acquisition and detection functions together, realizes the uninterrupted completion of acquisition and detection, and has faster sampling and more visual detection. The spray collected in the collecting area and the reaction liquid are mixed and react, and certain timeliness is achieved. Taking the color reaction as an example, if the collection area and the temporary reaction liquid storage area are not divided, in the droplet collection process, the droplets continuously react with the reaction liquid, and thus the droplets are in a low color state, which causes the problem of difficult observation. And through the mode of mixing after isolating earlier, make collecting fluid and reaction liquid rapid mixing in the short time, react in short time, can improve the effect of color reaction greatly, be convenient for observe.
Further, the device also comprises a one-way valve 11, and the one-way valve 11 ensures the flowing direction of the gas so that the gas cannot flow reversely. The one-way valve 11 may be provided on the exhalation port or on the air outlet.
As shown in fig. 4, the apparatus further includes a condensation sleeve 12 and a thermal insulation sleeve 13. The condensation sleeve is made of metal with high specific heat capacity, such as lead, and is used after being cooled by a refrigerator, and low temperature can be obtained through a Peltier thermal semiconductor refrigeration device, so that the expiratory condensation gas and the expiratory aerosol can be collected at the same time. The gas components in the expiration are also important detection objects, and an external condensation sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the middle-lower section of the shell to realize the function of collecting the gas components in the expiration. The condensing sleeve is closely attached to the collector shell. The main function of the condensing sleeve is to refrigerate and condense the water vapor in the collector. In order to facilitate hand holding and keep low temperature, the outer layer of the condensation sleeve is provided with a heat insulation layer.
The invention also relates to a detection method of the expiratory aerosol acquisition and detection device, which comprises the following steps:
(21) the screw cap 8 is screwed down to ensure that the bottom of the baffle 5 is tightly matched with the bottom of the shell 4, and the temporary reaction liquid storage area 7 is not communicated with the collection area 6.
(22) The reaction liquid or the detection liquid is injected into the reaction liquid temporary storage region 7. When the reaction liquid is injected into the reaction liquid temporary storage area, the collector is inverted firstly, the screw cap is opened, the reaction liquid is injected into the shell, the screw cap and the shell are screwed down after the reaction liquid is added, so that the reaction liquid temporary storage area is separated from the collection area, and then the whole body is restored to be placed in the forward direction.
(22) The person to be tested holds the exhalation interface 1 with the mouth, and exhales or actively coughs to enable the exhaled aerosol to flow out of the oral cavity and flow into the air inlet channel 9 in the exhalation interface 1 along with the air flow.
(23) The gas flow containing the expiratory aerosol enters each cutter accelerating nozzle 2, and is accelerated by the cutter accelerating nozzles 2, wherein aerosol particles with the particle size larger than the cut particle size D50 collide against the cutter impact plate 3 and are enriched on the surface of the cutter impact plate 3. The aerosol particles with the particle size not larger than the cut particle size continuously flow along with the airflow and flow downwards in the channel between the inner side wall of the shell and the outer side wall of the cutter impact plate, at the moment, a part of gas is discharged from the second gas outlet channel 10b formed in the side wall of the shell, and the rest of gas flows from the gap between the cutter impact plate and the round bottom of the shell to the area between the inner side wall of the cutter impact plate and the outer side wall of the baffle plate to flow upwards and is discharged from the first gas outlet channel 10 a.
(24) Aerosol particles that have accumulated on the surface of the cutter impact plate 3 flow by gravity down the cutter impact plate 3 into the collection zone 6.
(25) Unscrewing the screw cap 8 or unscrewing the screw cap 8 from the shell 4 to enable the collecting region 6 to be communicated with the reaction liquid temporary storage region 7, mixing the aerosol particles in the collecting region 6 with the reaction liquid or the detection liquid in the reaction liquid temporary storage region 7 to react to generate a color reaction, observing a reaction result in the shell 4 through the transparent shell 4, and finishing detection and judgment of the biomarker in the exhaled aerosol.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the design principle of the present invention is:
when the expiratory aerosol collecting device is designed, the method for determining the collected particle size at a certain expiratory flow speed can be realized by accelerating the aperture of the nozzle through the cutter. When the expiratory aerosol collecting device is used, the acquisition particle size matching under different flow rates can be realized by adjusting the gap between the accelerating nozzle hole of the cutter and the impact plate of the cutter.
The aerosol in a specific particle size range is efficiently collected by the design of structural parameters such as the aperture of the cutter accelerating nozzle and the gap between the cutter accelerating nozzle and a cutter impact plate.
The theory of collision is based on a so-called Stokes constant StkTo characterize the behavior of the particles in the curved streamline. Stokes constant StkSatisfies the following conditions:
where ρ ispIs the expiratory aerosol density, dpIs the particle size of the expiratory aerosol, CcThe coning slip correction factor, W the cutter accelerating nozzle aperture, q the cutter accelerating nozzle flow rate.
The flow velocity at the cutter acceleration nozzle satisfies the following relationship:
wherein Q is the total expiratory flow rate and N is the number of cutter acceleration nozzles. Accordingly, the 50% cut particle size can be calculated using the following formula:
according to the measurement, a single nozzle cannot meet the requirements among flow rate, air resistance and cutting particle size at the same time, the optimization interval of the aperture W of the cutter accelerating nozzle depends on the optimal collection particle size range, and the number N of nozzles depends on the relation between the total flow rate and the size of the nozzles.
The collection efficiency of the impact cutter for different particle size exhaled aerosols was evaluated by the collection efficiency E (%).
Wherein N isinAnd NoutRespectively, the number concentration of exhaled aerosol at the inlet and not collected by the installed plate.
In addition, to obtain a steep cutting efficiency curve, the Reynolds number R of the fluid is also considered when designing the impingement cuttere. At reynolds numbers between 500 and 3000, it is easier to obtain a steep impact cutting curve, i.e. better particle size screening characteristics.
The cutter accelerating nozzle and the cutter impact plate gap are adjusted during use to realize accurate adaptation to the exhalation speed conditions of users of different ages. Aiming at the characteristics of different expiratory flow rates of users with different ages and lung capacities and the characteristic that the aperture of the accelerating nozzle of the cutter is not easy to adjust online, the deviation compensation of the cutting particle size can be carried out by adjusting the air resistance and the Reynolds number of the fluid in a mode of adjusting the gap between the nozzle and the impact plate of the cutter.
The efficiency of the sampling detection device is tested and actually measured for trial through experiments, the sampling PTI arizona dust generator is tested for efficiency to generate polydisperse aerosol particles, and after the concentration of the aerosol environment experiment bin is stabilized, direct-connected concentration data passing through the sampling detection device and not passing through the sampling detection device are compared and tested through an APS 3321-aerodynamic particle size spectrometer to calculate the collection efficiency. The results of the tests shown in FIG. 7 are obtained by performing the tests of different particle size capturing efficiencies at an exhaled air flow rate of 6L/min using three sample detectors of 0.9mm multi-hole (cutter nozzle diameter of 0.9mm), 0.6mm multi-hole (cutter nozzle diameter of 0.6mm) and 0.9mm slit. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the collection effect of the 0.9mm porous and 0.6mm porous cutting is better: the multi-hole and 0.6mm multi-hole sampling detection device of 0.9mm is all more than 40% to 3um aerosol collection efficiency, and 2um aerosol collection efficiency is more than 30%, and 1um aerosol collection efficiency is between 10% ~ 20%. The results are consistent with the overall trend of theoretical calculation results, and the actually measured collected cutting characteristics are smoother than the theoretical calculation.
For the possible difference of the exhalation speeds of different people, the invention takes the 0.9mm porous sample with better test result as an example, and the results of testing the cutting and collecting efficiency of the collecting and detecting device under different airflow speeds are shown in fig. 8. When the air flow speed is 3L/min, the collection efficiency of the expiratory aerosol with the grain diameter of 3um and 2um is respectively 79 percent and 78 percent when 6L/min, and the collection efficiency is both more than 70 percent of 6L/min, therefore, the sampling effect of the crowd with lower expiratory speed can be better ensured.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an expiration aerosol collection testing arrangement which characterized in that: comprises a shell, an expiration interface and a percussion type cutter; the shell comprises a shell with an opening at the upper end and a rotary cover in threaded connection with the opening at the upper end of the shell; the expiration interface is arranged on the upper section of the outer side wall of the shell and is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell; the impact type cutter comprises a plurality of cutter accelerating nozzles embedded in the expiration interface and a cutter impact plate which is arranged at the bottom of the screw cap and extends into the middle lower section of the inner cavity of the shell; the bottom of the spiral cover is also provided with a baffle plate extending into the bottom of the inner cavity of the shell; the baffle is located inside the cutter impingement plate.
2. An expiratory aerosol collection test device according to claim 1, wherein: the spiral cover is provided with a first air outlet channel; the shell is provided with a second air outlet channel; the first air outlet channel is arranged on the spiral cover between the cutter impact plate and the baffle plate.
3. An expiratory aerosol collection test device according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the cutter impact plate is positioned below the joint of the expiration interface and the shell.
4. An expiratory aerosol collection test device according to claim 1, wherein: the exhalation interface comprises a horn-shaped exhalation port and a connection port connected with one end of the horn-shaped exhalation port with a small opening; the inner cavity of the expiration interface is an air inlet channel, and the plurality of impact type cutter accelerating nozzles are arranged in the air inlet channel in the connecting port.
5. An expiratory aerosol collection test device according to claim 1, wherein: the inlet of the cutter accelerating nozzle is funnel-shaped with a large outside and a small inside, and the caliber of one section at the rear end of the nozzle is kept unchanged.
6. An expiratory aerosol collection test device according to claim 1, wherein: the cutter impact plate is made of a hydrophobic material; the shell is made of transparent materials; the baffle is made of elastic materials.
7. An expiratory aerosol collection test device according to claim 1, wherein: the baffle and the cutter impact plate are both annular; the area enclosed by the inner side of the baffle, the bottom of the screw cover and the inner wall of the bottom of the shell is a temporary reaction liquid storage area; the area enclosed by the inner wall of the shell below the cutter impact plate and the outer wall of the baffle is a collecting area; when the screw cap is screwed, the bottom of the baffle is tightly matched with the bottom of the shell, and the temporary reaction liquid storage area is separated from the collection area; when the screw cap is unscrewed or the screw cap is unscrewed from the shell, the reaction liquid temporary storage area is communicated with the collection area.
8. An expiratory aerosol collection test device according to claim 1, wherein: the condenser pipe also comprises a condenser pipe sleeve and a heat-preservation outer sleeve; the condensation sleeve is sleeved outside the shell below the expiration interface; the heat preservation outer sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the condensation sleeve.
9. The method for detecting an expiratory aerosol collection and detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(21) screwing down the screw cap to ensure that the bottom of the baffle plate is tightly matched with the bottom of the shell, and the temporary reaction liquid storage area is not communicated with the collection area;
(22) injecting reaction liquid or detection liquid into the temporary reaction liquid storage area;
(22) a person to be detected holds the expiration interface with the mouth, and the expiration aerosol flows out of the oral cavity through expiration or active cough and flows into an air inlet channel in the expiration interface along with air flow;
(23) the airflow containing the expiratory aerosol enters each cutter accelerating nozzle and is accelerated by the cutter accelerating nozzles, wherein aerosol particles with the particle size larger than the segmentation particle size collide against the cutter impact plate and are enriched on the surface of the cutter impact plate, and the aerosol particles with the particle size not larger than the segmentation particle size continuously flow along with the airflow and are discharged from the air outlet channel I and the air outlet channel II;
(24) aerosol particles enriched on the surface of the cutter impact plate flow downwards to the collecting region along the cutter impact plate under the action of gravity after accumulating;
(25) unscrewing the screw cap or unscrewing the screw cap from the shell to enable the collecting region to be communicated with the reaction liquid temporary storage region, mixing the aerosol particles in the collecting region with the reaction liquid or the detection liquid in the reaction liquid temporary storage region to react, observing the reaction result in the shell, and finishing detection and judgment of the biomarker in the exhaled aerosol.
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| WO2023041753A1 (en) * | 2021-09-20 | 2023-03-23 | Vosbio, Inc. | Devices, methods and kits for biological sample capture and processing |
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