CN112727953B - Combined type brake-by-wire system and control method - Google Patents
Combined type brake-by-wire system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112727953B CN112727953B CN202110134592.6A CN202110134592A CN112727953B CN 112727953 B CN112727953 B CN 112727953B CN 202110134592 A CN202110134592 A CN 202110134592A CN 112727953 B CN112727953 B CN 112727953B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
- F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
- F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
- F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
- B60T8/1755—Brake regulation specially adapted to control the stability of the vehicle, e.g. taking into account yaw rate or transverse acceleration in a curve
- B60T8/17554—Brake regulation specially adapted to control the stability of the vehicle, e.g. taking into account yaw rate or transverse acceleration in a curve specially adapted for enhancing stability around the vehicles longitudinal axle, i.e. roll-over prevention
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
- B60T8/176—Brake regulation specially adapted to prevent excessive wheel slip during vehicle deceleration, e.g. ABS
- B60T8/1761—Brake regulation specially adapted to prevent excessive wheel slip during vehicle deceleration, e.g. ABS responsive to wheel or brake dynamics, e.g. wheel slip, wheel acceleration or rate of change of brake fluid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
- F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
- F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
- F16D2121/20—Electric or magnetic using electromagnets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
- F16D2121/28—Electric or magnetic using electrostrictive or magnetostrictive elements, e.g. piezoelectric elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2123/00—Multiple operation forces
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a combined type brake-by-wire system and a control method, wherein the brake-by-wire system comprises a brake-by-wire device, a data acquisition unit and a controller which are in modular design; the line control brake device comprises a brake disc, a left friction plate, a right friction plate, a caliper assembly, a first electromagnetic coil assembly, a fixed support, a second electromagnetic coil assembly, a spring, a wedge column assembly, a magnetostrictive rod and a piston; the first electromagnetic coil assembly, the second electromagnetic coil assembly, the brake pedal sensor assembly, the wheel speed sensor, the vehicle speed sensor and the gyroscope are electrically connected with the controller; the invention adopts the electromagnetic attraction and the wedge type force increasing mechanism to quickly eliminate the brake clearance of the brake and establish the brake pressure, adopts the magnetostrictive actuator to quickly adjust the brake torque, prevents the vehicle from being locked and keeps the stability of the vehicle, has higher response frequency and control precision, can effectively shorten the brake distance and improve the driving safety of the vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile brakes, in particular to a combined type brake-by-wire system and a control method.
Background
The brake-by-wire technology is a novel brake technology appearing in recent years, a brake and a brake pedal do not depend on mechanical or hydraulic connection, a part of or all brake pipelines are replaced by electric wires, and an electric control element is operated by a controller to control the magnitude of braking force, so that the stable and reliable brake control of an automobile is realized. At present, the brake-by-wire system mainly comprises an electronic hydraulic brake system (EHB) and an electronic mechanical brake system (EMB). The brake-by-wire system is beneficial to optimizing the braking performance of the whole vehicle, and can be conveniently integrated with other electronic control systems such as ABS, ASR, ESP and the like, so that the system has wide development space. Especially as a brake system for an unmanned vehicle, is considered to be better by those skilled in the art.
An electronic mechanical brake system (EMB) drives a mechanical mechanism through a motor to realize a braking process, so that the structure of the brake system is greatly simplified, and the brake is easier to arrange, assemble and overhaul. The existing electromechanical braking system mostly adopts a braking motor and a speed reducing mechanism or a force increasing mechanism as power sources, so that the overall structure size is larger. In the braking process, the braking motor is always in a locked-rotor state, so that the requirement on the performance of the braking motor is high. In order to ensure enough braking torque, the main technical scheme adopted at present is a motor acceleration and deceleration mechanism, but the deceleration mechanism can cause slow braking response and increase the braking distance of a vehicle.
The electronic hydraulic brake system (EHB) is formed by transforming the traditional hydraulic brake system, the braking process is quicker and more stable, the braking safety and the comfort of an automobile are improved, but the electronic hydraulic brake system does not have all the advantages of a complete brake-by-wire system because a hydraulic component is reserved, and is generally regarded as an advanced product of an electronic mechanical brake system (EMB). The original hydraulic pipeline is reserved, and the technical problem of slow brake response caused by long hydraulic pipeline is still not solved. Meanwhile, the brake pipeline can be elastically deformed under the action of high-pressure brake oil, so that the pressure fluctuation of the brake oil in the brake pipeline is caused, and the accurate control of the vehicle brake is greatly influenced.
From the viewpoint of vehicle braking efficiency, it is more desirable that the vehicle has a shorter braking response time in a high-speed state, and further, the braking distance is shortened, and the driving safety is improved.
In summary, the brake-by-wire system needs to solve the following key problems: (1) the brake clearance is quickly eliminated, the brake response time is shortened, and the quick pressure build is realized; (2) the brake power system has high response frequency and control precision.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing brake-by-wire system, the invention provides the composite brake-by-wire system and the control method thereof, which can quickly eliminate the brake clearance of the brake and establish the brake pressure, have higher response frequency and control precision, effectively shorten the brake distance and improve the driving safety of the vehicle.
The invention is realized by the following technical measures:
a combined type brake-by-wire system comprises a brake-by-wire device, a data acquisition unit and a controller, wherein the brake-by-wire device is in a modular design; the number of the brake-by-wire devices is configured according to the number of wheels of the vehicle;
the brake-by-wire device comprises a brake disc, a left friction plate, a right friction plate, a caliper assembly, a first electromagnetic coil assembly, a fixed support, a second electromagnetic coil assembly, a spring, a wedge column assembly, a magnetostrictive rod and a piston; the first electromagnetic coil assembly and the magnetostrictive rod form a magnetostrictive actuator;
the left friction plate and the right friction plate are respectively installed in an adaptive groove on the caliper body through back steel sheets on the left friction plate and the right friction plate so as to carry out rotation limiting; the caliper assembly is fixedly arranged on the vehicle body;
the first electromagnetic coil assembly is sleeved on the cylinder body and is fixedly arranged on the caliper assembly through an electromagnetic support on the first electromagnetic coil assembly;
the fixed support is fixedly connected with the cylinder body; one end of the second electromagnetic coil assembly is connected with the fixed support through a bolt, and a spring is arranged between the other end of the second electromagnetic coil assembly and a sucker on the wedge column assembly;
the magnetostrictive rod and the piston are sleeved in the cylinder body, one end of the magnetostrictive rod is in contact with the back steel sheet surface on the right friction plate, the other end of the magnetostrictive rod is in contact with the left end surface of the piston, and the wedge surface end of the wedge surface rod on the wedge column assembly is arranged in the wedge surface groove on the left end surface of the piston and is matched with the wedge surface; the wedge-surface rod is guided and supported through a notch on the wall surface of the tail end of the cylinder body;
the caliper assembly comprises a caliper body and a cylinder body; the caliper body is fixedly connected with the cylinder body; the left side wall and the right side wall of the caliper body are respectively provided with a notch matched with the back steel sheet on the left friction sheet and the right friction sheet in size for limiting the friction sheets in a rotating way; the wall surface of the tail end of the cylinder body is provided with a guide groove matched with the wedge surface rod in size;
the wedge column assembly comprises a sucking disc and a wedge surface rod; the sucking disc and the wedge surface rod are fixedly connected; the wedge-surface rod penetrates through the second electromagnetic coil assembly and is guided and supported through a notch in the wall surface of the tail end of the cylinder body;
one end of the piston is provided with a wedge surface notch matched with the wedge surface of the wedge surface rod;
the data acquisition unit comprises a brake pedal sensor assembly, a wheel speed sensor, a vehicle speed sensor and a gyroscope; the brake pedal sensor assembly comprises a pedal force sensor and an angle sensor; the brake pedal sensor assembly is arranged on a vehicle brake pedal; the wheel speed sensor is arranged on a wheel; the vehicle speed sensor and the gyroscope are arranged on the vehicle body;
the first electromagnetic coil assembly, the second electromagnetic coil assembly, the brake pedal sensor assembly, the wheel speed sensor, the vehicle speed sensor and the gyroscope are all electrically connected with the controller; the controller collects signals of the brake pedal sensor assembly, the wheel speed sensor, the vehicle speed sensor and the gyroscope in real time to judge the running state of the vehicle and the operation of a driver, and controls the working current of the first electromagnetic coil assembly and the second electromagnetic coil assembly according to a designed control method; when the vehicle brakes, the controller firstly controls the second electromagnetic coil assembly to work, eliminates the brake clearance and establishes the brake pressure; then controlling the working current of the first electromagnetic coil assembly, and controlling the extension length of the magnetostrictive rod by changing the strength of the magnetic field so as to change the braking pressure;
the control method of the compound brake-by-wire system comprises the following steps:
(1) the controller judges the emergency degree of braking according to the pedal force and the pedal angle signal transmitted by the brake pedal sensor assembly;
(2) the controller judges the braking condition of the vehicle and the locking degree of the wheels according to signals of the wheel speed sensor and the vehicle speed sensor; if the wheel is judged to be in the locking state, reducing the working current in the first electromagnetic coil assembly so as to reduce the braking force;
(3) the controller judges the mass center slip angle of the vehicle according to the signal of the gyroscope so as to judge the stable working condition of the vehicle; if the vehicle is judged to be in an unstable state, the controller generates a restoring moment by controlling the braking force difference value of the wheels on the left side and the right side of the vehicle so as to keep the vehicle in a stable state;
(4) when braking, the controller firstly controls the second electromagnetic coil assembly to work, the second electromagnetic coil assembly adsorbs the sucker to move, and then the wedge surface rod is pushed to move, the wedge surface rod pushes the piston to move left through the wedge surface on the wedge surface rod, and the piston pushes the magnetostrictive rod to move left to press the right friction plate, so that not only can the braking gap be quickly eliminated, but also the braking pressure can be established; the controller controls the working current of the first electromagnetic coil assembly, the strength of the magnetic field is changed by changing the working current of the first electromagnetic coil assembly, the extension length of the magnetostrictive rod is further controlled, and the accurate adjustment of the braking pressure of the right friction plate is realized; when braking is finished, the spring resets the sucker, and further resets other components.
Further, the vehicle speed sensor is a doppler radar.
Further, the spring is a diaphragm spring.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
a combined type brake-by-wire system and a control method thereof adopt an electromagnetic suction force and a wedge type force-increasing mechanism to quickly eliminate brake clearance of a brake and build brake pressure, adopt a magnetostrictive actuator to quickly adjust brake torque, prevent a vehicle from being braked and locked and keep the stability of the vehicle, have higher response frequency and control precision, effectively shorten brake distance and improve the driving safety of the vehicle.
After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the electromagnetic attraction and the magnetostrictive actuator are used as power sources, a driving motor and a speed reducing mechanism in the prior art are eliminated, and the braking response speed is effectively improved;
2. the brake-by-wire mode is adopted, so that system integration with ABS, EBD and the like is facilitated, and higher control precision is achieved;
3. the conventional hydraulic brake adopts an 'on-off' regulation mode of pressurization, pressure maintaining and pressure reduction when wheels are locked, and the hydraulic brake has the advantages of continuous adjustability and higher control precision.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a caliper assembly according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a caliper assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the piston structure of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a wedge column assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-brake disc, 2-left friction disc, 3-right friction disc, 4-caliper assembly, 401-caliper body, 402-cylinder body, 5-first electromagnetic coil assembly, 6-fixed support, 7-second electromagnetic coil assembly, 8-spring, 9-wedge column assembly, 901-suction cup, 902-wedge surface rod, 10-magnetostriction rod, 11-piston, 12-controller, 13-brake pedal sensor assembly, 14-wheel speed sensor, 15-vehicle speed sensor and 16-gyroscope.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present solution is explained below by a specific embodiment in combination with the accompanying drawings.
A combined type brake-by-wire system comprises a brake-by-wire device adopting a modular design, a data acquisition unit and a controller 12; the number of the brake-by-wire devices is configured according to the number of wheels of the vehicle;
as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, and 4, the brake-by-wire apparatus includes a brake disc 1, a left friction plate 2, a right friction plate 3, a caliper assembly 4, a first electromagnetic coil assembly 5, a fixed support 6, a second electromagnetic coil assembly 7, a spring 8, a wedge column assembly 9, a magnetostrictive rod 10, and a piston 11; the first electromagnetic coil assembly 5 and the magnetostrictive rod 10 form a magnetostrictive actuator;
the brake disc 1 is connected with an axle bolt, the left friction plate 2 and the right friction plate 3 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the brake disc 1, and the left friction plate 2 and the right friction plate 3 are respectively arranged in an adaptive groove on the caliper body 401 through back steel sheets on the left friction plate and the right friction plate for rotation limiting; the caliper assembly 4 is fixedly arranged on a vehicle body;
the first electromagnetic coil assembly 5 is sleeved on the cylinder body 402 and is fixedly arranged on the caliper assembly 4 through an electromagnetic bracket on the cylinder body;
the fixed support 6 is fixedly connected with the cylinder body 402; one end of the second electromagnetic coil assembly 7 is connected with the fixed support 6 through a bolt, and a spring 8 is arranged between the other end of the second electromagnetic coil assembly 7 and the sucking disc 901 on the wedge column assembly 9;
the magnetostrictive rod 10 and the piston 11 are both sleeved in the cylinder 402, one end of the magnetostrictive rod 10 is in contact with the back steel sheet surface on the right friction plate 3, the other end of the magnetostrictive rod 10 is in contact with the left end surface of the piston 11, and the wedge surface end of the wedge surface rod 902 on the wedge column assembly 9 is installed in the wedge surface groove on the left end surface of the piston 11 and is in wedge surface fit; the wedge-shaped rod 902 is guided and supported by a notch on the wall surface of the tail end of the cylinder 402;
as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the caliper assembly 4 includes a caliper body 401 and a cylinder body 402; the caliper body 401 and the cylinder body 402 are fixedly connected; notches matched with the back steel sheets on the left friction plate 2 and the right friction plate 3 in size are formed in the left side wall and the right side wall of the caliper body 401 respectively and used for limiting the rotation of the friction plates; a guide groove matched with the wedge rod 902 in size is formed in the wall surface of the tail end of the cylinder body 402;
as shown in fig. 9, the wedge column assembly 9 includes a suction cup 901, a wedge rod 902; the sucker 901 and the wedge surface rod 902 are fixedly connected; the wedge rod 902 passes through the second electromagnetic coil assembly 7 and is guided and supported by a notch on the wall surface of the tail end of the cylinder body 402;
as shown in fig. 7, one end of the piston 11 is provided with a wedge groove matched with the wedge surface of the wedge rod 902;
the data acquisition unit comprises a brake pedal sensor assembly 13, a wheel speed sensor 14, a vehicle speed sensor 15 and a gyroscope 16; the brake pedal sensor assembly 13 comprises a pedal force sensor and an angle sensor; the brake pedal sensor assembly 13 is arranged on a vehicle brake pedal; the wheel speed sensor 14 is arranged on a wheel; the vehicle speed sensor 15 and the gyroscope 16 are arranged on the vehicle body;
as shown in fig. 10, the first electromagnetic coil assembly 5, the second electromagnetic coil assembly 7, the brake pedal sensor assembly 13, the wheel speed sensor 14, the vehicle speed sensor 15 and the gyroscope 16 are all electrically connected to the controller 12; the controller 12 collects signals of the brake pedal sensor assembly 13, the wheel speed sensor 14, the vehicle speed sensor 15 and the gyroscope 16 in real time to judge the running state of the vehicle and the operation of a driver, and controls the working current of the first electromagnetic coil assembly 5 and the second electromagnetic coil assembly 7 according to a designed control method; when the vehicle brakes, the controller 12 firstly controls the second electromagnetic coil assembly 7 to work, so as to eliminate the brake clearance and build the brake pressure; then, the working current of the first electromagnetic coil assembly 5 is controlled, the extension length of the magnetostrictive rod 10 is controlled by changing the strength of the magnetic field, and the braking pressure is further changed;
the control method of the compound brake-by-wire system comprises the following steps: (1) the controller 12 judges the emergency degree of braking according to the pedal force and the pedal angle signal transmitted by the brake pedal sensor assembly 13; (2) the controller 12 judges the braking condition of the vehicle and the locking degree of the wheels according to the signals of the wheel speed sensor 14 and the vehicle speed sensor 15; if the wheel is judged to be in a locking state, reducing the working current in the first electromagnetic coil assembly 5 so as to reduce the braking force; (3) the controller 12 judges the centroid slip angle of the vehicle according to the signal of the gyroscope 16, and further judges the stable working condition of the vehicle; if the vehicle is judged to be in an unstable state, the controller 12 generates a restoring moment by controlling the difference value of the braking forces of the wheels on the left side and the right side of the vehicle, so that the vehicle is kept in a stable state; (4) during braking, the controller 12 firstly controls the second electromagnetic coil assembly 7 to work, the second electromagnetic coil assembly 7 adsorbs the sucker 901 to move, and then the wedge-shaped rod 902 is pushed to move, the wedge-shaped rod 902 pushes the piston 11 to move left through a wedge surface on the wedge-shaped rod, and the piston 11 pushes the magnetostrictive rod 10 to move left to press the right friction plate 3, so that not only can the braking gap be quickly eliminated, but also the braking pressure can be established; the working current of the first electromagnetic coil assembly 5 is controlled by the controller 12, the intensity of the magnetic field is changed by changing the working current of the first electromagnetic coil assembly 5, and the extension length of the magnetostrictive rod 10 is further controlled to realize the accurate adjustment of the braking pressure of the right friction plate 3; at the end of braking, the spring 8 resets the suction cup 901, and thus the other components.
The vehicle speed sensor 15 is a doppler radar.
The spring 8 is a diaphragm spring.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A compound brake-by-wire system is characterized in that: the brake-by-wire system comprises a brake-by-wire device adopting a modular design, a data acquisition unit and a controller (12); the number of the brake-by-wire devices is configured according to the number of wheels of the vehicle;
the brake-by-wire device comprises a brake disc (1), a left friction disc (2), a right friction disc (3), a caliper assembly (4), a first electromagnetic coil assembly (5), a fixed support (6), a second electromagnetic coil assembly (7), a spring (8), a wedge column assembly (9), a magnetostrictive rod (10) and a piston (11); the first electromagnetic coil assembly (5) and the magnetostrictive rod (10) form a magnetostrictive actuator;
the brake disc (1) is connected with an axle bolt, the left friction plate (2) and the right friction plate (3) are respectively installed on the left side and the right side of the brake disc (1), and the left friction plate (2) and the right friction plate (3) are respectively installed in an adaptive groove on the caliper body (401) through back steel sheets on the left friction plate and the right friction plate so as to carry out rotation limiting; the caliper assembly (4) is fixedly arranged on a vehicle body;
the first electromagnetic coil assembly (5) is sleeved on the cylinder body (402) and is fixedly arranged on the caliper assembly (4) through an electromagnetic support on the cylinder body;
the fixed support (6) is fixedly connected with the cylinder body (402); one end of the second electromagnetic coil assembly (7) is connected with the fixed support (6) through a bolt, and a spring (8) is arranged between the other end of the second electromagnetic coil assembly (7) and a sucking disc (901) on the wedge column assembly (9);
the magnetostrictive rod (10) and the piston (11) are sleeved in the cylinder body (402), one end of the magnetostrictive rod (10) is in contact with the back steel sheet surface on the right friction plate (3), the other end of the magnetostrictive rod (10) is in contact with the left end surface of the piston (11), and the wedge surface end of the wedge surface rod (902) on the wedge column assembly (9) is installed in the wedge surface groove on the left end surface of the piston (11) and is matched with the wedge surface; the wedge surface rod (902) is guided and supported through a notch on the wall surface of the tail end of the cylinder body (402);
the caliper assembly (4) comprises a caliper body (401) and a cylinder body (402); the caliper body (401) and the cylinder body (402) are fixedly connected; notches matched with the back steel sheets on the left friction plate (2) and the right friction plate (3) in size are formed in the left side wall and the right side wall of the caliper body (401) respectively and used for limiting the rotation of the friction plates; a guide groove matched with the wedge surface rod (902) in size is formed in the wall surface of the tail end of the cylinder body (402);
the wedge column assembly (9) comprises a sucking disc (901) and a wedge surface rod (902); the sucker (901) and the wedge surface rod (902) are fixedly connected; the wedge surface rod (902) passes through the second electromagnetic coil assembly (7) and is guided and supported through a notch on the wall surface of the tail end of the cylinder body (402);
one end of the piston (11) is provided with a wedge surface notch matched with the wedge surface of the wedge surface rod (902);
the data acquisition unit comprises a brake pedal sensor assembly (13), a wheel speed sensor (14), a vehicle speed sensor (15) and a gyroscope (16); the brake pedal sensor assembly (13) comprises a pedal force sensor and an angle sensor; the brake pedal sensor assembly (13) is arranged on a vehicle brake pedal; the wheel speed sensor (14) is arranged on a wheel; the vehicle speed sensor (15) and the gyroscope (16) are arranged on the vehicle body;
the first electromagnetic coil assembly (5), the second electromagnetic coil assembly (7), the brake pedal sensor assembly (13), the wheel speed sensor (14), the vehicle speed sensor (15) and the gyroscope (16) are all electrically connected with the controller (12); the controller (12) collects signals of a brake pedal sensor assembly (13), a wheel speed sensor (14), a vehicle speed sensor (15) and a gyroscope (16) in real time to judge the running state of the vehicle and the operation of a driver, and controls the working current of the first electromagnetic coil assembly (5) and the second electromagnetic coil assembly (7) according to a designed control method; when the vehicle brakes, the controller (12) firstly controls the second electromagnetic coil assembly (7) to work, eliminates the brake clearance and builds the brake pressure; and then the working current of the first electromagnetic coil assembly (5) is controlled, the extension length of the magnetostrictive rod (10) is changed through the strength of the magnetic field, and the braking pressure is further changed.
2. The control method of a compound brake-by-wire system according to claim 1, wherein:
(1) the controller (12) judges the emergency degree of braking according to the pedal force and the pedal angle signal transmitted by the brake pedal sensor assembly (13);
(2) the controller (12) judges the braking condition of the vehicle and the locking degree of the wheels according to signals of the wheel speed sensor (14) and the vehicle speed sensor (15); if the wheel is judged to be in the locking state, reducing the working current in the first electromagnetic coil assembly (5) so as to reduce the braking force;
(3) the controller (12) judges the centroid slip angle of the vehicle according to the signal of the gyroscope (16), and further judges the stable working condition of the vehicle; if the vehicle is judged to be in the unstable state, the controller (12) generates a restoring moment by controlling the difference value of the braking force of the wheels at the left side and the right side of the vehicle so as to keep the vehicle in the stable state;
(4) during braking, the controller (12) firstly controls the second electromagnetic coil assembly (7) to work, the second electromagnetic coil assembly (7) adsorbs the sucker (901) to move, and then the wedge surface rod (902) is pushed to move, the wedge surface rod (902) pushes the piston (11) to move left through the wedge surface on the wedge surface rod, the piston (11) pushes the magnetostrictive rod (10) to move left to press the right friction plate (3), so that not only can the braking gap be quickly eliminated, but also the braking pressure can be established; the working current of the first electromagnetic coil assembly (5) is controlled by the controller (12), the strength of a magnetic field is changed by changing the working current of the first electromagnetic coil assembly (5), and the extension length of the magnetostrictive rod (10) is further controlled to realize accurate adjustment of the braking pressure of the right friction plate (3); when braking is finished, the spring (8) resets the sucker (901) and further resets other components.
3. The compound brake-by-wire system of claim 1, wherein: the vehicle speed sensor (15) is a Doppler radar.
4. The compound brake-by-wire system of claim 1, wherein: the spring (8) is a diaphragm spring.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110134592.6A CN112727953B (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2021-01-29 | Combined type brake-by-wire system and control method |
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| CN202110134592.6A CN112727953B (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2021-01-29 | Combined type brake-by-wire system and control method |
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| CN112727953B true CN112727953B (en) | 2022-05-17 |
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Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5249648A (en) * | 1990-01-31 | 1993-10-05 | Bendix Europe Services Techniques | Wedge type disc brake |
| US5826683A (en) * | 1996-01-29 | 1998-10-27 | Akebono Brake Industry Co., Ltd. | Magnetostrictive brake |
| DE19752543A1 (en) * | 1997-11-27 | 1999-06-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Magnetic brake and electromechanical braking device with a magnetic brake |
| KR100498690B1 (en) * | 2002-06-05 | 2005-07-01 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | Electric disk break system using electromagnetic force |
| KR20070104060A (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2007-10-25 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Car disc brake |
| KR100771015B1 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2007-10-29 | 주식회사 만도 | Car Disc Brake |
| US9114790B2 (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2015-08-25 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Shift-by-wire actuation of a transmission park brake |
| CN104613105B (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2017-02-22 | 浙江大学 | Disc brake with giant magnetostrictive stress application function and method of disc brake |
| CN106594115B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-11-06 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of brake-by-wire device of motor joint magnetostriction effect |
| CN110425236B (en) * | 2019-07-27 | 2021-01-15 | 浙江师范大学 | Self-energizing wire control actuator |
| CN110725879B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2025-04-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | A disc brake based on magnetostrictive material and control method thereof |
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2021
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