CN112730983A - Method for testing leaky coaxial cable - Google Patents
Method for testing leaky coaxial cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN112730983A CN112730983A CN202110054256.0A CN202110054256A CN112730983A CN 112730983 A CN112730983 A CN 112730983A CN 202110054256 A CN202110054256 A CN 202110054256A CN 112730983 A CN112730983 A CN 112730983A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001303 quality assessment method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2688—Measuring quality factor or dielectric loss, e.g. loss angle, or power factor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/083—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in cables, e.g. underground
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing a leaky coaxial cable, which comprises the following steps: connecting one ends of two test leads with a signal generator and a spectrum analyzer or an equivalent instrument respectively, connecting the other ends of the two test leads with each other, adjusting the frequency of the signal generator to a test frequency, inputting power to ensure that the power at the tail end of the whole section of the sample meets test requirements, calibrating, and recording the power level displayed by the spectrum analyzer or the equivalent instrument under the test frequency as Nin; then judging the length of the test sample, judging whether the test sample needs to be segmented, and then measuring the whole segment or the segment. The invention can realize the accurate evaluation of the transmission quality of the cable by measuring the input power and the output power of the cable and counting the relative power level, and compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the whole method is not complicated, the pulse voltage resistance of the insulated single wire can be obviously improved, the reliability of the wire is improved, and the invention is suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of digital communication cables, in particular to a method for testing a leaky coaxial cable.
Background
With the advance of wireless communication technology, the application of wireless technology, the explosion development of leaky coaxial cables, new technology and new products are continuously appeared, in order to ensure transmission quality and transmission distance, a cable with different attenuation constants and coupling losses on a continuous length line appears, the attenuation constants and the coupling losses, which are indexes for measuring the quality of the cable, can not be accurately measured on the cable, and the transmission quality of the cable can not be measured, so a new cable testing method is provided according to the receiving power level and the power level of the input end of the cable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for testing a leaky coaxial cable, which can measure the transmission performance of a cable with electric balance of received power.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for testing a leaky coaxial cable comprises the following steps:
a: connecting one ends of two test leads with a signal generator and a spectrum analyzer or an equivalent instrument respectively, connecting the other ends of the two test leads with each other, adjusting the frequency of the signal generator to a test frequency, inputting power to ensure that the power at the tail end of the whole section of the sample meets test requirements, calibrating, and recording the power level displayed by the spectrum analyzer or the equivalent instrument under the test frequency as Nin;
b: then judging the length of the test sample, and judging whether the test sample needs to be segmented, wherein when the test sample does not need to be segmented, the step C is carried out, otherwise, the step E is carried out;
c: opening one end of the measurement lead wire which is connected with each other, connecting the other end of the measurement lead wire which is connected with the signal generator with the head end of the sample to be tested, then connecting the other end of the measurement lead wire which is connected with the spectrum analyzer or the equivalent instrument with the antenna, and connecting the tail end of the sample to be tested with the load;
d: fixedly mounting a spectrum analyzer or an equivalent instrument and an antenna by moving a test vehicle, and starting from one end of a sample to be tested, moving the test vehicle to enable the antenna to keep a distance of 2 meters from the sample to be tested until the other end of the sample to be tested, and recording a receiving power level Nr displayed by the spectrum analyzer or other applicable instruments;
e: that is, the test sample is divided into N connected in sequence1、N2、…、NnFirstly, the section N1 of the test sample is processed through the steps C-D to obtain the test sample N1Received power level N of a segment1r；
F: then to obtain a test sample N1Received power level N of a segment1r as the next adjacent test sample N2Repeating the steps C-D, and sequentially measuring other sections of the rest test samples until the last section of the test sample N is obtainednReceived power level N of a segmentnr；
G: calculating a relative power level by receiving the power level and the Nin, namely performing cable quality evaluation;
the measured received power level Nr is characterized by two typical values:
nr50 received power level: refers to a 50% probability of reception, i.e.: 50% of the measured local received power level is greater than this value;
nr95 received power level: refers to a 95% reception probability, i.e.: the 95% measured local received power level is greater than this value.
The distance between the tested sample and the ground is not less than 10 CM.
The difference between the received power level and the cable head end input power level is given by the equation:
Dr=Nr-Nin-G
in the formula: dr is the relative power level with 95% or 50% probability of reception in dB; nin is the power level of the head end of the cable, and the unit is dBm; nr is the received power level with 95% or 50% probability in the antenna receiving direction, in dBm; g is antenna gain in decibels.
The antenna is a half-wave dipole antenna, and the value of G is 0.
The invention can realize the accurate evaluation of the transmission quality of the cable by measuring the input power and the output power of the cable and counting the relative power level, and compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the whole method is not complicated, the pulse voltage resistance of the insulated single wire can be obviously improved, the reliability of the wire is improved, and the invention is suitable for popularization and application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention comprises the steps of:
a: connecting one end of each of two test leads with a signal generator and a spectrum analyzer or an equivalent instrument, connecting the other ends of the two test leads with each other, adjusting the frequency of the signal generator to a test frequency, ensuring the input power to meet the test requirement of the power at the tail end of the whole section of the sample, calibrating, and recording the power level displayed by the spectrum analyzer or the equivalent instrument under the test frequency as the power levelN in；
B: then judging the length of the test sample, and judging whether the test sample needs to be segmented, wherein when the test sample does not need to be segmented, the step C is carried out, otherwise, the step E is carried out;
c: opening one end of the measurement lead wire which is connected with each other, connecting the other end of the measurement lead wire which is connected with the signal generator with the head end of the sample to be tested, then connecting the other end of the measurement lead wire which is connected with the spectrum analyzer or the equivalent instrument with the antenna, and connecting the tail end of the sample to be tested with the load;
d: fixedly mounting a spectrum analyzer or an equivalent instrument and an antenna by moving a test vehicle, starting from one end of a tested sample, moving the test vehicle to enable the antenna to keep a distance of 2 meters from the tested sample until the other end of the tested sample, and recording a receiving power level Nr displayed by the spectrum analyzer or other applicable instruments after the moving is finished;
e: that is, the test sample is divided into N connected in sequence1、N2、…、NnSegment, first, to test sample N1The step C-D is passed through to obtain the test sample N1Received power level N of a segment1r；
F: then to obtain a test sample N1Received power level N of a segment1r is used as the input level of the next adjacent section of test sample N2, the steps C-D are repeated, and other sections of the rest test samples are sequentially measured until the last section of test sample N is obtainednReceived power level N of a segmentnr；
G: by receiving power level and NinCalculating the relative power level, namely performing cable quality evaluation;
according to the invention, the cable is distinguished according to the actual condition of the cable, if the single measurement requirement is met, the quality of the cable can be evaluated by measuring the whole section and calibrating the power of the cable firstly, then taking the calibration value as an input value, then measuring the output power of the whole section through antenna measurement, and representing the measured result through a relative power level. Meanwhile, in the cable process, the measuring equipment can not carry out the whole-section test, the sectional measurement is carried out on the cable, the measurement of the first section is the same as the whole-section measurement in the measuring process, the subsequent measuring process has the same steps as the whole-section measurement except that the input power level is the output end power level of the adjacent upper end of the measuring equipment, and then the relative power level can be obtained rapidly and accurately finally, namely the representation of the quality is good and bad.
The following is further illustrated with specific experimental numerical controls: the test cable is 250 meters, the relative power level is required to be more than or equal to-40 dB, and the gain of the antenna is 0 dB.
And (3) testing the whole section: the test cable is 250 meters, the input power level is 100dBm, the input test frequency is 3600MHz, the measured 95% received power level is 80dB, the relative power level Dr =80-100-0= -20dB, and the requirements are met.
And (3) testing in a segmented mode: the 250 m cable is divided into 5 sections, and each section is 50 m;
the input power level of the first section is 100dBm, the input test frequency is 3600MHz, the measured 95 percent of the received power level is 80dB, and the power level of the tail end of the first section is 96.4 dBm;
the input power level of the second section of cable is 96.4 dBm, the measured 95 percent of the received power level is 80.5dB, and the power level of the tested second section end is 92.5 dBm;
the input power level of the cable at the third section is 92.5 dBm, the measured 95 percent of the received power level is 81.2dB, and the measured power level at the tail end of the third section is 88.5 dBm;
the input power level of the fourth cable section is 88.5 dBm, the measured 95 percent of the received power level is 80.7dB, and the power level of the tested end of the fourth cable section is 84.3 dBm;
the fifth cable had an input power level of 84.3 dBm, a measured 95% received power level of 79.8dB,
relative power level Dr =79.8-100-0= -20.2dB, meeting the requirements.
The measured received power level Nr is characterized by two typical values:
nr50 received power level: refers to a 50% probability of reception, i.e.: 50% of the measured local received power level is greater than this value;
nr95 received power level: refers to a 95% reception probability, i.e.: the 95% measured local received power level is greater than this value. The uniformity of the radiation field intensity along the length direction of the cable can be represented by the Nr95% received power level and the Nr50% (median) received power level, which is a statistical method automatically set in the existing spectrum analyzer.
The distance between the tested sample and the ground is not less than 10CM, so that the requirement of standard radiation cable separation specifications can be met.
The difference between the received power level and the cable head end input power level is given by the equation:
dr = Nr-Nin-G wherein: dr is the relative power level with 95% or 50% probability of reception in dB; nin is the power level of the head end of the cable, and the unit is dBm; nr is the received power level with 95% or 50% probability in the antenna receiving direction, in dBm; g is antenna gain in decibels. The antenna is a half-wave dipole antenna, and the value of G is 0.
The transmission attenuation and the coupling loss can not be tested or uncertain leaky coaxial cables can be tested in a segmented mode on the whole cable: at different positions of a 350-meter cable, two sections are respectively intercepted for 2 sections of 50 meters, the meter label of the first cable is 0-50m, the meter label of the second cable is 300-3500m, the frequency point of test 3600MHz is obtained, and the test results are as follows:
the transmission attenuation of the first cable (0-50 m) is 3.6dB and the 95 percent coupling loss is 85dB
The transmission attenuation of the second cable (300-
The transmission attenuation and coupling loss at different positions of the cable are greatly different, and the index of any section of the cable cannot represent the overall index level of the cable.
Cables having received power levels or differences between received power levels and cable head end input power levels may use the test method.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, for the orientation words, there are terms such as "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", and the like
The terms "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like are used to designate an orientation or positional relationship that is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings for purposes of descriptive convenience and simplicity of description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so designated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the specific scope of the invention.
It is noted that the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be used. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the application of the principles of the technology. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and may include more effective embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for testing a leaky coaxial cable is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
a: connecting one ends of two test leads with a signal generator and a spectrum analyzer or an equivalent instrument respectively, connecting the other ends of the two test leads with each other, adjusting the frequency of the signal generator to a test frequency, inputting power to ensure that the power at the tail end of the whole section of the sample meets test requirements, calibrating, and recording the power level displayed by the spectrum analyzer or the equivalent instrument under the test frequency as Nin;
b: then judging the length of the test sample, and judging whether the test sample needs to be segmented, wherein when the test sample does not need to be segmented, the step C is carried out, otherwise, the step E is carried out;
c: opening one end of the measurement lead wire which is connected with each other, connecting the other end of the measurement lead wire which is connected with the signal generator with the head end of the sample to be tested, then connecting the other end of the measurement lead wire which is connected with the spectrum analyzer or the equivalent instrument with the antenna, and connecting the tail end of the sample to be tested with the load;
d: fixedly mounting a spectrum analyzer or an equivalent instrument and an antenna by moving a test vehicle, and starting from one end of a sample to be tested, moving the test vehicle to enable the antenna to keep a distance of 2 meters from the sample to be tested until the other end of the sample to be tested, and recording a receiving power level Nr displayed by the spectrum analyzer or other applicable instruments;
e: that is, the test sample is divided into N connected in sequence1、N2、…、NnSegment, first, to test sample N1The segment is processed through steps C-D to obtain the received power level N of the segment N1 of the test sample1r；
F: then to obtain a test sample N1Received power level N of a segment1r as the next adjacent test sample N2Repeating the steps C-D, and sequentially measuring other sections of the rest test samples until the last section of the test sample N is obtainednReceived power level N of a segmentnr；
G: cable quality assessment can be performed by accepting the power level and Nin to calculate the relative power level.
2. The method for testing a leaky coaxial cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the measured received power level Nr is characterized by two typical values:
nr50 received power level: refers to a 50% probability of reception, i.e.: 50% of the measured local received power level is greater than this value;
nr95 received power level: refers to a 95% reception probability, i.e.: the 95% measured local received power level is greater than this value.
3. The method for testing a leaky coaxial cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the tested sample and the ground is not less than 10 CM.
4. The test method of claim 1, wherein: the difference between the received power level and the cable head end input power level is given by the equation:
D r=N r-N in-G
in the formula:D rrelative power level in dB for 95% or 50% probability of reception;N in is the power level at the head end of the cable, in dBm;N rthe unit is dBm, which is the received power level with the probability of 95% or 50% in the receiving direction of the antenna; g is antenna gain in decibels.
5. The test method of claim 1, wherein: the antenna is a half-wave dipole antenna, and the value of G is 0.
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| CN202110054256.0A CN112730983B (en) | 2021-01-15 | 2021-01-15 | Test method for leaky coaxial cable |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115765794A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-03-07 | 中国铁塔股份有限公司 | Leaky cable performance evaluation method and device |
| CN115913282A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-04-04 | 中国铁塔股份有限公司 | Leaky cable performance evaluation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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