CN112769039A - Light source, emission module, optical sensing device and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Light source, emission module, optical sensing device and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/40—Arrangement of two or more semiconductor lasers, not provided for in groups H01S5/02 - H01S5/30
- H01S5/42—Arrays of surface emitting lasers
- H01S5/423—Arrays of surface emitting lasers having a vertical cavity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures by projecting a pattern, e.g. one or more lines, moiré fringes on the object
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
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Abstract
The application is suitable for optics and electron technical field, provides a light source for launching sensing light beam and through one setting up the projecting lens of light source light-emitting side will sensing light beam throws in order to carry out optical sensing on a surveyed target. The light source comprises a substrate and a plurality of light emitting units formed on the substrate, the light emitting units at different positions on the substrate respectively emit sensing light beams along different emission directions, and the emission directions of the light emitting units are respectively matched with the corresponding main ray angles of the projection lens at the light emitting units. The application also provides an emission module, an optical sensing device and an electronic device comprising the light source.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of optics, and particularly relates to a light source, an emission module, an optical sensing device and electronic equipment.
Background
Three-Dimensional (3D) sensing devices using the structured light principle generally include a light emitter that projects a predetermined light spot pattern on a target object to be measured for Three-Dimensional sensing. The light emitter generally needs to include a plurality of light emitting units and diffractive optical elements arranged according to a preset pattern, and light emitted by the light emitting units needs to be copied and dispersed into a light spot pattern through the diffractive optical elements to be projected outwards.
However, the diffractive optical element is expensive, which greatly increases the cost of the 3D sensing device. Moreover, the arrangement of the diffractive optical element also increases the thickness of the light emitter, which is not favorable for the overall lightness and thinness of the 3D sensing device.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem that this application will be solved lies in providing a light source, transmission module, optical sensing device and electronic equipment, can omit the light beam that diffraction optical element directly utilized the luminescence unit to send and throw out the facula pattern and carry out 3D sensing on being surveyed the target object, has miniaturized and low-cost beneficial effect.
The embodiment of the application provides a light source, which is used for emitting a sensing light beam and projecting the sensing light beam to a detected object through a projection lens arranged on the light emitting side of the light source so as to perform optical sensing. The light source comprises a substrate and a plurality of light emitting units formed on the substrate, the light emitting units at different positions on the substrate respectively emit sensing light beams along different emission directions, and the emission directions of the light emitting units are respectively matched with the corresponding main ray angles of the projection lens at the light emitting units.
In some implementations, the sensing light beam emitted by the light emitting unit has a preset light emitting angle range, and the direction in which the light emitting unit emits the maximum light intensity within the light emitting angle range is defined as the emitting direction in which the light emitting unit emits the sensing light beam.
In some embodiments, the emission direction of the light emitting unit is located at a center position of the corresponding light emission angle range.
In some embodiments, the light emitting unit includes a vertical cavity surface emitting laser structure, the vertical cavity surface emitting laser structure includes a first electrode layer, a plurality of first reflective layers, an active layer, a plurality of second reflective layers, and a second electrode layer, which are sequentially stacked from a light emitting side of the light emitting unit to a lower side, and a portion of light generated by the active layer being excited is reflected back and forth between the first reflective layer and the second reflective layer for a plurality of times and then meets a preset emission condition is guided out toward the first electrode layer to form the sensing light beam for projection.
In some embodiments, the first electrode layer is made of a transparent conductive material, light generated in the first reflective layer, the active layer and the second reflective layer is emitted through the first electrode layer to form the sensing light beam, and the first electrode layer of each light emitting unit has a corresponding light guiding shape according to an emission direction of the light emitting unit, so that the emission direction of the sensing light beam emitted through the first electrode layer is matched with a corresponding chief ray angle of the projection lens at the light emitting unit.
In some embodiments, the first electrode layer is provided with a light exit hole, the light emitting unit further includes a microlens corresponding to the light exit hole, light generated in the first reflective layer, the active layer, and the second reflective layer passes through the light exit hole and is adjusted by the corresponding microlens to be emitted out to form the sensing light beam, and an emission direction of the sensing light beam adjusted by the microlens is matched with a chief ray angle corresponding to a position of the projection lens at the light emitting unit.
In some embodiments, the micro-lenses are arranged in the corresponding light-emitting holes; or the micro lens is arranged above the corresponding light outlet hole.
In some embodiments, the optical modulation layer is disposed above the light emitting side of the light emitting unit, and the light emitting units corresponding to different positions on the optical modulation layer are respectively provided with an optical modulation structure to adjust the emission direction of the sensing light beam emitted by the light emitting unit to match the corresponding main ray angle of the projection lens at the light emitting unit.
In some embodiments, the substrate includes a light emitting surface facing the projection lens, and the first reflective layer, the active layer, and the second reflective layer of the light emitting unit are disposed in parallel and are respectively parallel to the light emitting surface of the substrate.
In some embodiments, the substrate includes a light exit surface facing the projection lens, the first reflective layer, the active layer, and the second reflective layer of the light emitting unit are disposed in parallel, the first electrode layer is provided with a light exit hole, the light emitting unit is projected onto the target object directly through the projection lens after sensing light beams generated by the first reflective layer, the active layer, and the second reflective layer are emitted through the light exit hole, and an included angle formed between the active layer, the first reflective layer, or the second reflective layer of the light emitting unit and the light exit surface of the substrate is set according to a corresponding chief ray angle of the projection lens at the light emitting unit, so that an emission direction of the light emitting unit is matched with the corresponding chief ray angle of the projection lens at the light emitting unit.
In some embodiments, the fact that the emission direction of the light-emitting unit matches the corresponding chief ray angle of the projection lens at the light-emitting unit means that a deviation error between the emission direction of the light-emitting unit and the corresponding chief ray angle direction is smaller than a preset angle value.
In some embodiments, a plurality of the light emitting units are irregularly arranged or regularly arranged on the substrate.
The embodiment of the present application further provides an emission module, including the light source and the projection lens disposed on the light exit side of the light source, wherein the plurality of light emitting units on the light source are distributed according to a preset pattern to emit a sensing light beam with the preset pattern, and the projection lens is configured to project the sensing light beam onto a target object to be measured to form a light spot with the preset pattern.
In some embodiments, the projection lens has a maximum projection angle corresponding to a maximum chief ray angle, and the maximum projection angle of the projection lens ranges from 60 degrees to 120 degrees.
The embodiment of the present application further provides an optical sensing device, which includes a receiving module and the transmitting module. The receiving module is used for sensing the light spot image with the preset pattern projected on the measured target object by the transmitting module, and acquiring the three-dimensional information of the measured target object by analyzing the light spot image.
An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes the optical sensing apparatus described above. The optical sensing device is used for sensing three-dimensional information of the face of the detected target object, and the electronic equipment is used for carrying out identity recognition on the detected target object according to the recognition result of the optical sensing device.
The light source, the emission module, the optical sensing device and the related electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the application match the emission direction of the sensing light beam emitted by the light source with the main ray angle corresponding to the projection lens, so that a diffraction optical element with extremely high cost can be saved while better projection quality is kept, the volume is smaller, the light and thin design of the electronic equipment is facilitated, and the cost of the device is further reduced. .
Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments of the present application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of an optical sensing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided with the optical sensing device shown in fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting module according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the variation of the light emitting intensity of the light emitting unit of the emission module in fig. 3 with the light emitting angle.
Fig. 5 is a schematic optical path diagram of a chief ray angle of the projection lens of the emission module shown in fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a graph of angle changes of chief rays corresponding to different positions of the projection lens and the light source in fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged schematic structural view of a light emitting unit of the emission module shown in fig. 3.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the first electrode layer having different light guide shapes of the light emitting unit shown in fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the light emitting unit shown in fig. 3 according to another embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the light emitting unit shown in fig. 3 according to another embodiment of the present application. .
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a light source structure of the emission module according to another embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a light source structure of the emission module according to another embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a light emitting unit of the light source shown in fig. 12.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and are only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any order or number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; either mechanically or electrically or in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship or combination of two or more elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, only the components and settings of a specific example are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. Moreover, the present application may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, such repeat use is intended to provide a simplified and clear description of the present application and is not intended to suggest any particular relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, the various specific processes and materials provided in the following description of the present application are only examples of implementing the technical solutions of the present application, but one of ordinary skill in the art should recognize that the technical solutions of the present application can also be implemented by other processes and/or other materials not described below.
Further, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the application. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the subject technology can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other structures, components, and so forth. In other instances, well-known structures or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring the focus of the application.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of an optical sensing device 3 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the optical sensing device 3 may be disposed on the electronic device 4 for implementing 3D information sensing. For example, but not limited to, the optical sensing device 3 is used for face recognition, gesture or motion recognition, obstacle sensing, scene modeling, Augmented Reality (AR)/Virtual Reality (VR), ranging, or 3D mapping, and the like. The electronic device 4 is, for example, but not limited to, an electronic device 4 with 3D sensing function requirements, such as a smart phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a display screen, a touch interactive screen, an intelligent door lock, an intelligent wearable device, a vehicle, a robot, an automatic numerical control machine, medical treatment, aviation, and the like. The electronic device 4 can perform corresponding functions according to the sensing result of the optical sensing device 3. The corresponding functions include but are not limited to operations of unlocking, paying, starting a preset application program and the like after the identity of the target object is recognized, or obstacle avoidance is carried out according to a sensing result, or any one or more combinations of emotion and health conditions of the target object are judged by using a deep learning technology after the facial expression of the target object is recognized.
Specifically, the optical sensing device 3 includes a transmitting module 1 and a receiving module 2. The emission module 1 is used for projecting a sensing light beam to a measured object. The receiving module 2 is used for receiving the sensing light beam returned by the detected object to perform related 3D sensing. The principle of the optical sensing device 3 performing 3D sensing may be a Time of Flight (TOF) principle or a structured light principle, which is not limited in the present application.
The optical sensing device 3 performs 3D sensing example by using the structured light principle, the transmitting module 1 projects a light spot with a preset pattern on a measured object, and the receiving module 2 senses the light spot pattern with the preset pattern projected on the measured object by the transmitting module 1, and acquires 3D information of the measured object by analyzing the light spot pattern.
It is understood that, in some embodiments, when the optical sensing device 3 performs 3D sensing by using the TOF principle, the light spot projected onto the measured object by the emission module 1 may also be a light spot with a preset pattern.
In some implementations, the sensing beam may be infrared or near infrared light with a wavelength in the range of 750 nanometers (nm) to 2000nm, for example, the sensing beam may have a wavelength of 940 nm.
As shown in fig. 1, the receiving module 2 includes a receiving lens 20, an image sensor 22, and an analysis processor 23. The receiving lens 20 focuses and images the sensing light beam returned through the measured object on the image sensor 22 to acquire a spot image formed by the sensing light beam on the measured object. The analysis processor 23 is configured to analyze the acquired spot image of the sensing light beam to sense three-dimensional information of the measured object.
It will be appreciated that in some embodiments, the receiving lens 20 may also be integrated within the image sensor 22 as an internal component, thereby omitting the receiving lens 20. For example, microlenses are disposed correspondingly on the photosensitive pixels of the image sensor 22 to perform in-focus imaging. The analysis processor 23 may be disposed in the receiving module 2, or may be disposed at another position of the electronic device 4, which is not limited in this application.
The emission module 1 comprises a light source 10 and a projection lens 12 arranged on the light emitting side of the light source 10, wherein the light source 10 is used for emitting a sensing light beam, and the projection lens 12 is used for projecting the sensing light beam on a detected target object. As shown in fig. 3, the light source 10 includes a substrate 101 and a plurality of light emitting units 102 formed on the substrate 101. The light emitting units 102 are arranged on the substrate 101 according to a preset pattern, so as to emit sensing light beams with preset patterns from different positions of the substrate 101 to the projection lens 12, respectively. It is understood that the plurality of light emitting units 102 may be arranged regularly or irregularly on the substrate. The substrate 101 includes a light emitting surface 100 facing the projection lens 12, and in some embodiments, the light emitting unit 102 is formed on the light emitting surface 100 of the substrate 101. The Light Emitting unit 102 may be, but is not limited to, a Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL), a Light Emitting Diode (LED), and a Laser Diode (LD). In the embodiments of the present application, the light emitting unit 102 is mainly illustrated as a VCSEL.
As shown in fig. 4, the sensing light beam emitted by the light emitting unit 102 has a predetermined light emitting angle range, and the light emitting intensity of the light emitting unit 102 varies with different light emitting directions within the light emitting angle range. In some embodiments, the light emitting intensity of the sensing light beam emitted by the light emitting unit 102 is the largest at the center of the light emitting angle range, and the light emitting intensity gradually decreases as the distance from the center increases. The direction in which the light-emitting unit 102 emits the sensing light beam within the light-emitting angle range with the maximum light-emitting intensity is defined as the emitting direction S of the light-emitting unit 102 emitting the sensing light beam, and in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the emitting direction S of the light-emitting unit 102 emitting the sensing light beam is located at the middle position of the corresponding light-emitting angle range. It is understood that, in other embodiments, the light emitting intensity of the light emitting unit 102 may have other different distribution patterns within the light emitting angle range, and the application is not limited thereto. It should be noted that, for simplicity and clarity of illustration, the sensing light beams emitted by the light emitting unit 102 in fig. 3 and other figures are represented by light rays along the emission direction S with the maximum luminous intensity for simplicity and clarity, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
As shown in FIG. 5, the projection lens 12 has corresponding chief ray angles for light rays emitted from different positions on the light source 10
Along the chief ray angle
The light entering the projection lens 12 is defined as a principal ray of the projection lens 12 corresponding to the position. The chief ray is projected through the optical center of the projection lens 12, and has relatively better projection effect relative to the light projected at other angles at the position. If the angle of the projected light entering the projection lens 12 deviates from the corresponding chief ray angle
The projected image is distorted and the accuracy of the 3D sensing depends precisely on the accuracy of the projected speckle pattern on the measured object, any distortion of which results in sensing errors.
Referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6, the relative position relationship between the projection lens 12 and the light source 10 and the optical parameters of the projection lens 12 are shownThe determined projection optical system can design the main ray angle of the projection lens 12 corresponding to different positions on the light source 10
A curve of variation. In some embodiments, the optical axis of the projection lens 12 is perpendicular to the light emitting surface 100 of the light source 10, and the projection lens 12 corresponds to the chief ray angle of a specific position on the light source 10
Is defined as the angle between the main ray direction of the light source 10 emitting the projection lens 12 at the position and the optical axis direction of the projection lens 12. Angle of the above main ray
The coordinate system of the variation curve takes a point where the light emitting surface 100 of the light source 10 perpendicularly intersects the optical axis as an origin O, a distance between the position of the light emitting unit 102 on the light emitting surface 100 of the light source 10 and the origin O as a horizontal coordinate, and a chief ray angle corresponding to the position
Is the ordinate. The chief ray angle in fig. 6
The abscissa of the variation curve is normalized, and the abscissa 1 corresponds to the emitting position of the light ray with the largest angle deviating from the optical axis direction, which can be projected by the projection lens 12, on the light emitting surface 100 of the light source 10.
From the main ray angle
The variation curve shows that the main ray angle of the projection lens 12 corresponding to the origin O on the light-emitting surface 100 of the light source 10
Is 0 degree, i.e. the principal ray at the position of the light source 10 corresponding to the origin O is along the projection lensThe optical axis direction of the head 12. The main ray angle of the projection lens 12 corresponding to the position farther from the origin O on the light emitting surface 100 of the light source 10
Gradually increasing. The projection lens 12 has a preset maximum chief ray angle and a corresponding maximum projection angle, a light-emitting position on the light-emitting surface 100 of the light source 10, which is farthest from the origin O, corresponds to the maximum chief ray angle of the projection lens 12, light entering the projection lens 12 along the maximum chief ray angle is correspondingly projected along the direction of the maximum projection angle, and light entering from the incident end of the projection lens 12 in a direction exceeding the maximum chief ray angle of the projection lens 12 cannot be projected.
In some embodiments, the maximum chief ray angle of the projection lens 12 ranges from 15 degrees to 40 degrees, and may be, for example, 20 degrees, 30 degrees, 35 degrees, and the like. The maximum projection angle of the projection lens 12 ranges from 60 degrees to 120 degrees, and may be, for example, 70 degrees, 80 degrees, 92 degrees, and the like.
It can be understood that the angle variation curve of the chief ray of the projection lens 12 shown in fig. 5 is used to illustrate the variation trend of the chief ray angle of the projection lens 12 corresponding to different positions on the light emitting surface 100 of the light source 10, and in practical applications, the angle variation curve of the chief ray of the projection lens 12 will change with the change of specific parameters of the projection optical system, which is not limited in the present application.
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the light emitting units 102 at different positions on the substrate 101 emit sensing light beams along different emission directions S, respectively, where the emission directions S of the light emitting units 102 are respectively corresponding to the main ray angles of the projection lens 12 at the light emitting units 102
Matching is performed, so that the sensing light beam emitted by the light emitting unit 102 can have a better projection effect to improve the accuracy of 3D sensing. The emission direction S of the light emitting unit 102 corresponds to the chief ray angle
The matching is defined as the emission direction S of the light-emitting unit 102 and the corresponding chief ray angle of the projection lens 12 at the light-emitting unit 102
The deviation error therebetween is smaller than a preset angle value, such as: less than 10 degrees, 5 degrees, or 3 degrees.
As shown in fig. 7, in some embodiments, the light emitting unit 102 includes a vertical cavity surface emitting laser structure 103(VCSEL structure 103), and the VCSEL structure 103 includes a first electrode layer 104, a plurality of first reflective layers 105, an active layer 106, a plurality of second reflective layers 107, and a second electrode layer 108, which are sequentially stacked from the light emitting side of the light emitting unit 102 to the bottom. The active layer 106 has one or more quantum well structures that generate electrons and holes under excitation of an electric field applied to the first electrode layer 104 and the second electrode layer 108, and the electrons and holes combine to emit light. An optical resonant cavity is formed between the first reflective layers 105 and the second reflective layers 107, light generated by the active layer 106 is reflected back and forth between the first reflective layers 105 and the second reflective layers 107 for multiple times to form a resonance effect, so that the energy of the light is amplified, and finally, a part meeting a preset emergent condition is led out towards the first electrode layer 104 to form the sensing light beam for projection.
The first reflective layer 105, the active layer 106, and the second reflective layer 107 of the light emitting unit 102 are disposed in parallel, and a direction in which light generated in the first reflective layer 105, the active layer 106, and the second reflective layer 107 is guided out of the optical resonant cavity is perpendicular to the first reflective layer 105 and the second reflective layer 107. It is understood that although the light beam emitted by the VCSEL structure 103 has a good directivity, it still has a certain divergence angle, so the light direction guided out of the optical resonant cavity of the VCSEL structure 103 in the present specification refers to the main light direction M having the maximum luminous intensity in the guided light beam.
In some embodiments, the first electrode layer 104 is made of a transparent conductive material, and the first reflective layer 105,Light generated in the active layer 106 and the second reflective layer 107 is guided out of the optical resonant cavity and then emitted through the first electrode layer 104 to form the sensing beam. The first electrode layer 104 of each light emitting unit 102 has a corresponding light guiding shape according to the emitting direction S of the light emitting unit 102, so as to adjust the guiding direction M of the light from the optical resonant cavity to the emitting direction S of the sensing light beam, where the emitting direction S is equal to the corresponding chief ray angle of the projection lens 12 at the light emitting unit 102
And (6) matching.
It can be understood that the projection lens 12 has different chief ray angles corresponding to the light emitting units 102 with different distribution positions on the light source 10 respectively
To correspond to the corresponding chief ray angle
In the matching, the emission directions S of the sensing light beams of the light emitting units 102 at different positions are different, and the specific parameters of the light guiding shape of the corresponding first electrode layer 104 are different accordingly.
As shown in fig. 8, the light guiding shape of the first electrode layer 104 may be spherical, aspherical, or wedge-shaped, which is not limited in the present application as long as the principal ray direction M of the light guided out from the optical resonant cavity can be adjusted to the emission direction S corresponding to the sensing light beam.
As shown in fig. 9, in some other embodiments, the first electrode layer 104 of the light emitting unit 102 has a light exit hole 1040, and the light emitting unit 102 further includes a microlens 109 disposed corresponding to the light exit hole 1040. The light generated in the first reflective layer 105, the active layer 106 and the second reflective layer 107 is guided out of the optical resonant cavity, passes through the light exit hole 1040 and is adjusted by the corresponding microlens 109 to be emitted again, so as to form the sensing beam. The emitting direction S and the emitting direction S of the sensing beam adjusted by the micro-lens 109The corresponding chief ray angle of the projection lens 12 at the light-emitting unit 102
And (6) matching.
It can be understood that the projection lens 12 has different chief ray angles corresponding to the light emitting units 102 with different distribution positions on the light source 10 respectively
To correspond to the corresponding chief ray angle
In the matching, the emission directions S of the sensing light beams of the light emitting units 102 at different positions are different, and the specific optical parameters of the corresponding microlenses 109 are different accordingly. The shape of the microlens 109 may be a spherical surface, an aspherical surface, a wedge, etc., and the present application is not limited thereto, as long as the principal ray direction M of the light guided out from the optical resonant cavity can be adjusted to the emission direction S corresponding to the sensing light beam.
As shown in fig. 9, in some embodiments, the microlenses 109 can be disposed in the corresponding light exit holes 1040, for example: the VCSEL structure 103 is fabricated using semiconductor-related processes. In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 10, the micro-lens 109 may be disposed above the corresponding light exit hole 1040.
As shown in fig. 11, in some embodiments, the light source 10 may further include an optical modulation layer 110, the optical modulation layer 110 being disposed over the light exit side of the light emitting unit 102. The light emitting units 102 corresponding to different positions on the optical modulation layer 110 are respectively provided with an optical modulation structure 112 to adjust the emission direction S of the sensing light beam emitted by the light emitting unit 102 to a chief ray angle corresponding to the projection lens 12 at the light emitting unit 102
And (6) matching. The optical modulation layer 110 may be attached to a substrate on which a light emitting unit is formed102 on the light emitting surface 100 of the substrate 101, the optical modulation layer 110 may also be disposed at a distance from the light emitting surface 100 of the substrate 101 so as to maintain a predetermined distance from the light emitting unit 102, which is not particularly limited in this application, as long as the optical modulation layer 110 can perform the function of correspondingly adjusting the emitting direction S of the sensing light beams emitted by the light emitting units 102 at different positions.
The optical modulation layer 110 is made of a light-transmissive material and may include a substrate 111 and the optical modulation structure 112 formed on the substrate 111. It can be understood that the projection lens 12 has different angles of the principal ray corresponding to the light emitting units 102 with different distribution positions on the light source 10 respectively
To correspond to the angle of the chief ray
In this way, the sensing light beam emitting directions S of the light emitting units 102 at different positions are different, and the specific parameters of the corresponding optical modulation structures 112 are different accordingly. The shape of the optical modulation structure 112 may be a spherical shape, an aspherical shape, a wedge shape, etc., and the present application is not limited thereto, as long as the principal ray direction M of the light ray guided out from the optical resonant cavity can be adjusted to the emission direction S corresponding to the sensing light beam.
In the above-described embodiments shown in fig. 3 to 11, the VCSEL structures 103 of the light emitting units 102 are all formed layer by layer in the vertical direction. The first reflective layer 105, the active layer 106, and the second reflective layer 107 of the light emitting unit 102 are parallel to the light emitting surface 100 of the substrate 101. Correspondingly, the direction M in which the light generated in the first reflective layer 105, the active layer 106 and the second reflective layer 107 is guided out of the optical resonant cavity is also perpendicular to the light exit surface 100 of the substrate 101. The light rays guided out of the optical resonant cavity need to pass through the first electrode layer 104 with a light guiding shape, the micro lens 109, or the optical modulation structure 112 on the optical modulation layer 110 to be adjusted to the chief ray angle corresponding to the projection lens 12
The matched emission direction S of the sensing light beam.
Referring to fig. 12 and 13, in other embodiments, the VCSEL structures 103 of the light emitting units 102 at different positions are stacked in different directions, and the stacking direction of the VCSEL structures 103 depends on the corresponding chief ray angle of the projection lens 12 at the light emitting unit 102
Is arranged such that the direction of the light rays directed from the optical cavity by the light emitting unit 102 is directly at a chief ray angle corresponding to the projection lens 12
The angle adjustment is not required to be performed by the first electrode layer 104 having the light guiding shape, the microlens 109, or the optical modulation structure 112 of the optical modulation layer 110. Therefore, the light source 10 realizes the angle of the main ray between the emitting direction S and the projection lens 12
And when the matching is carried out, the occupied space of the self-body can be further reduced, and the design of miniaturization and light weight is facilitated.
The first reflective layer 105, the active layer 106 and the second reflective layer 107 of the VCSEL structure 103 are disposed parallel to each other. The first electrode layer 104 is provided with a light exit 1040, and light generated in the first reflective layer 105, the active layer 106 and the second reflective layer 107 is emitted through the light exit 1040 of the first electrode layer 104 and then directly projected onto a target object through the projection lens 12 without angle adjustment. An included angle formed between the active layer 106, the first reflective layer 105, or the second reflective layer 107 of the light emitting unit 102 and the light emitting surface 100 of the substrate 101 is a main ray angle corresponding to the position of the light emitting unit 102 of the projection lens 12
The setting is performed.
Specifically, since the direction of the light guided out from the optical resonant cavity of the light emitting unit 102 is perpendicular to the active layer 106, the first reflective layer 105, and the second reflective layer 107 of the light emitting unit 102, an included angle α formed between the active layer 106, the first reflective layer 105, or the second reflective layer 107 of the light emitting unit 102 and the light emitting surface 100 of the substrate 101 is equal to the direction of the light guided out from the optical resonant cavity and a normal AA of the light emitting surface 100 of the substrate 101、The included angle beta therebetween, and the normal AA of the light-emitting surface 100 of the substrate 101、Which in turn coincides with the direction of the optical axis of the projection lens 12. Therefore, when the active layer 106, the first reflective layer 105, or the second reflective layer 107 of the light emitting unit 102 forms an included angle α with the light emitting surface 100 of the substrate 101, and the corresponding chief ray angle of the projection lens 12 is formed at the included angle α
When matching, for example: the two angles are equal to each other or the deviation error between the two angles is smaller than a preset angle value, that is, the emission direction S of the sensing light beam of the light emitting unit 102 and the chief ray angle at which the projection lens 12 is located can be made to be equal to each other
And realizing matching.
It is understood that, in some embodiments, the base 101 is a semiconductor substrate, and the light emitting unit 102 may be directly fabricated on the base 101 through a semiconductor process. In other embodiments, the substrate 101 may also be a circuit board, and the light emitting unit 102 is a light emitting chip electrically connected to a circuit trace of the substrate 101.
Compared with the prior art, the light source 10, the emission module 1, the optical sensing device 3 and the electronic device 4 provided by the application can save a diffraction optical element with extremely high cost while keeping better projection quality by matching the emission direction S of the sensing light beam emitted by the light source 10 with the main ray angle corresponding to the projection lens 12, so that the volume is smaller, the light and thin design of the electronic device 4 is facilitated, and the cost of devices is further reduced.
In the description herein, references to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "certain embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not to be construed as limiting the present application, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present application are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A light source is used for emitting sensing light beams and projecting the sensing light beams to a detected target object through a projection lens arranged on the light emitting side of the light source for optical sensing, and the light source comprises a substrate and a plurality of light emitting units formed on the substrate, wherein the light emitting units at different positions on the substrate respectively emit the sensing light beams along different emission directions, and the emission directions of the light emitting units are respectively matched with the corresponding main ray angles of the projection lens at the light emitting units.
2. The light source of claim 1, wherein the light emitting unit comprises a VCSEL structure, the VCSEL structure comprises a first electrode layer, a plurality of first reflective layers, an active layer, a plurality of second reflective layers and a second electrode layer, the first electrode layer, the plurality of first reflective layers, the active layer, the plurality of second reflective layers and the second electrode layer are sequentially stacked from a light emitting side of the light emitting unit to a lower side, and a portion, meeting a preset exit condition, of light rays generated by the active layer after being excited between the first reflective layers and the second reflective layers is reflected back and forth for a plurality of times is guided out towards the first electrode layer to form the sensing light beam for projection.
3. The light source according to claim 2, wherein the first electrode layer is made of a transparent conductive material, light generated in the first reflective layer, the active layer and the second reflective layer is emitted through the first electrode layer to form the sensing light beam, and the first electrode layer of each of the light emitting units has a corresponding light guiding shape according to an emission direction of the light emitting unit, so that the emission direction of the sensing light beam emitted through the first electrode layer is matched with a corresponding chief ray angle of the projection lens at the light emitting unit.
4. The light source according to claim 2, wherein the first electrode layer has a light exit hole, the light emitting unit further includes a micro lens disposed corresponding to the light exit hole, light generated in the first reflective layer, the active layer, and the second reflective layer passes through the light exit hole and is adjusted by the corresponding micro lens to be emitted out to form the sensing light beam, and an emission direction of the sensing light beam adjusted by the micro lens is matched with a chief ray angle corresponding to a position of the projection lens at the light emitting unit.
5. A light source according to claim 2, further comprising an optical modulation layer disposed above the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit, wherein the light-emitting units corresponding to different positions on the optical modulation layer are respectively provided with optical modulation structures to adjust the emission direction of the sensing light beam emitted by the light-emitting unit to match the corresponding chief ray angle of the projection lens at the light-emitting unit.
6. The light source according to any one of claims 3-5, wherein the substrate comprises a light emitting surface facing the projection lens, and the first reflective layer, the active layer and the second reflective layer of the light emitting unit are disposed parallel to each other and parallel to the light emitting surface of the substrate respectively.
7. The light source according to claim 2, wherein the substrate includes a light emitting surface facing the projection lens, the first reflective layer, the active layer, and the second reflective layer of the light emitting unit are disposed in parallel, the first electrode layer is disposed with a light emitting hole, the light emitting unit emits a sensing light beam generated by the first reflective layer, the active layer, and the second reflective layer through the light emitting hole and then directly projects the sensing light beam onto the target object through the projection lens, and an included angle formed between the active layer, the first reflective layer, or the second reflective layer of the light emitting unit and the light emitting surface of the substrate is set according to a corresponding chief ray angle of the projection lens at the light emitting unit, so that an emission direction of the light emitting unit is matched with the corresponding chief ray angle of the projection lens at the light emitting unit.
8. An emission module, comprising the light source according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and a projection lens disposed at the light exit side of the light source, wherein the plurality of light emitting units on the light source are distributed according to a predetermined pattern to emit a sensing beam with a predetermined pattern, and the projection lens is configured to project the sensing beam onto a target object to be measured to form a light spot with a predetermined pattern.
9. An optical sensing device, comprising a receiving module and the transmitting module as claimed in any one of claims 8, wherein the receiving module is configured to sense a light spot image having a predetermined pattern projected on a target object by the transmitting module, and acquire three-dimensional information of the target object by analyzing the light spot image.
10. An electronic device, comprising the optical sensing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the optical sensing apparatus is configured to sense three-dimensional information of a face of a target object, and the electronic device is configured to perform identity recognition on the target object according to a recognition result of the optical sensing apparatus.
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| CN2020112111994 | 2020-11-03 | ||
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Application publication date: 20210507 |