Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an antenna multiplexing system and a terminal, which are used for improving the bandwidth and efficiency of an antenna on the basis of saving layout space.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna multiplexing system, including an antenna body, a first antenna matching path, a second antenna matching path, a switching module and a control module, where the resonant frequencies of the first antenna matching path and the second antenna matching path are different, and the control module is connected with the switching module, where the antenna body includes an antenna radiation branch and a coupling parasitic unit, the coupling parasitic unit is connected with the first antenna matching path through the switching module, the antenna radiation branch is connected with the second antenna matching path, and the coupling parasitic unit and the antenna radiation branch are mutually coupled through a first gap between them to generate resonance.
Further, the first antenna matching path includes a variable capacitor, a first matching circuit, and a first feed point connected to the first matching circuit.
Further, one end of the variable capacitor is connected with the switching module, the other end of the variable capacitor is connected with the first matching circuit, and the variable capacitor is used for tuning the resonant frequency.
Further, the second antenna matching path includes a second matching circuit and a second feeding point connected to the second matching circuit.
Further, the antenna radiation branch is provided with a second slit.
Further, the width of the first slot, the width of the second slot, the length of the antenna radiating stub, and the length of the coupling parasitic element all support adjustment.
Further, the width of the first gap is larger than 0.3 millimeter, and the length of the coupling parasitic element is 1/4 times of the wavelength.
Further, the antenna switching device further comprises at least two grounded antenna matching paths, wherein the grounded antenna matching paths are connected with the switching module, and a matching circuit in the grounded antenna matching paths supports adjustment.
Further, the resonant frequency of the first antenna matching path is 3.2GHz-5GHz, the resonant frequency of the second antenna matching path is 0.7GHz-2.7GHz, and the switching module is a switch comprising at least four channels.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal configured with the antenna multiplexing system as described above.
The embodiment of the application provides an antenna multiplexing system and a terminal, wherein a first antenna matching passage in the antenna multiplexing system is connected with a coupling parasitic unit through a switching module, the coupling parasitic unit is a branch in an antenna body corresponding to a second antenna matching passage, an antenna radiation branch in the antenna body is connected with the second antenna matching passage, when a control module is used for communicating the first antenna matching passage through controlling the switching module, the resonant frequency of the first antenna matching passage can be generated, the resonant frequencies of the first antenna matching passage and the second antenna matching passage are different, the multiplexing of antennas is realized, the requirement of various resonant frequencies on the number of antennas is met on the premise of not sacrificing the antenna efficiency, and the bandwidth and the efficiency of the antennas are improved on the basis of saving layout space.
Detailed Description
The application is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present application are shown in the drawings.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna multiplexing system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the antenna multiplexing system specifically may include an antenna body, a first antenna matching path 11, a second antenna matching path 12, a switching module 13, and a control module (not shown in the figure), where the first antenna matching path 11 and the second antenna matching path 12 have different resonant frequencies, and the control module is connected to the switching module 13, and the antenna body includes an antenna radiating branch 14 and a coupling parasitic unit 15, where the coupling parasitic unit 15 is connected to the first antenna matching path 11 through the switching module 13, and the antenna radiating branch 14 is connected to the second antenna matching path 12, and the coupling parasitic unit 15 and the antenna radiating branch 14 are mutually coupled to generate resonance through a first gap 16 therebetween.
The antenna body may be a 2G/3G/4G antenna, that is, the resonant frequency of the second antenna matching path 12 connected to the antenna radiating branch 14 in the antenna body is 0.7GHz-2.7GHz, and may cover a 2G/3G/4G frequency band, for example, the 4G frequency band may include LTE B40 and B41, where the resonant frequency of B40 is 2.3GHz-2.4GHz, and the resonant frequency of B41 is 2.5GHz-2.7GHz.
Further, the second antenna matching path 12 may include a second matching circuit 121 and a second feeding point 122 connected to the second matching circuit 121. The second feeding point 122 may be a 2G/3G/4G feeding point, corresponding to a 2G/3G/4G frequency band. The antenna radiation branch 14 in the antenna body is connected with the second feed point 122 through the second matching circuit 121, the antenna radiation branch 14 can generate low-frequency resonance with the resonance frequency of 700MHz-960MHz and intermediate-frequency resonance with the resonance frequency of 1710MHz-2200MH based on the structure of the antenna radiation branch 14, the coupling parasitic unit 15 and the antenna radiation branch 14 are mutually coupled through the first gap 16, and 2G/3G/4G high-frequency resonance with the resonance frequency of 2.3GHz-2.7GHz can be generated, so that the resonance frequency of the antenna can cover low, medium and high frequency points of 2G/3G/4G frequency bands.
Further, the first antenna matching path 11 may include a variable capacitor 111, a first matching circuit 112, and a first feeding point 113 connected to the first matching circuit 112. The first feeding point 113 may be a 5G feeding point, corresponding to a 5G frequency band. One end of the variable capacitor 111 is connected to the switching module 13, the other end of the variable capacitor 111 is connected to the first matching circuit 112, and the variable capacitor 111 is used to tune the resonance frequency. The connection line between the variable capacitor 111 and the switching module 13 and the connection line between the variable capacitor 111 and the first matching circuit 112 may be set as a set impedance control line, and the set impedance may be set according to actual conditions, for example, the set impedance may be 50 ohm impedance. The type of the variable capacitor 111 is not limited in this embodiment, and may be set according to actual conditions.
The resonance frequency of the first antenna matching path 11 is 3.2GHz-5GHz, i.e. the first antenna matching path 11 corresponds to a 5G frequency band, e.g. the 5G frequency band may comprise n77, n78 and n79, the resonance frequency of n77 is 3.3GHz-4.2GHz, the resonance frequency of n78 is 3.3GHz-3.8GHz, and the resonance frequency of n79 is 4.4GHz-5GHz. The variable capacitor 111 may tune the resonance frequency of the 5G band.
The coupling parasitic unit 15 is connected with the first antenna matching path 11 through the switching module 13, and when the switching module 13 communicates the first antenna matching path 11, a resonance frequency covering the 5G frequency band can be generated, so as to realize the design of the 5G antenna.
The control module can be arranged on a printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB), and the resonant frequency of the antenna multiplexing system can be controlled to be 2G/3G/4G or 5G frequency bands through the switching module 13. The printed circuit board also comprises a 2/3/4/5G transmitting and receiving circuit module.
Further, the antenna multiplexing system further comprises at least two grounded antenna matching paths, the grounded antenna matching paths are connected with the switching module 13, and a matching circuit in the grounded antenna matching paths supports adjustment. In fig. 2, taking the example of the antenna multiplexing system including two grounded antenna matching paths, the antenna multiplexing system includes a third antenna matching path 18 and a fourth antenna matching path 19, where the third antenna matching path 18 and the fourth antenna matching path 19 are connected to the switching module 13.
The switching module 13 is a control switch including at least four channels, and in fig. 2, the switch including four channels is taken as an example, that is, the switching module 13 may be a Single-pole 4-Throw, SP4T switch in the drawing. A first channel in the switching module 13 is connected to the coupling parasitic element 15, a second channel is connected to the first antenna matching path 11, a third channel is connected to the third antenna matching path 18, and a fourth channel is connected to the fourth antenna matching path 19.
When the switching module 13 selects the first and third channels to be turned on, or the first and fourth channels to be turned on, the coupling parasitic element 15 and the antenna radiating stub 14 are coupled to each other through the first slit 16 therebetween, and by adjusting the inductance or capacitance of the matching circuit in the third antenna matching path 18 or the fourth antenna matching path 19, 2G/3G/4G high-frequency resonance with a resonance frequency of 2.3GHz-2.7GHz can be generated.
When the switching module 13 selects the first channel, the second channel, and the third channel, or the first channel, the second channel, and the fourth channel are turned on, resonance with a resonance frequency covering the 5G frequency band may be generated. And by setting the variable capacitor 111, the voltage of the variable capacitor 111 can be used for calling a proper voltage value from a preset register to form a tuning capacitor, so that the antenna resonance mode of the 5G frequency band can be improved, and the tuning amplitude is larger.
The third antenna matching path 18 and the fourth antenna matching path 19 have the same structure, but when the channels on which the switching module 13 is turned on are different, the values of the inductance or the capacitance in the matching circuit are different. When the resonant frequency of the antenna is 2G/3G/4G frequency band, if the switching module 13 selects the first channel and the third channel to be connected, the value of the inductance or the capacitance in the matching circuit in the third antenna matching channel 18 corresponds to 2G/3G/4G frequency band, and if the switching module 13 selects the first channel and the fourth channel to be connected, the value of the inductance or the capacitance in the matching circuit in the fourth antenna matching channel 19 corresponds to 2G/3G/4G frequency band. When the resonant frequency of the antenna is 5G frequency band, if the switching module 13 selects the first channel, the second channel and the third channel to be connected, the value of the inductance or the capacitance in the matching circuit in the third antenna matching path 18 corresponds to 5G frequency band, and if the switching module 13 selects the first channel, the second channel and the fourth channel to be connected, the value of the inductance or the capacitance in the matching circuit in the fourth antenna matching path 19 corresponds to 5G frequency band.
In this embodiment, the performance of the antenna in the 2G/3G/4G frequency band and the 5G frequency band can be optimized by adjusting the first matching circuit 112 in the first antenna matching path 11, the second matching circuit 121 in the second antenna matching path 12, and the matching circuits in the two grounded antenna matching paths.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, a second slot 17 is provided in the antenna radiating stub 14. The width of the first slot 16 between the coupling parasitic element 15 and the antenna radiating stub 14, the width of the second slot 17, the length of the antenna radiating stub 14 and the length of the coupling parasitic element 15 all support adjustment to further optimize the performance of the antenna in the 2G/3G/4G frequency band and the 5G frequency band. The width of the first slit 16 may be greater than 0.3 mm, and the length of the coupling parasitic element 15 may be 1/4 times the wavelength, where the wavelength passes the formulaThe antenna is obtained, wherein lambda represents wavelength, C represents light velocity in vacuum, the light velocity is 3 x 10 x 8m/s, F represents resonant frequency, F is between 2300MHz and 2700MHz, and epsilon is relative dielectric constant between antennas. A portion of the antenna radiating stub 14 is also grounded.
The adjustment process for optimizing the antenna performance may include a first step of calculating lengths of the antenna radiating branches 14 and the coupling parasitic unit 15, where lengths of two branches of the antenna radiating branches 14 in the 2G/3G/4G antenna body are respectively a size of 1/4 wavelength of a low-band bandwidth center frequency point and a size of 1/4 wavelength of a mid-band bandwidth center frequency point, and lengths of the coupling parasitic unit 15 are respectively a size of 1/4 wavelength of a high-band bandwidth center frequency point. And secondly, according to the return loss of the antenna, adjusting the length of the antenna radiation branch 14, the width of a second gap 17 between branches of the antenna radiation branch, the width of a first gap 16 between the coupling parasitic unit 15 and the antenna radiation branch 14, and adjusting a matching circuit in a fourth antenna matching path 19 (or a third matching path 18) to optimize the performance of the antenna in a 2G/3G/4G frequency band. Third, the performance of the antenna in the 5G band is optimized by adjusting the first matching circuit 112 in the first antenna matching path 11. Fourth, by adjusting the matching circuit in the third antenna matching path 18 (or the fourth matching path 19), the antenna form of the antenna in the 5G frequency band can be optimized or changed, and the monopole antenna (Monopole Antenna) is replaced by the inverted-F antenna (Inverted-F antenna, IFA) to realize the performance optimization.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of return loss of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, which shows that the resonant frequency of the antenna can cover 2G/3G/4G frequency bands, and the resonant frequencies of 7 points indicated by arrows in the figure are 824.00MHz, 896.0MHz, 960.0MHz, 1.71GHz, 2.17GHz, 2.30GHz and 2.69GHz in order.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another return loss of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, where the resonant frequency of the antenna can cover a 5G frequency band on the basis of that shown in fig. 3, and the resonant frequencies of two points indicated by arrows in the figure are 4.4GHz and 5.0GHz in sequence.
In this embodiment, the antenna matching path of the 5G frequency band is connected to one branch (i.e., the coupling parasitic unit 15) of the 2G/3G/4G antenna, so as to implement antenna multiplexing according to different resonant frequencies of the 5G antenna and the 2G/3G/4G antenna, and on the premise of not sacrificing antenna efficiency, the requirements of the 5G antenna and the 2G/3G/4G antenna on the number of antennas can be met, and on the other hand, layout space can be saved, and the design requirements of terminal products can be met, so that the product has competitiveness in the market.
According to the technical scheme, a first antenna matching passage in the antenna multiplexing system is connected with a coupling parasitic unit through a switching module, the coupling parasitic unit is one branch in an antenna body corresponding to a second antenna matching passage, an antenna radiation branch in the antenna body is connected with the second antenna matching passage, when the control module is used for communicating the first antenna matching passage through the switching module, the resonant frequency of the first antenna matching passage can be generated, the resonant frequencies of the first antenna matching passage and the second antenna matching passage are different, multiplexing of the antennas is achieved, the requirement of various resonant frequencies on the number of the antennas is met on the premise that the antenna efficiency is not sacrificed, the bandwidth and the efficiency of the antennas are improved on the basis of saving layout space, and in the embodiment, the antenna resonant mode of a 5G frequency band can be improved through the arrangement of a variable capacitor, the tuning amplitude is larger, the design difficulty is further reduced, and the dependence of the antennas on the mobile phone space is reduced.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the terminal is configured with the antenna multiplexing system according to the above embodiment. In this embodiment, the terminal may be a mobile terminal.
Referring to fig. 5, the antenna radiating stub 14 is connected to a 2G/3G/4G receiving and transmitting circuit on the printed circuit board 22 through a second antenna matching path 12, the coupling parasitic element 15 is connected to a first antenna matching path 11 through a switching module 13, and the first antenna matching path 11 is connected to a 5G receiving and transmitting circuit and a main ground on the printed circuit board 22. The height of the antenna clearance 21 is not limited in the drawings, and may be set according to actual conditions. The resonance frequency of the first antenna matching path 11 is 3.2GHz-5GHz, namely, the first antenna matching path 11 corresponds to the 5G frequency band, and the resonance frequency of the second antenna matching path 12 is 0.7GHz-2.7GHz, so that the 2G/3G/4G frequency band can be covered.
The embodiment provides a terminal, and the antenna multiplexing system is configured on the terminal, so that the antenna layout is more reasonable, the requirement of the resonant frequencies of the 2G/3G/4G frequency band and the 5G frequency band on the number of the antennas can be met on the premise that the efficiency of the antennas is not sacrificed, and the bandwidth and the efficiency of the antennas are improved on the basis of saving layout space.
Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the application. Therefore, while the application has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the application is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the application, which is set forth in the following claims.