CN112839209A - A kind of RF passive video monitoring system and monitoring method - Google Patents
A kind of RF passive video monitoring system and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an RF passive video monitoring system and a monitoring method, belonging to the field of video monitoring systems. The system is a passive video monitoring system based on a wireless radio frequency signal function and is connected with an embedded microprocessor through radio frequency energy collection, a WIFI communication module and task coordination scheduling, under the condition that no battery exists and complex wiring is not needed, images are captured through a camera sensor and displayed in a client program. The invention overcomes the defects of short service life of the battery, complex system wiring, difficult installation and the like in practical application and provides convenience for production and life of people; the system has reliable image capturing, transmitting and displaying functions, and can be widely applied to monitoring tasks in multiple fields including extreme conditions; meanwhile, the system provides a solution for passive realization of other complex sensing systems, and opens the door of passive equipment applied in complex sensing directions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of video monitoring systems, relates to application of microelectronic devices in the field of low power consumption, a wireless charging technology and a WIFI (wireless fidelity) communication technology, and particularly relates to an RF (wireless charging) passive video monitoring system and a monitoring method.
Background
In the modern times, the application of sensor technology is very wide, and almost every modern project can not leave various sensors. However, in practical applications, such as factory meter reading, parking lot monitoring and the like, the problem of insufficient energy often limits the exertion of the sensor system, and meanwhile, the monitoring systems in the places are difficult to build and maintain due to complex system wiring. With the rapid development of microelectronic devices in the field of low power consumption and the increasing popularization of wireless charging technology, the passive system provides a new idea for solving the problems, overcomes the defects of short service life of the traditional battery, difficult system wiring and the like, and has the advantages of simplicity in installation, low manufacturing cost, low maintenance cost and the like.
The wireless radio frequency signal is an ideal signal of a passive system and has strong universality, but the application of the physical characteristics of the wireless radio frequency signal is far from sufficient in the field of magnetic card identification. When high-frequency radio waves (radio frequency signals) are transmitted to a receiving antenna, the high-frequency radio waves can cause the antenna to generate potential difference change, and the potential difference can enable charge carriers on the antenna to continuously move so as to obtain the balance of an internal electric field, and further generate current.
Based on the principle, the passive video monitoring system converts a wireless radio frequency signal into an electric signal and stores the electric signal in an onboard super capacitor to supply power to each device in the passive sensor system, so that the defects of short service life of a battery and complex system wiring and difficult installation in the practical application of the traditional equipment are overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of high investment, short service life of a battery, complex wiring and high maintenance requirement of the traditional modern monitoring system in practical application, the invention provides an RF passive video monitoring system which is a set of passive video monitoring system based on a wireless radio frequency signal function and is connected through a radio frequency energy acquisition module and a WIFI communication module and coordinated with task scheduling by an embedded microprocessor. The RF passive video monitoring system firstly sends an ultrahigh frequency wireless radio frequency signal to the environment through a radio frequency signal emitter, converts the received wireless radio frequency signal into an electric signal and stores the electric signal in an onboard super capacitor to supply power to each device in the system; the system schedules the collection task through the low-power-consumption microprocessor, transmits data into a host under the same local area network by using the WiFi module, processes and processes the data stream in a host program, and finally displays the image on a client program.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an RF passive video monitoring system comprises an energy collection module, a data capture module and a data processing module.
The energy collection module comprises a radio frequency signal transmitter, a radio frequency signal receiver and a super capacitor. The radio frequency signal receiver comprises a receiving antenna, an impedance matching network and an AC-DC converter; the receiving antenna receives radio waves sent by the radio frequency signal transmitter and generates alternating current signals; the impedance matching network is used for matching impedance (the impedance effect on alternating current in a circuit with a resistor, an inductor and a capacitor), so that high-frequency microwave signals can be transmitted to a load point and hardly reflected back to a transmitting point, and the energy utilization rate of the system and the power of the system after input are improved; the AC-DC converter converts the alternating current signal generated on the receiving antenna into stable voltage output through rectification, filtering and voltage stabilization operations (the rectification is to allow the current to pass through the diode only in one direction, but to filter the current below the Y axis of the sine wave, the filtering is to level the wave through a capacitor, and the voltage stabilization is to convert the alternating current signal into stable voltage output, namely direct current, through a voltage stabilizing circuit). The super capacitor stores direct current therein to supply power to the whole system.
The data capturing module comprises an image data collecting module and a data storing and transmitting module. The image data collection module captures image data through a camera sensor; data storage and transmission module include microprocessor and WIFI module, FIFO memory (First Input First Output memory, be used for buffer memory data) of camera sensor carries out serial communication with microprocessor's IO interface, carry out the data interaction, the image data of collecting the camera sensor is kept in to microprocessor's ferroelectric memory FRAM, and pass to the WIFI module from microprocessor, when entire system electric quantity is sufficient, the WIFI module accomplishes the transmission of image data to the host computer end under the same LAN, accomplish whole image data's capture process. The image format of the image data is QCIF format, and YUV color coding is adopted.
The data processing module comprises image data conversion and client display. Converting the image data into a collected binary image data stream through a host terminal, and storing the binary image data stream in a local form of a BMP picture; the client displays the monitoring image picture which is displayed to the user through the client program and is locally stored.
The monitoring method of the monitoring system comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the hardware equipment required by the configuration system comprises a camera sensor, a microprocessor, a WIFI module and a host end.
The configuration camera sensing device is operated as follows: initializing register information of a camera sensor, and setting a monitoring area; the configuration microprocessor is operative to: initializing watchdog, clock and pin configuration of a microprocessor; (ii) a The configuration WIFI module and the host end are specifically operated as follows: initializing network connection, setting a transmission mode to be transparent transmission by sending an AT instruction, configuring a network to enable a host terminal and a WIFI module to be in the same local area network, and then establishing TCP connection with a port set by the host terminal.
Step two: the energy collection module is started, and energy is obtained through the wireless radio frequency signal to charge the system. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the radio frequency signal transmitter transmits a signal;
(2) the radio frequency signal receiver receives a signal transmitted by the radio frequency signal transmitter and converts the signal into direct current through the AC-DC converter;
(3) and the direct current is stored in the super capacitor to charge the system.
Step three: the system determines whether the energy in the supercapacitor capacitor is sufficient to supply the system to complete an imaging task. If the system does not have enough energy, the system enters a low-power-consumption waiting mode, and the energy collection process in the second step is repeated; if the system has stable energy, exiting the low power consumption mode, and executing a subsequent sensing task, wherein the sensing task comprises the following specific steps:
the camera sensor is used as first working equipment of the data capturing module, and under the condition of sufficient electric quantity, the camera sensor continuously receives a clock signal sent by the microprocessor to periodically shoot and acquire image information in a space; the captured image data is converted into binary image data and is transmitted to a ferroelectric memory FRAM; the microprocessor reads image data information stored in the FRAM, communicates through a UART serial port and transmits the image data information to the WIFI module from the UART; and the WIFI module is used for transmitting the image data and uploading the image data to a host terminal under the same local area.
Step four: the host side starts a network debugging assistant tool through a client program, and opens a corresponding port to wait for the WIFI module to be connected through the TCP; meanwhile, a network debugging assistant is configured, the receiving and the turning to a file mode are set, and the received binary image data is stored in a txt file form, so that the subsequent data processing operation is facilitated; and then the WIFI module writes the binary image data stream into a corresponding file through wireless transmission.
Step five: the host converts the txt file in the QCIF image format into the BMP file in the RGB image format and stores the BMP file in the host. The specific transformation steps are as follows:
(1) y, U, V components of each pixel point in the binary image file are read out firstly, and three independent array memories are used for storage for the next conversion operation. The Y, V, U are three characteristic values of YUV picture format; y is a gray scale value, and U and V are chromaticities.
(2) The image data is converted from YUV422 to RGB 565. The specific process is as follows: traversing image data, wherein the number of cycles is half of the number of rows and columns of pixel points respectively through two-layer loop nesting, traversing two pixel points once in a loop body, and processing four-byte data, namely updating U and V once every two times of updating Y; the conversion method is according to the conversion formula:
R＝Y+1.402*(V-128)
G＝Y-0.34414*(U-128)-0.71414*(V-128)
B＝Y+1.772*(U-128)
r, G, B are the red, green and blue channel values of the RGB picture format.
(3) Then, boundary judgment and processing are carried out on the RGB numerical values, and the value of R, G, B is guaranteed to be between 0 and 255; and if the boundary is exceeded, the boundary value is taken to obtain final data, the final data are respectively stored in the r array, the g array and the b array, and the r array, the g array and the b array are combined to obtain final RGB format data.
(4) Converting RGB format data into BMP format files for storage, and specifically comprising the following steps:
a. adding a file header providing information such as file size, format and the like;
b. adding a bitmap information graph representing information such as image size, bit plane number, color index and the like;
c. adding the converted RGB image information character string;
d. forming BMP format file to store.
Step six: after the host end finishes the conversion of the image information and the information storage, a new thread is established after the system starts to circularly detect the size of the txt file, if the file contains a group of complete image information, the image conversion method in the step five is executed, and the BMP image file is generated and stored to a target folder to be displayed; the system user can display corresponding monitoring pictures by clicking corresponding buttons of the client, and can display captured image information through a list, so that review and reference are facilitated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the passive video monitoring system overcomes the defects of short service life of a battery, complex system wiring, difficult installation and the like in practical application, and provides convenience for production and life of people, such as detection of meter readings of inaccessible areas and factories and even monitoring of the allowance of a parking lot. The system has reliable image capturing, transmitting and displaying functions, and can be widely applied to monitoring tasks in multiple fields including extreme conditions. Meanwhile, the system provides a solution for passive realization of other complex sensing systems, and opens the door of passive equipment applied in complex sensing directions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a hierarchical diagram of a passive video surveillance system.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a passive video surveillance system architecture.
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of an energy harvesting module.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a data capture module.
FIG. 5 is a data collection flow diagram for the data processing module.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a passive video monitoring system based on a passive radio frequency signal function includes an energy collection module, a data capture module, and a data processing module.
The energy collection module comprises a radio frequency signal transmitter, a radio frequency signal receiver and a super capacitor. The radio frequency signal receiver includes a receiving antenna, an impedance matching network, and an AC-DC converter. The radio frequency signal emitter emits a signal with a specific frequency, and the radio frequency signal receiver is adopted to collect the signal; the signals are subjected to AC-DC conversion through filtering, rectification and voltage stabilization operation, and are stored in a super capacitor to supply power to the system.
The data capturing module comprises an image data collecting module and a data storing and transmitting module. The image data collection module captures image data through a camera sensor; the data storage and transmission module comprises a microprocessor and a WIFI module, an FIFO Memory (First Input First Output Memory) of the camera sensor is in serial port communication with an IO interface of the microprocessor, data interaction is carried out, image data collected by the camera sensor is temporarily stored in a ferroelectric Memory FRAM (ferroelectric Random Access Memory) of the microprocessor and is transmitted to the WIFI module from the microprocessor, and when the electric quantity of the whole system is sufficient, the WIFI module completes transmission of the image data to a host side under the same local area network, and the whole image data capturing process is completed. The image format of the image data is QCIF format, and YUV color coding is adopted.
The data processing module comprises image data conversion and client display. The image data conversion converts the received YUV color coded image into an RGB color coded image, and converts the collected RGB binary image data stream into a BMP picture format to be stored locally; and the client displays a monitoring image picture which is locally stored and displayed to a user by using a client program.
A monitoring method of an RF passive video monitoring system comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: hardware devices required for configuring the system include a camera sensor (OV7670), a microprocessor (MSP430), a WIFI module (ESP8266) and a host computer (PC).
The camera sensor (OV7670) is a VGA camera sensor, which comprises a photosensitive array module with 656 × 488 pixels, namely, 30W effective pixels, and a plurality of timing generators with steps, frame rate timing, an internal signal generator, automatic exposure control, external timing output and the like in the system.
The microprocessor (MSP430) is a component with dual supply voltage devices, ultra low power operation, flexible power management system and unified clock system.
The WIFI module (ESP8266) is a low-power-consumption and high-integration WIFI chip; the minimum system only needs 7 components, and has an ultra-wide working range from-40 ℃ to 125 ℃, 8Mb flash memory is attached in the system, and three operation modes are provided: the active mode, the sleep mode and the deep sleep mode are suitable for an ultra-low power consumption system.
The configuration camera sensing device is operated as follows: initializing register information of a camera sensor and setting a monitoring area. The configuration microprocessor is operative to: a watchdog (a timer circuit that periodically checks the internal conditions of the chip to prevent program dead cycles), clock and pin configuration of the microprocessor is initialized. The configuration WIFI module and the host end are specifically operated as follows: initializing network connection, setting a transmission mode to be transparent transmission by sending an AT instruction, configuring a network to enable a host terminal and a WIFI module to be in the same local area network, and then establishing TCP connection with a port set by the host terminal.
Step two: the energy collection module is started, and energy is obtained through the wireless radio frequency signal to charge the system. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) a TX91501 radio frequency signal transmitter transmits signals of an ISM frequency band of 915 MHz;
(2) the P2110-EVB receiver receives signals transmitted by the radio frequency signal transmitter and converts the signals into direct current of about 3V;
(3) the direct current is stored in a super capacitor with 5.5V and 50mF, and the system is charged.
In the charging process, the microprocessor is in an LPM3 mode (LPM3, low-power micro controller for the same) in which a CPU and a DCO (Digital-controlled oscillator, which is mainly responsible for outputting an oscillating waveform with a variable frequency) do not work (i.e., the microprocessor is in a low power consumption mode).
Step three: the system determines whether the energy in the supercapacitor capacitor is sufficient to supply the system to complete an imaging task. If the system does not have enough energy, the system enters a low-power-consumption waiting mode, and the energy collection process in the second step is repeated; and if the system has stable energy, exiting the low power consumption mode and executing subsequent sensing tasks. The sensing task comprises the following specific steps:
the camera sensor is used as first working equipment of the data capturing module, and under the condition of sufficient electric quantity, the camera sensor can continuously receive a clock signal sent by the microprocessor to periodically shoot and acquire image information in a space; the captured image data is converted into binary image data and is transmitted to a ferroelectric memory FRAM; the microprocessor reads image data information stored in the FRAM, communicates through a UART serial port and transmits the image data information to the WIFI module from the UART; and the WIFI module is used for transmitting the image data and uploading the image data to a host terminal under the same local area.
Step four: the host side starts a network debugging assistant tool through a client program, and opens an 8080 port to wait for the WIFI module to be connected through TCP; meanwhile, a network debugging assistant is configured, the receiving and the turning to a file mode are set, and the received binary image data is stored in a txt file form, so that the subsequent data processing operation is facilitated; and then the WIFI module writes the binary image data stream into a corresponding file through wireless transmission.
Step five: the host converts the txt file in the QCIF image format into the BMP file in the RGB image format and stores the BMP file in the host. The specific transformation steps are as follows:
(1) y, U, V components of each pixel point in the binary image file are read out firstly, and three independent array memories are used for storage for the next conversion operation. The Y, V, U are three characteristic values of YUV picture format; y is a gray scale value, and U and V are chromaticities.
(2) The image data is converted from YUV422 (a data format of YUV color coding) to RGB565 (a data format of RGB color coding). The specific process is as follows: traversing image data, wherein the number of cycles is half of the number of rows and columns of pixel points respectively through two-layer loop nesting, traversing two pixel points once in a loop body, and processing four-byte data, namely updating U and V once every two times of updating Y; the conversion method is according to the conversion formula:
R＝Y+1.402*(V-128)
G＝Y-0.34414*(U-128)-0.71414*(V-128)
B＝Y+1.772*(U-128)
r, G, B are the red, green and blue channel values of the RGB picture format.
(3) Then, boundary judgment and processing are carried out on the RGB numerical values, and the value of R, G, B is guaranteed to be between 0 and 255; and if the boundary is exceeded, the boundary value is taken to obtain final data, the final data are respectively stored in the r array, the g array and the b array, and the r array, the g array and the b array are combined to obtain final RGB format data.
(4) Converting RGB format data into BMP format files for storage, and specifically comprising the following steps:
a. adding a file header providing information such as file size, format and the like;
b. adding a bitmap information graph representing information such as image size, bit plane number, color index and the like;
c. adding the converted RGB image information character string;
d. forming BMP format file to store.
Step six: after the host end finishes the conversion of the image information and the information storage, a new thread is established after the system starts to circularly detect the size of the txt file, if the file contains a group of complete image information, the image conversion method in the step five is executed, and the BMP image file is generated and stored to a target folder to be displayed; the system user can display corresponding monitoring pictures by clicking corresponding buttons of the client, and can display captured image information through a list, so that review and reference are facilitated.
Claims (3)
1. An RF passive video monitoring system is characterized by comprising an energy collection module, a data capture module and a data processing module;
the energy collection module comprises a radio frequency signal transmitter, a radio frequency signal receiver and a super capacitor; the radio frequency signal receiver comprises a receiving antenna, an impedance matching network and an AC-DC converter; the receiving antenna receives radio waves sent by the radio frequency signal transmitter and generates alternating current signals, the impedance matching network performs impedance matching, and the AC-DC converter converts the alternating current signals generated on the receiving antenna into direct current through rectification, filtering and voltage stabilization operations; the super capacitor stores direct current therein to supply power to the whole system;
the data capturing module comprises an image data collecting module and a data storing and transmitting module; the image data collection module captures image data through a camera sensor; the data storage and transmission module comprises a microprocessor and a WIFI module, an FIFO memory of the camera sensor is in serial port communication with an IO interface of the microprocessor for data interaction, image data collected by the camera sensor is temporarily stored in a ferroelectric memory FRAM of the microprocessor and transmitted to the WIFI module from the microprocessor, and when the electric quantity of the whole system is sufficient, the WIFI module completes transmission of the image data to a host end under the same local area network, and the whole image data capturing process is completed; the image format of the image data is QCIF format, and YUV color coding is adopted;
the data processing module comprises image data conversion and client display; converting the image data into a collected binary image data stream through a host terminal, and storing the binary image data stream in a local form of a BMP picture; the client displays the monitoring image picture which is displayed to the user through the client program and is locally stored.
2. The method of monitoring of an RF passive video monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: configuring hardware equipment required by the system, wherein the hardware equipment comprises a camera sensor, a microprocessor, a WIFI module and a host end;
the configuration camera sensor specifically comprises: initializing register information of a camera sensor, and setting a monitoring area; the configuration microprocessor specifically comprises: initializing watchdog, clock and pin configuration of a microprocessor; the configuration of the WIFI module and the host terminal specifically comprises the following steps: initializing network connection, setting a transmission mode to be transparent transmission by sending an AT instruction, configuring a network to enable a host terminal and a WIFI module to be in the same local area network, and then establishing TCP connection with a port set by the host terminal;
step two: the energy collection module is started, and energy is obtained through a wireless radio frequency signal to charge the system; the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the radio frequency signal transmitter transmits a signal;
(2) the radio frequency signal receiver receives a signal transmitted by the radio frequency signal transmitter and converts the signal into direct current through the AC-DC converter;
(3) the direct current is stored in a super capacitor to charge a system;
step three: the system judges whether the energy in the super capacitor is enough to supply the system to complete a primary imaging task; if the system does not have enough energy, entering a low-power-consumption waiting mode, and repeating the energy collection process of the second step; if the system has stable energy, exiting the low power consumption mode and executing a subsequent sensing task;
the sensing task comprises the following specific steps:
the camera sensor is used as first working equipment of the data capturing module, and under the condition of sufficient electric quantity, the camera sensor continuously receives a clock signal sent by the microprocessor to periodically shoot and collect image information in a space; the captured image data is converted into binary image data and is transmitted to a ferroelectric memory FRAM; the microprocessor reads image data information stored in the ferroelectric memory FRAM, and the image data information is transmitted to the WIFI module from the UART through UART serial port communication; the WIFI module is used for transmitting the image data and uploading the image data to a host terminal in the same local area;
step four: the host side starts a network debugging assistant tool through a client program, and opens a corresponding port to wait for the WIFI module to be connected through the TCP; meanwhile, a network debugging assistant is configured, the receiving and the turning to a file mode are set, and the received binary image data is stored in a txt file form, so that the subsequent data processing operation is facilitated; then the WIFI module writes the binary image data stream into a corresponding file through wireless transmission;
step five: the host converts the txt file in the QCIF image format into a BMP file in an RGB image format and stores the BMP file in the host;
step six: after the host end finishes the conversion of the image information and the information storage, a new thread is established after the system starts to circularly detect the size of the txt file, if the file contains a group of complete image information, the image conversion method in the step five is executed, and the BMP image file is generated and stored to a target folder to be displayed; the system user can display corresponding monitoring pictures by clicking corresponding buttons of the client, and simultaneously, captured image information is displayed through a list, so that review and reference are facilitated.
3. The monitoring method according to claim 2, wherein the specific conversion steps of the step five are as follows:
(1) firstly, Y, U, V components of each pixel point in a binary image file are read, and three independent array memories are used for storage for the next conversion operation; y, V, U are three characteristic values of YUV picture format, Y is a gray-scale value, and U and V are chromaticities;
(2) converting the image data from YUV422 to RGB 565; the specific process is as follows:
traversing image data, wherein the number of cycles is half of the number of rows and columns of pixel points respectively through two-layer loop nesting, traversing two pixel points once in a loop body, and processing four-byte data, namely updating U and V once every two times of updating Y; the conversion formula is:
R＝Y+1.402*(V-128)
G＝Y-0.34414*(U-128)-0.71414*(V-128)
B＝Y+1.772*(U-128)
r, G, B are red, green and blue channel values of RGB picture format respectively;
(3) then, boundary judgment and processing are carried out on the RGB numerical values, and the value of R, G, B is guaranteed to be between 0 and 255; if the data exceeds the boundary, the data is taken as the boundary value to obtain final data, the final data is respectively stored into the r array, the g array and the b array, and the r array, the g array and the b array are combined to obtain final RGB format data;
(4) converting the RGB format data into BMP format files for storage; the method comprises the following specific steps:
a. adding a file header providing file size and format information;
b. adding a bitmap information graph representing image size, bit plane number and color index information;
c. adding the converted RGB image information character string;
d. forming BMP format file to store.
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