CN112929756B - Video-on-demand method, P2P node and computer-readable storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application discloses a video-on-demand method, a P2P node, and a computer-readable storage medium, including: a first P2P node establishes a connection with a second P2P node in response to a connection request; the first P2P node responds to a video-on-demand transcoding parameter from the second P2P node, and performs distributed conversion processing on the original video pointed to by the video-on-demand transcoding parameter to obtain a target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameter; the first P2P node sends the target video to the second P2P node. Through the above method, the present application can perform transcoding in real time to ensure the hit rate of video-on-demand.

Description

Video-on-demand method, P2P node and computer-readable storage medium

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of on-demand broadcasting, in particular to a video-on-demand broadcasting method, a P2P node and a computer-readable storage medium.

Background technique

With the popularization of the Internet and the wide range of information sources in the information age, more and more people will choose the information they are interested in to watch through the Internet. The most common is all kinds of video resources. Different from TV programs controlled by TV stations, the video resources on the Internet are not only more integrated, but also can be selected at will according to the user's wishes, and the user experience is better.

In related technologies, the video source must first transcode the video to generate video files with different resolutions, and store them separately. When the on-demand end makes an on-demand request, it selects the corresponding resolution version of the video data according to the resolution type carried. If the video source has not completed the transcoding of a certain resolution or has not stored the video file of a certain resolution, and the on-demand side needs the video of this resolution, the video source cannot return the data of the corresponding resolution, resulting in the inability to play and affecting the user experience.

Contents of the invention

The present application provides a video-on-demand method, which can perform real-time transcoding on a P2P node to ensure the hit rate of the video-on-demand.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a video on demand method, comprising: a first P2P node establishes a connection with a second P2P node in response to a connection request, wherein the number of the first P2P nodes is multiple; the first P2P node responds to the video on demand transcoding parameters from the second P2P node, and performs distributed conversion processing on the original video pointed to by the video on demand transcoding parameters to obtain the target video corresponding to the video on demand transcoding parameters; the first P2P node sends the target video to the second P2P node .

To achieve the above object, the present application also provides a video-on-demand method, including: a second P2P node initiates a connection request to a first P2P node, and establishes a connection with the first P2P node, wherein the number of the first P2P nodes is multiple; the second P2P node sends video-on-demand transcoding parameters to the first P2P node; Transcoding parameters are obtained by performing distributed conversion processing on the original video.

In order to achieve the above object, the present application also provides a P2P node, including: a communication circuit for connecting with another P2P node; a memory for storing a computer program; a processor coupled to the memory and the communication circuit for implementing the above-mentioned video-on-demand method when executing the computer program.

To achieve the above purpose, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the above video-on-demand method is realized.

In this application, the first P2P node responds to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters of the second P2P node and performs distributed conversion processing to obtain the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters, and sends it to the second P2P node, which can accurately hit the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters. Moreover, the video-on-demand method based on real-time transcoding of P2P nodes can make full use of computing resources of P2P nodes, without storing pre-transcoded files, and reducing a large amount of storage costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a video-on-demand system provided by the application;

Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the first embodiment of the video-on-demand method provided by the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of the video-on-demand method provided by the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a third embodiment of the video-on-demand method provided by the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic flow diagram of a fourth embodiment of the video-on-demand method provided by the present application;

FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a P2P node disclosed in the present application;

Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a computer-readable storage medium disclosed in the present application.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a video-on-demand system provided by this application.

In this embodiment, the VOD system 10 includes a first P2P node 11 and a second P2P node 12 .

In P2P (peer-to-peer, peer-to-peer network), each node can serve as a resource provider for other nodes, and can also obtain the above-mentioned services for other nodes. In this embodiment, the first P2P node 11 serves as a resource end to provide services for the second P2P node 12 . The second P2P node 12 is an on-demand end.

There are multiple first P2P nodes 11 . The first P2P node 11 may be a computer, a router, or a smart phone, which can provide bandwidth, storage space, and computing power. The second P2P node 12 may be a computer, a mobile phone, or a smart TV.

The second P2P node 12 receives the user's video-on-demand instruction, and the video-on-demand instruction includes video-on-demand transcoding parameters. The second P2P node 12 responds to the video-on-demand instruction, and obtains the address of the first P2P node 11 storing the original video pointed to by the video-on-demand transcoding parameter. A connection request is initiated to the first P2P node 11 based on the address of the first P2P node 11 .

The first P2P node 11 performs a handshake check on the connection request, and establishes a connection with the second P2P node 12 after the check is passed.

After the first P2P node 11 establishes a connection with the second P2P node 12, the second P2P node 12 sends the VOD transcoding parameter to the first P2P node 11.

Multiple first P2P nodes 11 perform distributed conversion processing on the original video according to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters to obtain a target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters, and send the target video to the second P2P node 12 . Video transcoding is performed according to the on-demand requirements of the second P2P node 12 to obtain the target video, which can ensure hit on-demand, and the first P2P node 11 does not need to pre-transcode and save videos corresponding to various transcoding parameters, which can reduce data storage costs.

The second P2P node 12 receives and plays the target video returned by the first P2P node 11 .

Based on the above-mentioned video-on-demand system 10, the application provides the following embodiments:

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic flowchart of the first embodiment of the video-on-demand method provided by this application. The execution subject of this embodiment is the first P2P node, and this embodiment may include the following steps:

Step S11: the first P2P node establishes a connection with the second P2P node in response to the connection request.

Specifically, the second P2P node sends a query request to the index server in the P2P network, and the query request carries original video file information; after receiving the query request from the second P2P node, the index server determines the first P2P node list that stores the original video according to the original video file information carried by the query request.

The index server sends the first P2P node list storing the original video to the second P2P node, and the second P2P node sends a connection request to at least one first P2P node in the first P2P node list, and the first P2P node responds to the connection request and establishes a connection with the second P2P node. Optionally, the second P2P node may select the first P2P node requesting connection from the first P2P node list according to the principle of proximity, so as to reduce data transmission delay and improve video-on-demand efficiency.

In this embodiment of the present application, the original video file information may be a hash value (Hash) of the original video file. The hash value of the original video file is a unique value of a specific length obtained by hashing the data of the original video file using a hash algorithm, which can be used as an identification of the original video file.

Step S12: In response to the VOD transcoding parameters from the second P2P node, the first P2P node performs distributed conversion processing on the original video pointed to by the VOD transcoding parameters to obtain the target video corresponding to the VOD transcoding parameters.

Wherein, there are multiple first P2P nodes.

Specifically, after establishing a connection with the second P2P node, the first P2P node receives the video-on-demand transcoding parameter sent by the second P2P node. The first P2P node converts and processes the original video stored therein according to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters to obtain a target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters.

The first P2P node transcodes the original video in real time according to the video-on-demand requirements of the second P2P node, so that the first P2P node does not need to pre-store the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters, thereby reducing a large amount of storage costs. At the same time, the first P2P node transcodes the original video in real time to ensure the hit rate of on-demand.

VOD transcoding parameters include but are not limited to resolution, file container format, video format, video size, video frame rate, video bit rate, audio format, audio bit rate, audio sampling rate, number of audio channels, etc.

In this embodiment, multiple first P2P nodes establishing connections with the second P2P node all participate in converting the original video into a target video corresponding to broadcast transcoding parameters, and the multiple first P2P nodes convert and process the original video into the target video in a distributed manner. Specifically, each first P2P node is responsible for converting part of the original video, and the converted videos obtained by all first P2P nodes are combined to form the target video. For example, if the length of the original video is 90 minutes, the first P2P node a converts the 1-30 minute part of the original video into the first target video corresponding to the VOD transcoding parameters, the first P2P node b converts the 31-60 minute part of the original video into the second target video corresponding to the VOD transcoding parameters, and the first P2P node c converts the 61-90 minute part of the original video into the third target video corresponding to the VOD transcoding parameters, the first target video, the second target video and the third target video are combined is the target video. Of course, the amount of tasks for each first P2P node can be determined according to the performance of the first P2P node, and it is not necessary for each first P2P node to process the same amount of original video, which is not limited in this application. Distributing the computing resources needed to convert and process the original video to each first P2P node can reduce the transcoding resources that need to be invested and improve the transcoding efficiency of the original video.

Step S13: the first P2P node sends the target video to the second P2P node.

Specifically, after the first P2P node converts the original video stored therein according to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters and obtains the target video, the first P2P node sends the target video to the second P2P node.

In the embodiment of the present application, the number of first P2P nodes can be one or more. When the second P2P node acquires the target video corresponding to the video transcoding parameters, one or several first P2P nodes may be abnormal, for example, the first P2P node is down, the power is cut off, etc., and the second P2P node cannot continue to obtain the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters from the abnormal first P2P node; The target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters can make full use of computing resources and storage resources of each first P2P node, ensuring a hit rate of video-on-demand.

For example, when the second P2P node obtains the first P2P node list from the index server as three devices a, b, and c, and the second P2P node obtains the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameter from the three devices a, b, and c, and when device b is powered off and the second P2P node cannot obtain all the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameter, at this time, the second P2P node can obtain the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameter from the non-failure device a and device c.

In this embodiment, the first P2P node responds to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters of the second P2P node and performs distributed conversion processing to obtain the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters, and sends it to the second P2P node. Targeted transcoding is performed in real time according to the video transcoding requirements, and the on-demand video can be accurately hit, thereby improving the problem in the related art that the video-on-demand cannot be hit when the video source does not store a video file with a certain resolution. Moreover, the video-on-demand method based on P2P nodes for real-time distributed transcoding can make full use of computing resources of P2P nodes, improve transcoding efficiency, and save a lot of storage costs without storing pre-transcoded files.

In order to enable the second P2P node to receive the target video corresponding to the VOD transcoding parameter from the first P2P node more quickly and accurately, the present application may also enable the first P2P node to receive the VOD range parameter from the second P2P node before converting the original video pointed to by the VOD transcoding parameter into the target video corresponding to the VOD transcoding parameter.

Please refer to FIG. 3 . FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a second embodiment of a video-on-demand method provided by the present application. This embodiment is the first embodiment of the video-on-demand method based on P2P node real-time transcoding, so the same steps will not be repeated here. Specifically, this embodiment may include the following steps:

Step S21: the first P2P node establishes a connection with the second P2P node in response to the connection request.

This step corresponds to S11 in the first embodiment of the video-on-demand method.

Step S22: the first P2P node receives the target resolution from the second P2P node.

Specifically, after the first P2P node establishes a connection with the second P2P node, the second P2P node sends the target resolution corresponding to the target video to the first P2P node.

The target resolution may be selected by the user through the second P2P node, or may be automatically adjusted by the second P2P node according to the current network environment. For example, the current network environment is good, and the target resolution is high; the current network environment is not good, and there is a lag, and the target resolution is correspondingly low.

Resolution is a parameter used to measure the amount of data in an image, usually expressed as ppi. A video is composed of countless pictures of the same resolution, and the resolution determines the clarity of the video. The higher the resolution, the higher the definition of the video, and the larger the storage space occupied; on the contrary, the lower the definition of the video, the smaller the storage space occupied.

There are multiple levels of video resolution, such as 360P, 720P, 960P, 1080P, 2K, and 4K. If the video is transcoded into videos of various resolutions and stored in advance, it will occupy a considerable storage space and increase the storage cost of the video. However, in the present application, the first P2P node executes S23 after obtaining the target resolution, and the first P2P node does not need to pre-store a large number of videos of various resolutions, thereby reducing video storage costs.

Step S23: The first P2P node prepares for the initialization of the original video conversion process.

Specifically, the initialization preparation includes setting transcoding resolution, frame rate, code rate and other parameters, and setting the transcoding parameters can make the first P2P node respond to the data request command more quickly to transcode the original video.

Step S24: the first P2P node receives the VOD range parameter from the second P2P node.

Specifically, the first P2P node receives the data request command sent by the second P2P node, and the data request command carries a video-on-demand range parameter.

Wherein, the video-on-demand range parameter includes, for example, the start time and end time of the target video.

The second P2P node may send multiple data request commands to the first P2P node, so as to meet the user's demand for fast-forwarding.

Step S25: The first P2P node extracts the video part defined by the VOD range parameter from the original video, and converts the video part into a target video with a target resolution.

Specifically, after the first P2P node receives the data request command carrying the video-on-demand range parameter sent by the second P2P node, the first P2P node extracts the video part corresponding to the video-on-demand range parameter from the original video, and converts the video part into a video with a target resolution according to the target resolution to obtain the target video. In this way, it is possible to enable the first P2P node to perform real-time transcoding according to the video-on-demand range parameters without transcoding the complete original video, thereby speeding up the speed at which the first P2P node responds to the data request command of the second P2P node, and improving the efficiency of the first P2P node converting the video part into a target video with a target resolution.

Step S26: the first P2P node sends the target video to the second P2P node.

This step corresponds to S13 in the first embodiment of the video-on-demand method.

In this embodiment, the first P2P node receives the target resolution and video-on-demand range parameters sent by the second P2P node, and performs distributed conversion processing on the original video according to the target resolution and video-on-demand range parameters to obtain the target video. Moreover, the video-on-demand method based on real-time transcoding of P2P nodes can make full use of computing resources of P2P nodes, without storing pre-transcoded files, and reducing a large amount of storage costs.

The flow of the video-on-demand method will be described below from the perspective of the second P2P node. Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic flowchart of a third embodiment of the video-on-demand method provided by the present application. This embodiment may include the following steps:

Step S31: the second P2P node initiates a connection request to the first P2P node, and establishes a connection with the first P2P node.

This step is the same as step S11 in the first embodiment of the video-on-demand method, so it will not be repeated here.

Step S32: the second P2P node sends the VOD transcoding parameters to the first P2P node.

Specifically, the second P2P node detects the VOD transcoding parameters requested by the VOD request, and sends them to the first P2P node, so that the first P2P node converts the original video pointed to by the VOD transcoding parameters into the target video corresponding to the VOD transcoding parameters, so that the second P2P node can meet the on-demand requirements of various VOD transcoding parameters, and send the VOD transcoding parameters to enable the first P2P node to perform real-time transcoding.

Step S33: the second P2P node receives the target video corresponding to the VOD transcoding parameters from the first P2P node.

In this embodiment, the second P2P node sends the video-on-demand transcoding parameters to the first P2P node and receives the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters, which enables the second P2P node to save its own computer resources and meet the on-demand requirements of various video-on-demand transcoding parameters. Sending the video-on-demand transcoding parameters enables the first P2P node to perform real-time transcoding, which can ensure the hit rate of on-demand and reduce a large amount of storage costs.

In order to enable the second P2P node to receive the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters from the first P2P node more quickly, the present application can also make the second P2P node send the video-on-demand range parameter to the first P2P node before the second P2P node receives the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters from the first P2P node.

Please refer to FIG. 5 . FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a fourth embodiment of a video-on-demand method provided by the present application. This embodiment is the third embodiment of the video-on-demand method based on P2P node real-time transcoding, so the same steps will not be repeated here, and this embodiment may include the following steps:

Step S41: the second P2P node initiates a connection request to the first P2P node, and establishes a connection with the first P2P node.

This step is the same as step S31 of the third embodiment of the video-on-demand method, so it will not be repeated here.

Step S42: the second P2P node sends the VOD transcoding parameters to the first P2P node.

This step is the same as step S32 of the third embodiment of the video-on-demand method, so it will not be repeated here.

Step S43: the second P2P node sends the VOD range parameter to the first P2P node.

Specifically, after the second P2P node sends the video-on-demand transcoding parameters to the first P2P node so that the first P2P node initializes and prepares for the original video conversion process, the second P2P node sends a data request command carrying the video-on-demand range parameter to the first P2P node. In order to make the first P2P node extract the video part defined by the video-on-demand range parameter from the original video, convert the video part into the target video of the target resolution, so as to meet the fast-forwarding requirements of the video-on-demand, and enable the first P2P node to perform real-time transcoding according to the video-on-demand range parameter without transcoding the complete original video, which greatly speeds up the speed of the first P2P node responding to the second P2P node data request command, and improves the user's video-on-demand experience.

Step S44: the second P2P node receives the target video corresponding to the VOD transcoding parameters from the first P2P node.

This step is the same as step S33 of the third embodiment of the video-on-demand method, so it will not be repeated here.

In this embodiment, the second P2P node sends the video-on-demand transcoding parameters and video-on-demand range parameters to the first P2P node and receives the corresponding target video, so that the first P2P node can perform real-time transcoding according to the video-on-demand range parameters without transcoding the complete original video, which greatly speeds up the speed at which the first P2P node responds to the data request command of the second P2P node, and improves the user's video-on-demand experience. Moreover, the video-on-demand method based on real-time transcoding of P2P nodes can make full use of computing resources of P2P nodes, without storing pre-transcoded files, and reducing a large amount of storage costs.

The present application also provides a P2P node, which may be a set-top box, a personal computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a palmtop computer, a portable computer, and the like.

Please refer to FIG. 6 . FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a P2P node disclosed in the present application, which may include a processor 501 , a communication circuit 502 and a memory 503 .

Wherein, the memory 503 includes at least one type of readable storage medium, and the readable storage medium includes flash memory, hard disk, multimedia card, card-type memory (eg, SD or DX memory, etc.), magnetic memory, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. Furthermore, the memory 503 can not only be used to store application software and various data of the electronic device, such as the code of the computer program 504, etc., but also can be used to temporarily store outputted or to-be-outputted data.

In some embodiments, the processor 501 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor or other data processing chips, which are used to run program codes or process data stored in the memory 503, so as to realize the video-on-demand method provided by any of the above-mentioned embodiments, such as executing computer programs 504, etc.

The communication circuit 502 may be a peripheral component interconnection standard bus or an extended industry standard architecture bus or the like. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus and so on. For ease of representation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 5 , but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

The processor 501 is coupled to the communication circuit 502 and the memory 503 for executing a computer program 504 .

The P2P node provided by the embodiment of the present application can avoid the problem that the on-demand video cannot be hit when the video source end does not store a video file with a certain resolution.

The method of the above embodiment can exist in the form of a computer program. Therefore, the present application proposes a computer-readable storage medium, please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the computer-readable storage medium provided by the present application. In this embodiment, a computer program 601 is stored in a computer-readable storage medium 600, which can be executed to implement the methods in the foregoing embodiments.

In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium 600 may be a medium capable of storing program instructions such as a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or it may be a server storing the program instructions. The server may send the stored program instructions to other devices for execution, or may also run the stored program instructions by itself.

It should be noted that the serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present application are only for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. And the term "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof herein is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, apparatus, article, or method comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent in such a process, apparatus, article, or method. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not preclude the presence of additional same elements in the process, apparatus, article or method comprising the element.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the description of the application and the contents of the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are all included in the scope of patent protection of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. A video-on-demand method, characterized in that, comprising: The first P2P node establishes a connection with the second P2P node in response to the connection request, where the number of the first P2P nodes is multiple; The first P2P node responds to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters sent directly from the second P2P node, and performs distributed conversion processing on the original video pointed to by the video-on-demand transcoding parameters to obtain the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters; The first P2P node sends the target video to the second P2P node; Wherein, the transcoding parameters include resolution, and performing distributed conversion processing on the original video pointed to by the video-on-demand transcoding parameters, before obtaining the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters includes: Each of the first P2P nodes receives video-on-demand range parameters from the second P2P node; The original video pointed to by the video-on-demand transcoding parameters is distributed and converted, and the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters obtained includes: Each of the first P2P nodes respectively extracts the video part defined by the VOD range parameter from the original video, and converts the video part into a target video with a target resolution. 2. video-on-demand method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The original video pointed to by the video-on-demand transcoding parameters is subjected to distributed conversion processing, and before obtaining the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters, it includes: The first P2P node receives the target resolution from the second P2P node. 3. video-on-demand method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, After the first P2P node receives the target resolution from the second P2P node, it includes: The first P2P node prepares for initialization of the original video conversion process. 4. A video-on-demand method, characterized in that, comprising: The second P2P node initiates a connection request to the first P2P node, and establishes a connection with the first P2P node, wherein the number of the first P2P nodes is multiple; The second P2P node sends video-on-demand transcoding parameters to the first P2P node; The second P2P node receives the target video corresponding to the video-on-demand transcoding parameter from the first P2P node, and the target video is obtained by performing distributed conversion processing on the original video by the first P2P node according to the video-on-demand transcoding parameter; Wherein, the transcoding parameter includes resolution, and before the second P2P node sends the video-on-demand transcoding parameter to the first P2P node, it includes: The second P2P node sends video-on-demand range parameters to each of the first P2P nodes; The first P2P node performs distributed conversion processing on the original video according to the video-on-demand transcoding parameters to obtain the target video including: Each of the first P2P nodes respectively extracts the video part defined by the VOD range parameter from the original video, and converts the video part into a target video with a target resolution. 5. video-on-demand method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, After the second P2P node sends the video-on-demand transcoding parameters to the first P2P node, it includes: The second P2P node sends the VOD range parameter to the first P2P node. 6. video-on-demand method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, The second P2P node sending the video-on-demand transcoding parameters to the first P2P node includes: The second P2P node sends the video-on-demand resolution to the first P2P node. 7. A P2P node, characterized in that it comprises: Communication circuit for connecting with another P2P node; memory for storing computer programs; A processor, coupled to the memory and the communication circuit, configured to implement the video-on-demand method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing the computer program. 8. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein, when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-6 are implemented.