CN112958596B - Multi-stage hot washing screening method and system for oil-containing sludge sundries - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-stage hot washing and screening method and system for oily sludge debris. The method screens oily sludge debris, and performs different degreasing treatments on the screened under-screen materials and over-screen materials. . The system includes a feeding subsystem connected according to the process, including debris screening equipment; a hot washing and sieving sub-system, including a small particle material hot washing equipment and a multi-stage screening equipment connected in sequence; a centrifugal separation subsystem, including solid-liquid Separation equipment and oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation equipment, the liquid-phase outlet of the solid-liquid separation equipment is connected to the feed port of the oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation equipment; auxiliary subsystems include large particle material hot washing equipment. The invention can screen and classify the materials of different sizes in the oily sludge according to the size and carry out different degreasing treatments respectively. Compared with the materials with larger surface area, more cleaning can be carried out, and the materials of different sizes can be washed separately to ensure the drainage. The oil content of the material is less than 2%, and the sewage oil recovery and water recycling are realized.

Description

Multistage hot washing and screening method and system for oily sludge debris

technical field

The invention relates to a method and a system for multi-stage hot washing and screening of oily sludge impurities, belonging to the technical field of petrochemical industry.

Background technique

Oil sludge is mixed with a large amount of domestic and production waste, which increases the difficulty of sludge treatment. At present, there are various technologies for the treatment of oilfield sludge, which can be roughly divided into low temperature treatment technologies such as hot water washing below 100 °C and high temperature treatment technologies such as pyrolysis and incineration above 400 °C according to the treatment temperature. The low-temperature treatment technology of hot water washing usually uses manual hand-held steam or hot water pipeline for manual flushing, which is labor-intensive, time-consuming and inefficient. , Five -Baidu reaches the thermal solution, there are large safety hazards, incineration technology will also cause great waste of oil resources that are not abundant in my country. In addition, the equipment and pipelines adopted by high temperature treatment technology are easily wear and pipelines are easily worn and pipelines. The problem of blockage requires frequent shutdowns for maintenance, and the production is extremely unstable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-stage hot-washing and screening method and system for oily sludge debris, which can screen and classify materials of different sizes in oily sludge debris according to their size and carry out oil removal respectively. Treatment, wash the dirty oil (generally refers to various oil substances or components mainly derived from crude oil) attached to the sundries.

The technical scheme of the present invention to achieve the above object is: a multi-stage hot washing and screening method for oily sludge sundries, comprising the following steps:

S1: Primary screening of oily sludge debris;

S2: The material under the sieve (the sieved small particle material) that is sieved for the first time is subjected to the hot-washing treatment of the material under the sieve and the multi-stage screening treatment in turn, and the material processed by the first-stage screening treatment in the multi-stage screening treatment It is the discharge of the hot-washing treatment of the under-screen material (referring to the discharged small particle material), and the material processed by any next-stage screening treatment is the under-screen material treated by the previous-stage screening treatment;

S3: Hot-washing the material on the sieve (large particle material sifted out) for the primary sieving;

S4: Perform solid-liquid separation on the material under the sieve processed by the final screening in S2, and perform oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation on the liquid phase after the solid-liquid separation.

Preferably, in the S1, the oily sludge is firstly subjected to heating and fluidization, and then the primary screening is performed. Heating fluidization is usually carried out by passing steam into the oily sludge.

Preferably, in the step S4, the material under the screen after the final screening treatment is first subjected to demulsification, degreasing, flocculation and precipitation, and then solid-liquid separation is performed. Usually, demulsification and degreasing are carried out by adding a demulsifier to the under-sieve material treated at the final stage of screening, and flocculation and precipitation are carried out by adding a flocculant to the material after demulsification and deoiling.

Preferably, the solid-liquid separation and the oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation in the S4 are carried out by centrifugal separation.

Preferably, the hot-washing treatment of the material under the sieve comprises the following steps:

S21: soak and wash the material;

S22: Multi-stage screening is performed on the soaked and washed materials, the material processed by the first-stage screening process is the feed, and the material processed by any next-stage screening process is the under-screen material processed by the previous-stage screening process , During the conveying process of sending the under-screened material from the previous screening treatment to the next screening treatment, ultrasonic waves are applied to the conveyed material to peel off the oil from the surface of the material, and make the material, oil and The water is separated into three phases, and the oil floating in the upper layer is collected.

Preferably, in the S21, the mixed system (mixture) of the material and the soaking water is heated and stirred. Heating can be done by introducing steam, and stirring can be done by drum overturning (rotation), setting a spiral-shaped material copying plate in the drum, and pneumatic stirring (for example, using the force of steam).

Preferably, in the S22, the material on the screen is rinsed to remove oil.

Preferably, in said S22, the sieve opening of the sieving device used in any next-stage sieving process is smaller than the sieve opening of the sieving device used in the previous-stage sieving process.

Preferably, in the step S22, a baffle plate is set on the conveying channel used to send the under-screened material of the previous stage of screening treatment to its next stage of screening treatment, and the flow of the material is controlled by adjusting the height of the baffle plate speed, and then control the time that the material is subjected to ultrasonic waves.

Usually, there is a distance between the lower end of the baffle plate and the bottom of the material conveying channel that constitutes the material channel. By adjusting the height of the baffle plate, the distance can be adjusted, and then the liquid level in the material conveying channel (the top of the material) can be adjusted. surface) height level, change (reduce) the material flow velocity in the material conveying channel located in front of the baffle plate, and improve the laminar flow state in the main area.

Preferably, in the S3, the oily sludge is crushed first, and then the crushed debris is subjected to hot washing and screening treatment. The hot washing and screening treatment is performed by adding chemicals and water to the treatment equipment. , heat and agitate together with the sundries to be treated in the processing equipment, and perform screening while heating and stirring. The hot washing and screening treatment is performed one or more times. and liquid discharge.

Preferably, heating is performed by introducing steam into the mixed system of sundries, chemicals and water, and the mixed system is stirred by steam aeration and/or mechanical agitation.

Preferably, the processing equipment is provided with a rotating drum and a soaking tank, the rotating drum is a horizontal rotating drum with sieve holes, and the bottom of the rotating drum is immersed in the soaking liquid of the soaking tank, and the soaking liquid is added by adding The medicament of the treatment equipment is mixed with water, the sundries to be treated are located in the drum, and the sieved material falls into the soaking tank.

During the hot washing process, ultrasonic waves can be applied to the mixed system of materials, chemicals and water to accelerate the stripping of dirty oil from the materials.

Preferably, the agent in S3 is sodium silicate and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate solution, and the mass ratio of sodium silicate to sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is 6:4. Further, the mass ratio of the total amount of sodium silicate and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate to water in the medicament is 1:5. Further, in the mixed liquid of the agent and water (referred to as soaking liquid or soaking water) in the treatment equipment, the mass concentration of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is 3.5% to 4.0%, such as 3.5%. , 3.8% or 4.0%.

Any of the multi-stage hot washing and screening methods for oily mud debris disclosed in the present invention can be implemented by using any of the multistage hot washing and screening systems for oily mud debris disclosed in the present invention.

Multi-stage hot washing and screening system for sludge containing debris, including:

The feeding subsystem includes debris screening equipment, and the debris screening equipment is provided with a screening device, a large particle material outlet and a small particle material outlet;

The hot-washing sieve molecular system includes the small-particle material hot-washing equipment and the multi-stage screening equipment connected in sequence. The material outlet under the screen of the equipment is connected to the feed port of the next-stage screening equipment;

The centrifugal separation subsystem includes solid-liquid separation equipment and oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation equipment. The material outlet under the sieve of the last-stage screening equipment in the multi-stage screening equipment is connected to the feed port of the solid-liquid separation equipment. The liquid-phase outlet of the solid-liquid separation device is connected to the feed inlet of the oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation device;

The auxiliary subsystem includes a large-particle material hot-washing device, and the large-particle material outlet is connected to a feed port of the large-particle material hot-washing device.

Preferably, the loading subsystem further includes a sundries storage pool for storing incoming oily sludge sundries, and a steam inlet pipe is laid on the side wall and/or the inner side of the bottom wall of the sundry storage pool, and the steam feeds There is a steam nozzle or steam outlet on the pipe, which is used for heating and fluidizing the oily sludge by passing in steam. The oily sludge sundries stored in the sundries storage tank are transported to the sundry screening equipment through a conveying device, and the sundry screening equipment is preferably a vibrating hopper.

The centrifugal separation subsystem may further include a conditioning tank and a buffer tank. The under-screen material outlet of the final screening equipment in the multi-stage screening equipment is connected to the feed port of the conditioning tank. The discharge port of the tank is connected to the feed port of the buffer tank, the discharge port of the buffer tank is connected to the feed port of the solid-liquid separation equipment, the conditioning tank is provided with a demulsifier inlet, and the buffer tank is provided with a demulsifier inlet. Equipped with flocculant import.

Preferably, the small particle material hot washing equipment includes a hot washing device, the hot washing device includes a horizontal drum and a vertical separation tank, and the inner wall of the drum is provided with a spiral-shaped material from front to back. Plate, the front part of the drum is a soaking section, the rear is a screen section, the soaking section and the screen section are connected by a cone section, the diameter of the screen section is smaller than the diameter of the soaking section, The cylindrical wall of the sieve section is densely covered with through holes that are used as sieve holes. The drum passes through the side wall of the separation tank and is rotatably connected to the separation tank. In the separation tank, the drum is provided with a rotary drive mechanism for driving it to rotate, and the separation tank is provided with a material conveying groove, which is inclined downward from front to back and is located below the screen section , one or more ultrasonic vibrating rods are arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the material conveying trough.

The number of the hot cleaning devices can be several, and the several hot cleaning devices are connected in sequence. There is a longitudinal interface, the front end of the drum of the rear hot cleaning device extends into the longitudinal interface on the separation tank of the previous hot cleaning device, and is rotatably connected with the corresponding longitudinal interface, and the lower end of the material conveying trough of the previous hot cleaning device extends. Into the drum feed port of the subsequent hot washing device, the through holes of the screen section of the drum of the subsequent hot washing device are smaller than the through holes of the screen section of the drum of the previous hot washing device, and the feed of the hot washing equipment The lower end of the material pipe extends into the drum feed port of the hot washing device located at the front, the discharge hopper of the hot washing device is arranged at the rear lower part of the separation tank located in the last hot washing device, and the bottom end is provided with a discharge port, located in the last hot washing device. The lower end of the material conveying groove of the hot washing device extends into the discharge hopper, and the discharge port is connected to the feed port of the first-stage screening equipment in the multi-stage screening equipment.

Preferably, the soaking section is provided with a first steam nozzle, and the first steam spray pipe located in the soaking section is provided with a steam nozzle or a steam outlet for injecting the mixture into the soaking section. The steam is introduced to achieve heating and heat preservation of the mixed material, and the first steam nozzle can pass through the rear end of the drum and extend into the soaking and washing section.

Preferably, the screen section is provided with a flushing water pipe, and the flushing water pipe located in the screen section is provided with a flushing water nozzle or a flushing water outlet, and the flushing water pipe can pass through the rear end of the drum and extend into the sieve section.

Preferably, the separation tank is provided with a second steam spray pipe located above the screen section, and the second steam spray pipe is provided with a steam nozzle or a steam outlet facing the screen section.

Preferably, the front end of the soaking and washing section is provided with a drum feed port, the rear end of the screen section is provided with a conical drum discharge port, and the tank wall (usually the rear wall) of the separation tank is provided with a drum feed port. There is a large particle material outlet opened downward, the drum discharge port is located directly above the large particle material outlet, the top of the separation tank is provided with an exhaust port, and the bottom end is provided with a sewage outlet.

When the small particle material hot washing equipment includes one hot washing device, the small particle material outlet is connected to the drum feed port. When the small particle material hot washing equipment includes several hot washing devices, the small particle material outlet The granular material outlet is connected to the drum feed inlet of the front hot washing device.

Preferably, the material conveying groove is provided with a baffle plate, and the width of the baffle plate is matched with the groove width of the material conveying groove (the part of the material conveying groove is allowed to move relative to the groove wall, and the width of the baffle plate is avoided as far as possible. The gap between the tank walls is too large to achieve effective blocking of materials), installed on the inner wall of the separation tank, above the bottom of the material conveying tank, and the plate surface of the baffle plate (front panel face) toward the incoming material direction of the material conveying groove, the bottom end of which is located in the material conveying groove, and there is a gap forming the material passage between the bottom of the material conveying groove and the groove bottom of the material conveying groove, and the baffle plate Equipped with a height adjustment mechanism.

Preferably, the material conveying groove is provided with a matching oil collecting groove, the oil collecting groove is fixed on the inner wall of the separation tank, and is inserted into the material conveying groove from top to bottom, and the bottom surface of the oil collecting groove is connected to the There is a gap between the bottoms of the material conveying grooves, and the groove wall of the oil collecting groove facing the incoming material direction in the groove of the material conveying groove is lower than the side wall of the material conveying groove. The oil collecting tank is used to collect the floating oil on the material conveyed in the material conveying tank. The oil collecting tank may be provided with an oil outlet pipe extending to the outside of the material conveying tank for collecting the floating oil inside the oil collecting tank. export.

Preferably, the multi-stage screening device includes a plurality of screening devices, wherein the screen hole of the screening device of any next-stage screening device is smaller than the screen hole of the screening device of the previous-stage screening device.

Preferably, the hot-washing equipment for large-grained materials includes a horizontal drum, the front part of the drum is a foam washing screen segment, and the rear part is a discharge section, and the side wall of the foam washing screen segment is on the side wall. Densely covered with through holes that are used as screen holes, the discharge section is tapered in inner diameter from front to back, the front end of the bubble washing screen section is provided with a drum feed port, and the discharge section is The rear end of the drum is provided with a drum discharge port, the drum is provided with a rotary drive mechanism for driving its rotation, a bubble washing tank is arranged below the drum, and the bottom of the drum is located in the bubble washing tank Inside, the drum discharge port is located outside the soaking tank, the bottom of the soaking tank is provided with a drain port, the drain port is provided with a drain valve, and the drum is provided with a feed hopper , the discharge port of the feeding hopper extends into the feeding port of the drum, the upper part of the feeding hopper is provided with a double-toothed roller crusher, and the large particle material outlet is connected to the feeding port of the feeding hopper. Feed mouth.

The inner wall of the discharge section can be provided with a discharge blade that protrudes inward. The discharge blade is in a spiral arc shape, and the direction of the spiral is the same as the forward rotation direction of the drum (heating the sundries). The rotation direction during washing treatment) is the same, its front end is located at or close to the connection between the foam washing screen segment and the discharge section, and the rear end is located at or close to the drum discharge port, so that when the When the drum rotates in the reverse direction, the discharge blade can use its spiral inner arc surface to pick up the sundries and push the sundries to the discharge port of the rotary drum for discharge, so as to realize the automatic discharge of the rotary drum.

The soaking tank is preferably in the shape of an inverted cone, which is conducive to the downward flow of the soaking water and the material under the sieve, and the liquid discharge port is arranged at the bottom end of the soaking tank.

Preferably, the soaking tank is provided with a steam spray pipe, and the steam spray pipe located in the soaking tank is provided with a plurality of steam nozzles or steam outlets for aerating the steam in the soaking tank and heating Bubble washing water, in which one or several steam nozzles or steam outlets are downward and facing the liquid discharge port, through the aeration effect, it is ensured that the material under the sieve does not accumulate at the bottom of the foam washing tank, so as to avoid affecting the discharge valve. The liquid discharge port is opened and closed or blocked, and the remaining steam nozzles or steam outlets are upward, and the mixing system is agitated by aeration.

One or more ultrasonic vibrating rods may be provided on the inner wall of the soaking tank. When multiple ultrasonic vibration rods are provided, the plurality of ultrasonic vibration rods are evenly distributed in the soaking tank.

Preferably, the hot cleaning equipment further includes a hood, the drum is located in the hood, the front bottom end of the hood is groove-shaped, and constitutes the soaking tank, and the rear of the hood is in the shape of a groove. The bottom end of the hood is provided with a hood outlet, the drum outlet is located above the hood outlet, and the top of the hood is provided with an exhaust port for discharging the gas generated during the hot washing process .

Preferably, a water inlet and a pharmaceutical inlet are provided on the lower side wall of the feeding hopper, and the water inlet and the pharmaceutical inlet or the pipeline connecting the water inlet and the pharmaceutical inlet may be respectively provided with flow rates. A meter and an electronically controlled valve are used to control the amount of water and medicine passed into the drum.

The liquid discharge port can be connected to the feed port of the first-stage screening device in the multi-stage screening device.

Preferably, the auxiliary subsystem may further include a back-mixing water tank, a dirty oil storage tank and a dosing device, and the water-phase outlet of the oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation equipment is connected to the water inlet of the back-mixing water tank, so The water outlet of the back-mixing water tank is connected to the water inlet of each water equipment in the multi-stage hot washing and screening system, and the back-mixing water tank may be provided with a water replenishing port; the oil phase outlet of the oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation equipment The oil inlet is connected to the dirty oil storage tank, and the dirty oil storage tank is provided with an oil outlet; the medicine dosing device may include a plurality of medicine storage boxes, which are used to hold different medicines, such as demulsifier and flocculant. and the medicines used in S3, the medicine outlet of each medicine storage box is respectively connected to the medicine inlet of the corresponding medicine equipment.

In the application of the multi-stage hot washing and screening system, a temporary storage tank (mainly used for collecting and temporarily storing materials) or Temporary storage tanks (mainly used for cleaning, heating and/or stirring during material transfer).

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention can screen and classify materials of different sizes in the oily sludge according to their size and carry out different degreasing treatments respectively. The specific surface area of the solid particles is used to determine the law of the difficulty of cleaning, and the materials with larger surface area are used for cleaning. More cleaning treatment can not only clean the dirty oil attached to large debris such as stones, bolts, gloves, etc., but also can remove the dirty oil attached to small particles such as stones, gravel, silt, and mud. Washing (different levels of degreasing treatment according to different sizes) ensure that the oil content of the discharge (discharge of different sizes) is less than 2%, and realize the recovery of dirty oil and water recycling.

2. In the present invention, before the oil-containing sludge debris is degreasing, steam is introduced into the oil-containing sludge debris for heating and fluidization. On the one hand, the dirty oil attached to the surface of the debris can be preliminarily removed by the fluidized cleaning of steam. To improve the cleaning effect, on the other hand, the oily sludge can be heated by steam to make it meet the feeding conditions of the hot washing process, so as to solve the problem that the traditional hot washing process cannot be continuously produced in winter (the oily sludge storage pool freezes) problems and improve processing power.

3. The under-screen material hot-washing treatment of the present invention performs different degreasing treatments for different sizes of solid substances in the under-screen material, which can quickly and effectively remove oily sludge and (smaller) production and domestic wastes. Cleaning the oil stains attached to it (referring to the cleaning standard in the hot washing process, the same below), effectively solving the problem that the oil sludge sand mixed with production and domestic waste in the prior art is difficult to clean due to the difference in specific surface area. And the problem of reaching a uniform cleaning standard. Especially for the materials with small particle size (the under-screen materials in the various levels of sieving treatment in the hot-washing treatment of under-screen materials, usually fine sludge sand), multi-stage foam washing, screening and ultrasonic treatment can effectively The oil stains attached to the fine oily sludge sand are cleaned, so that they can be discharged or transported to the next treatment process, which solves the technical problem that the oily stains attached to the fine oily sludge sand are difficult to clean or separate.

4. In the hot-washing treatment of the material on the screen of the present invention, by soaking and screening the material on the screen for the first time, the sediment entrained in the material (larger production and domestic waste) can be simply and effectively removed. Washing and separating, especially for the sundries (the materials on the screen in the screening stage of each hot washing and screening treatment), the hot washing and screening process can be carried out for many times, which can effectively wash the dirty oil attached to the sundries. , and improve the separation efficiency of mud and sand, ensure the discharge of debris up to the standard, and avoid pollution to the environment.

5. The present invention uses the "cavitation" effect produced by ultrasonic waves to remove oil when the oily sludge is treated. The instantaneous negative pressure and instantaneous positive pressure are alternately generated. During the negative pressure half cycle, a vacuum cavity is generated in the liquid, and the liquid vapor or gas dissolved in the liquid enters the cavity to form bubbles, and then in the positive pressure half cycle , the bubbles are compressed and ruptured, and a strong pressure (up to thousands of atmospheres) is instantaneously generated to form an impact force on the solids in the mixed system; This reflected sound difference makes the liquid on the interface agitate violently, forming a strong impact force on the solid in the mixed system, and these impact forces strongly wash away the dirty oil on the solid surface, thereby realizing oil removal. Using the "cavitation" effect produced by ultrasonic to remove oil, on the one hand, it can effectively improve the oil removal effect on debris, and on the other hand, it can cooperate with the high temperature formed by heating, and most of the bubbles formed by ultrasonic can be directly combined with the oil group. Together, a better air flotation effect is formed, so that the dirty oil can be smoothly carried away by the water, and it can prevent the dirty oil from attaching to the sundries again.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of described multistage hot-washing screening system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of described vibrating hopper of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the described hot cleaning device of the present invention;

4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the soaking section of the hot-washing device of the present invention;

5 is a front view of the first steam nozzle of the hot-washing device of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the axial sectional schematic diagram of the separation tank of the described hot washing device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the top view of the material conveying trough of the described hot washing device of the present invention;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the hot-washing equipment for small particles of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the partial structure schematic diagram of the feed end of the described small particle material hot washing equipment of the present invention;

10 is a top view of an embodiment of the energy dissipation box of the hot cleaning device of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is the front view structure schematic diagram of the described large particle material hot washing equipment of the present invention;

12 is a schematic side view of the structure of the feeding process of the hot-washing equipment for large-particle materials of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The invention discloses a multi-stage hot-washing and screening method for oily mud debris. The materials of different sizes in the oily mud debris are screened and classified according to their size and subjected to different degreasing treatments respectively, and the dirty oil attached to the debris is removed. Washing, including the following steps:

S1: Primary screening of oily sludge debris;

S2: The under-screen materials (small particles screened out, such as gravel, gravel, silt, mud, etc.) under the sieve for the primary screening are sequentially subjected to hot-washing treatment and multi-stage screening treatment of the under-screen materials until the treatment requirements are met. In the first-stage screening treatment, the material processed by the first-stage screening treatment is the discharge material (referring to the discharged small particle material) of the under-screen material hot-washing treatment, and the material processed by any next-stage screening treatment is the material of the previous screening treatment. The material under the sieve processed by the grade sieving;

S3: Hot-washing the materials on the sieve (large particles screened out, such as stones, bolts, gloves and other debris) for the primary sieving;

S4: Perform solid-liquid separation on the material under the sieve processed by the final screening in S2, and perform oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation on the liquid phase after the solid-liquid separation.

The oily sludge debris generally refers to debris with an oil content of 5-20% (wt), a solids content of 20-40% (wt), and a moisture content of 40-75% (wt).

In the above S1, it is preferable to firstly heat and fluidize the oily sludge, and then perform the primary screening. Heating fluidization is usually carried out by passing steam into the oily sludge.

In the S2, the sieve hole of the sieving device used in any next-stage sieving treatment in the multi-stage sieving treatment is preferably smaller than the sieve hole of the sieving device used in the previous-stage sieving treatment, When a certain level of screening treatment adopts a screening device without screen holes (for example, a cyclone desander or a cyclone desilter), the particle size of the fine material separated by the screening device is smaller than that of the previous one. The particle size of the material under sieve or the particle size of the separated fine material of the sieving device used in the sieving process.

In the S4, it is preferable to first perform demulsification, degreasing, flocculation and precipitation on the material under the screen after the final screening treatment, and then perform solid-liquid separation. Usually, demulsification and degreasing are carried out by adding a demulsifier to the under-sieve material treated at the final stage of screening, and flocculation and precipitation are carried out by adding a flocculant to the material after demulsification and deoiling.

The solid-liquid separation and the oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation in the S4 are preferably centrifugal separation. For example, two-phase decanter centrifuge is used for solid-liquid separation, and three-phase vertical disc centrifuge is used for oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation.

The hot-washing treatment of the material under the sieve preferably comprises the following steps:

S21: soak and wash the material;

S22: Multi-stage screening is performed on the soaked and washed materials until the processing requirements are met. The material processed by the first-stage screening process is the feed material, and the material processed by any next-stage screening process is the upper-stage screening process. During the conveying process of sending the under-screening material treated by the previous screening treatment to the next-stage screening treatment, ultrasonic waves are applied to the conveyed material to make the oil peel off from the surface of the material, and The three phases of material, oil and water are layered, and the oil floating in the upper layer is collected.

In the S21, preferably the mixed system (mixture) of the material and the soaking water is heated and stirred. Heating can be done by introducing steam, and stirring can be done by drum overturning (rotation), setting a spiral-shaped material copying plate in the drum, and pneumatic stirring (for example, using the force of steam).

In the step S22, it is preferable to carry out rinsing and degreasing on the materials on the sieve screened at all levels, so as to further ensure that the degreasing effect of the materials on the sieve and the discharge of the materials meet the standards.

In the S22, the sieve hole of the screening device used in any next-stage screening treatment is preferably smaller than the screen hole of the screening device used in the previous-stage screening treatment, so that the sieve holes in the screening treatment of each stage are The particle size of the material under the screen is different, which is convenient for different grades and methods of degreasing treatment for materials with different particle sizes.

In the S22, a baffle plate is preferably set on the conveying channel used to send the under-screened material of the previous stage of screening treatment to its next stage of screening treatment, and the flow speed of the material is controlled by adjusting the height of the baffle plate, And then control the time that the material is subjected to the ultrasonic wave to achieve the best oil removal effect.

In the S3, firstly crush the oily sludge debris, and then perform hot washing and screening treatment on the crushed debris. The sundries to be treated in the equipment are heated and stirred together, and sieved while heating and agitation. The material under the sieve and the liquid are discharged.

Preferably, steam is introduced into the mixed system of sundries, chemicals and water for heating. The steam is preferably introduced by aeration, and the mixed system is agitated by steam aeration and/or mechanical agitation. Heating the mixed system can speed up the random movement of water molecules and increase the diffusion speed of the dirty oil. Under the action of steam aeration and/or mechanical agitation, the oily sludge can increase the contact interface between the dirty oil and the agent. Effectively speed up the cleaning speed and improve the cleaning efficiency.

The processing equipment is preferably provided with a rotating drum and a soaking tank, the rotating drum is a horizontal rotating drum with sieve holes, and the bottom of the rotating drum is immersed in the soaking liquid of the soaking tank, and the soaking liquid is added to the washing tank. The medicament of the treatment equipment is mixed with water, the sundries to be treated are located in the drum, and the sieved material falls into the soaking tank. The sundries to be treated are usually subjected to multiple hot washing and screening treatments in the treatment equipment (the specific number of times is determined by the cleaning effect and the cleaning target) until the cleaning of the sundries meets the treatment requirements.

In the process of hot washing, ultrasonic waves can be applied to the mixed system of materials, chemicals and water, and the cavitation effect produced by ultrasonic waves can be used to accelerate the peeling of dirty oil from the materials.

Said medicament preferably adopts sodium silicate and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate solution, which is non-toxic and will not cause secondary pollution to the environment after the material is processed. The mass ratio of sodium silicate to sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is 6:4, and the mass ratio of the total amount of sodium silicate and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate in the medicament to water is 1:5. The mass concentration of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in the soaking water (mixed liquid of chemical and water added to the treatment equipment) is 3.5% to 4.0%, such as 3.5%, 3.8% or 4.0%. The unique composition and proportioning relationship of the agent make it have lipophilic and hydrophilic groups. When hot-washing the oily sludge, the lipophilic group can quickly combine with the dirty oil on the debris, and the combined base Under the action of the hydrophilic group, the group can be dissolved in water and taken away, so that the dirty oil can be quickly separated from the surface of the debris, thereby accelerating the separation and removal of the dirty oil and improving the oil removal efficiency of the oily sludge. The mass concentration range of the effective pharmaceutical ingredients in the soaking water can be set to make the lipophilic and hydrophilic groups in the soaking water have the strongest activity. .

Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention also discloses a multi-stage hot washing and screening system for oily sludge debris, which can be used for any oily mud debris multistage hot washing and screening method of the present invention. processing, including:

The feeding subsystem is mainly used for the feeding of the multi-stage hot washing and screening system, including the debris screening equipment, and the debris screening equipment is provided with a screening device, a large particle material outlet and a small particle material outlet;

The hot-washing and sieving molecular system is mainly used for hot-washing, degreasing and screening of the small-particle materials screened by the sundries screening equipment, including the hot-washing equipment for small-particle materials and the multi-stage screening equipment which are connected in sequence. The small particle material outlet is connected to the feed port of the small particle material hot-washing device, and the under-screen material outlet of any upper-stage screening device is connected to the feed port of the next-stage screening device;

Centrifugal separation subsystem is mainly used to perform heterogeneous separation treatment on the materials processed by the hot-washing sieve molecular system, including solid-liquid separation equipment and oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation equipment. The under-screen material outlet of the grading screening equipment is connected to the feed port of the solid-liquid separation equipment, and the liquid phase outlet of the solid-liquid separation equipment is connected to the feed port of the oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation equipment;

The auxiliary subsystem is mainly used for hot washing, degreasing and screening of the large particle materials screened by the sundries screening equipment, including the large particle material hot washing equipment, and the large particle material outlet is connected to the large particle material. The feed inlet of the material hot washing equipment.

The loading subsystem may also include a sundries storage pool, sundry conveying equipment (such as gantry cranes and grabs, etc.) and a vacuum feeder (referred to as a vacuum pump for short), and the sundry storage pool is used to store oily sludge sundries. The incoming materials are usually transported (unloaded) into the interior of the oily sludge transport vehicle (unloaded), and the side wall and/or the inner side of the bottom wall is provided with a steam inlet pipe, and the steam inlet pipe is provided with a steam nozzle or a steam outlet. It is used to heat and fluidize oily sludge by feeding steam. The steam pressure is usually 0.3～0.6MPa(G), and the steam temperature is usually 143～168℃. The sundries conveying equipment is used for conveying the oily sludge sundries heated and fluidized in the sundry storage tank to the sundries screening equipment. The oil-containing sludge debris after heating and fluidization is initially screened in the debris screening equipment, and the screened small particle materials and large particle materials are respectively discharged from the small particle material outlet and the large particle material outlet. The feed port of the vacuum feeder is connected to the small particle material outlet of the debris screening equipment, and the discharge port of the vacuum feeder is connected to the feed port of the small particle material hot-washing equipment, used for The small particle material screened by the sundries screening equipment is transported to the small particle material hot washing equipment.

Referring to Figure 2, the debris screening equipment is preferably a vibrating hopper, the vibrating hopper includes a hopper 1, a vibrating screen (the screening device) 2 and a chute 3, the upper part of the hopper is cylindrical, and the lower part is inverted Conical, the upper and lower parts of the hopper can be integrally formed, or a split structure can be adopted. When the split structure is adopted, the upper bottom end of the hopper is connected to the lower top of the hopper, or the upper part of the hopper is connected. The bottom end is inserted into the lower top end of the hopper. The vibrating screen is installed obliquely in the upper part of the hopper, and the inclination angle is usually 10°～30°. The screen holes of the vibrating screen are preferably diamond-shaped holes, and the length of the long diagonal of the diamond-shaped holes is usually 20～100mm , the diamond-shaped holes are regularly arranged vertically and horizontally, and the diamond-shaped holes in any adjacent row are preferably arranged in dislocation, that is, the adjacent sides of any adjacent two diamond-shaped holes in any adjacent row are parallel to each other, so as to improve the opening rate, thereby improving the The screening efficiency of the material. The top of the hopper is open as the feeding port of the hopper, the small particle material outlet 4 is arranged at the bottom end of the hopper, and the large particle material outlet is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the hopper , located at the connection between the lower end of the vibrating screen and the upper side wall of the hopper, the chute is inclined downward from the hopper, and the top of the chute is connected to the large particle material outlet (or the large particle material outlet). The particle material outlet is inserted into the top of the chute), and the bottom end is connected to the feed port or feeding device of the large particle material hot washing equipment. The large particle material outlet can be provided with a discharge door that can be opened to the outside. 6. A water inlet pipe 7 and a compressed air inlet pipe 8 can be provided on the lower side wall of the hopper, and the compressed air inlet pipe is provided with a nozzle or an outlet toward the outlet of the small particle material, which is used for aeration by compressed air. The air method prevents the material from clogging the outlet of the small particle material, and at the same time can also play the role of cleaning, and the pressure of the compressed air is usually 0.05-0.3MPa (G).

Referring to Figures 3-10, the small particle material hot washing equipment preferably includes one or several hot washing devices, the hot washing devices include a horizontal drum 9 and a vertical separation tank 10, and the drum has a cylindrical structure , the inner wall is covered with rolled wear-resistant steel plate or the drum is rolled with wear-resistant steel plate to improve structural strength and corrosion resistance, the inner wall of the drum is provided with a spiral material copying plate from front to back 11. The front part of the drum is the soaking section 12, and the rear is the screen section 13. The soaking section and the screen section are connected by a cone section (the drum can be an integrally formed structure, or it can be welded by multiple sections. ), the soaking section is used for soaking the material, the sieve section is used for sieving the material, and the small particles in the material are screened out, and the diameter of the sieve section is smaller than that of the soaking section The diameter of the sieve segment is densely covered with through-holes that are used as sieve holes and penetrate through, and the through-holes are preferably diamond-shaped holes. The drum passes through the side wall of the separation tank and is rotatably connected to the separation tank (for example, may be connected by a bearing), and the screen section is located in the separation tank, and the drum is provided with a drive for rotating the drum. Rotary drive mechanism. The separation tank is provided with a material conveying groove 15. The material conveying groove is inclined downward from front to back and is located below the screen section, and its feed end is located just below the front end of the screen section. The discharge end extends out of the separation tank or is located in the separation tank, the material conveying trough is used for receiving and transporting the small particles screened from the screen section, and the width of the material conveying trough is not less than The diameter of the sieve segment is larger than the projected length of the sieve segment on the horizontal plane, so that it can receive all the small particle materials sieved from the sieve segment. When the small particle material hot-washing equipment includes several hot-washing devices, the several hot-washing devices are connected in sequence, and in any two adjacent hot-washing devices, the separation tank of the previous hot-washing device There is a longitudinal interface on the rear wall of the device, and the front end of the drum of the subsequent hot cleaning device extends into the longitudinal interface on the separation tank of the previous hot cleaning device, and is rotatably connected with the corresponding longitudinal interface (for example, it can be connected by bearings), The soaking section of the latter hot washing device is lower than the screen section of the former hot washing device, and the lower end of the material conveying groove of the former hot washing device extends into the feeding port of the drum of the latter hot washing device, The through holes of the screen section of the drum of the subsequent hot washing device are smaller than those of the screen section of the drum of the previous hot washing device, so as to realize multi-stage screening (for example, to the small particle material hot washing equipment Including two hot washing devices as an example, the long diagonal line of the diamond-shaped hole on the screen section of the front hot cleaning device is 10mm long, and the long diagonal line of the diamond-shaped hole on the screen section of the rear hot cleaning device is 3mm long). The lower end of the feed pipe of the hot-washing device extends into the drum feed port of the hot-washing device at the front. The discharge hopper of the hot-washing device is arranged at the rear lower part of the separation tank of the last hot-washing device, and the bottom end is provided with a discharge material. The port 32, located at the lower end of the material conveying trough of the last hot washing device, extends into the discharging hopper. When the small particle material hot washing equipment includes one hot washing device, the outlet of the material conveying tank is connected to the feed port of the multi-stage screening equipment, and when the small particle material hot washing equipment includes several hot washing devices , the discharge port is connected to the feed port of the first-stage screening device in the multi-stage screening device.

The spiral direction of the material copying plate is the same as the rotation direction of the drum, so that the material can be pushed forward during the rotation of the drum. , and can make the residence time of the material in the drum (mainly refers to the soaking section) controllable (controlled by adjusting the speed of the drum), and can also pick up the material, thereby improving the soaking and degreasing effect of the material.

The material copying plate is preferably an angle steel, the outer edge of one straight side of the angle steel is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drum, and the outer edge of the other straight side faces the rotation direction of the drum. With this arrangement, during the rotation of the drum, the material copying plate can pick up the material while the material in the soil hole is advancing, so as to improve the effect of foam washing and degreasing.

The diamond-shaped holes are regularly arranged vertically and horizontally on the cylindrical wall of the screen segment. The diamond-shaped holes of any adjacent row on the cylindrical wall of the screen segment are preferably arranged in a staggered arrangement, that is, the adjacent sides of any adjacent two diamond-shaped holes of any adjacent row on the cylindrical wall of the screen segment are parallel to each other. On the contrary, in order to improve the opening rate, and then improve the screening efficiency of the screen segment to the material. The through hole adopts a diamond-shaped hole, which can effectively prevent the material from blocking the through hole. Even if the material blocks the through hole, due to the diamond-shaped structure of the through hole, there will be gaps at the four corners of the diamond. Affect the outflow of flushing water and oily dirt in the screen section or reduce the influence on the outflow of flushing water and oily dirt in the screen section.

The rotation driving mechanism can be a supporting wheel transmission mechanism 16, and the supporting wheel transmission mechanism includes a driving supporting wheel, a driven supporting wheel and a ring wheel fixedly installed on the outer wall of the drum along the circumferential direction. The diameter is the same as that of the driven supporting wheel, the wheel surfaces of the two are opposite, and are installed on the supporting wheel bracket through the bearing at the same height. The width of the annular groove matches the width of the wheel surface of the annular wheel, and the outer edge of the annular wheel is seated in the annular grooves of the driving roller and the driven roller. The driving roller is provided with a motor that drives it to rotate, and the motor is preferably a variable frequency motor. The driving roller is driven to rotate by the variable frequency motor, and the ring wheel and the drum are driven to rotate by the friction force between the driving roller and the ring wheel. The annular wheel and the drum play an auxiliary supporting role, and the rotation speed of the drum is usually controlled at 3-10 r/min.

The drum can also be provided with a supporting mechanism 17, and the supporting mechanism can adopt the same structure as the supporting roller transmission mechanism, without distinguishing between the driving supporting roller and the driven supporting roller, and not provided with a motor. There is a space between the supporting mechanism and the supporting wheel transmission mechanism, which mainly plays the role of supporting and assisting the rotation of the drum.

By replacing the supporting roller transmission mechanism and/or the supporting rollers of different sizes (including the driving supporting roller and the driven supporting roller), or by adjusting the supporting roller transmission mechanism and/or the supporting roller The height of the supporting roller bracket of the mechanism can adjust the axial inclination angle of the drum, so that the rear end of the drum is lower than the front end, and it is inclined from front to back from top to bottom, which is helpful for the transmission of materials in its interior. The angle is usually controlled within 5°. Of course, it is also possible to adjust the axial inclination angle of the drum, so that the rear end of the drum is higher than the front end, and the drum is inclined from the back to the front from the top to the bottom, so as to slow down the material from the soaking section to the screening. The conveying speed in the section increases the soaking time of the material in the soaking section, and the inclination angle is usually controlled within 5°.

According to the length of the drum, one or several of the supporting mechanisms may be provided.

The rotation driving mechanism may also adopt a pulley transmission mechanism, a gear transmission mechanism or other suitable rotation transmission mechanisms in the prior art.

The bubble washing section is preferably provided with a first steam nozzle, and the first steam nozzle located in the bubble washing section is provided with a steam nozzle or a steam outlet, which is used to pass into the mixed material of the bubble washing section. steam to achieve heating and heat preservation of the mixed material, and the first steam nozzle can pass through the rear end of the drum and extend into the soaking and washing section.

The first steam nozzle may include a first steam inlet pipe 18 and several semicircular branch pipes 19, the first steam inlet pipe extends from the rear end of the drum in a direction parallel to the axis of the drum. To the soaking section, a plurality of the semicircular branch pipes are located in the soaking section (usually located at the rear of the soaking section) and below the first steam inlet pipe, each The plane on which the semicircular branch pipes are located is perpendicular to the axis of the drum, the two ends of each semicircular branch pipe are respectively connected to the first steam inlet pipe through straight pipes, and the semicircular The diameter is smaller than the diameter of the drum, the radian of the semicircle is preferably the same as the circumferential radian of the drum, and there is a gap between it and the inner wall of the soaking section (through reasonable assembly, avoid the The number of the steam nozzles or steam outlets is multiple, which are evenly distributed on the pipe wall of each semi-circular branch pipe facing the direction of the first steam inlet pipe. The shaped branch pipes are preferably arranged at equal intervals on the first steam inlet pipe, and the number of the steam nozzles or steam outlets on each of the semi-circular branch pipes is preferably the same. The inlet end of the first steam inlet pipe generally extends out of the knockout tank. Through the first steam nozzle, steam can be introduced into the soaking and washing section, which can not only heat the material during the soaking and washing process of the material, but also roll the material under the action of the steam spray, thereby increasing the oil-solid separation. The collision promotes the separation of the oil phase from the solid surface and improves the foaming effect.

The screen section is preferably provided with a flushing water pipe 21, and the flushing water pipe located in the screen section is provided with a flushing water nozzle or a flushing water outlet 22, and the flushing water pipe can pass through the rear end of the drum and extend. into the sieve section. The number of the flushing water nozzles or the flushing water outlets is usually multiple, which are evenly distributed on the pipe section of the flushing water pipe located in the screen section, and the water inlet end of the flushing water pipe usually extends out of the Separation tank. Through the flushing water pipe, flushing water can be introduced into the screen section, and the materials in the screen section (especially the materials on the screen) can be further cleaned to ensure that the discharge reaches the standard. The temperature of the flushing water Usually it is 60-95 degreeC.

The separation tank is preferably provided with a second steam spray pipe, which is located above the screen section, and a steam nozzle or a steam outlet facing the screen section is provided on the second steam spray pipe.

The second steam spray pipe may include a second steam inlet pipe 23 and several arc-shaped branch pipes 24, and the second steam inlet pipe extends into it from the outside of the separation tank in a direction parallel to the axis of the drum. Inside, a plurality of the arc-shaped branch pipes are located in the separation tank (above the screen section) and are respectively connected with the second steam inlet pipe, and the plane where each arc-shaped branch pipe is located is connected to the drum. The axis of the pipe is vertical, the arc of the arc-shaped branch pipe is preferably the same as the circumferential arc of the screen segment, and the number of the steam nozzles or steam outlets is multiple, which are evenly distributed in the direction of the arc-shaped branch pipe. On the pipe wall in the direction of the screen section, a plurality of the arc-shaped branch pipes are preferably arranged at equal intervals on the second steam inlet pipe to increase the interaction area with the screen section. The number of said steam nozzles or steam outlets is preferably the same. Through the second steam nozzle, steam can be sprayed to the top of the screen section at regular intervals, and the screen section can be heated and washed, so that the sludge attached to the screen section and the material blocking the through hole can fall off, ensuring that the The sieving effect of the sieve segment.

The first steam nozzle and the second steam nozzle can use the same steam source, the steam pressure is preferably 0.3-0.6Mpa, and the temperature is preferably 143-168°C to ensure heating and cleaning effects.

The front end of the soaking and washing section is preferably provided with a drum feed port, the rear end of the screen section is provided with a conical (inner diameter tapering from front to back) drum outlet, and the tank wall of the separation tank (usually There is a downward opening of the large particle material outlet on the rear wall), the large particle material outlet can first extend to the outside of the separation tank and then open downward, and the drum outlet is located at the large particle material outlet. Just above the outlet, it is used to discharge the cleaned large-particle materials in the drum. The discharged large-particle materials that meet the cleaning standards can be sent to the yard through a conveying device (such as a belt conveyor). The drum discharge port adopts a cone. The shaped mouth can further collect water, prevent the wall-hanging water of the sieve segment from being discharged with the large particle material, and ensure the dryness of the large particle material discharge. Small particle materials are screened out through the through holes of the sieve section and fall into the material conveying tank. The top of the separation tank is provided with an exhaust port for exhausting, and the exhausted gas (including oil and gas) can be collected after For subsequent processing, the bottom end is provided with a sewage outlet 28, which is used to discharge the leakage of the material conveying tank and the washed dirt when cleaning the equipment. In order to ensure that the bottom of the soaking section can have a certain height of water to soak and wash the material, the drum feed port can be set as a tapered port with a tapered inner diameter from the back to the front, or the drum feed port The inner side is provided with an annular baffle.

When the small particle material hot washing equipment includes one hot washing device, the small particle material outlet is connected to the drum feed port. When the small particle material hot washing equipment includes several hot washing devices, the small particle material outlet The granular material outlet is connected to the drum feed inlet of the front hot washing device.

The material conveying trough generally includes a trough bottom and vertical trough walls fixed on the left and right sides of the trough bottom along the length of the trough bottom. The axial direction of the vibrating rod is the same as the length direction of the material conveying groove, and a plurality of the ultrasonic vibrating rods are evenly distributed at equal intervals along the width direction of the material conveying groove. The length of the ultrasonic vibrating rod can be the same as the length of the material conveying groove, or it can be different from the length of the material conveying groove. When it is different from the length of the material conveying groove, any two adjacent The ultrasonic vibrating rods are staggered along the length direction of the material conveying trough. The ultrasonic frequency generated by the ultrasonic vibrating rod is preferably 40 kHz, and the power is preferably 50 W, so as to achieve the optimal "cavitation" degreasing effect.

The material conveying trough is provided with a baffle plate 30, and the width of the baffle plate is matched with the slot width of the material conveying trough (allowing its part in the trough to move relative to the trough wall, and avoiding contact with the trough wall as much as possible. The gap between them is too large to achieve effective blocking of materials), which is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the separation tank, above the bottom of the material conveying trough, and the plate surface of the baffle plate (front panel face) toward the incoming material direction of the material conveying groove, the bottom end of which is located in the material conveying groove, and there is a gap forming the material passage between the bottom of the material conveying groove and the groove bottom of the material conveying groove, and the baffle plate Equipped with height adjustment mechanism. By setting a baffle plate at the lower part of the material conveying trough (usually preferably near the lower end area), an effective block is formed to the material flow in the material conveying trough. By controlling the distance between the baffle plate and the bottom of the material conveying trough, the The flow area of the corresponding area is increased, and the liquid level (the top surface of the material flow) in the material conveying tank is raised, which effectively slows down the flow rate of the material in front of the baffle; Below the screen section, all the under-screen objects fall into the material conveying trough, forming a strong collision and impact with the material conveying trough and the materials in it. The oil (especially the larger aggregates or agglomerates) on the particle surface is effectively peeled off, reducing the oil separation load for the subsequent ultrasonic separation, especially effectively reducing the relatively poor ultrasonic separation effect of larger aggregates Because the flow rate can be controlled within a certain range, the flow disturbance and turbulence caused by the falling of materials can be quickly eliminated, and the overall good laminar flow effect is ensured. Floating provides favorable conditions to ensure the oil-water separation effect during the downward flow of the material. Since the liquid level is higher than the lower edge of the baffle plate, the oil suspended on the upper part of the material cannot flow out from the channel below the baffle plate, and can be stored in the baffle plate. The corresponding part of the material conveying tank is provided with an oil overflow channel, such as an oil collecting tank that can collect, contain and transport oil, so as to separate the oil out and realize the separation of oil and other materials (mixture of water and particulate matter).

The height adjustment mechanism may include a locking bolt vertically screwed on the plate surface of the baffle plate, the locking bolt is located on the back plate surface of the baffle plate and protrudes out of the separation tank, The tank wall of the separation tank is provided with a vertical chute for the locking bolt to slide up and down (the width of the vertical chute is larger than the diameter of the screw of the locking bolt and smaller than that of the locking bolt. The height of the baffle plate can be adjusted by sliding the locking bolt up and down in the vertical chute. After the height of the baffle plate is adjusted to an appropriate position, tighten the The locking bolt realizes the fixing of the baffle plate. A vertical guide rail for guiding the baffle plate may be provided on the inner wall of the separation tank. The height adjustment mechanism may also adopt any suitable manual or automatic height adjustment mechanism in the prior art, such as a chain transmission mechanism or a cylinder transmission mechanism.

The material conveying groove is preferably provided with a matching oil collecting groove 31, the oil collecting groove is fixed on the inner wall of the separation tank, and is inserted into the material conveying groove from top to bottom, and the bottom surface of the oil collecting groove and the There is a space between the bottoms of the material conveying troughs, which does not affect the material transmission, and the trough wall of the oil collecting trough facing the incoming direction of the material in the material conveying trough is lower than the side wall of the material conveying trough. The oil collecting tank is used to collect the floating oil on the material conveyed in the material conveying tank. The oil collecting tank may be provided with an oil outlet pipe extending to the outside of the material conveying tank for collecting the floating oil inside the oil collecting tank. The export can be led out into the separation tank and discharged from the sewage outlet.

The working mode of the hot washing device is as follows: the material and its soaking water enter the soaking and washing section from the drum feed port, and the material is soaked in the soaking and washing section. Under the action of the material plate, it is transported backward and picked up, and at the same time, steam is introduced into the soaking and washing section through the first steam nozzle to heat and roll the material, and the soaked and washed material is transported to the screen section. Solid-liquid separation is carried out inside, and under the action of the material plate, large-grained materials (including large-grained sand, stones, production and domestic waste, etc.) are discharged from the drum discharge port and fall into the drum. The large particle material outlet of the separation tank is discharged, and the small particle material, water and oil are sieved from the through holes of the sieve section and fall into the material conveying tank, and are transmitted to the next-level hot washing device or The subsequent processing equipment is used for processing. During the screening process of the material by the screen section, flushing water is introduced into the screen section through the flushing water pipe, and the materials in the screen section (especially the sieve section) are cleaned. In the process of conveying materials in the material conveying trough, ultrasonic waves are generated by the ultrasonic vibrating rod, and the "cavitation" effect of ultrasonic waves is used to further remove oil from the materials. The second steam nozzle is introduced with steam to clean and clear the blockage of the screen section. The oil, waste water, oil and gas, etc. after the material has been soaked and screened are discharged from the corresponding discharge outlet for subsequent treatment.

When the small-particle material hot-washing equipment includes one of the hot-washing devices, the hot-washing device is provided with a feed pipe; The device is provided with a feeding pipe, and the feeding pipe is inclined downward from front to back and is inserted into the drum feeding port. A labyrinth-type retaining ring 34 can be provided between the drum feeding port and the inserted feeding pipe to prevent the material from passing through. The feeding port of the drum returns and overflows, and the front end of the feeding pipe can be connected to an energy dissipation box 35 through a flange. The energy dissipation box is provided with a feeding port 36. The energy dissipation box is used to eliminate the kinetic energy of the incoming material, so that the residence time of the material in the drum is controllable, and the effect of foam washing and screening is ensured. There is a flushing water inlet 37 on the front end wall of the feeding pipe, which is used to introduce the foaming water into the foaming and washing section, and the incoming material that eliminates kinetic energy can slide into the foaming and washing section under the action of the flushing water. Inside.

The energy dissipating box includes a cylindrical shell, an elongated socket is opened on the top surface of the shell, a baffle plate 38 is slidably inserted in the socket, and the feeding port is opened in the shell. On the side wall of the body, the axis of the feed port is perpendicular to the baffle plate, and the bottom end of the shell is open as the discharge port of the energy dissipation box. The baffle is used to block the feed from the vertical direction of the feed port and eliminate kinetic energy. It adopts a plug-in structure, which is convenient for quick replacement after the baffle is damaged. The replacement operation can usually be completed within 3-5 minutes. , the bottom end of the shell is connected with the feed end of the feed pipe through a flange, which facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the energy dissipation box.

Taking the small particle material hot-washing equipment including two hot-washing devices as an example, the operation method of the small-particle material hot-washing equipment is: before feeding the material from the feed port of the energy dissipation box, start two hot-washing devices The rotary drive mechanism of the drum of the device is to pass the flushing water through the flushing water port on the feeding pipe, pass the flushing water through the flushing water pipes of the two hot-washing devices, and pass the steam through the first steam nozzle of the two hot-washing devices , after observing that the system runs smoothly, feed the material through the feed port of the energy dissipation box, adjust the baffle plate of the hot washing device located in the front, so that the material in the material conveying tank of the hot washing device located in the front flows out evenly, adjust the The baffle plate of the rear hot-washing device makes the material in the material conveying tank of the latter hot-washing device flow out evenly, and the floating oil in the two material conveying tanks is collected and discharged through the respective oil collecting tanks, and is washed and sieved by soaking. The large particle materials, small particle materials, oil pollution, waste water, oil and gas, etc. are discharged from the corresponding outlets for subsequent treatment. Steam is passed through the second steam nozzles of the two hot washing devices for about half an hour every day to clean and clear the respective screen sections, and replace the baffles of the energy dissipation box once a week to ensure the energy dissipation effect.

The multi-stage screening device preferably includes a plurality of screening devices, wherein the screen opening of the screening device of any next-stage screening device is smaller than the screen opening of the screening device of the previous-stage screening device. When a certain level of screening treatment adopts a screening device without screen holes (for example, a cyclone desander or a cyclone desilter), the particle size of the fine material separated by the screening device is smaller than that of the previous one. The particle size of the material under sieve or the particle size of the separated fine material of the sieving device used in the sieving process. The screening equipment can be any screening equipment suitable for screening sediment in the prior art, such as a vibrating screen, a cyclone desander or a cyclone desander.

The multi-stage screening equipment may include three screening equipment, the first vibrating screen, the second vibrating screen and the cyclone desander in sequence from front to back, and the first vibrating screen may be used on a whole screen plate. For the screen mesh formed by opening holes (slit screen for short), the second vibrating screen can be a screen mesh formed by weaving stainless steel wires (woven screen for short). The outlet of the material conveying tank of the small particle material hot washing equipment (when the small particle material hot washing equipment includes a hot washing device) or the discharge port (when the small particle material hot washing equipment includes several hot washing devices) device) is connected to the feed port of the first vibrating screen, the material outlet under the screen of the first vibrating screen is connected to the feed port of the second vibrating screen, and the material outlet under the screen of the second vibrating screen is connected to the feed port of the second vibrating screen The feed port of the cyclone desander, the material discharged from the fine material outlet of the cyclone desander is sent to the centrifugal separation subsystem for further processing. The incoming material is processed by the first vibrating screen to obtain qualified coarse sand, after being processed by the second vibrating screen, the qualified fine sand is obtained, and after being processed by the cyclone desander, the qualified finer sand is obtained. silt. The oversized material screened by the first vibrating screen and the second vibrating screen and the coarse material discharged from the cyclone desander can be sent to the yard through a conveying device (eg, a belt conveyor). According to the incoming materials of the small particle material hot washing equipment, a cyclone desander and a cyclone desander can be installed at the rear end of the second vibrating screen to improve the screening effect. The coarse material discharged from the cyclone desilter is usually screened and concentrated again before being sent to the storage yard.

Cleaning tanks may be provided between the small particle material hot washing equipment and the first vibrating screen, between the screening equipment at all levels, and between the final screening equipment and the centrifugal separation subsystem. A heating device (such as a steam line or an electric heating device), a stirring device (such as a stirring paddle) and a slurry pump can be installed in the tank, and the incoming material is heated and stirred before being sent to the subsequent equipment. On the other hand, the degreasing treatment of incoming materials can prevent sedimentation of mud and sand through stirring, which is convenient for transportation.

The centrifugal separation subsystem may also include a conditioning tank and a buffer tank, and the under-screen material outlet or the fine material outlet of the final-stage screening equipment in the multi-stage screening equipment (when a cleaning tank is provided, it is the outlet of the cleaning tank). The feed port) is connected to the feed port of the conditioning tank, the discharge port of the conditioning tank is connected to the feed port of the buffer tank, and the discharge port of the buffer tank can be connected to the solid state through a screw pump. The feed inlet of the liquid separation equipment, the conditioning tank is provided with a demulsifier inlet, the buffer tank is provided with a flocculant inlet, both the conditioning tank and the buffer tank can be provided with a stirrer, and the agitator can be mixer.

The solid-liquid separation equipment may be a two-phase decanter centrifuge, and the oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation equipment may be a three-phase vertical disc centrifuge. The materials discharged from the solid-liquid separation equipment and the solid-phase outlet of the oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation equipment can be transported to the storage yard through conveying equipment (such as screw conveyors) respectively, and the oil of the oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation equipment The phase outlet can be connected to a slop oil temporary storage tank, and the liquid phase outlet of the oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation equipment can be connected to a back-mixed water temporary storage tank. Both the slop oil temporary storage tank and the back-mixed water temporary storage tank can be Equipped with a delivery pump for external output. An overflow tank may be provided between the solid-liquid separation equipment and the oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation equipment for collecting and temporarily storing the liquid phase from the solid-liquid separation equipment, and transferring the liquid to the oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation equipment. Separation equipment for stable delivery.

The technical parameters of the two-phase decanter centrifuge can be: the diameter of the drum is 360-760 mm, the length of the drum is 1270-3330 mm, the rotating speed of the drum is 1800-3200 r/min, and the differential speed is 0-65 r/min. The technical parameters of the three-phase vertical disc centrifuge may be: the diameter of the drum is 440-620 mm, the sliding piston is 380-7000 mm, and the rotating speed of the drum is 4500-7100 r/min.

The incoming material of the multi-stage screening equipment is added with a demulsifier in the conditioning tank for demulsification and oil removal, and then enters a buffer tank, where a flocculant is added for flocculation and precipitation, and then enters the two-phase The decanter centrifuge performs solid-liquid separation, and the two-phase decanter centrifuge uses the speed difference between the drum and the screw propeller to perform mechanical centrifugation, and the qualified sludge is directly discharged, and the liquid phase containing trace solids enters the three-phase decanter centrifuge. The three-phase vertical disc centrifuge performs three-phase separation of oil, water and solid. The three-phase vertical disc centrifuge utilizes materials to perform mechanical centrifugation between a set of discs nested together under the action of a high-speed drum. The sliding piston controls the slag discharge action, the separated slop oil is sent to the slop oil temporary storage tank or the slop oil temporary storage tank for recovery, the separated water is sent back to the mixed water temporary storage tank for reuse, and the separated sludge that has passed the treatment is directly discharged.

The traditional hot washing process uses one of two-phase centrifuges or three-phase centrifuges, while two-phase centrifuges can only achieve solid-liquid separation. Separation, because the oil and water after two-phase centrifugation still contain particles below 2 μm, the sedimentation tank or storage tank often has the problem of siltation, and the sedimentation method cannot achieve complete oil-water separation. The oil content in the water gradually increases to saturation, and hot washing loses its effect. Therefore, in order to maintain the concentration of the oil phase in the water, in addition to replenishing the water lost by evaporation, it is also necessary to replenish and discharge a certain amount of oily sewage; generally, a three-phase centrifuge is the best The separation effect is about 1% solid content, and does not accept materials with a solid content greater than 3%. The solid content of the oil sludge sand process is difficult to meet the requirements of the three-phase centrifuge used alone. The centrifugal separation subsystem adopts a combination of a two-phase decanter centrifuge and a three-phase vertical disc centrifuge, which respectively solves the problem of oil-water separation and the problem that the three-phase centrifuge requires low solid content.

Referring to Figure 11 and Figure 12, the hot washing equipment for large particles preferably includes a horizontal drum 39, which is usually made of wear-resistant high manganese steel plate to improve its structural strength and corrosion resistance, The front part of the drum is the bubble washing screen section 40, and the rear part is the discharge section 41. The bubble washing screen section is used for soaking and screening the oily sludge. For the discharge of the sundries after soaking and sieving, the drum can be a one-piece structure, or can be welded by two sections. The side wall of the foam washing screen segment is densely covered with through holes that are used as sieve holes through the inside and outside. The drum feed port, the rear end of the discharge section is provided with a drum discharge port, and the cleaned and up-to-standard sundries discharged from the drum discharge port can be sent to the yard. The rotating drum is provided with a rotating driving mechanism for driving the rotating drum, and the conical structure of the discharging section can prevent the rotating drum from accidentally discharging material during the rotation process. The bottom of the drum is provided with a soaking tank 43, which is used to contain soaking water. The bottom of the drum (or the lower part, the specific soaking depth can be based on the needs of the process, and some or all of the materials can be soaked in the bottom of the drum. soaking water) is located in the soaking tank, so that the sundries located at the bottom of the drum can be soaked in the soaking tank, for example, the drum is located in the soaking tank The height is usually preferably 1/7 to 1/5 of the overall height of the drum. On the one hand, the sundries in the drum can be effectively washed, and the sundries in the drum can be washed Stir and roll up and down on the soaking water surface, and use the impact with the soaking water surface to improve the degreasing effect. The discharge port of the drum is located outside the soaking tank, and the sundries in the drum can be discharged from the discharge port of the drum after soaking (referring to multiple hot washing and screening treatments). The bottom of the bubble washing tank is provided with a drain port 44 for discharging bubble wash water and sieved materials. The drain port is provided with a drain valve 45 for easy control. The drain port can be connected to a collection tank. To collect the discharged liquid, the outlet of the collection tank can be connected to the cleaning tank between the hot-washing equipment for small particles in the molecular system of the hot-washing sieve and the first vibrating screen, and then pass through the subsequent equipment. deal with. The rotating drum is provided with a feeding hopper 55, the discharge port of the feeding hopper extends into the feeding port of the rotating drum, and the upper part of the feeding hopper is provided with a double-toothed roller crusher. The material outlet is connected to the feeding port of the feeding hopper.

The opening area of the soaking tank should generally not be less than the vertical projection area of the drum (mainly refers to the bubble washing screen segment), so that the water entrained by the material when the drum rotates can fall into the soaking tank after falling.

The foam washing screen segment can be in the shape of a micro-cone (the taper is small, much smaller than the taper of the discharge section) with the inner diameter gradually expanding from front to back, so that during the rotation of the drum, the inner diameter of the The debris can be moved towards the rear end of the drum by gravity.

The inner wall of the bubble washing screen segment may be provided with a material-removing column or an inwardly protruding (protruding toward the inner space of the bubble washing screen segment and toward the axis of the bubble washing screen segment) along the axial direction. Pull the material, so that during the rotation of the drum, the sundries in the drum can be moved to make the sundries roll, which is beneficial to improve the hot cleaning effect. The number can be several, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the foam washing screen segment, so as to improve the tumbling effect of the sundries.

The through holes (the sieve holes on the bubble washing screen segment) are preferably diamond-shaped holes, which can effectively avoid the situation that the through holes are blocked by debris, even if the debris blocks the through holes, because the through holes The rhombus has a rhombic structure, and there will also be gaps at the four corners of the rhombus, which will not affect the outflow of bubble washing water and dirty oil in the bubble washing screen segment after the hot washing treatment is completed or reduce the bubble in the bubble washing screen segment. The effect of washing water and slop oil outflow. The diamond-shaped holes are regularly arranged vertically and horizontally on the side wall of the bubble washing screen section, and the diamond-shaped holes of any adjacent row on the side wall of the bubble washing screen section are preferably arranged in dislocation, that is, the sieve bubble washing section. The adjacent sides of any adjacent two diamond-shaped holes in any adjacent row on the side of the segment are parallel to each other, so as to improve the opening ratio, thereby improving the screening efficiency of the soaking screen segment for debris. The length of the long diagonal of the diamond-shaped hole is usually 4-6 mm, such as 4 mm, 5 mm or 6 mm.

The inner wall of the discharge section may be provided with a discharge blade 46 that protrudes inwardly (to the inner space of the discharge section). The forward rotation direction of the drum (the rotation direction when the sundries are hot-washed) is the same, the front end of the drum is located at or close to the connection between the bubble washing screen section and the discharge section, and the rear end is located at or close to the rotary drum. at the discharge port of the drum, so that when the drum rotates in the reverse direction, the discharge blade can use its helical inner arc surface to pick up the sundries and push the sundries to the discharge port of the drum for discharge. , to realize the automatic discharge of the drum. When the drum rotates forward, the discharge blade can use its helical outer arc surface to block the sundries from entering the discharge section, even if the material is discharged by the If the spiral outer arc surface of the material blade is accidentally picked up, it will also slide back into the bubble washing screen section along the outer arc surface. The number of the discharge blades is preferably several, which are evenly distributed in the discharge section.

The rotating drive mechanism may include a rotating shaft 47 and a motor 48. The rotating shaft coaxially passes through the rotating drum and is fixedly connected to the rotating drum. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the motor, and the other end can pass through the matching bearing and the motor. The bearing seat is installed on the frame, and the motor is usually a variable frequency motor that can be forward and reversed, so that it can drive the drum to achieve variable-speed forward and reverse rotation. Usually, during the hot cleaning process The forward rotation speed of the drum is 10r/min.

Several reinforcing rods 49 can be arranged in the bubble washing screen section along the radial direction, the outer end of the strengthening rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bubble washing screen section, and the inner end is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft to improve the The structural strength of the foam washing screen segment, the rotating shaft and the drum can be fixedly connected only by the reinforcing rod, and several of the reinforcing rods are along the same circumference of the foam washing screen segment. to a uniform distribution.

The bubble washing tank is preferably in the shape of an inverted cone (preferably a pyramid shape), which is conducive to the downward flow of the bubble washing water and the material under the sieve, and the liquid discharge port is provided at the bottom end of the bubble washing tank.

The soaking tank is preferably provided with a steam nozzle 50, and a plurality of steam nozzles or steam outlets are arranged on the steam spray pipe located in the soaking tank for aerating the steam in the soaking tank and heating the bubbles. Washing water, in which one or several steam nozzles or steam outlets are downward and facing the liquid discharge port, through aeration, it is ensured that the material under the screen does not accumulate at the bottom of the bubble washing tank, so as to avoid affecting the opening of the liquid discharge valve. Close or block the liquid discharge port, and the remaining steam nozzles or steam outlets are directed upward to agitate the mixing system by aeration.

The steam spray pipe can extend into the soaking tank from the outside of the soaking tank, and is sealedly connected with the tank wall of the soaking tank. The steam nozzle is usually provided with an electric control valve, which is convenient for steam inlet control. The pressure of the steam introduced into the soaking tank is usually 0.2Mpa(G), and the temperature is usually 130°C.

One or more ultrasonic vibrating rods can be provided on the inner wall of the soaking tank, which can be located at a position adjacent to the drum (the bubble washing screen segment) (the upper part of the soaking tank), and extend axially. When there are multiple ultrasonic vibrating rods, the multiple ultrasonic vibrating rods are evenly distributed in the soaking tank. During the hot washing of the material, ultrasonic waves can be applied to the mixing system through the ultrasonic vibrating rods. The cavitation effect produced by ultrasonic waves is used to speed up the degreasing of materials.

The hot-washing device also preferably includes a hood 52, the drum is located in the hood (usually located at the front of the hood), and the bottom end of the front part of the hood is groove-shaped, forming the In the foam washing tank, a hood outlet 53 is provided at the bottom end of the rear of the hood, and the drum outlet is located above the hood outlet, so that the material can be discharged through the hood. The material port is discharged to the outside of the hood, and the top of the hood is provided with an exhaust port for discharging the gas generated during the thermal washing process. The hood is mainly used for personal protection and constitutes the soaking tank.

The soaking tank can also be an independent tank provided in the hood. When this structure is adopted, the liquid discharge port extends out of the hood, or the liquid discharge port is connected to a liquid discharge pipe. The drain pipe extends out of the hood.

The feeding hopper can be equipped with a feeding pipe, which is connected to the drum through the feeding pipe, the bottom end of the feeding hopper is connected to the upper end of the feeding pipe, and the lower end of the feeding pipe extends. into the drum feed port, the feed pipe is inclined from front to back, and the feed hopper and the feed pipe are used to transport the large particles from the debris screening equipment into the drum The upper part of the feeding hopper is provided with a double-toothed roller crusher 57 for crushing the oily sludge.

The lower end (outlet) of the feed pipe can be located at the middle position in the left-right direction on the cross-section of the rotating drum where it is located or other suitable positions, preferably located on the upper-rotation side of the rotating drum in the left-right direction on the cross-section of the rotating drum where it is located. (close to the side that moves upward when the drum rotates), which is higher than the liquid level (soak water) in the drum, so the material falling from the feeding pipe will fall into the liquid from above the liquid surface, and The liquid level collision is beneficial to peel off the oil stain on the surface of the sundries or destroy the adhesion of the oil dirt on the sundries. At the same time, the falling material and the material on the corresponding side (including liquid and solid) move toward each other, which is beneficial to improve the collision force between each other. Increase the peeling effect of oil stains on the material.

The double-toothed roller crusher usually includes two toothed rollers of equal height and parallel, and the two toothed rollers are respectively provided with their own driving motors, which drive the two toothed rollers to rotate relative to each other during operation. There are multiple rows of axially arranged roller teeth (for example, six rows) arranged at equal intervals, and the roller teeth on the two toothed rollers are meshed with a gap (the size of the gap is determined by the particle size of the crushed material), The roller teeth on each of the toothed rollers are preferably inclined toward the direction of the other toothed roller from the inside to the outside, and the inclination angle is preferably 75°～80°, for example, 75°, 78° or 80°, which is beneficial to improve the protection against impurities. In order to improve the crushing effect of the material, the toothed roller and the roller teeth on it are preferably integrally cast with wear-resistant high-manganese alloy to improve its structural strength. After that, it can be automatically reversed for half a turn, and the position of the debris can be adjusted to be broken again. Before hot-washing the large-grained materials from the debris screening equipment, the materials are crushed by the double-toothed roller crusher. On the one hand, there is no need to strictly limit the size and properties of the incoming materials. All the sundries above can be effectively cleaned in the hot washing equipment for large granular materials. On the other hand, the hard large granular materials in the sundries can be crushed into small granular materials, so that they are not easy to be stuck and affect the equipment. It can run and protect the equipment from being hit by heavy objects. After the softer material is broken, the oily mud sand contained in it is easier to wash out.

The upper part of the feeding hopper can be in the shape of a cuboid or a cube, on the one hand, it is convenient for the installation of the double-toothed roller crusher in it, and on the other hand, it is convenient for the two toothed rollers to completely or almost completely cover the double-toothed rollers. The cross section of the installation position of the roller crusher can avoid the leakage of large particles in the incoming sundries and ensure the crushing effect of the sundries. The lower part of the feed hopper can be in the shape of an inverted pyramid, which is convenient for the crushed sundries. Send down.

The lower side wall of the feeding hopper or the pipe wall of the feeding pipe is preferably provided with a water inlet 58 and a chemical inlet 59 for introducing water and pharmaceuticals into the drum, and the water inlet and the A flow meter and an electronically controlled valve may be respectively provided on the pharmaceutical inlet or the pipeline connecting the water inlet and the pharmaceutical inlet to control the amount of water and the amount of pharmaceuticals that pass into the drum.

The large particle material hot washing equipment may be provided with a frame 60 for integral support and fixing of various components. The feeding hopper can be provided with a feeding device for conveying materials into the feeding hopper, and the feeding device can include a sundries collecting hopper 61, and the sundry collecting hopper is provided with a device for driving it to lift and lower. The lifting and flipping driving mechanism of the flipping, when working, the lifting and flipping driving mechanism first drives the debris collection bucket to rise, and when the debris collection bucket rises to a specified height (higher than the height of the feeding hopper), The sundries collection hopper is driven to turn over in the direction of the feeding hopper, and the material contained therein is poured into the feeding hopper. When the feeding hopper is provided with a feeding device, the large-particle materials from the debris screening equipment are first sent into the debris collection hopper, and then transported from the debris collection hopper to the feed hopper Inside.

The feeding device may also include two vertically parallel groove-shaped slide rails (the slide grooves are opposite to each other) 62, a pulley 63 and a support rod 64. The upper part of the slide rails is bent toward the feeding hopper, and the slide The top end of the rail is located above the feed hopper, and the trolley is installed on the two trolleys by sliding fit on the two first pulleys 65 hinged on it (the side of the trolley facing the feed hopper is hinged at the same height). On the rail, the support rod is installed on the two sliding rails in sliding fit through two second pulleys 66 hinged at the bottom end (which can be hinged through the vertical and horizontal connecting rods with the support rod). Two pulleys are located below the first pulley, the top end of the support rod is hinged with the middle of the pulley, and a matching detachable plug-in structure is provided between the pulley and the sundries collecting bucket.

The lifting and turning drive mechanism may include a hydraulic cylinder, a sprocket and a chain, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the frame, its piston rod is vertically upward, the sprocket is hinged on the top end of the piston rod, and the chain is It is wound around the sprocket, one end of which is fixed on the frame (lower than the sprocket), and the other end is connected to the lower part of the support rod or the connecting rod. After the debris collection bucket collects the materials, it is connected with the pulley through the detachable plug-in structure, and the piston rod is controlled to move upward, and the support rod and the pulley are driven along the chain through the chain. The sliding rail slides upward, thereby driving the debris collection bucket to move upward, and stops when the debris collection bucket moves to the highest point (that is, when the first pulley moves to the top of the sliding rail, the The debris collection bucket is located above the feed hopper), the chain drives the support rod to continue to slide up along the slide rail, and the support rod pushes the pulley and the debris collection bucket toward the The direction of the feeding hopper is reversed, and the materials in the sundries collection hopper are poured into the feeding hopper. After the debris collection hopper has poured the material into the feed hopper, the piston rod is controlled to move downward, and the support rod and the pulley are driven to slide down along the slide rail by the chain until the reset.

The sundries collection bucket can be in the shape of an irregular cuboid, with an open top, one of the two opposite side walls is higher than the other side wall, and the tops of the other two opposite side walls are oblique lines, For example, the debris collecting hopper may be of the following dimensions, 800mm long and 700mm wide, one of the two opposite side walls is 900mm high and the other side wall is 700mm high. The sundries collection hopper adopts such a structural shape. When the material is poured into the feed hopper, the higher side wall is usually directed toward the feed hopper, so that when the sundries collection hopper is turned over, its The material inside slides into the feeding hopper along the higher side wall, and is not easy to fall out of the feeding hopper. The bottom four corners of the sundries collection bucket can be provided with rollers for easy movement, and the outer wall of the lower side wall can be provided with push handles for easy pushing by hand.

The detachable plug-in structure may include two insertion rods 67 which are fixed on the pulley and protrude outwards and two slots 68 which are set on the sundries collecting bucket. Usually set on the left and right sides of the pulley, extending toward the direction away from the feeding hopper, with equal height and horizontal parallel, the two slots are usually set on the left and right sides of the sundries collection hopper, Horizontally parallel and at the same height as the insertion rod, the notch faces the direction of the higher side wall of the debris collection bucket.

The working method and process of the hot-washing equipment for large-particle materials are as follows: after the debris collection hopper collects the large-particle materials from the debris screening equipment, the debris collection bucket is pushed to make the pulley go up. The insertion rod is inserted into the slot on the sundry collection bucket, the lifting and turning drive mechanism is activated, the sundry collection bucket is raised, and when the sundries collection bucket is raised to the highest point (the sliding The top of the rail) is turned over and the debris collection hopper is poured into the feed hopper. After the material is poured, the debris collection hopper is reset. The oily sludge and sundries are crushed by the double-toothed roller crusher in the feed hopper, and the crushed materials slide into the rotating drum. Keep the drain valve closed, add a certain amount of medicament and clean water to the drum through the water inlet and the medicament inlet to a certain liquid level, and pass the steam nozzle to the soaking tank. Enter the steam for cooking and aeration. The rotating drive mechanism of the drum is activated to make the drum rotate, and the materials slide and collide at the bottom of the drum for soaking and cleaning. The debris is peeled off, and falls into the bubble washing tank through the through holes on the bubble washing screen section. After cleaning for a certain period of time, the drain valve is opened to discharge the bubble washing water and the material under the sieve (fine Sediment), close the drain valve after draining. Pour clean water, chemicals, and steam into the drum again to continue cleaning, and then drain the liquid (including the fine sand that has been further cleaned), and stop after repeated cleaning several times (the debris meets the cleaning requirements). The gas discharged from the exhaust port is collected and processed through a pipeline. The rotary drum is controlled to rotate in the opposite direction by the rotary drive mechanism of the rotary drum, and the washed sundries in the rotary drum are discharged from the discharge port of the rotary drum through the discharge blades to complete the entire cleaning process.

The auxiliary subsystem may further include a back-mixing water tank, a slop oil storage tank and a dosing device, the water outlet of the back-mixing water temporary storage tank is connected to the water inlet of the back-mixing water tank, and the back-mixing water tank is The water outlet can be connected to the water inlet of each water equipment in the multi-stage hot washing and screening system, and the back mixing water tank can be provided with a water replenishing port and a steam inlet pipe (for heating the water in the back mixing water tank), The temperature of the heated water in the remixing water tank is preferably 60-90°C; the oil outlet of the slop oil temporary storage tank is connected to the oil inlet of the slop oil storage tank, and the slop oil storage tank is provided with There is an oil outlet and a transfer pump, which are used to transport the collected dirty oil; the dosing device can include a plurality of drug storage tanks, which are used to hold different medicaments, such as demulsifier, flocculant and the heat of the large particle material. The medicine used for washing equipment, etc., the medicine outlet of each medicine storage tank is respectively connected to the medicine inlet of the corresponding medicine equipment, the connecting pipeline can be provided with a delivery pump, and each medicine storage tank can be provided with a stirrer ( such as stirring paddles).

The auxiliary subsystem may further include an air compressor for providing 0.4-1.0 MPa(G) compressed air for the vacuum feeder.

The steam inlet pipe of each equipment in the multi-stage hot washing and screening system containing oily sludge and sundries can use the same steam source, the pressure of the incoming steam can be controlled through the corresponding valve or steam nozzle, and the corresponding heat exchange can be used. The device controls the temperature of the incoming steam.

The multi-stage hot washing and screening system is usually also equipped with a PLC control system. The PLC control system controls the operation of each equipment, the opening and closing of each valve, and the on-off of each pipeline. After setting the parameters of each equipment (such as , running time, cleaning times, rotational speed, water inflow, chemical inflow, steam inflow, etc.), the multi-stage hot washing and screening system can independently complete the hot washing of oily sludge and debris without manual participation. The PLC control system may adopt any PLC control system suitable for controlling industrial equipment and systems in the prior art.

The working principle of the multi-stage hot washing and screening method and system for oily sludge debris is as follows:

The hot washing process of oily sludge debris is mainly to use the oily sludge debris in the hot washing sieve molecular system and the hot washing equipment for large-particle materials, and the dirty oil is realized under the combined action of hot water at a certain temperature, surfactants and mechanical force. The process of separating from the solid phase surface to the water phase; and then using the density difference to further realize the separation of oil-cement in two-phase centrifuges and three-phase centrifuges. The size of the specific surface area of the solid particles determines the difficulty of its treatment. The molecular system of the hot-washing sieve is connected in series with the hot-washing equipment for small-particle materials and the multi-stage screening equipment, so that the materials with larger specific surface areas can be cleaned more and ensure the discharge of materials. The oil content is less than 2%.

The working process of the multi-stage hot-washing and screening system containing oily sludge is as follows:

The oily sludge debris is unloaded into the debris storage tank through the oil sludge transport vehicle, and steam is introduced into the pool to heat and fluidize the oily sludge debris, and then the oily sludge debris is sent to the vibrating hopper by the gantry crane for initial screening, and the larger ones are screened. Stones, bolts, iron wires, gloves, bottles, cloth bags and other production and domestic wastes are screened out, and then dropped from the chute into the debris collection bucket for collection, and sent to the hot-washing equipment for large-particle materials for processing. The mixture of stones, mud sand, oil and water falls into the lower part of the vibrating hopper, and after adding a certain amount of back-mixing water, it is sent to the hot washing equipment for small particles through the vacuum feeder for processing.

The small particle material hot washing equipment undertakes the incoming material from the upstream vacuum feeder. First, the power brought by the incoming material is eliminated through the energy dissipation box at the entrance. After the incoming material is hot washed and screened by the small particle material hot washing equipment, the Qualified large particle size materials (stones, cloth pieces, etc.) fall into the belt conveyor from the drum discharge port to be sent to the yard, and small particle size materials (mainly oil mud sand) fall into the cleaning port through the liquid discharge port or the outlet of the material conveying trough. In the tank, the cleaning tank also receives the cleaning liquid from the hot-washing equipment for large-particle materials, and also plays the role of preventing the sedimentation of mud and sand while stirring and hot-washing, and then sends the material to the first vibrating screen through the slurry pump.

The first vibrating screen receives the incoming material from the upstream slurry pump, the large-sized particles (coarse sand) on the screen fall into the belt conveyor and enter the yard, and the particles and oil and water passing through the screen gap fall into the cleaning tank at the bottom. After washing, it is sent to the second vibrating screen by the slurry pump.

The second vibrating screen receives the incoming material from the upstream slurry pump. The large-sized particles (fine sand) on the screen fall into the belt conveyor and enter the yard. The particles and oil and water passing through the screen gap fall into the cleaning tank at the bottom. After washing, the slurry pump is sent to the cyclone desander and/or cyclone desander.

The cyclone desander and/or the cyclone desilter receives the incoming material from the upstream slurry pump, and the material enters the cyclone desander and/or the cyclone desilter tangentially from the inlet, and is affected by centrifugal sedimentation. Part of the coarse particles (sand mud) are discharged from the underflow port, screened and concentrated again by (screening equipment, such as a braided screen), and then sent to the yard by a belt conveyor, while most of the fine particles (mud) are discharged from the overflow port. It falls into the cleaning tank for stirring and hot washing, and then is sent to the conditioning tank by the slurry pump.

The conditioning tank receives the incoming material from the upstream slurry pump, removes part of the oil by adding a demulsifier, and then the material falls into the buffer tank by gravity. The material after the medicine is fed by the screw pump to the two-phase decanter centrifuge, and the two-phase decanter centrifuge discharges the qualified solid phase (mud), falls into the screw conveyor and sends it to the storage yard, and the discharged liquid phase flows through the overflow. The tank is sent to the three-phase vertical disc centrifuge, and the oil phase separated by the three-phase vertical disc centrifuge is collected by the slop oil temporary storage tank, and then sent to the slop oil storage tank through the sewage oil transfer pump. The phase is collected by the back-mixing water temporary storage tank, and then sent to the back-mixing water tank by the back-mixing water pump, and the qualified solid phase (mud) is sent to the storage yard by the screw conveyor.

The hopper of the hot-washing equipment for large-particle materials collects oily debris such as stones, bolts, iron wires, gloves and linoleum screened by the vibrating hopper. Under the combined action of rotating and turning, steam aeration and chemicals, multiple cleanings are carried out to ensure that the qualified materials are discharged, sent to the storage yard by the belt conveyor, the discharged liquid is discharged into the collection tank, and then sent to the small particle materials by the submersible sewage pump The cleaning tank between the hot cleaning equipment and the first vibrating screen continues the subsequent processing.

The back-mixing water tank receives the water phase separated by the three-phase vertical disc centrifuge. In the case of supplementing a small amount of water, it is heated by steam to maintain a certain water temperature, and the back-mixing water supply pump provides hot water for other processes.

The dosing device sends the prepared demulsifier solution to the conditioning tank through the demulsifier feeding pump, and the prepared flocculant is sent to the buffer tank through the flocculant feeding pump, and the prepared medicament is sent to the large particle material to heat. Soak tank for washing equipment.

The slop oil storage tank receives the incoming material from the slop oil temporary storage tank, and sends it out through the slop oil discharge pump.

The air compressor provides compressed air, which supplies air to the vacuum feeder after passing through the buffer tank and the dryer.

Claims (10)

1. the multistage hot-washing screening method of oily sludge sundries is characterized in that comprising the following steps: S1: Primary screening of oily sludge debris; S2: Perform the under-sieve material hot-washing treatment and the multi-stage screening treatment on the under-screen material of the primary screening in sequence, and the material processed by the first-stage screening treatment in the multi-stage screening treatment is the under-screen material hot-washing treatment. Discharge, the material processed by any next-stage screening treatment is the under-screened material of the previous-stage screening treatment, and the sieve hole of the screening device used in any sub-stage screening treatment is smaller than that of the previous-stage screening treatment. The sieve holes of the sieving device used in the treatment make the particle size of the material under the sieve different in the sieving treatment at all levels. During the conveying process of the sub-screened material being sent to the next level of screening treatment, ultrasonic waves are applied to the conveyed material to peel off the oil from the surface of the material, and the three-phase material, oil and water are layered and collected. The oil floating in the upper layer is rinsed and deoiled for the materials on the sieve screened at all levels to further ensure the degreasing effect of the materials on the sieve and the discharge of the material meets the standard; S3: perform hot-washing treatment on the material on the sieve that is initially screened; S4: Perform solid-liquid separation on the material under the sieve processed by the final screening in S2, and perform oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation on the liquid phase after the solid-liquid separation. 2. the multi-stage hot washing and screening method of oily sludge sundries as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in described S4, first carry out demulsification and degreasing and flocculation precipitation to the material under the screen of last stage screening treatment After that, solid-liquid separation is carried out. 3. the multistage hot washing and screening method of oily sludge sundries as claimed in claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described under-screen material hot washing treatment and multistage screening treatment comprise the following steps: S21: soak and wash the material; S22: Multi-stage screening is performed on the soaked and washed materials, the material processed by the first-stage screening process is the feed, and the material processed by any next-stage screening process is the under-screen material processed by the previous-stage screening process , During the conveying process of sending the under-screened material from the previous screening treatment to the next screening treatment, ultrasonic waves are applied to the conveyed material to peel off the oil from the surface of the material, and make the material, oil and The water is separated into three phases, and the oil floating in the upper layer is collected. 4. the multistage hot washing and screening method of oily sludge sundries as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that in described S21, the mixing system of material and soaking water is heated and stirred, in described S22 , rinsing and degreasing the material on the screen. 5. The multi-stage hot-washing and screening method for oily sludge sundries as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in said S3, the oily mud sundries are first crushed, and then the crushed sundries are crushed. Hot washing and screening treatment. The method of hot washing and screening treatment is to add chemicals and water into the treatment equipment, heat and agitate together with the sundries to be treated in the treatment equipment, and perform screening while heating and agitating. The washing and sieving process is performed once or several times. After each hot washing and sieving process is completed, the material and liquid under the sieve are discharged. 6. the multistage hot washing and screening method of oily sludge sundries as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that adopting the mode of feeding steam into the mixed system of sundries, medicament and water to heat, adopting steam aeration and The mixed system is agitated by means of mechanical agitation. 7. The multi-stage hot washing and screening system of oily sludge sundries is characterized in that comprising: The feeding subsystem includes debris screening equipment, and the debris screening equipment is provided with a screening device, a large particle material outlet and a small particle material outlet; The hot-washing sieve molecular system includes the small-particle material hot-washing equipment and the multi-stage screening equipment connected in sequence. The under-screen material outlet of the device is connected to the feed port of the next-stage screening device. The multi-stage screening device includes three screening devices, which are the first vibrating screen, the second vibrating screen and the cyclone from front to back. Desander, cleaning tanks are provided between the small particle material hot washing equipment and the first vibrating screen, between the screening equipment at all levels, and between the final screening equipment and the centrifugal separation subsystem; The centrifugal separation subsystem includes solid-liquid separation equipment and oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation equipment. The material outlet under the sieve of the last-stage screening equipment in the multi-stage screening equipment is connected to the feed port of the solid-liquid separation equipment. The liquid-phase outlet of the solid-liquid separation device is connected to the feed inlet of the oil-liquid-solid three-phase separation device; The auxiliary subsystem includes a large-particle material hot-washing device, and the large-particle material outlet is connected to a feed port of the large-particle material hot-washing device. 8. The multi-stage hot-washing and screening system for oily sludge sundries as claimed in claim 7, wherein the hot-washing equipment for small-particle materials comprises a hot-washing device, and the hot-washing device comprises a horizontal drum and a vertical Type separation tank, the inner wall of the drum is provided with a spiral material copying plate from front to back, the front of the drum is a soaking and washing section, and the rear is a sieving section. The soaking and washing section and the screening section The sections are connected by a cone section, the diameter of the screen section is smaller than the diameter of the soaking section, the barrel wall of the screen section is densely covered with through holes that are used as screen holes, and the drum passes through the The side wall of the separation tank is rotatably connected with the separation tank, the screen section is located in the separation tank, the drum is provided with a rotary drive mechanism for driving its rotation, and the separation tank is provided with a material conveying groove , the material conveying trough is inclined downward from front to back, located below the screen section, and one or more ultrasonic vibrating rods are arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the material conveying trough. 9. The multi-stage hot-washing and screening system of oily sludge sundries as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the sieve hole of the screening device of any next-stage screening device in the multi-stage screening device is smaller than its size. The screen hole of the screening device of the previous screening equipment. 10. The multi-stage hot-washing and screening system for oily sludge sundries as claimed in claim 9, wherein the hot-washing equipment for large-particle materials comprises a horizontal rotating drum, and the front part of the rotating drum is a foam washing machine. The screen section has a discharge section at the rear. The side wall of the bubble washing screen section is densely covered with through holes that are used as sieve holes. The front end of the foam washing screen segment is provided with a drum feed port, the rear end of the discharge section is provided with a drum discharge port, and the drum is provided with a rotary drive mechanism for driving it to rotate. The bottom of the drum is provided with a soaking tank, the bottom of the drum is located in the soaking tank, the discharge port of the drum is located outside the soaking tank, and the bottom of the soaking tank is provided with a drain The liquid discharge port is provided with a liquid discharge valve, the drum is provided with a feeding hopper, the discharge port of the feeding hopper extends into the feeding port of the rotary drum, and the upper part of the feeding hopper A double-toothed roller crusher is provided, and the large particle material outlet is connected to the feeding port of the feeding hopper.

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