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CN113056860A - Variable motor lamination - Google Patents

Variable motor lamination Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113056860A
CN113056860A CN201980075786.4A CN201980075786A CN113056860A CN 113056860 A CN113056860 A CN 113056860A CN 201980075786 A CN201980075786 A CN 201980075786A CN 113056860 A CN113056860 A CN 113056860A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
stator
rotor
rotor portion
magnet
series
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201980075786.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113056860B (en
Inventor
马扎鲁尔·乔杜里
M·S·伊斯兰姆
穆罕默德·伊斯兰姆
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HL Mando Corp
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Mando Corp
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Publication date
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Priority claimed from PCT/KR2019/015683 external-priority patent/WO2020101440A1/en
Publication of CN113056860A publication Critical patent/CN113056860A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN113056860B publication Critical patent/CN113056860B/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/741—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on an ultimate actuator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
    • B60T1/065—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels employing disc
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/746—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive and mechanical transmission of the braking action
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/26—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels
    • B60T8/28—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels responsive to deceleration
    • B60T8/282—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels responsive to deceleration using ball and ramp
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D15/00—Steering not otherwise provided for
    • B62D15/02—Steering position indicators ; Steering position determination; Steering aids
    • B62D15/021—Determination of steering angle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
    • B62D5/0442—Conversion of rotational into longitudinal movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
    • B62D5/0457—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such
    • B62D5/046—Controlling the motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/092—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D65/095—Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/097—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts
    • F16D65/0973—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts not subjected to brake forces
    • F16D65/0979—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts not subjected to brake forces acting on the rear side of the pad or an element affixed thereto, e.g. spring clips securing the pad to the brake piston or caliper
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
    • F16D65/183—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes with force-transmitting members arranged side by side acting on a spot type force-applying member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/30—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using externally-actuatable means
    • F16H48/34—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using externally-actuatable means using electromagnetic or electric actuators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • G01B7/315—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing wheel alignment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H02K21/16—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having annular armature cores with salient poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02K29/03—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/06—Means for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice versa
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/81—Braking systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
    • F16D2121/04—Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/24—Electric or magnetic using motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/44—Mechanical mechanisms transmitting rotation
    • F16D2125/46—Rotating members in mutual engagement
    • F16D2125/50—Rotating members in mutual engagement with parallel non-stationary axes, e.g. planetary gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2127/00—Auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2127/06—Locking mechanisms, e.g. acting on actuators, on release mechanisms or on force transmission mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/04—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by moving discs or pads away from one another against radial walls of drums or cylinders
    • F16D55/14—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by moving discs or pads away from one another against radial walls of drums or cylinders with self-tightening action, e.g. by means of coacting helical surfaces or balls and inclined surfaces

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有转子和定子的电动机，其中转子和/或定子可以包括两个或更多个部分，并且与转子(或定子)的部分关联的磁场所引起的扭矩波动可以至少部分地抵消与转子(或定子)的其他部分关联的磁场所引起的扭矩波动。

Figure 201980075786

An electric motor having a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor and/or the stator may comprise two or more parts, and torque fluctuations caused by magnetic fields associated with the parts of the rotor (or stator) may at least partially cancel the Torque fluctuations due to magnetic fields associated with other parts of the stator).

Figure 201980075786

Description

Variable motor lamination
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to electric motors and discusses methods of reducing ripple in motor torque and reducing cogging torque.
Background
The motor operates by rotation of the rotor relative to the stator under the influence of magnetic interaction between the rotor and stator components. As the rotor rotates relative to the stator, the interaction force/torque between the rotor and the stator may vary due to variations in the associated magnetic fields. One effect on torque involved in relative rotation may be referred to as "cogging torque". Cogging torque may be understood as the torque produced by the interaction between magnets (e.g., permanent magnets) and slots. In some embodiments, the magnets may be associated with the rotor and the slots may be associated with the stator, and in some embodiments, the magnets may be associated with the stator and the slots may be associated with the rotor. Sometimes, cogging torque may be referred to as cogging torque or "currentless" torque. Generally, cogging torque is undesirable and may be associated with motor jitter and torque ripple, particularly at low speeds. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce cogging torque of the motor.
Another effect on torque involved in the relative rotation may be referred to as "torque ripple". Torque ripple may refer to a periodic increase or decrease in output torque for motor rotation.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure provides an electric motor with variable motor laminations.
In a first aspect disclosed herein, there is provided an electric motor rotor comprising: a rotor comprising first and second rotor portions and a series of magnets, the first rotor portion comprising: a series of magnet receptacles adjacent an outer edge of the first rotor portion and configured to receive respective magnets for magnetic interaction with a series of coils located in the stator and distributed around the first rotor portion to effect relative rotation of the rotor and stator when the coils are energized during operation; each of the magnets having a respective d-axis extending through the magnet and an outer edge of the first rotor portion; the first rotor portion comprises, for each magnet, a respective air hole or air barrier symmetrical with respect to a respective d-axis; wherein each air hole or air barrier generates an asymmetric magnetic field of the respective magnet; the second rotor portion includes: a series of magnet receptacles adjacent an outer edge of the second rotor portion and configured to receive respective magnets for magnetic interaction with a series of coils located in the stator and distributed around the second rotor portion to effect relative rotation of the rotor and stator when the coils are energized during operation; each of the magnets has a respective d-axis extending through the magnet and the outer edge of the second rotor portion; the second rotor portion comprises, for each magnet, a respective air hole or air barrier that is asymmetrical with respect to a respective d-axis; wherein each air hole or air barrier generates an asymmetric magnetic field of the respective magnet; wherein the first rotor portion is disposed in series with the second rotor portion, the magnet receiving portion of the first rotor portion corresponding to the magnet receiving portion of the second rotor portion; and wherein each of the magnets is located within the magnet receptacle of the first rotor portion and the magnet receptacle of the second rotor portion; wherein during operation the asymmetry of the magnetic field of the second rotor section causes torque fluctuations that at least partially cancel out fluctuations in the asymmetry of the magnetic field of the first rotor section.
In a second aspect disclosed herein, there is provided an electric motor stator comprising: a first rotor portion, a second rotor portion, and a series of coils, the first rotor portion comprising: a series of winding openings, each winding opening configured to receive a wire to form one of a series of coils wound around the teeth of the first stator portion; each tooth of the first stator portion providing a first stator magnetic field; the second stator portion includes: a series of winding openings, each winding opening configured to receive a wire to form one of a series of coils wound around the teeth of the second stator portion; each tooth of the second stator portion providing a second stator magnetic field; wherein the first stator portion is arranged in series with the second stator portion, the teeth of the first stator portion correspond to the teeth of the second stator portion, and the coil of each tooth is made by winding a conductor around the teeth of the first stator portion and the corresponding teeth of the second stator portion, and during operation, the first stator magnetic field causes a first fluctuation in torque that at least partially cancels a second fluctuation in torque caused by the second stator magnetic field.
In a third aspect disclosed herein, there is provided an electric motor comprising: a rotor comprising first and second rotor portions and a series of magnets; and a motor stator including first and second stator portions and a series of coils, wherein the first rotor portion includes: a series of magnet receptacles adjacent an outer edge of the first rotor portion and configured to receive respective magnets for magnetic interaction with a series of coils located in the stator and distributed around the first rotor portion to effect relative rotation of the rotor and stator when the coils are energized during operation; each of the magnets having a respective d-axis extending through the magnet and an outer edge of the first rotor portion; a first rotor portion comprising, for each magnet, a respective gas hole or gas barrier that is asymmetric with respect to a respective d-axis; wherein each air hole or air barrier causes an asymmetric magnetic field of the respective magnet; the second rotor portion includes: a series of magnet receptacles adjacent an outer edge of the second rotor portion and configured to receive respective magnets for magnetic interaction with a series of coils located in the stator and distributed around the second rotor portion to effect relative rotation of the rotor and stator when the coils are energized during operation; each of the magnets having a respective d-axis extending through the magnet and the outer edge of the second rotor portion; a second rotor portion comprising, for each magnet, a respective air hole or air barrier that is asymmetric with respect to a respective d-axis; wherein each air hole or air barrier causes an asymmetric magnetic field of the respective magnet; wherein the first rotor portion is disposed in series with the second rotor portion, wherein the magnet receiving portion of the first rotor portion corresponds to the magnet receiving portion of the second rotor portion; and wherein each of the magnets is located within the magnet receptacle of the first rotor portion and the magnet receptacle of the second rotor portion; the first stator portion includes: a series of winding openings, each winding opening configured to receive a wire to form one of a series of coils wound around the teeth of the first stator portion; each tooth of the first stator portion providing a first stator magnetic field; the second stator portion includes: a series of winding openings, each winding opening configured to receive a wire to form one of a series of coils wound around the teeth of the second stator portion; each tooth of the second stator portion providing a second stator magnetic field; wherein the first stator portion is disposed in series with the second stator portion, the teeth of the first stator portion correspond to the teeth of the second stator portion, and the coil of each tooth is made by winding a conductor around the teeth of the first stator portion and the corresponding teeth of the second stator portion; and during operation the first stator magnetic field causes torque fluctuations that at least partially cancel torque fluctuations caused by the second stator magnetic field.
In a first embodiment of the second or third aspect, the teeth of the first stator comprise a first tooth head having a first tooth head shape, the teeth of the second stator part comprise a second tooth head having a second tooth head shape, the first tooth head and the second tooth head are different from each other, and the difference between the first torque ripple and the second torque ripple is related to the difference of the first tooth head shape and the second tooth head shape.
In a second embodiment of the second or third aspect, the teeth of the first stator comprise a first tooth head having a first tooth head shape, the teeth of the second stator part comprise a second tooth head having a second tooth head shape, the first tooth head and the second tooth head are different from each other, and the difference between the first and second torque ripple is related to the difference between the first and second tooth head shapes, and the edge-to-edge widths of the first tooth head shape and the second tooth head shape are different.
In a third embodiment of the second or third aspect, the teeth of the first stator comprise a first tooth head having a first tooth head shape, the teeth of the second stator portion comprise a second tooth head having a second tooth head shape, the first and second tooth heads are different from each other, and the difference between the first and second torque fluctuations is related to the difference between the first and second tooth head shapes, and the first tooth head has a face comprising one or more facets, the second tooth head has a face comprising one or more facets corresponding to the one or more facets of the first tooth head, and the first tooth head shape and the second tooth head shape differ in the corresponding surface area of the facets of the first tooth head and the facets of the second tooth head.
In a fourth embodiment of the third aspect, the asymmetry of the magnetic fields in the first and second rotor portions is caused only by the asymmetry in the air holes.
In a fifth embodiment of the third aspect, the asymmetry of the magnetic field in the first and second rotor portions is caused only by asymmetry in the gas barrier.
In a first embodiment of the first aspect, the asymmetry of the magnetic fields in the first and second rotor portions is caused only by the asymmetry in the air holes.
In a second embodiment of the first aspect, the asymmetry of the magnetic fields in the first and second rotor portions is caused only by asymmetry in the gas barrier.
In a third embodiment of the first aspect, the electric motor rotor further comprises a third rotor portion comprising: a series of magnet receptacles adjacent an outer edge of the third rotor portion and configured to receive respective magnets for magnetic interaction with a series of coils located in the stator and distributed about the third rotor portion to effect relative rotation of the rotor and stator when the coils are energized during operation; each of the magnets having a respective d-axis extending through the magnet and an outer edge of the first rotor portion; wherein the third rotor portion is aligned with the first rotor portion and the second rotor portion, and wherein the magnet receiving portion of the third rotor portion corresponds to the magnet receiving portion of the first rotor portion and the second rotor portion; and wherein each of the magnets is located within the magnet receptacle of the first, second and third rotor portions.
In a fourth embodiment of the first aspect, the electric motor rotor further comprises a third rotor portion comprising: a series of magnet receptacles adjacent an outer edge of the third rotor portion and configured to receive respective magnets for magnetic interaction with a series of coils located in the stator and distributed around the third rotor to effect relative rotation of the rotor and stator when the coils are energized during operation; each of the magnets has a respective d-axis that extends through the magnet and the outer edge of the first rotor portion. Wherein the third rotor portion is aligned with the first and second rotor portions and the magnet receiving portion of the third rotor portion corresponds to the magnet receiving portions of the first and second rotor portions; and wherein each of the magnets is located within the magnet receptacle of the first, second and third rotor portions, and the third rotor portion includes a respective air hole or air barrier for each magnet that is asymmetric with respect to the respective d-axis; wherein each air hole or air barrier generates an asymmetric magnetic field for the respective magnet and during operation the asymmetry of the magnetic field of the third rotor part results in a torque ripple which at least partially counteracts the fluctuation of the asymmetry of the magnetic field of the first rotor part and/or the second rotor part.
In a seventh embodiment of the third aspect, the electric motor rotor further comprises a third rotor portion comprising: a series of magnet receptacles adjacent an outer edge of the third rotor portion and configured to receive respective magnets for magnetic interaction with a series of coils located in the stator and distributed about the third rotor portion to effect relative rotation of the rotor and stator when the coils are energized during operation; each of the magnets having a respective d-axis extending through the magnet and an outer edge of the first rotor portion; wherein the third rotor portion is aligned with the first and second rotor portions and the magnet receiving portion of the third rotor portion corresponds to the magnet receiving portions of the first and second rotor portions; and wherein each of the magnets is located within the magnet receptacle of the first, second and third rotor portions.
In an eighth embodiment of the third aspect, the electric motor rotor further comprises a third rotor portion comprising: a series of magnet receptacles adjacent an outer edge of the third rotor portion and configured to receive respective magnets for magnetic interaction with a series of coils located in the stator and distributed about the third rotor portion to effect relative rotation of the rotor and stator when the coils are energized during operation; each of the magnets has a respective d-axis extending through the magnet and an outer edge of the first rotor portion. Wherein the third rotor portion is aligned with the first and second rotor portions and the magnet receiving portion of the third rotor portion corresponds to the magnet receiving portions of the first and second rotor portions; and wherein each of the magnets is located within the magnet receptacle of the first, second and third rotor portions, and the third rotor portion includes a respective air hole or air barrier for each magnet that is asymmetric with respect to the respective d-axis; wherein each air hole or air barrier causes an asymmetric magnetic field of the respective magnet and during operation the asymmetry of the magnetic field of the third rotor part causes torque fluctuations that at least partially counteract the asymmetric fluctuations of the magnetic field of the first and/or second rotor part.
In a fourth aspect, an electric motor is provided having a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor and/or the stator may comprise two or more parts and torque fluctuations caused by a magnetic field associated with one part of the rotor (or the stator) may at least partially cancel torque fluctuations caused by a magnetic field associated with another part of the rotor (or the stator).
Motors according to embodiments of the present disclosure may reduce ripple and cogging torque in motor torque through variable motor laminations.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an embodiment of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an embodiment of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an embodiment of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of an embodiment of a stator with variable laminations.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of an embodiment of a magnet in a rotor.
FIG. 6 is a diagram of an embodiment of a magnet in a rotor.
Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of a symmetrical tooth of a stator.
Fig. 8 and 9 show embodiments of asymmetric teeth of a stator.
FIG. 10 is a plot of modeled torque ripple versus rotor position for an embodiment of a rotor in an electric motor.
FIG. 11 is a plot of modeled cogging torque versus rotor position for an embodiment of a rotor in an electric motor.
Fig. 12 shows an embodiment of stator teeth with different edge-to-edge widths.
Fig. 13 and 14 show an embodiment of a stator tooth having a tooth surface comprising facets.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough description of various embodiments disclosed herein. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the presently claimed invention may be practiced without any of the specific details discussed below. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order not to obscure the invention.
Rotating electric motors, including permanent magnet motors, may operate by magnetic interaction between rotors located within a stator. The description provided herein will be based on an interior permanent magnet motor, however the teachings provided may also be directed to a directional embodiment that is a surface permanent magnet motor. Additionally, the description provided herein will be based on magnets on or within a rotor surrounded by a stator, which may include coils and include slots, although the teachings provided may also be directed to embodiments where the magnets are located on or within the stator and the rotor includes coils and/or slots.
As shown in fig. 1, the motor 11 may include a rotor 12 surrounded by a stator 13. The rotor may include a series of magnets 21 disposed near an outer edge 28 of the rotor. The magnet may be located in the receptacle 22 and may have any suitable shape. In fig. 1, each magnet is "V" shaped. In further embodiments, the magnets may be bar shaped, rectangular, "U" shaped, combinations of these shapes, and combinations with "V" shaped magnets. Each magnet may also be a single piece or multiple pieces, where the magnets of fig. 1 are two pieces, with the polarity of each piece pointing in the same direction. In many motor embodiments, a series of magnets may have alternating polarities, with the polarity of one magnet pointing in a first direction and the polarity of the next magnet traveling around the rotor pointing in the opposite direction.
The magnet 21 may be located in the receptacle 22. The magnet accommodation portion 22 may be shaped such that the magnet 21 may be located in the accommodation portion 22. The magnet receptacle 22 may be shaped to include one or more gas barriers 25, for example at the ends of the magnet 21 or along the surface of the magnet 21, the gas barriers 25 providing an air gap between the magnet 21 inside the receptacle 22 and the inner walls of the receptacle 22. In some embodiments, multiple gas barriers 25 may be present within the receptacle 22. In fig. 1, the receptacle 22 has three gas barriers 25, one gas barrier 25 at each opposing end of the first and second portions of each magnet 21, and one receptacle 22 between adjacent ends of the first and second portions of each magnet 21.
The rotor may be of any suitable design. The rotor 12 shown in fig. 1 is shown with a stator 13, the stator 13 including a series of inwardly oriented slotted teeth 14, and winding openings 15 located between adjacent teeth 14 and configured for winding coils on each tooth.
The motor is operated by energizing the coils in turn, which then generate an electromagnetic field that interacts with the magnets of the rotor to apply torque to the rotor and rotate the rotor relative to the stator. As the motor rotates, the teeth (and corresponding coils) magnetically interact with nearby magnets, and in some embodiments, this interaction may vary, resulting in fluctuations in the torque provided by the motor. In some embodiments, increasing the number of teeth and magnets may reduce the size of the undulations. However, other methods of reducing the fluctuations are also desirable.
In one approach to reducing torque ripple, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, asymmetry may be provided in the first portion of the rotor 12a by providing an asymmetric air hole 24 in the first portion of the rotor 12a, for example at each of the magnets 21, relative to the d-axis 23 of the magnets extending through the magnets and the outer edge of the rotor hole, to provide an unequal effect on the magnetic field on either side of the d-axis 23. In the embodiment of fig. 1 and 5, the air hole 24 is located to the left of the d-axis 23. It should be noted that in fig. 1 and 5, the air holes 24 are asymmetric with respect to the d-axis 23, since the air holes 24 are located only on one side of the d-axis 23. In further embodiments, the asymmetry about the air hole 24 or series of air holes 24 relative to each magnet may be achieved by positioning the air hole 24 or series of air holes to provide an unequal effect on the magnetic field on either side of the d-axis 23, for example by positioning the air hole 24 or series of air holes 24 on either side of the d-axis 23 in an unequal manner. In fig. 1 and 5, a single air vent is shown on only one side of the d-axis 23. As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the first rotor portion 12a may then be mated with the second rotor portion 12 b. In fig. 2 and 6, by providing the air hole 24 on the right side of the d-axis 23 of the magnet 24 in fig. 2 and 6, asymmetry opposite to the magnetic field generated by the magnet 24 of the first rotor portion 12a is produced. The size and location of the air holes 24 of the first rotor section 12a and the size and location of the air holes 24 of the second rotor section may be selected such that the asymmetry or distortion of the magnetic fields generated by the magnets of the first and second rotor sections cancel each other out to reduce the torque ripple shown in fig. 10 and the cogging torque shown in fig. 11.
In some embodiments of the laminated rotor 12 described herein, the first rotor portion 12a may be disposed in series with the second rotor portion 12b, with the two rotor portions disposed end-to-end such that the centerlines of the rotor portions are coaxial and the receptacle 22 of the first rotor portion 12a corresponds with the receptacle 22 of the second rotor portion 12b, allowing each magnet to extend to the receptacle 22 of the first rotor portion 12a and the receptacle 22 of the second rotor portion 12 b. In some embodiments, the first rotor portion may be assembled to the second rotor portion, and then the magnets slid into the motor receptacles from one end to extend into the receptacles of the first and second rotor layers.
In some embodiments, there may also be a third rotor layer, for example a rotor layer lacking the asymmetry of the first and second layers, or a rotor layer having an asymmetry as described for the first and second layers. In various embodiments, the third rotor layer may be located between the first and second rotor layers, or may be located at one or the other end of the first and second rotor layer assemblies.
In another embodiment of the asymmetric rotor part, an asymmetric gas barrier 25 may be provided in the rotor part to provide an asymmetric magnetic field, which may be at least partly counteracted by the asymmetric magnetic field in the second rotor part. In one such embodiment, a gas barrier 25 may be added or an existing gas barrier 25 may be modified to provide each magnet with an asymmetric gas barrier 25, for example where the gas barrier on one side of the d-axis is larger in size than the corresponding gas barrier on the other side of the d-axis, or where the gas barrier on one side of the d-axis is positioned to have a different effect on the magnetic field than the gas barrier on the other side of the d-axis.
In some embodiments, a combination of asymmetric gas holes 24 and gas barriers 25 may be used, for example where both asymmetric gas holes 24 and asymmetric gas barriers 25 are located within a rotor layer, or where asymmetric gas holes 24 are present in one rotor layer and asymmetric gas barriers are present in a second rotor layer, where the first and second rotor layers are combined into a rotor for an electric motor.
In various embodiments of asymmetric rotor layers, the size and location of the air holes 24 and/or air barriers 25 may be selected to achieve advantageous reduction in torque ripple and/or cogging torque.
In some embodiments, asymmetric first and second rotor layers (and optionally a third rotor layer) may be used with a stator that does not have the asymmetric features described herein.
In a second approach to reducing torque ripple, a different tooth design may be used in the first stator section than in the second stator section. In some embodiments where the teeth design between the first stator portion and the second stator portion is different, the teeth in the first stator portion and the second stator portion may have wire-wound tooth portions (tooth bodies) of the same width between the first stator portion and the second stator portion, and the stator portions may be arranged to align the tooth bodies of the first portion with the tooth portions of the second stator portion to facilitate winding of the respective aligned teeth of the first stator portion and the second stator portion. In various embodiments, the tooth heads 30 (extending from the tooth bodies 29 to the rotor in the assembled motor) may have different designs between the first and second rotor portions such that the magnetic field from the first stator portion is different from the magnetic field from the second stator portion to advantageously reduce or substantially eliminate torque fluctuations in the motor. In some embodiments of embodiments in which the teeth are designed differently, the mass of the tooth head may vary between the first and second stator portions, or the edge-to-edge width of the tooth head 30 may vary between the first and second stator portions, or the curvature of the tooth surface may vary between the first and second stator portions, or the shape of the tooth surface may vary between the first and second stators such that the tooth surface may be faceted (have flat or curved facets), wherein one or more or all facets of the tooth surface have a different surface area between corresponding facets of the first stator portion and the second stator portion, or the shape of the tooth head results in a different amount of air between the teeth of the first stator portion and the rotor compared to the second stator portion. In various embodiments of tooth designs such as those discussed herein, the tooth design may be symmetrical or asymmetrical with respect to the tooth axis 27.
Fig. 12 shows an embodiment of a stator tooth having tips of different edge-to-edge widths, e.g. wherein a first tooth that may be associated with one of the first stator portion and the second stator portion is shown in dashed lines and a second tooth that may be associated with the other of the first stator portion and the second stator portion is shown in solid lines, and the edge-to-edge dimension 42b of the tip of the first tooth is narrower than the edge-to-edge dimension 42a of the tip of the second tooth. While fig. 12 shows symmetric edge-to-edge width variations, there are asymmetric edge-to-edge variations, for example, where the width on one side of the central axis is different from the width on the other side of the tooth axis 27. In various embodiments, the asymmetry between the first stator portion and the second stator portion may be opposite.
Fig. 13 and 14 show different facets of the tooth surface, wherein the central facet 43 (the facet intersecting the tooth axis 27) in fig. 13 has a larger surface area than the central facet in fig. 14. In addition, the facets next to the central facet 43 have a smaller surface area than the corresponding facets in FIG. 14 and are positioned at a more oblique angle relative to the central facet (and the tooth axis 27) than in FIG. 14. Fig. 13 and 13 show a symmetric variation of the facet surface area, however an asymmetric variation of the facet surface area may also be present, for example the facet area on one side of the tooth axis is different from the corresponding facet area on the opposite side of the tooth axis 27. In various embodiments, the asymmetry between the first and second stator portions may be opposite.
In some embodiments of asymmetric tooth designs, asymmetry may be provided in one or more or all of the teeth of the first stator portion by, for example, shaping the tooth flanks 28 such that each tooth flank 28 is asymmetric with respect to a tooth axis 27 that bisects the tooth 14 at the tooth body 29 to provide an asymmetric influence on the magnetic field on either side of the tooth axis 27. Fig. 12 illustrates an embodiment of a stator tooth having tips of different edge-to-edge widths, for example, where a first tooth that may be associated with one of the first stator portion and the second stator portion is shown in phantom and a second tooth that is associated with the other of the first stator portion and the second stator portion is shown in solid, and the edge-to-edge dimension 42b of the tip of the first tooth is narrower than the tip-to-edge dimension 42a of the second tooth. Fig. 13 and 14 show different facets of the tooth surface, wherein the central facet 43 (the facet intersecting the tooth axis 27) in fig. 13 has a larger surface area than the central facet in fig. 14. In addition, the facets next to the central facet 43 have a smaller surface area than the corresponding facets in FIG. 14 and are positioned at a more oblique angle relative to the central facet (and central axis 27) than in FIG. 14.
In various embodiments, the asymmetry of the tooth surface may include: in contrast to the symmetrical tooth of fig. 7, the radius of curvature of the tooth flank on one side of the tooth axis 27 is changed with respect to the radius of curvature of the tooth flank on the other side of the tooth axis, as shown in fig. 8; or otherwise, the backlash 16 (distance between the tooth and the rotor) on the other side of the tooth axis is increased or decreased relative to one side of the tooth axis. In some embodiments, the tooth flanks may be asymmetrical in that the tooth head 30 is narrowed or widened on one side of the tooth axis compared to the other side of the tooth axis. Thus, as shown in fig. 9, the first stator section 13a may be paired with a second stator section 13b having an asymmetry opposite to the asymmetry to counteract the asymmetry in the magnetic field of the coils/teeth of the first stator section. Any suitable method, such as those discussed above, may be used to impart asymmetry to the shape of the teeth/coils of the first and second stator portions, and the particular asymmetry of the first and second stator portions is selected and sized so as to at least partially counteract the asymmetry or distortion of the magnetic fields from each other, and at least partially reduce torque ripple and/or cogging torque.
In some embodiments of the laminated stator 13 described herein, the first stator portion 13a may be disposed in series with the second stator portion 13b, with the two stator portions disposed end-to-end such that a centerline of the first stator portion is coaxial with the second stator portion and teeth and winding openings of the first stator portion correspond to teeth and winding openings, respectively, of the second stator portion to allow each coil to be made by winding a conductor around one tooth of the first stator portion and one tooth of the second stator portion.
In some embodiments, a third stator layer may also be present, such as a stator layer that lacks the asymmetry of the first and second layers, or a stator layer that has an asymmetry as described for the first and second layers. In various embodiments, the third stator layer may be located between the first and second stator layers, or may be located at one or the other end of the first and second stator layer assemblies.
In some embodiments, asymmetric first and second stator layers (and optionally a third stator layer) may be used with rotors that do not have the asymmetric features described herein.
In a third method of reducing torque ripple, asymmetric rotor layers and asymmetric stator layers may be combined with each other, such as a rotor having an asymmetric layer and an opposite asymmetric layer, or a layer without the asymmetric features described herein, combined with a stator having an asymmetric layer and an opposite asymmetric layer (non-asymmetric layer), or a layer without the asymmetric features described herein (non-asymmetric sub-layers).
In some embodiments, the asymmetric rotor layers may be offset by asymmetric sub-layers adjacent to the asymmetric rotor layer or adjacent to different rotor layers. In some embodiments, the asymmetric rotor layers may be offset by asymmetric rotor layers and asymmetric rotor layers, where the asymmetric rotor layers are adjacent to the asymmetric rotor layers or adjacent to the opposite asymmetric rotor layers. In some embodiments, the asymmetric sublayer may be offset by the asymmetric sublayer and the asymmetric rotor layer, where the asymmetric rotor layer is adjacent to the asymmetric rotor layer or the opposite asymmetric sublayer.
As used herein, the words "approximately," "about," "substantially," "approximately," and other similar words and phrases should be understood by those skilled in the art to permit a certain amount of variation without substantially affecting the functioning of the device, example, or embodiment. In those cases where further indication is required, the degree of change is understood to be 5% or less.
Having now described the invention in accordance with the requirements of the patent statutes, those skilled in the art will understand how to make changes and modifications to the invention to meet the specific requirements or conditions thereof. Such changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention disclosed herein.
In accordance with legal requirements, the foregoing detailed description of exemplary and preferred embodiments has been presented for purposes of illustration and disclosure. This description is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form described, but rather to enable others skilled in the art to understand how the invention may be adapted for particular uses or embodiments. The possibilities of modifications and variations will be apparent to a person skilled in the art. The description of the exemplary embodiments is not intended to be limiting, and may include tolerances, feature sizes, specific operating conditions, engineering specifications, etc., and may vary from implementation to implementation or with variations in the state of the art, and no limitation should thereby be implied. The applicant has made this disclosure in relation to the current state of the art, however advances are also considered and future improvements may take those advances into account in light of the following state of the art. The scope of the invention is defined by the written claims and applicable equivalents. Reference to claimed elements in the singular does not mean "one and only one" unless explicitly so stated. Furthermore, no element, component, method, or process step in the present disclosure is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether the element, component, or step is explicitly recited in the claims.

Claims (19)

1.一种电动机转子，包括：1. A motor rotor, comprising: 转子，包括第一转子部分、第二转子部分以及一系列磁体，a rotor, including a first rotor portion, a second rotor portion, and a series of magnets, 所述第一转子部分包括：The first rotor portion includes: 一系列磁体容置部，邻近所述第一转子部分的外边缘，并且配置为接收各自的磁体，以与位于定子中并围绕所述第一转子部分分布的一系列线圈进行磁性相互作用，从而在运行期间对所述线圈通电时实现所述转子和所述定子的相对转动；A series of magnet receptacles adjacent the outer edge of the first rotor portion and configured to receive respective magnets for magnetic interaction with a series of coils located in the stator and distributed around the first rotor portion, thereby enabling relative rotation of the rotor and the stator when the coil is energized during operation; 所述磁体中的每一个，具有各自的d轴线，所述d轴线延伸穿过所述磁体和所述第一转子部分的外边缘；each of the magnets, having a respective d-axis extending through the magnets and an outer edge of the first rotor portion; 所述第一转子部分针对每个磁体包括相对于各自的d轴线不对称的各自的气孔或气障；其中每个气孔或气障导致各自的磁体的不对称磁场；the first rotor portion includes, for each magnet, a respective air hole or gas barrier that is asymmetric with respect to the respective d-axis; wherein each air hole or gas barrier results in an asymmetric magnetic field for the respective magnet; 所述第二转子部分包括：The second rotor portion includes: 一系列磁体容置部，邻近所述第二转子部分的外边缘，并且配置为接收各自的磁体，以与位于定子中并围绕所述第二转子部分分布的一系列线圈进行磁性相互作用，从而在运行期间对所述线圈通电时实现所述转子和所述定子的相对转动；A series of magnet receptacles adjacent the outer edge of the second rotor portion and configured to receive respective magnets for magnetic interaction with a series of coils located in the stator and distributed around the second rotor portion, thereby enabling relative rotation of the rotor and the stator when the coil is energized during operation; 所述磁体中的每一个，具有各自的d轴线，所述d轴线延伸穿过所述磁体和所述第二转子部分的外边缘；each of the magnets, having a respective d-axis extending through the magnets and an outer edge of the second rotor portion; 第二转子部分针对每个磁体包括相对于各自的d轴线不对称的各自的气孔或气障；其中每个气孔或气障导致各自的磁体的不对称磁场；The second rotor portion includes, for each magnet, a respective air hole or gas barrier that is asymmetric with respect to the respective d-axis; wherein each air hole or gas barrier results in an asymmetric magnetic field for the respective magnet; 其中所述第一转子部分与所述第二转子部分串联地设置，所述第一转子部分的磁体容置部对应于所述第二转子部分的磁体容置部；并且wherein the first rotor portion is disposed in series with the second rotor portion, the magnet receptacles of the first rotor portion corresponding to the magnet receptacles of the second rotor portion; and 其中所述磁体中的每一个位于所述第一转子部分的磁体容置部和所述第二转子部分的磁体容置部内；wherein each of the magnets is located within a magnet receiving portion of the first rotor portion and a magnet receiving portion of the second rotor portion; 其中在运行期间，所述第二转子部分的磁场的不对称性引起扭矩波动，所述扭矩波动至少部分地抵消所述第一转子部分的磁场的不对称性的波动。Wherein during operation, the asymmetry of the magnetic field of the second rotor part causes torque fluctuations which at least partially cancel out the fluctuations of the asymmetry of the magnetic field of the first rotor part. 2.根据权利要求1所述的电动机转子，其中所述第一转子部分和所述第二转子部分中的磁场的不对称性仅由所述气孔中的不对称性引起。2. The motor rotor of claim 1, wherein the asymmetry of the magnetic fields in the first rotor portion and the second rotor portion is caused only by the asymmetry in the air holes. 3.根据权利要求1所述的电动机转子，其中，所述第一转子部分和所述第二转子部分中的磁场的不对称性仅由所述气障中的不对称性引起。3. The motor rotor of claim 1, wherein the asymmetry of the magnetic fields in the first rotor portion and the second rotor portion is caused only by asymmetry in the gas barrier. 4.根据权利要求1所述的电动机转子，进一步包括第三转子部分，4. The motor rotor of claim 1, further comprising a third rotor portion, 所述第三转子部分包括：The third rotor portion includes: 一系列磁体容置部，邻近所述第三转子部分的外边缘，并且配置为接收各自的磁体，以与位于定子中并围绕所述第三转子部分分布的一系列线圈进行磁性相互作用，从而在运行期间对所述线圈通电时实现所述转子和所述定子的相对转动；A series of magnet receptacles are adjacent the outer edge of the third rotor portion and are configured to receive respective magnets for magnetic interaction with a series of coils located in the stator and distributed around the third rotor portion, thereby enabling relative rotation of the rotor and the stator when the coil is energized during operation; 所述磁体中的每一个，具有各自的d轴线，所述d轴线延伸穿过所述磁体和所述第一转子部分的外边缘。Each of the magnets has a respective d-axis extending through the magnets and an outer edge of the first rotor portion. 其中，所述第三转子部分与所述第一转子部分和所述第二转子部分对齐，所述第三转子部分的磁体容置部对应所述第一转子部分和所述第二转子部分的磁体容置部；并且Wherein, the third rotor part is aligned with the first rotor part and the second rotor part, and the magnet accommodating part of the third rotor part corresponds to the first rotor part and the second rotor part a magnet housing; and 其中所述磁体中的每一个位于所述第一转子部分、所述第二转子部分和所述第三转子部分的磁体容置部内。wherein each of the magnets is located within a magnet receptacle of the first rotor portion, the second rotor portion, and the third rotor portion. 5.根据权利要求4所述的电动机转子，其中所述第三转子部分针对每个磁体包括相对于各自的d轴线不对称的各自的气孔或气障；其中每个气孔或气障导致各自的磁体的不对称磁场，并且在运行过程中，所述第三转子部分的磁场的不对称性引起扭矩波动，所述扭矩波动至少部分地抵消所述第一转子部分和/或所述第二转子部分的磁场的不对称性的波动。5. The motor rotor of claim 4, wherein the third rotor portion includes for each magnet a respective air hole or gas barrier that is asymmetric with respect to the respective d-axis; wherein each air hole or gas barrier results in a respective air hole or gas barrier an asymmetric magnetic field of the magnets and, during operation, the asymmetry of the magnetic field of the third rotor part causes torque fluctuations that at least partially cancel out the first rotor part and/or the second rotor Part of the magnetic field's asymmetry fluctuations. 6.一种电动机定子，包括：6. A motor stator, comprising: 第一定子部分、第二转子部分以及一系列线圈，a first stator part, a second rotor part and a series of coils, 所述第一定子部分包括：The first stator part includes: 一系列绕组开口，每个绕组开口配置为接收电线以形成缠绕所述第一定子部分的齿的一系列线圈中的一个；a series of winding openings, each winding opening configured to receive an electrical wire to form one of a series of coils wound around the teeth of the first stator portion; 所述第一定子部分的每个齿，提供第一定子磁场；each tooth of the first stator portion, providing a first stator magnetic field; 所述第二定子部分包括：The second stator part includes: 一系列绕组开口，每个绕组开口配置为接收电线以形成缠绕所述第二定子部分的齿的一系列线圈中的一个；a series of winding openings, each winding opening configured to receive an electrical wire to form one of a series of coils wound around the teeth of the second stator portion; 所述第二定子部分的每个齿，提供第二定子磁场；each tooth of the second stator portion, providing a second stator magnetic field; 其中所述第一定子部分与所述第二定子部分串联地设置，所述第一定子部分的齿对应于所述第二定子部分的齿，并且用于每个齿的线圈是通过将导体缠绕所述第一定子部分的齿和所述第二定子部分的对应齿来制成的，并且wherein the first stator part is arranged in series with the second stator part, the teeth of the first stator part correspond to the teeth of the second stator part, and the coils for each tooth are made by adding conductors are wound around the teeth of the first stator part and the corresponding teeth of the second stator part, and 在运行期间，所述第一定子磁场引起第一扭矩波动，所述第一扭矩波动至少部分地抵消由所述第二定子磁场引起的第二扭矩波动。During operation, the first stator magnetic field causes first torque fluctuations that at least partially cancel out second torque fluctuations caused by the second stator magnetic field. 7.根据权利要求6所述的电动机定子，其中所述第一定子的齿包括第一齿头，所述第一齿头具有第一齿头形状，所述第二定子部分的齿包括第二齿头，所述第二齿头具有第二齿头形状，所述第一齿头和所述第二齿头彼此不同，并且所述第一扭矩波动和所述第二扭矩波动之间的差异与所述第一齿头形状和所述第二齿头形状的差异相关。7 . The motor stator of claim 6 , wherein the teeth of the first stator include first tooth heads having a first tooth head shape, and the teeth of the second stator portion include first tooth heads. 8 . Two tooth heads, the second tooth head has a second tooth head shape, the first tooth head and the second tooth head are different from each other, and the difference between the first torque fluctuation and the second torque fluctuation The difference is related to the difference in the shape of the first tooth head and the shape of the second tooth head. 8.根据权利要求7所述的电动机定子，其中所述第一齿头形状和所述第二齿头形状的边到边宽度不同。8. The motor stator of claim 7, wherein the first tooth head shape and the second tooth head shape have different edge-to-edge widths. 9.根据权利要求7所述的电动机定子，其中所述第一齿头具有包括一个或多个刻面的面，并且所述第二齿头具有包括与所述第一齿头的一个或多个刻面相对应的一个或多个刻面的面，并且所述第一齿形头形状和所述第二齿头形状在所述第一齿头的刻面的表面积和所述第二齿头的对应刻面的表面积上不同。9. The motor stator of claim 7, wherein the first tooth head has a face including one or more facets, and the second tooth head has a face including one or more facets with the first tooth head facets corresponding to one or more facets, and the first tooth head shape and the second tooth head shape are in the surface area of the facet of the first tooth head and the second tooth head The corresponding facets differ in surface area. 10.根据权利要求6所述的电动机定子，进一步包括第三定子部分；10. The motor stator of claim 6, further comprising a third stator portion; 所述第三定子部分包括：The third stator part includes: 一系列绕组开口，每个绕组开口配置为接收电线以形成缠绕所述第三定子部分的齿的一系列线圈中的一个；a series of winding openings, each winding opening configured to receive an electrical wire to form one of a series of coils wound around the teeth of the third stator portion; 所述第三定子的每个齿，提供第三定子磁场；each tooth of the third stator, providing a third stator magnetic field; 其中所述第三定子部分与所述第一定子部分和所述第二定子部分串联地设置，所述第三定子部分的齿对应于所述第一定子部分和所述第二定子部分的齿，并且每个齿的线圈是通过将导体围绕所述第一定子部分的齿、所述第二定子部分的对应齿、以及所述第三定子部分的对应齿来制成的。Wherein the third stator part is arranged in series with the first stator part and the second stator part, the teeth of the third stator part correspond to the first stator part and the second stator part and the coils of each tooth are made by wrapping conductors around the teeth of the first stator part, the corresponding teeth of the second stator part, and the corresponding teeth of the third stator part. 11.根据权利要求10所述的电动机定子，其中所述第三定子磁场引起扭矩波动，所述扭矩波动至少部分地抵消由所述第一定子磁场和/或所述第二定子磁场引起的扭矩波动。11. The motor stator of claim 10, wherein the third stator magnetic field induces torque fluctuations that at least partially cancel out the torque fluctuations caused by the first stator magnetic field and/or the second stator magnetic field Torque fluctuations. 12.一种电动机，包括：12. An electric motor comprising: 转子，包括第一转子部分、第二转子部分以及一系列磁体；和a rotor, including a first rotor portion, a second rotor portion, and a series of magnets; and 电动机定子，包括第一定子部分、第二定子部分以及一系列线圈，an electric motor stator, including a first stator portion, a second stator portion, and a series of coils, 其中，in, 所述第一转子部分包括：The first rotor portion includes: 一系列磁体容置部，邻近所述第一转子部分的外边缘，并且配置为接收各自的磁体，以与位于定子中并围绕所述第一转子部分分布的一系列线圈进行磁性相互作用，从而在运行期间对所述线圈通电时实现所述转子和所述定子的相对转动；A series of magnet receptacles adjacent the outer edge of the first rotor portion and configured to receive respective magnets for magnetic interaction with a series of coils located in the stator and distributed around the first rotor portion, thereby enabling relative rotation of the rotor and the stator when the coil is energized during operation; 所述磁体中的每一个，具有各自的d轴线，所述d轴线延伸穿过磁体和第一转子部分的外边缘；each of the magnets, having a respective d-axis extending through the magnets and an outer edge of the first rotor portion; 所述第一转子部分，针对每个磁体包括相对于各自的d轴线不对称的各自的气孔或气障；其中每个气孔或气障导致各自的磁体的不对称磁场；the first rotor portion including, for each magnet, a respective air hole or gas barrier that is asymmetric with respect to the respective d-axis; wherein each air hole or gas barrier results in an asymmetric magnetic field for the respective magnet; 所述第二转子部分包括：The second rotor portion includes: 一系列磁体容置部，邻近所述第二转子部分的外边缘，并且配置为接收各自的磁体，以与位于定子中并围绕所述第二转子部分分布的一系列线圈进行磁性相互作用，从而在运行期间对所述线圈通电时实现所述转子和所述定子的相对转动；A series of magnet receptacles adjacent the outer edge of the second rotor portion and configured to receive respective magnets for magnetic interaction with a series of coils located in the stator and distributed around the second rotor portion, thereby enabling relative rotation of the rotor and the stator when the coil is energized during operation; 所述磁体中的每一个，具有各自的d轴线，所述d轴线延伸穿过所述磁体和所述第二转子部分的外边缘；each of the magnets, having a respective d-axis extending through the magnets and an outer edge of the second rotor portion; 所述第二转子部分，针对每个磁体包括相对于各自的d轴线不对称的各自的气孔或气障；其中每个气孔或气障导致各自的磁体的不对称磁场；the second rotor portion including, for each magnet, a respective air hole or gas barrier that is asymmetric with respect to the respective d-axis; wherein each air hole or gas barrier results in an asymmetric magnetic field for the respective magnet; 其中所述第一转子部分与所述第二转子部分串联地设置，所述第一转子部分的磁体容置部对应于所述第二转子部分的磁体容置部；并且wherein the first rotor portion is disposed in series with the second rotor portion, the magnet receptacles of the first rotor portion corresponding to the magnet receptacles of the second rotor portion; and 其中所述磁体中的每一个位于所述第一转子部分的磁体容置部和所述第二转子部分的磁体容置部内；wherein each of the magnets is located within a magnet receiving portion of the first rotor portion and a magnet receiving portion of the second rotor portion; 所述第一定子部分包括：The first stator part includes: 一系列绕组开口，每个绕组开口配置为接收电线以形成缠绕所述第一定子部分的齿的一系列线圈中的一个；a series of winding openings, each winding opening configured to receive an electrical wire to form one of a series of coils wound around the teeth of the first stator portion; 所述第一定子部分的每个齿，提供第一定子磁场；each tooth of the first stator portion, providing a first stator magnetic field; 所述第二定子部分包括：The second stator part includes: 一系列绕组开口，每个绕组开口配置为接收电线以形成缠绕所述第二定子部分的齿的一系列线圈中的一个；a series of winding openings, each winding opening configured to receive an electrical wire to form one of a series of coils wound around the teeth of the second stator portion; 所述第二定子部分的每个齿，提供第二定子磁场；each tooth of the second stator portion, providing a second stator magnetic field; 其中所述第一定子部分与所述第二定子部分串联地设置，所述第一定子部分的齿对应于所述第二定子部分的齿，并且每个齿的线圈是通过将导体缠绕所述第一定子部分的齿和所述第二定子部分的对应齿来制成的；并且wherein the first stator part is arranged in series with the second stator part, the teeth of the first stator part correspond to the teeth of the second stator part, and the coil of each tooth is formed by winding a conductor the teeth of the first stator part and the corresponding teeth of the second stator part; and 在运行期间，所述第一定子磁场引起扭矩波动，所述扭矩波动至少部分地抵消由所述第二定子磁场引起的扭矩波动。During operation, the first stator magnetic field induces torque fluctuations that at least partially cancel the torque fluctuations induced by the second stator magnetic field. 13.根据权利要求12所述的电动机定子，其中所述第一定子的齿包括第一齿头，所述第一齿头具有第一齿头形状，所述第二定子部分的齿包括第二齿头，所述第二齿头具有第二齿头形状，所述第一齿头和所述第二齿头彼此不同，并且所述第一扭矩波动和所述第二扭矩波动之间的差异与所述第一齿头形状和所述第二齿头形状的差异相关。13. The motor stator of claim 12, wherein the teeth of the first stator include first tooth heads having a first tooth head shape, and the teeth of the second stator portion include first tooth heads. Two tooth heads, the second tooth head has a second tooth head shape, the first tooth head and the second tooth head are different from each other, and the difference between the first torque fluctuation and the second torque fluctuation The difference is related to the difference in the shape of the first tooth head and the shape of the second tooth head. 14.根据权利要求13所述的电动机定子，其中所述第一齿头形状和所述第二齿头形状的边到边宽度不同。14. The motor stator of claim 13, wherein the first tooth head shape and the second tooth head shape have different edge-to-edge widths. 15.根据权利要求13所述的电动机定子，其中所述第一齿头具有包括一个或多个刻面的面，并且所述第二齿头具有包括与所述第一齿头的一个或多个刻面对应的一个或多个刻面的面，并且所述第一齿头形状和所述第二齿头形状在所述第一齿头的刻面和所述第二齿头的对应刻面的表面积上不同。15. The motor stator of claim 13, wherein the first tooth head has a face including one or more facets, and the second tooth head has a face including one or more facets with the first tooth head facets corresponding to one or more facets, and the first tooth head shape and the second tooth head shape are in the corresponding facets of the first tooth head and the second tooth head The facets differ in surface area. 16.根据权利要求12所述的电动机转子，其中所述第一转子部分和所述第二转子部分中的磁场的不对称性仅由所述气孔中的不对称性引起。16. The motor rotor of claim 12, wherein the asymmetry of the magnetic fields in the first rotor portion and the second rotor portion is caused only by the asymmetry in the air holes. 17.根据权利要求12所述的电动机转子，其中所述第一转子部分和所述第二转子部分中的磁场的不对称性仅由所述气障中的不对称性引起。17. The motor rotor of claim 12, wherein the asymmetry of the magnetic fields in the first rotor portion and the second rotor portion is caused only by asymmetry in the gas barrier. 18.根据权利要求12所述的电动机转子，进一步包括第三转子部分，18. The motor rotor of claim 12, further comprising a third rotor portion, 所述第三转子部分包括：The third rotor portion includes: 一系列磁体容置部，邻近所述第三转子部分的外边缘，并且配置为接收各自的磁体，以与位于定子中并围绕所述第三转子部分分布的一系列线圈发生进行磁性相互作用，从而在运行期间对所述线圈通电时实现所述转子和所述定子的相对转动；a series of magnet receptacles adjacent the outer edge of the third rotor portion and configured to receive respective magnets for magnetic interaction with a series of coils located in the stator and distributed around the third rotor portion, thereby enabling relative rotation of the rotor and the stator when the coil is energized during operation; 所述磁体中的每一个，具有各自的d轴线，所述d轴线延伸穿过所述磁体和所述第一转子部分的外边缘；each of the magnets, having a respective d-axis extending through the magnets and an outer edge of the first rotor portion; 其中所述第三转子部分与所述第一转子部分和所述第二转子部分对齐，所述第三转子部分的磁体容置部对应于所述第一转子部分和所述第二转子部分的磁体容置部；并且wherein the third rotor portion is aligned with the first rotor portion and the second rotor portion, and the magnet receiving portion of the third rotor portion corresponds to the first rotor portion and the second rotor portion a magnet housing; and 其中所述磁体中的每一个位于所述第一转子部分、所述第二转子部分和所述第三转子部分的磁体容置部内。wherein each of the magnets is located within a magnet receptacle of the first rotor portion, the second rotor portion, and the third rotor portion. 19.根据权利要求18所述的电动机转子，其中所述第三转子部分针对每个磁体包括相对于各自的d轴线不对称的各自的气孔或气障；其中每个气孔或气障导致各自磁体的不对称磁场，并且在运行期间，所述第三转子部分的磁场的不对称性引起扭矩波动，所述扭矩波动至少部分地抵消所述第一转子部分和/或所述第二转子部分的磁场的不对称的波动。19. The motor rotor of claim 18, wherein the third rotor portion includes for each magnet a respective air hole or gas barrier that is asymmetric with respect to the respective d-axis; wherein each air hole or gas barrier results in a respective magnet and during operation, the asymmetry of the magnetic field of the third rotor part causes torque fluctuations that at least partially cancel out the first rotor part and/or the second rotor part Asymmetric fluctuations in the magnetic field.
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