CN113118953A

CN113118953A - Surface grinding and polishing equipment for hexahedral workpiece

Info

Publication number: CN113118953A
Application number: CN202110404991.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯肃钢
Original assignee: Pujiang Lianli Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Pujiang Lianli Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-15
Filing date: 2021-04-15
Publication date: 2021-07-16

Abstract

The invention relates to a surface grinding and polishing device for a hexahedron workpiece. It includes a frame; a conveying track; a handling mechanism; a fixture; a first polishing unit; a second polishing unit; a transfer mechanism; a first steering mechanism; a second steering mechanism; Drive the lock body on the conveying track to move backward equidistantly and gradually; the conveying mechanism is provided with a fixed rest time after each cycle is completed. During the rest time, the conveying mechanism can transfer the lock body on the conveying track to the On the first polishing unit or the second polishing unit; after polishing, the handling mechanism can transfer the workpiece back to the original position of the conveying track or directly complete the unloading. There is almost no unnecessary idle time in the production process, and the overall production efficiency is high.

Description

Surface grinding and polishing equipment for hexahedral workpiece

Technical Field

The invention relates to surface grinding and polishing equipment, in particular to surface grinding and polishing equipment for hexahedral workpieces.

Background

There are many types of locks, and padlocks belong to one of the main categories. The padlock mainly includes: the lock body, lock core and lock beam are constituteed, and wherein the lock body is generally made for metal. The main processing process of the lock body is as follows: forming a hexahedral workpiece; polishing the surface of the workpiece; and performing machining such as drilling and cutting on the workpiece to form the lock body. The hexahedral workpiece comprises four side surfaces with relatively small areas and two large surfaces, any two adjacent side surfaces are vertical, and the two large surfaces can be single large planes, cambered surfaces or a plurality of small planes. The hexahedral workpiece is generally formed by casting or cutting, but the lock body after casting or cutting has a rough surface, and thus a surface polishing process is required. The current equipment for processing the lock body has low automation degree and low production efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a surface grinding and polishing device for hexahedral workpieces; the problems of low automation degree and low production efficiency of equipment in the prior art are solved.

The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a surface grinding and polishing equipment for hexahedron work piece, includes the frame, its characterized in that: also includes:

the conveying rail is linear and fixed in the front-back direction relative to the rack and is used for bearing the workpiece;

a transport mechanism, the transport mechanism comprising: the first moving frame can reciprocate back and forth along the distribution direction of the conveying track, and the moving distance of each time is fixed; the second moving frame and the first moving frame move synchronously, and meanwhile, the second moving frame can reciprocate up and down relative to the first moving frame; the first moving frame and the second moving frame can be controlled to move by the existing linear propulsion mechanism, such as an air cylinder, a linear motor, a gear rack mechanism and the like;

the clamps are positioned on the upper side of the conveying track, the number of the clamps is a plurality, the clamps are distributed at equal intervals along the front and back directions of the rack, the interval between every two adjacent clamps is the same as the moving stroke of the first moving frame, and the conveying mechanism can drive all the clamps to move synchronously; the clamp can only form clamping limit with the workpiece by depending on the shape, and does not need to have clamping action;

the first polishing unit comprises two surface polishing machines which are distributed oppositely, and can carry out plane polishing on any two parallel side surfaces of the workpiece;

the second polishing unit can polish the large surface of the workpiece;

the transfer mechanism is connected between the conveying rail and the first polishing unit, and the transfer mechanism is also connected between the conveying rail and the second polishing unit; the transfer mechanism can be a customized mechanical arm or a mechanical sliding table type transfer mode;

the first steering mechanism can perform steering operation on the workpiece in the vertical axial direction;

the second steering mechanism can perform steering operation on the workpiece in the horizontal axial direction;

the carrying mechanism can drive the clamp to move up and down and back and forth, and the action modes of the clamp are that the clamp and the workpiece form clamping fixation downwards, the workpiece is driven to move backwards, the clamp and the workpiece are separated upwards and return to the original position forwards; the carrying mechanism circulates according to the action mode, and the clamp can drive the workpieces on the conveying track to move backwards in an equidistant and gradual manner;

the first polishing units are provided with two groups and are used for polishing four planes of a workpiece, the first polishing units are arranged in front and at back along the distribution direction of the conveying track, the first steering mechanism is positioned between the two first polishing units, and the first steering mechanism can steer the workpiece which is subjected to the previous polishing procedure so that the two remaining planes to be polished are aligned with the next polishing procedure to be entered; the two groups of second polishing units are arranged in the front-back direction along the distribution direction of the conveying track, the second polishing units are positioned on the rear side of the first polishing units, and the second steering mechanism is positioned between the two second polishing units; the second polishing unit can only polish the upper side of the workpiece once, and two opposite surfaces of the workpiece need to be polished by the cambered surface, so that the workpiece needs to be polished by the turning process of the second steering mechanism after being polished by the cambered surface once to finish the polishing of the other surface;

the conveying mechanism is provided with a fixed stop time after completing each cycle, and the conveying mechanism can transfer the workpieces on the conveying track to the first polishing unit or the second polishing unit within the stop time; after polishing, the conveying mechanism can transfer the workpiece back to the original position of the conveying track or directly complete blanking. When the carrying mechanism finishes one circulation, the clamp is kept above the workpiece and suspended, and collision with the clamp when other mechanisms carry or overturn the workpiece is avoided.

In summary, the polishing processes are connected in series through the conveying mechanism, so that the conveying mechanism can simultaneously perform one polishing treatment on different workpieces on the conveying track in one action cycle. The end result is that for each cycle of motion of the handling mechanism, one workpiece completes all polishing operations. The automatic polishing machine has high automation degree, and the production efficiency is determined by the single station with the slowest polishing time, so that unnecessary idle running time hardly exists in the production process, and the overall production efficiency is high.

Furthermore, a steering cylinder with a vertically arranged rotating shaft is arranged on the second movable frame between the two first polishing units, the steering cylinder can drive one clamp to rotate 90 degrees upwards on a vertical shaft, and the steering cylinder and the corresponding clamp form the first steering mechanism. The steering cylinder may also be replaced by an electric motor.

Further, the second steering mechanism includes: the output shaft of the rotating device is horizontal and vertical to the distribution direction of the conveying track, the output shaft of the rotating device rotates 180 degrees each time, and the rotating device can be a motor, a cylinder and other existing power mechanisms with rotating effects; the clamping assembly is used for clamping a workpiece, the clamping assembly is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the rotating device, and the clamping assembly is preferably a finger cylinder; and the feeding assembly can drive the rotating device to integrally move, so that the clamping assembly is close to or far away from the workpiece on the conveying track. The feeding assembly can be an existing linear moving mechanism such as an air cylinder, a linear sliding table and the like.

Further, the transfer mechanism includes: a moving base which is provided with a reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction and the direction vertical to the conveying track; the upper surface of the bearing block is superposed with the surface of the conveying track, and the bearing block is fixed on the moving seat; the clamping mechanism is fixed relative to the movable seat and can clamp the workpiece on the bearing block, and the clamping direction is parallel to the moving direction of the movable seat; the clamping mechanism is preferably a finger cylinder which is a mature existing device and has a compact integral structure;

the conveying track is provided with a notch, so that the bearing block can move into the notch along with the moving seat, and the clamp can move the workpiece onto the bearing block. The moving seat in the transfer mechanism can be a linear sliding table, so that the control is convenient, and meanwhile, the reliability is high; compared with the carrying mode of the mechanical arm, the carrying of the workpiece is completed by the moving seat, the whole structure is simpler, the action is less, and the consumed time is reduced.

Furthermore, the first polishing unit also comprises two groups of positioning mechanisms, wherein each positioning mechanism comprises a positioning block and a top block which are respectively positioned at two sides of the moving path of the moving seat; the positioning blocks on the two groups of positioning mechanisms are distributed on different sides of the moving path of the moving seat; the top block can enable the workpiece on the passing bearing block to be abutted to the positioning block;

when the transfer mechanism bears the workpiece and moves towards the first polishing machine set, the clamping mechanism on the transfer mechanism is in a loose state, when the workpiece moves into the positioning area of one of the groups of positioning mechanisms, the transfer mechanism stops moving, the ejector block on the positioning mechanism can enable the workpiece to abut against the positioning block, then the clamping mechanism clamps the workpiece, the transfer mechanism continues to move towards the processing area of one of the first polishing machines, after polishing is completed, the transfer mechanism moves in the reverse direction, drives the workpiece to move into the positioning area of the other group of positioning mechanisms, the clamping mechanism is loosened firstly, then the positioning mechanism completes positioning of the workpiece, the transfer mechanism moves the workpiece to the processing area of the other first polishing machine again for polishing, and finally the workpiece is sent back to the notch on the conveying track.

Further, the polishing surface of the first polishing machine is parallel to the moving path of the moving seat, a linear moving mechanism is connected between the first polishing machine and the rack, and the moving direction of the linear moving mechanism is perpendicular to the moving path of the moving seat. The linear moving mechanism can drive the first polishing machine to translate for controlling the feeding amount of polishing.

Further, the second polishing unit includes: the frame is in sliding fit with the rack, and the sliding direction is parallel to the distribution direction of the conveying tracks; the grinding wheel is rotationally connected with the frame, and a rolling shaft of the grinding wheel is parallel to the moving direction of the frame; the moving direction of the Z-axis moving mechanism is vertical and is positioned below the grinding wheel, the transferring mechanism for connecting the conveying track and the second polishing unit is integrally fixed on the Z-axis moving mechanism, and the Z-axis moving mechanism can synchronously drive the transferring mechanism and workpieces thereon to be close to or far away from the grinding wheel.

The Z-axis moving mechanism can move up and down, the transfer mechanism moves horizontally, the Z-axis moving mechanism and the transfer mechanism can form a cross sliding table structure, and the walking path of the workpiece is ensured to be consistent with the outline of the large surface of the workpiece in the polishing process of the workpiece, so that the second polishing unit can be used for polishing the surfaces of the workpieces with various shapes; the frame can drive the grinding wheel to move back and forth, so that the abrasion loss of each area is kept as uniform as possible.

Furthermore, a vibration disc is arranged on the machine frame, and the output end of the vibration disc is connected with the front end of the conveying track. The shape and size of the workpiece can be fed through the vibrating disk.

Furthermore, be equipped with two front and back interval distribution's clamping piece on the anchor clamps, the interval between the clamping piece is for from top to bottom crescent setting. Such a configuration allows for some tolerance and allows for easier engagement of the clamp with the workpiece.

Therefore, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics: 1. the polishing device has the advantages that all polishing procedures are connected in series through the conveying mechanism, and each time the conveying mechanism performs one action cycle, one workpiece completes all polishing procedures; 2. the carrying mechanism disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, less in action, short in time consumption of carrying each time and beneficial to improving the overall production efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a top view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of the transfer mechanism;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of section C of FIG. 5;

figure 7 is a side view of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

Example 1: referring to fig. 1, a surface grinding and polishing apparatus for a hexahedral workpiece including four sides having relatively small areas and two arc-shaped surfaces includes a frame 100;

the conveying track 200 is linear and fixed in the front-back direction relative to the rack and is used for bearing workpieces;

a transport mechanism 300, the transport mechanism comprising: the first moving frame 310 is in sliding fit with the machine frame, the sliding direction is parallel to the distribution direction of the conveying tracks, the moving distance is fixed every time, the machine frame is provided with horizontally distributed racks 101, the first moving frame is provided with a first motor 311, and the output end of the first motor is meshed with the racks; a second moving frame 320, which is in up-and-down sliding fit with the first moving frame, and on which a first cylinder 312 (see fig. 4) for controlling the movement of the second moving frame is provided;

the clamps 330 are positioned on the upper side of the conveying track, the number of the clamps is a plurality, the clamps are distributed at equal intervals along the front-back direction of the rack (see fig. 7), the interval between every two adjacent clamps is the same as the moving stroke of the first moving frame, and the clamps are fixed on the second moving frame;

a first polishing unit 400, which comprises two surface polishing machines 410 distributed oppositely and can polish the surfaces of any two parallel sides of the workpiece;

a second polishing unit 500, which can perform arc surface polishing on the upper surface of the workpiece;

the transfer mechanism 600 is connected between the conveying track and the first polishing unit, and is also connected between the conveying track and the second polishing unit;

a first steering mechanism 700 for performing steering operation in the vertical axial direction on the workpiece;

a second steering mechanism 800 for performing steering operation of the workpiece in the horizontal axial direction;

Referring to fig. 5, a steering cylinder 321 with a vertically arranged rotating shaft is arranged on the second movable frame between the two first polishing units, the steering cylinder can drive one clamp to rotate 90 degrees upwards on a vertical shaft, and the steering cylinder and the corresponding clamp form the first steering mechanism.

Referring to fig. 6, the second steering mechanism includes: the output shaft of the rotating device is horizontal and perpendicular to the distribution direction of the conveying track, the output shaft of the rotating device rotates 180 degrees each time, and specifically, the rotating device is a steering cylinder; the clamping assembly 820 is used for clamping a workpiece and is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the rotating device, and specifically, the clamping assembly is a finger cylinder; and the feeding assembly 830 can drive the rotating device to integrally move, so that the clamping assembly is close to or far away from the workpiece on the conveying track. Specifically, the feeding assembly is a sliding table controlled to move by a cylinder.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the transfer mechanism includes: a movable base 610 which is provided with a reciprocating motion in a horizontal direction and a direction perpendicular to the conveying rail; the upper surface of the bearing block 620 is overlapped with the surface of the conveying track, and the bearing block is fixed on the moving seat; a clamping mechanism 630, which is fixed relative to the movable base and can clamp the workpiece on the bearing block, and the clamping direction is parallel to the moving direction of the movable base; specifically, the clamping mechanism is a finger cylinder, and the moving seat is a linear motor;

referring to fig. 7, a gap 210 is formed in the conveying track, so that the supporting block can move into the gap along with the moving seat, and the fixture can move the workpiece onto the supporting block.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the first polishing unit further includes two sets of positioning mechanisms 420, each of which includes a positioning block 421 and a top block 422, which are respectively located at two sides of the moving path of the movable base; the positioning blocks on the two groups of positioning mechanisms are distributed on different sides of the moving path of the moving seat; the top block can enable the workpiece on the passing bearing block to be abutted to the positioning block;

Referring to fig. 1, the polishing surface of the first polishing machine is parallel to the moving path of the movable base, and a linear moving mechanism 430 is connected between the first polishing machine and the frame, and the moving direction of the linear moving mechanism is perpendicular to the moving path of the movable base. The linear moving mechanism can drive the first polishing machine to translate for controlling the feeding amount of polishing.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the second polishing unit includes: the frame 510 is in sliding fit with the rack, the sliding direction of the frame is parallel to the distribution direction of the conveying tracks, and the frame is controlled to move through a screw rod mechanism; the two grinding wheels 520 are rotationally connected with the frame and driven by a motor to rotate, rolling shafts of the grinding wheels are parallel to the moving direction of the frame, and the two grinding wheels are divided into a rough polishing grinding wheel 521 and a fine polishing grinding wheel 522; the moving direction of the Z-axis moving mechanism is vertical and is located below the grinding wheel, the transfer mechanism for connecting the conveying track and the second polishing unit is integrally fixed on the Z-axis moving mechanism, the Z-axis moving mechanism can synchronously drive the transfer mechanism and workpieces thereon to be close to or far away from the grinding wheel, and specifically, the Z-axis moving mechanism is a screw rod mechanism.

The transfer mechanism bears the workpiece and moves towards the second polishing unit, and the Z-axis moving mechanism can lift the whole height of the transfer mechanism to enable the workpiece to gradually approach the grinding wheel; when the workpiece is contacted with the grinding wheel, the transfer mechanism keeps moving continuously, and the Z-axis moving mechanism moves up and down in a matched mode, so that the operation track of the workpiece is arc-shaped, and the workpiece can obtain an arc surface; the transfer mechanism drives the workpiece to pass through a rough polishing grinding wheel and a fine polishing grinding wheel in sequence, and the workpiece is sent back to the conveying track after being polished twice; the frame can drive the grinding wheel to move back and forth, so that the abrasion loss of each area is kept as uniform as possible.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, a vibration plate 110 is arranged on the frame, and the output end of the vibration plate is connected with the front end of the conveying track; the frame is also provided with a feeding push block 120 controlled by a cylinder, and the feeding push block can push a workpiece which just enters the conveying track to the conveying starting point of the clamp; the tail end of the conveying track is provided with an inclined blanking track 220. The shape and size of the workpiece can be fed through the vibrating disk.

Referring to fig. 7, the fixture is provided with two clamping pieces 331 spaced apart from each other in a front-to-back direction, and the distance between the clamping pieces is gradually increased from top to bottom. Such a configuration allows for some tolerance and allows for easier engagement of the clamp with the workpiece.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be varied in many ways, and that such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the scope of the invention. All such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of this claim.

Claims

1. a surface grinding and polishing device for a hexahedron workpiece, the hexahedron workpiece comprising four relatively small side surfaces and two large surfaces, characterized in that: including: a rack;

A conveying track, the conveying track is linear and fixed relative to the front and rear directions of the frame, and is used to carry the workpiece;

A transport mechanism, the transport mechanism includes: a first moving frame, which can move back and forth along the distribution direction of the conveying track, and the distance of each movement is fixed; a second moving frame, the second moving frame Synchronous movement with the first moving frame, while the second moving frame can reciprocate up and down relative to the first moving frame;

Clamps, the clamps are located on the upper side of the conveying track, the clamps are several in number and are distributed at equal intervals along the front and rear directions of the frame, and the distance between adjacent clamps is the same as the moving stroke of the first moving frame. The handling mechanism can drive all the fixtures to move synchronously;

a first polishing unit, the first polishing unit includes two relatively distributed surface polishing units, and the first polishing unit can perform plane polishing on any two parallel sides of the workpiece;

the second polishing unit, which can polish the large surface of the workpiece;

a transfer mechanism, a transfer mechanism is connected between the conveying track and the first polishing unit, and a transfer mechanism is also connected between the conveying track and the second polishing unit;

The first steering mechanism can perform vertical and axial steering operations on the workpiece;

The second steering mechanism can turn the workpiece in the horizontal axis;

The handling mechanism can drive the clamp to move up and down, back and forth, and the action modes of the clamp are in turn to form clamping and fixing with the workpiece downward, drive the workpiece to move backward, separate from the workpiece upward, and return to the original position forward; The mechanism circulates according to the above-mentioned action mode, and the fixture can drive the workpiece on the conveying track to move backward and equidistantly and gradually;

The first polishing unit is provided with two groups, which are arranged back and forth along the distribution direction of the conveying track. The first steering mechanism is located between the two first polishing units; the second polishing unit is also provided with two groups. and are arranged back and forth along the distribution direction of the conveying track, the second polishing unit is located at the rear side of the first polishing unit, and the second steering mechanism is located between the two second polishing units;

The handling mechanism is provided with a fixed rest time after completing one cycle. During the rest time, the handling mechanism can transfer the workpiece on the conveying track to the first polishing unit or the second polishing unit; The mechanism can transfer the workpiece back to the original position of the conveying track or directly complete the unloading.

2 . The surface grinding and polishing equipment for hexahedral workpieces according to claim 1 , wherein the second moving frame between the two first polishing units is provided with a steering cylinder whose rotating shaft is vertically arranged, and the The steering cylinder can drive a clamp to rotate 90° in the vertical axis, and the steering cylinder and the corresponding clamp form the first steering mechanism.

3. The surface grinding and polishing equipment for a hexahedral workpiece according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second steering mechanism comprises: a rotating device, the output shaft of which is horizontal and perpendicular to the distribution direction of the conveying track , the output shaft of the rotating device rotates 180° each time; the clamping assembly is used to clamp the workpiece, and the clamping assembly is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the rotating device; the feeding assembly, the feeding assembly can drive the rotation The unit moves as a whole to move the clamping assembly closer to or away from the workpiece on the conveyor track.

4 . The surface grinding and polishing equipment for hexahedral workpieces according to claim 3 , wherein the clamping component is a finger cylinder. 5 .

5. The surface grinding and polishing equipment for hexahedral workpieces according to claim 3, characterized in that: the transfer mechanism comprises: a moving seat, the moving seat is equipped to reciprocate in the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the direction of the conveying track; The upper surface of the supporting block coincides with the surface of the conveying track, and the supporting block is fixed on the movable base; the clamping mechanism is fixed relative to the movable base and can clamp the workpiece, and the clamping direction is parallel to the moving direction of the movable seat;

A gap is provided on the conveying track, so that the support block can move into the gap with the moving base, and the clamp can move the workpiece to the support block.

6. The surface grinding and polishing equipment for a hexahedral workpiece according to claim 5, characterized in that: the first polishing unit further comprises two sets of positioning mechanisms, the positioning mechanisms comprise a positioning block and a top block, which are respectively located at The two sides of the moving path of the moving seat; the positioning blocks on the two sets of positioning mechanisms are distributed on opposite sides of the moving path of the moving seat; the top block can abut the workpiece on the passing support block to the positioning block.

7 . The surface grinding and polishing equipment for hexahedral workpieces according to claim 6 , wherein the polishing surface of the first polishing machine is parallel to the moving path of the moving seat, and there is a gap between the first polishing machine and the frame. 8 . A linear moving mechanism is connected, and the moving direction of the linear moving mechanism is perpendicular to the moving path of the moving seat.

8 . The surface grinding and polishing equipment for hexahedral workpieces according to claim 5 , wherein the second polishing unit comprises: a frame, the frame and the frame are slidingly matched, and the sliding direction is distributed with the conveying track. 9 . The direction is parallel; the grinding wheel, the grinding wheel is connected with the frame in rotation, and the rolling axis of the grinding wheel is parallel to the moving direction of the frame; the Z-axis moving mechanism, the moving direction of the Z-axis moving mechanism is the vertical direction and is located under the grinding wheel, which is used for connecting and conveying The track and the transfer mechanism of the second polishing unit are integrally fixed on the Z-axis moving mechanism, and the Z-axis moving mechanism can synchronously drive the transfer mechanism and the workpiece on it to approach or move away from the grinding wheel.

9 . The surface grinding and polishing equipment for hexahedral workpieces according to claim 5 , wherein the frame is provided with a vibrating disc, and the output end of the vibrating disc is connected to the front end of the conveying track. 10 .

10. The surface grinding and polishing equipment for a hexahedral workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: the clamp is provided with two clips that are distributed at intervals in the front and rear, and the distance between the clips is gradually from top to bottom. Increase the setting.