CN113113638B - High-pressure hydrogen supply system of fuel cell automobile - Google Patents
High-pressure hydrogen supply system of fuel cell automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN113113638B CN113113638B CN202110351507.1A CN202110351507A CN113113638B CN 113113638 B CN113113638 B CN 113113638B CN 202110351507 A CN202110351507 A CN 202110351507A CN 113113638 B CN113113638 B CN 113113638B
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 270
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 268
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 268
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 102100029211 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TTC3 Human genes 0.000 claims description 35
- 101000633723 Homo sapiens E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TTC3 Proteins 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04708—Temperature of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of automobile energy, and discloses a high-pressure hydrogen supply system of a fuel cell automobile, wherein a hydrogenation device comprises a hydrogenation port; the hydrogen storage device comprises an electromagnetic valve and at least two hydrogen storage branches; each hydrogen storage branch comprises a first main path and a second bypass; the first main circuit is connected in parallel between the electromagnetic valve and the hydrogenation device; the supply device comprises a pressure reducing valve and a second pressure sensor, the pressure reducing valve is connected with the electromagnetic valve, and the second pressure sensor is communicated to the deelectricity stack; the second bypass is connected between the electromagnetic valve and the pressure reducing valve in parallel; the safety device comprises an unloading valve; and when the pressure monitored by the second pressure sensor exceeds a set value, the unloading valve is opened. According to the high-pressure hydrogen supply system, when the electromagnetic valve fails, the operation of the whole hydrogen supply system is not influenced, and the gas inlet and the gas outlet in the hydrogenation process are different branches, so that the problem of hydrogen backflow is avoided; and the high pressure hydrogen supply system of this application integrates a plurality of solenoid valves of tradition into a total solenoid valve, simplifies control unit, has saved the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of automobile energy, in particular to a high-pressure hydrogen supply system of a fuel cell automobile.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous emission of a large amount of harmful gases, the problem of air pollution has been the focus. In air pollution, vehicle exhaust emission occupies a large part, and the problem of vehicle harmful gas emission is increasingly aggravated. Under such a background, new energy vehicles using new energy as fuel have been produced and developed rapidly. The fuel cell is the final direction of new energy vehicles, can completely avoid pollution in both energy sources and waste generation, and is the most ideal development trend of new energy vehicles. At present, the development of fuel cells in China enters a high-speed development stage, and a hydrogen fuel cell automobile is used as a brand-new product and leads a new direction of the domestic new energy automobile market. A hydrogen storage system related to a hydrogen energy automobile not only needs to provide a stable and reliable hydrogen source, but also guarantees the hydrogen safety of the whole automobile; therefore, the safety, reliability, cost and other problems of the vehicle-mounted high-pressure hydrogen supply system directly affect the safety and cost of the whole vehicle.
In the related art, a hydrogen supply system of a hydrogen energy automobile comprises a hydrogen storage device, a pressure reduction device, a hydrogenation device and a discharge device. The hydrogen storage device supplies air through the air supply pipeline, and the pressure reduction device is arranged on the air supply pipeline and used for reducing the air supply pressure of the air supply pipeline; the discharge device comprises a high-temperature discharge assembly and a high-pressure discharge assembly, the high-temperature discharge assembly is communicated with the hydrogen storage device, and the high-pressure discharge assembly is communicated with the gas supply pipeline; the hydrogenation device is communicated with the hydrogen storage device through a hydrogenation pipeline and is used for supplementing hydrogen to the hydrogen storage device. The temperature sensor of the high-pressure hydrogen supply system is used for monitoring the temperature of the hydrogen storage device area, when the high temperature is too high, the high-temperature discharge assembly discharges the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device, if the pressure is reduced, the pressure is still greater than the preset value, and the high-pressure discharge assembly discharges the hydrogen in the gas supply pipeline.
However, each pipeline of the hydrogen storage device of the hydrogen supply system leading to the pressure reduction device is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the whole hydrogen supply system does not consider the problem that the electromagnetic valve cannot be opened due to failure so as to cause incapability of supplying hydrogen; and the inlet gas and the outlet gas in the hydrogenation process are the same branch, the problem of hydrogen backflow in the hydrogenation process is not considered, and the problems of hydrogenation reliability and component service life exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the application aims to provide a high-pressure hydrogen supply system of a fuel cell automobile, which does not influence the operation of the whole hydrogen supply system when an electromagnetic valve fails and can avoid the backflow of hydrogen in the hydrogenation process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the adopted technical scheme is a high-pressure hydrogen supply system of a fuel cell automobile, which comprises:
a hydrogenation unit comprising a hydrogenation port for receiving external hydrogen;
the hydrogen storage device comprises an electromagnetic valve and at least two hydrogen storage branches; each hydrogen storage branch comprises a first main path formed by a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and a normally open first stop valve, and a second bypass formed by the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and a normally closed first pressure relief valve; the first main path is connected between the electromagnetic valve and the hydrogenation device in parallel;
the supply device comprises a pressure reducing valve and a second pressure sensor which are arranged in series, the pressure reducing valve is connected with the electromagnetic valve, and the second pressure sensor is communicated to the de-electrifying stack; the second bypass is connected between the solenoid valve and the pressure reducing valve in parallel;
the safety device comprises an unloading valve, one end of the unloading valve is connected between the second pressure sensor and the electric reactor, and the other end of the unloading valve is connected to an exhaust port; when the pressure monitored by the second pressure sensor exceeds a set value, the unloading valve is opened.
In some embodiments, the first main path further comprises an overflow valve disposed between the high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder and the first shut-off valve.
In some embodiments, the first main circuit further comprises a second check valve and a first filter in series, the second check valve being connected to the excess flow valve, the first filter being connected to the first shut-off valve; the second one-way valve acts on the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and only flows out but not flows in.
In some embodiments, the hydrogen storage branch further comprises a third bypass, the third bypass comprising a first one-way valve having one end connected to the high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder and the other end connected between the first filter and the first shut-off valve, wherein the first one-way valve is in a direction opposite to the second one-way valve.
In some embodiments, the hydrogen storage branch further comprises a fourth bypass comprising a temperature sensor and a TPRD assembly in series, the temperature sensor connected to the high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder, the TPRD assembly connected to a gas vent.
In some embodiments, the TPRD assemblies of all hydrogen storage branches are connected in parallel, a fourth one-way valve is arranged between the parallel end of all TPRD assemblies and the exhaust port, and one end of the unloading valve is communicated between the fourth one-way valve and the exhaust port.
In some embodiments, the second bypass further comprises a third filter, one end of the third filter is connected to the first pressure relief valve, and the other end of the third filter is connected between the solenoid valve and the pressure relief valve.
In some embodiments, the hydrogenation unit further comprises a second filter and a third one-way valve, the hydrogenation port is connected in series with the second filter and the third one-way valve in sequence, and the third one-way valve is connected to the hydrogen storage unit.
In some embodiments, the safety device further comprises a manual emptying ball valve, and after the manual emptying ball valve is connected with the unloading valve in parallel, one end of the manual emptying ball valve is connected to the de-galvanic pile, and the other end of the manual emptying ball valve is connected to the exhaust port.
In some embodiments, a first pressure sensor is further arranged between adjacent hydrogen storage branches, and when the first pressure sensor monitors that the pipeline hydrogen pressure is abnormal, an alarm is automatically given.
The technical scheme who provides this application brings beneficial effect includes:
1. the hydrogen supply system comprises a hydrogenation device, a hydrogen storage device, a supply device and a safety device, wherein the hydrogen storage device comprises at least two hydrogen storage branches, each hydrogen storage branch comprises a first main path and a second bypass, the first main path is formed by a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and a normally open first stop valve, the second bypass is formed by a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and a normally closed first pressure release valve, the first main path is connected to the supply device through an electromagnetic valve, and the second bypass is not connected to the supply device through the electromagnetic valve; when the first main path has a fault, closing the first stop valve, opening the first pressure relief valve, and supplying hydrogen to the supply device by using the second bypass; when the electromagnetic valve breaks down, the operation of the whole hydrogen supply system is not influenced, the influence of the failure of the electromagnetic valve on the whole hydrogen supply system is reduced, and the safety performance of the hydrogen supply system is improved.
2. According to the hydrogen supply system, in the hydrogen supply process, the first main path and the third bypass exist simultaneously, so that each hydrogen storage branch is independent from each other and does not interfere with each other in a pipeline for inputting hydrogen into the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and a pipeline for outputting hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle, and the backflow phenomenon is prevented when the hydrogen is input and output; and the first main path and the third bypass are provided with one-way valves, so that backflow can be further prevented in input and output, and the hydrogen storage process and the hydrogen supply process are more stable and reliable.
3. In the hydrogen supply system, the unloading valve is in a normally closed state, and after the high-pressure hydrogen is decompressed through the pressure reducing valve, the pressure is still higher than a set value, the unloading valve is automatically opened, and partial pressure relief is performed on the high-pressure hydrogen with abnormal pressure, so that the pressure of the hydrogen transported to the electric pile is normal. Specifically, after the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen is reduced by the pressure reducing valve, when the pressure is still higher than a set value, partial pressure relief is carried out on the high-pressure hydrogen with abnormal pressure, so that the pressure of the hydrogen conveyed to the electric pile is normal, and the stable operation of a hydrogen supply system is kept; and meanwhile, a manual emptying ball valve is also arranged, when the unloading valve needs to be automatically opened, but the unloading valve is in failure, the manual emptying ball valve is manually opened to perform overpressure protection under emergency emptying pressure.
4. The hydrogen storage branch of hydrogen supply system of this application still contains the fourth bypass, and the fourth bypass contains temperature sensor and TPRD subassembly of series connection, and temperature sensor is connected to high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle, and the TPRD subassembly is connected to the gas vent. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is too high, the TPRD component is automatically started, the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is emergently released, the safety of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is further ensured, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is subjected to over-temperature protection.
5. The TPRD subassembly of all hydrogen storage branches of this application is parallelly connected, sets up the fourth check valve between the parallelly connected end of all TPRD subassemblies and the gas vent. One end of the unloading valve is communicated between the fourth one-way valve and the exhaust port, and after the unloading valve starts to work, the fourth one-way valve can protect the TPRD assembly to prevent gas from flowing back to impact the TPRD assembly, so that the over-temperature protection effect of the TPRD assembly is more stable and reliable.
6. For each traditional high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle corresponds installation solenoid valve, the hydrogen supply system of this application has simplified control unit, has saved control cost with an integrated total solenoid valve of all solenoid valves in other words.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen supply system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Reference numerals:
11. a high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder; 12. an overflow valve; 131. a first check valve; 132. a second one-way valve; 14. a first pressure relief valve; 15. a first filter; 16. a first shut-off valve; 17. an electromagnetic valve; 18. a first pressure sensor; 19. a temperature sensor; 21. a hydrogenation port; 22. a second filter; 23. a third check valve; 31. a pressure reducing valve; 32. a second pressure sensor; 41. An unloading valve; 42. manually emptying the ball valve; 43. a TPRD component; 44. a fourth check valve; 50. A third filter; 131. a first check valve; 132. a second check valve; 100. a hydrogenation unit; 200. a hydrogen storage device; 300. a supply device; 400. a safety device; 2000. a hydrogen storage branch.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The application discloses an embodiment of a high-pressure hydrogen supply system of a fuel cell automobile, wherein the hydrogen supply system comprises a hydrogenation device 100, a hydrogen storage device 200, a supply device 300 and a safety device 400. The hydrogenation apparatus 100 comprises a hydrogenation port 21 for receiving external hydrogen. Specifically, the plug-in of the external steam supply device can be directly plugged and matched with the hydrogenation port 21 to supply hydrogen. The hydrogen storage device 200 comprises a solenoid valve 17 and at least two hydrogen storage branches 2000. Each hydrogen storage branch 2000 comprises a first main path comprising a high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder 11 and a normally open first cutoff valve 16, and a second bypass. The second bypass comprises a high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder 11 and a first pressure relief valve 14 which is normally closed. The end of the first main circuit is connected in parallel between the solenoid valve 17 and the hydrogenation unit 100.
Preferably, in one embodiment, the hydrogen storage device 200 comprises two hydrogen storage branches 2000, and the two hydrogen storage branches 2000 form a redundant design, which can ensure that when one hydrogen storage branch 2000 fails, the other hydrogen storage branch 2000 works normally, so that the hydrogen supply system is safer and more reliable.
The supply device 300 includes a pressure reducing valve 31 and a second pressure sensor 32 which are arranged in series, the pressure reducing valve 31 is connected with the electromagnetic valve 17, and the second pressure sensor 32 is communicated to the de-electrifying stack; the end of the second bypass is connected in parallel between the solenoid valve 17 and the pressure reducing valve 31. In the process of the operation of the hydrogen supply system, the supply device 300 plays a role of reducing the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen, and after the pressure is reduced, the second pressure sensor 32 is used for monitoring the pressure of the hydrogen after the pressure is reduced, so that the pressure transmitted to the electric reactor is ensured to be normal, and the whole hydrogen supply system is safer and more reliable. The end part of the second bypass is connected in parallel between the electromagnetic valve 17 and the pressure reducing valve 31, and in the running process of the hydrogen supply system, the second bypass is in a non-working state as long as the first main circuit works normally; once the first main path works abnormally (including pipeline breakage, electromagnetic valve damage and the like), the first stop valve 16 is closed, the first pressure release valve 14 is opened, hydrogen is supplied through the second bypass, the electromagnetic valve 17 fails, the operation of the whole hydrogen supply system is not affected, and the safety performance of the whole hydrogen supply system is improved.
The safety device 400 includes an unloading valve 41, and one end of the unloading valve 41 is connected between the second pressure sensor 32 and the de-stack and the other end is connected to an exhaust port. The unloading valve 41 is in a normally closed state, and when the pressure monitored by the second pressure sensor 32 exceeds a set value, the unloading valve 41 is automatically opened. Specifically, after the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen is reduced by the pressure reducing valve, when the pressure is still higher than a set value, the unloading valve 41 is automatically opened to partially relieve the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen with abnormal pressure, so that the pressure of the hydrogen delivered to the electric pile is normal, and the stable operation of the hydrogen supply system is maintained.
In one embodiment, the first main path further comprises an overflow valve 12, the overflow valve 12 being disposed between the high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder 11 and the first shut-off valve 16. The overflow valve 12 plays a role in keeping the hydrogen supply pressure of the hydrogen supply system constant, and when the hydrogen pressure of the downstream pipeline is abnormal (if the downstream pipeline is broken), the pressure difference between the input end and the output end of the overflow valve 12 is too large, and the overflow valve 12 can be automatically closed, so that accidents are avoided.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen supply system includes a hydrogenation apparatus 100, a hydrogen storage apparatus 200, a supply apparatus 300, and a safety apparatus 400. The hydrogenation device 100 comprises a hydrogenation port 21 for receiving external hydrogen; a hydrogen storage device 200 comprising a solenoid valve 17 and at least two hydrogen storage branches 2000; each hydrogen storage branch 2000 comprises a first main path formed by a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 and a normally open first stop valve 16, and a second bypass formed by the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 and a normally closed first pressure relief valve 14; the first main circuit is connected in parallel between the solenoid valve 17 and the hydrogenation unit 100. The supply device comprises a pressure reducing valve 31 and a second pressure sensor 32 which are arranged in series, wherein the pressure reducing valve 31 is connected with the electromagnetic valve 17, and the second pressure sensor 32 is communicated to the de-electrifying stack; the second bypass is connected in parallel between the solenoid valve 17 and the pressure reducing valve 31. The safety device 400 includes an unloading valve 41, and one end of the unloading valve 41 is connected between the second pressure sensor 32 and the discharge stack, and the other end is connected to an exhaust port. Further, the first main path further comprises a second check valve 132 and a first filter 15 which are connected in series, the second check valve 132 is connected with the overflow valve 12, and the first filter 15 is connected with the first cut-off valve 16; the second check valve 132 acts on the high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder 11 such that the high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder 11 flows only outward and not inward. The first filter 15 can filter hydrogen gas output from the inside of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 11. The second check valve 132 can prevent the hydrogen from flowing back when the high pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 outputs hydrogen.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen supply system includes a hydrogenation apparatus 100, a hydrogen storage apparatus 200, a supply apparatus 300, and a safety apparatus 400. The hydrogenation apparatus 100 comprises a hydrogenation port 21 for receiving external hydrogen. The hydrogen storage device 200 comprises an electromagnetic valve 17 and at least two hydrogen storage branches 2000; each hydrogen storage branch 2000 comprises a first main path formed by a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 and a normally open first stop valve 16, and a second bypass formed by the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 and a normally closed first pressure relief valve 14; the first main circuit is connected in parallel between the solenoid valve 17 and the hydrogenation unit 100. The supply device 300 comprises a pressure reducing valve 31 and a second pressure sensor 32 which are arranged in series, wherein the pressure reducing valve 31 is connected with the electromagnetic valve 17, and the second pressure sensor 32 is communicated to a de-electrifying stack; the second bypass is connected in parallel between the solenoid valve 17 and the pressure reducing valve 31. The safety device 400 includes an unloading valve 41, and one end of the unloading valve 41 is connected between the second pressure sensor 32 and the discharge stack, and the other end is connected to an exhaust port. Further, each hydrogen storage branch includes a third bypass in addition to the first main path and the second bypass, the third bypass includes a first check valve 131, one end of the first check valve 131 is connected to the high pressure hydrogen storage tank 11, and the other end is connected between the first filter 15 and the first cut-off valve 16. The first check valve 131 is oriented in the opposite direction to the second check valve 132. The third bypass and the first main path exist simultaneously, so that each hydrogen storage branch 2000 is independent from the pipeline for outputting hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11, and is not interfered with each other, and is provided with a one-way valve, so that backflow can be prevented in input and output, and the hydrogen storage process and the hydrogen supply process are more stable and reliable.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage branch 2000 further comprises a fourth bypass comprising a temperature sensor 19 and a TPRD assembly 43 in series, the temperature sensor 19 being connected to the high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder 11 and the TPRD assembly 43 being connected to the vent. When the temperature sensor 19 detects that the temperature of hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 is too high, the TPRD component 43 is automatically opened, the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 is emergently released, and the safety of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 is further ensured.
Further, the TPRD assemblies 43 of all the hydrogen storage branches 2000 are connected in parallel, and a fourth check valve 44 is disposed between the parallel end of all the TPRD assemblies 43 and the exhaust port. One end of the unloading valve 41 is communicated between the fourth one-way valve 44 and the exhaust port, and after the unloading valve 41 starts to work, the fourth one-way valve 44 can protect the TPRD assembly 43 and prevent gas from flowing back to impact the TPRD assembly 43, so that the over-temperature protection function of the TPRD assembly 43 is stable and reliable.
Preferably, the second bypass further comprises a third filter 50, one end of the third filter 50 is connected to the first relief valve 14, and the other end is connected between the solenoid valve 17 and the relief valve 31. The third filter 50 also functions to filter the hydrogen gas, enabling the hydrogen gas delivered to the supply device to be purer.
In one embodiment, the hydrogenation apparatus 100 further comprises a second filter 22 and a third check valve 23, the hydrogenation port 21 is connected in series with the second filter 22 and the third check valve 23 in sequence, and the third check valve 23 is connected to the hydrogen storage apparatus 200. The hydrogen gas supplied from the external hydrogen supply device is filtered by the filter 22 through the hydrogen addition port 21, and then supplied to the supply device 300 through the check valve 23.
Specifically, the ends of the first main routes of all the hydrogen storage branches 2000 are connected in parallel between the solenoid valve 17 and the check valve 23.
In one embodiment, the safety device 400 includes an unloading valve 41, and one end of the unloading valve 41 is connected between the second pressure sensor 32 and the discharge stack, and the other end is connected to the exhaust port. The unloading valve 41 is in a normally closed state, and when the pressure monitored by the second pressure sensor 32 exceeds a set value, the unloading valve 41 is opened. The safety device 400 further comprises a manual emptying ball valve 42, wherein after the manual emptying ball valve 42 is connected with the unloading valve 41 in parallel, one end of the manual emptying ball valve is connected to the de-galvanic pile, and the other end of the manual emptying ball valve is connected to the exhaust port. Specifically, after the manual emptying ball valve 42 is connected in parallel with the unloading valve 41, one end of the manual emptying ball valve is connected between the de-stack and the pressure sensor 32, and the other end of the manual emptying ball valve is connected between the exhaust port and the fourth one-way valve 44.
Specifically, after the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen is reduced by the pressure reducing valve, when the pressure is still higher than a set value, the unloading valve 41 is automatically opened to partially relieve the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen with abnormal pressure, so that the pressure of the hydrogen delivered to the electric pile is normal, and the stable operation of the hydrogen supply system is maintained. However, when the unloading valve 41 fails, and the unloading valve 41 cannot be automatically opened at this time, the manual purge ball valve 42 needs to be manually opened to release the pressure. The manual emptying ball valve 42 and the unloading valve 41 are arranged in parallel, so that the stability of the hydrogen supply system is further ensured.
In one embodiment, a first pressure sensor 18 (shown in fig. 1) is further disposed between the adjacent hydrogen storage branches 2000, and an alarm is given when the first pressure sensor 18 detects that the pipeline hydrogen pressure is abnormal. The first pressure sensor 18 can find the pipeline pressure abnormality more promptly. Specifically, the output hydrogen pressure of the high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder is known, and the first pressure sensor 18 alarms when the pressure monitored by the first pressure sensor 18 is too great in pressure difference from the known hydrogen pressure.
Further, all of the "connection" and "communication" herein are performed through the exhaust pipe.
The operating principle of a fuel cell high-pressure hydrogen supply system of the present application as shown in fig. 1 is as follows:
when hydrogenation is needed, the hydrogenation device 100 is connected with a hydrogenation pipeline to hydrogenate the hydrogen storage device 200, specifically, external hydrogen is input through the hydrogenation port 21, filtered through the second filter 22, and then conveyed into the hydrogen storage device 200 through the third check valve 23.
The hydrogen storage apparatus 200 comprises a plurality of hydrogen storage branches 2000, each hydrogen storage branch 2000 comprising a first main path, a second bypass, a third bypass, and a fourth bypass, the first main path being connected in series with an overflow valve 12, a second check valve 132, a first filter 15, and a first shutoff valve 16 in sequence. The second bypass comprises a high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder 11 and a first pressure relief valve 14 which is normally closed. The third bypass comprises a first check valve 131, one end of the first check valve 131 is connected with the high pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11, and the other end is connected between the first filter 15 and the first stop valve 16; the fourth bypass includes a temperature sensor 19 and a TPRD assembly 43.
In a normal state, when the hydrogenation apparatus 100 stores hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage apparatus 200, hydrogen gas is input into the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 from the third bypass, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 delivers hydrogen gas to the supply apparatus 300 from the first main path. For traditional hydrogenation system, this application need not solenoid valve 17 in hydrogenation process and maintains normally open state, has promoted solenoid valve 17's life, has prevented that hydrogenation system from taking place hydrogen backward flow phenomenon during hydrogenation.
In one embodiment, all control valves for the entire hydrogen storage apparatus 200 are integrated into the gas cylinder.
The hydrogen supply system can simultaneously perform over-temperature protection, overvoltage protection and overcurrent protection, and is not affected by the fault of the electromagnetic valve 17.
When the temperature sensor 19 detects that the temperature in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 is overhigh, the TPRD component 43 automatically starts to emergently release the pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 for overtemperature protection;
when the second pressure sensor detects that the hydrogen supply pressure is still greater than a preset value after being reduced by the pressure reducing valve 31, the unloading valve 41 is opened to release the pressure of the hydrogen supply pipeline; when the unloading valve 41 fails and cannot be opened, the manual emptying ball valve 42 can be opened to perform emergency emptying pressure for overpressure protection;
when the overflow valve 12 detects that the pipeline pressure difference is too large, namely the pressure at the input end and the output end of the overflow valve 12 is too large (for example, the pressure difference at the two ends exceeds 4Mpa), the overflow valve 12 is closed, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 stops supplying hydrogen to perform overcurrent protection;
when the electromagnetic valve 17 of the main hydrogen supply pipeline fails to open due to failure, the first pressure relief valve 14 is opened and supplies hydrogen for the main hydrogen supply pipeline through a filter in an emergency manner.
Simultaneously, the hydrogen storage system of this application, in prior art's hydrogen storage valve, reduces the solenoid valve in a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles 11 to a solenoid valve 17, and solenoid valve 17 will mainly supply the hydrogen pipeline to open and close to save the cost.
The hydrogen supply system comprises a hydrogenation device 100, a hydrogen storage device 200, a supply device 300 and a safety device 400, wherein the hydrogen storage device 200 comprises at least two hydrogen storage branches 2000, each hydrogen storage branch 2000 comprises a first main path and a second bypass, the first main path is formed by a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 and a normally open first stop valve 16, the second bypass is formed by the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 and a normally closed first pressure release valve 14, the first main path is connected to the supply device 300 through an electromagnetic valve 17, and the second bypass is not connected to the supply device 300 through the electromagnetic valve 17; when the first main path has a fault, the first stop valve 16 is closed, the first pressure relief valve 14 is opened, and hydrogen is supplied to the supply device 300 by the second bypass; when the electromagnetic valve 17 breaks down, the operation of the whole hydrogen supply system is not influenced, the influence of the failure of the electromagnetic valve 17 on the whole hydrogen supply system is reduced, and the safety performance of the hydrogen supply system is improved.
Meanwhile, in the process of hydrogen supply, the first main path and the third bypass exist at the same time, so that each hydrogen storage branch 2000 is independent from each other in a pipeline for inputting hydrogen into the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 and a pipeline for outputting hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11, and the pipelines are not interfered with each other, thereby preventing backflow phenomenon in the process of inputting and outputting hydrogen; and first main road and third bypass all are provided with the check valve, can further prevent the backward flow in input/output for hydrogen storage process and hydrogen supply process are more reliable and more stable.
Further, in the hydrogen supply system of the present application, the unloading valve 41 is in a normally closed state, and when the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen is still higher than a set value after being reduced by the pressure reducing valve 31, the unloading valve 41 is automatically opened to partially relieve the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen with abnormal pressure, so that the pressure of the hydrogen delivered to the electric pile is normal. Specifically, after the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen is reduced by the pressure reducing valve, when the pressure is still higher than a set value, partial pressure relief is carried out on the high-pressure hydrogen with abnormal pressure, so that the pressure of the hydrogen conveyed to the electric pile is normal, and the stable operation of a hydrogen supply system is kept; meanwhile, a manual emptying ball valve 42 is also arranged, and when the unloading valve 41 needs to be automatically opened but the unloading valve 41 has a fault, the manual emptying ball valve 42 is manually opened to empty pressure for emergency so as to perform overpressure protection.
The hydrogen storage branch 2000 of the hydrogen supply system of the present application further comprises a fourth bypass comprising a temperature sensor 19 and a TPRD assembly 43 in series, the temperature sensor 19 being connected to the high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder 11 and the TPRD assembly 43 being connected to the vent. When the temperature sensor 19 detects that the temperature of the hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 is too high, the TPRD component 43 is automatically started, the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 is emergently released, the safety of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 is further ensured, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 11 is subjected to over-temperature protection.
The TPRD assemblies 43 of all hydrogen storage branches 2000 of the present application are connected in parallel, and a fourth check valve 44 is disposed between the parallel ends of all TPRD assemblies 43 and the exhaust port. One end of the unloading valve 41 is communicated between the fourth one-way valve 44 and the exhaust port, and after the unloading valve 41 starts to work, the fourth one-way valve 44 can protect the TPRD assembly 43 and prevent gas from flowing back to impact the TPRD assembly 43, so that the over-temperature protection effect of the TPRD assembly 43 is more stable and reliable.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A fuel cell automobile high-pressure hydrogen supply system, characterized by comprising:
a hydrogenation apparatus (100) comprising a hydrogenation port (21) for receiving external hydrogen;
a hydrogen storage device (200) comprising a solenoid valve (17) and at least two hydrogen storage branches (2000); each hydrogen storage branch (2000) comprises a first main path formed by a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle (11) and a normally open first stop valve (16), and a second bypass formed by the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle (11) and a normally closed first pressure relief valve (14); the first main circuit is connected in parallel between the solenoid valve (17) and the hydrogenation device (100);
a supply device (300) comprising a pressure reducing valve (31) and a second pressure sensor (32) which are arranged in series, wherein the pressure reducing valve (31) is connected with the electromagnetic valve (17), and the second pressure sensor (32) is communicated to a de-electrifying stack; the second bypass is connected in parallel between the solenoid valve (17) and the pressure reducing valve (31);
a safety device (400) comprising an unloading valve (41), one end of the unloading valve (41) is connected between the second pressure sensor (32) and the electric discharge pile, and the other end is connected to an exhaust port; when the pressure monitored by the second pressure sensor (32) exceeds a set value, the unloading valve (41) is opened;
the first main path further comprises an overflow valve (12), and the overflow valve (12) is arranged between the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle (11) and the first stop valve (16);
the first main circuit also comprises a second check valve (132) and a first filter (15) which are connected in series, the second check valve (132) is connected with the overflow valve (12), and the first filter (15) is connected with the first stop valve (16); the second one-way valve (132) acts on the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle (11) and only flows out but not flows in;
the hydrogen storage branch (2000) further comprises a third bypass, the third bypass comprises a first check valve (131), one end of the first check valve (131) is connected with the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle (11), the other end of the first check valve is connected between the first filter (15) and the first stop valve (16), and the direction of the first check valve (131) is opposite to that of the second check valve (132).
2. The high-pressure hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen storage branch (2000) further comprises a fourth bypass comprising a temperature sensor (19) and a TPRD assembly (43) in series, the temperature sensor (19) connected to the high pressure hydrogen storage bottle (11), the TPRD assembly (43) connected to a gas vent.
3. The high-pressure hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 2, wherein: the TPRD assemblies (43) of all the hydrogen storage branches (2000) are connected in parallel, a fourth one-way valve (44) is arranged between the parallel end of all the TPRD assemblies (43) and the exhaust port, and one end of the unloading valve (41) is communicated between the fourth one-way valve (44) and the exhaust port.
4. The high-pressure hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the second bypass further comprises a third filter (50), one end of the third filter (50) is connected to the first pressure relief valve (14), and the other end of the third filter is connected between the electromagnetic valve (17) and the pressure relief valve (31).
5. The high-pressure hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrogenation device (100) further comprises a second filter (22) and a third one-way valve (23), the hydrogenation port (21) is sequentially connected with the second filter (22) and the third one-way valve (23) in series, and the third one-way valve (23) is communicated with the hydrogen storage device (200).
6. The high-pressure hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the safety device (400) further comprises a manual emptying ball valve (42), and after the manual emptying ball valve (42) is connected with the unloading valve (41) in parallel, one end of the manual emptying ball valve is connected to the de-galvanic pile, and the other end of the manual emptying ball valve is connected to the exhaust port.
7. The high-pressure hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: a first pressure sensor (18) is further arranged between the adjacent hydrogen storage branches (2000), and when the first pressure sensor (18) monitors that the pipeline pressure is abnormal, an alarm is given automatically.
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| CN114420974A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-29 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | External hydrogen supply system for fuel cell vehicle |
| CN114665127A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-24 | 北京派瑞华氢能源科技有限公司 | Marine hydrogen storage and supply system |
| CN115020754A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-06 | 青岛同清湖氢能源科技有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted intelligent hydrogen supply system |
| CN115117393A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-09-27 | 上海捷氢科技股份有限公司 | Hydrogen supply system for forklift |
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| DE102015209429A1 (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2016-04-28 | Hyundai Motor Company | Fuel cell system using a hydrogen supply manifold |
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| JP4679701B2 (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2011-04-27 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Fluid supply device and fuel supply system for fuel cell |
| KR102371601B1 (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2022-03-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Control method for fuel cell system |
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| DE102015209429A1 (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2016-04-28 | Hyundai Motor Company | Fuel cell system using a hydrogen supply manifold |
| CN108767293A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-11-06 | 安徽明天氢能科技股份有限公司 | One proton exchanging film fuel battery automobile hydrogen supply and hydrogen gas circulating system |
| CN208674271U (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2019-03-29 | 安徽明天氢能科技股份有限公司 | One proton exchanging film fuel battery automobile hydrogen supply and hydrogen gas circulating system |
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