CN113151688A - Method and system for extracting gold from gold-bearing ore and cooperatively processing cyanidation tailings - Google Patents
Method and system for extracting gold from gold-bearing ore and cooperatively processing cyanidation tailings Download PDFInfo
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- CN113151688A CN113151688A CN202110368687.4A CN202110368687A CN113151688A CN 113151688 A CN113151688 A CN 113151688A CN 202110368687 A CN202110368687 A CN 202110368687A CN 113151688 A CN113151688 A CN 113151688A
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- HJTAZXHBEBIQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-bis(chloromethyl)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCl)=CC=CC2=C1CCl HJTAZXHBEBIQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic trioxide Inorganic materials O1[As]2O[As]1O2 GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011268 retreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Inorganic materials [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
- C22B11/021—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
- C22B11/023—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials from pyrometallurgical residues, e.g. from ashes, dross, flue dust, mud, skim, slag, sludge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for extracting gold from gold-bearing ores and cooperatively processing cyanidation tailings. The method comprises adding water into gold-containing ore, and pulping to obtain gold-containing slurry; roasting the gold-containing slurry to obtain roasted sand; mixing the calcine, the cyanidation tailings, the calcium-containing material, the iron-containing material and the blister copper ingredients, and then adding the mixture into a smelting furnace for smelting to obtain a melt; carrying out heat preservation and sedimentation on the melt, and layering to obtain a slag layer and a metal layer; detecting the concentration of gold element contained in the metal layer, and judging whether to add the metal layer back into the smelting furnace; and separating gold in the crude copper to obtain metal gold. The system comprises a stirring tank, a roasting furnace, a batching mechanism, a smelting furnace and a settling device which are sequentially connected, and further comprises a return conveying mechanism for conveying the metal layer and a concentration detection mechanism for detecting the concentration of the gold element. The method has the advantages of simple treatment, short process flow and reasonable system structure, and can realize large-scale industrial application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal smelting and resource recovery, in particular to a method and a system for extracting gold from gold-bearing ores and cooperatively processing cyaniding tailings.
Background
In the gold smelting industry of China, a cyanide leaching process is usually adopted to extract gold, so that a large amount of cyanide tailings are generated in the production process.
The cyanidation tailings have the following characteristics: on the one hand, the cyanidation tailings are dangerous solid wastes containing As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and CN-Valuable metal elements and toxic ions with high mobility are difficult to completely remove through conventional technical treatment, and the treatment cost is high, so that the stockpiling is still the treatment mode adopted by most gold smelting enterprises. Long-term stockpiling not only causes a large amount of valuable metals to be lost, but also causes serious potential pollution and harm to surrounding ecological environments such as soil, underground water and the like. On the other hand, the recovery rate of gold extraction in the cyanide leaching process is low, and after leaching is completed, cyanide tailings contain more gold, so that a large amount of gold resources are wasted.
With the increasing importance of the country on resource recovery and environmental protection, how to perform harmless treatment on cyanidation tailings and how to recover gold elements in the cyanidation tailings by related production enterprises also become the technical subject of much research on gold smelting enterprises so far. For example, patent application publication No. CN104046787A discloses a method for comprehensive utilization of cyanidation tailings, which uses cyanidation tailings as raw materials and molten salts of NaOH, NaCl and NaNO3Or with NaOH, NaF and NaNO3The mixture is used as a medium, roasting is carried out at the temperature of 200-700 ℃, then water leaching and solid-liquid separation are carried out on a roasted product, finally Fe in the filter residue is recovered by adopting a magnetic separation method, and Au and Ag in the filter residue are recovered by adopting a cyaniding leaching method. As another example, publication No. CN111151383A discloses a method for recycling gold by classification and flow-division flotation of cyanidation tailings, which comprises the steps of classifying the cyanidation tailings by a screen to obtain two products of coarse and fine particle grades, respectively carrying out flotation on the coarse and fine particle grades according to respective targeted process parameters and a medicament system, selecting proper middlings subjected to coarse particle flotation as carrier media to be serially flowed into a fine particle flotation system to realize serial flow-carrier flotation, and improving the recovery efficiency of fine particles; and merging the concentrates subjected to coarse and fine fraction flotation into final gold concentrates, and merging the tailings subjected to coarse and fine fraction flotation into final tailings.
Although the cyanidation tailing processing method disclosed by the patent can realize the retreatment of the cyanidation tailing and the recovery of the gold element in the cyanidation tailing, the cyanidation tailing is processed by adopting a corresponding independent process route which is completely independent from a gold ore gold extraction process route, and the gold ore gold extraction process route and the cyanidation tailing process route are not in a cooperative relationship, which inevitably brings the defects of increased investment cost and long process time consumption. Because the two process routes both relate to the extraction of gold elements, if a process method can be found for extracting gold from gold ores and treating cyanidation tailings, the investment of capital and time is inevitably reduced greatly.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to address one or more of the problems in the prior art as set forth above. For example, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a method for the co-processing of cyanidation tailings while gold is extracted from gold-containing ores.
One aspect of the invention provides a method for extracting gold from gold-bearing ores and cooperatively processing cyanided tailings, which comprises the following steps: adding water into the gold-containing ore and carrying out size mixing to obtain gold-containing slurry; roasting the gold-containing slurry to obtain roasted sand; mixing the calcine, the cyanidation tailings, the calcium-containing material, the iron-containing material and the blister copper ingredients, and then adding the mixture into a smelting furnace for smelting to obtain a melt; carrying out heat preservation and sedimentation on the melt, and layering to obtain a slag layer and a metal layer; detecting the concentration of gold element contained in the metal layer, if the concentration does not reach a preset value, returning the metal layer to the smelting furnace, repeating the smelting and heat preservation and sedimentation processes until the concentration of gold element contained in the settled metal layer is not less than the preset value, and recovering the metal layer to obtain gold-containing blister copper; and separating gold in the crude copper to obtain metal gold.
The invention provides a system for the gold-bearing ore gold extraction cooperative treatment of cyanidation tailings, which comprises a stirring tank, a roasting furnace, a batching mechanism, a smelting furnace, a settling device, a return conveying mechanism and a concentration detection mechanism, wherein the stirring tank is used for stirring gold-bearing ores and water to prepare gold-bearing slurry; the roasting furnace is used for roasting the gold-containing slurry; the batching mechanism is used for weighing and batching the calcine obtained after the roasting furnace is roasted, cyanided tailings, calcium-containing materials, iron-containing materials and blister copper; the smelting furnace is used for smelting the materials weighed and proportioned by the proportioning mechanism; the sedimentation device is used for carrying out heat preservation sedimentation on the melt obtained after smelting in the smelting furnace; the return conveying mechanism is used for returning the metal layer which does not reach the preset value concentration after the sedimentation device sedimentates to the smelting furnace; and the concentration detection mechanism is used for detecting the concentration of the gold element in the metal layer obtained after the sedimentation of the sedimentation device.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention at least comprise at least one of the following:
(1) the method and the system can realize harmless treatment of the cyanide tailings while extracting gold from minerals, can simultaneously extract gold and silver elements in the cyanide tailings, organically combines the mineral gold extraction and the cyanide tailings treatment process route, and can greatly reduce investment of capital and time;
(2) the method of the invention controls the slag form in the smelting process reasonably, and can improve the recovery rate of gold and silver while reducing the smelting period;
(3) the method has the advantages of simple treatment, short process flow, high metal recovery rate, low energy consumption, good environmental protection, less smoke and slag, reasonable system structure and large-scale industrial application.
Drawings
The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system for co-processing cyanide tailings with gold-bearing ore extraction according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a system for the gold-bearing ore gold extraction co-processing of cyanidation tailings according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a stirring tank, 2-a roasting furnace, 3-a batching mechanism, 4-a smelting furnace, 5-a settling device, 6-a return conveying mechanism, 6 a-a concentration comparison unit, 6 b-an execution unit, 7-a concentration detection mechanism, 8-a flue gas treatment mechanism, 8 a-a waste heat boiler, 8 b-a bag-type dust remover and 8 c-an acid making device.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a method and a system for the cooperative treatment of cyanide tailings in gold-bearing ore gold extraction according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.
The invention provides a method for extracting gold from gold-bearing ores and cooperatively processing cyanided tailings. In an exemplary embodiment of a method for gold extraction from gold-bearing ores to co-process cyanidation tailings of the invention, the method can comprise the following steps:
s01, adding gold-containing ore into the mixed slurry to obtain gold-containing slurry. Gold-containing ore can be stirred with water to obtain gold-containing slurry.
And S02, roasting the gold-containing slurry to obtain roasted product.
And S03, mixing the calcine, the cyanidation tailings, the calcium-containing material, the iron-containing material and the blister copper ingredients, and then adding the mixture into a smelting furnace for smelting to obtain a melt.
And S04, carrying out heat preservation and sedimentation on the melt, and layering to obtain a slag layer and a metal layer.
S05, detecting the concentration of the gold element contained in the metal layer, if the concentration does not reach the preset value, returning the metal layer to the smelting furnace, repeating the smelting and heat preservation and sedimentation processes until the concentration of the gold element contained in the settled metal layer is not less than the preset value, and recycling the metal layer to obtain the gold and silver-containing blister copper.
And S06, separating the gold and the silver in the crude copper to obtain metal gold and silver.
Further, the roasting temperature can be 750-850 ℃. At the above roasting temperature, the sulfur source in the gold-containing ore can be removed from the ore, and then oxidized and discharged out of the roasting furnace along with the roasting flue gas generated by the roasting furnace. The firing may be performed in a fluidized bed furnace.
Further, the mass ratio of the total silicon element contained in the calcine and the cyanidation tailings, the calcium element contained in the calcium-containing material and the iron element contained in the iron-containing material is 3-4: 1.6-2.5: 2.5-3.5.
In the above raw materials, the mass ratio of the silicon element contained in the calcine and the cyanidation tailings to the calcium element in the calcium-containing material and the iron element in the iron-containing material has an important influence on the slag form generated in the smelting process. In order to achieve the purpose of extracting gold and silver elements in gold-containing ores and cyanidation tailings and cooperatively processing the cyanidation tailings, the slag form generated in the smelting process needs to be controlled to be SiO2-FeO-CaO slag form. The mass ratio of the total silicon element mass contained in the calcine to the cyanidation tailings, the calcium element mass contained in the calcium-containing material and the iron element contained in the iron-containing material is controlled to be 3-4: 1.6-2.5: 2.5-3.5, so that on one hand, the slag mold obtained by the controlled proportioning has good fluidity and lower slagging temperature. Compared with slag types generated by other mass proportions, the slagging temperature obtained by the material proportioning is only 1150-1250 ℃, and is matched with the smelting temperature set by the invention, namely 1200-1300 ℃, so that gold in gold-containing ores and cyanidation tailings can be better refined, the recovery rate of gold is improved, the energy consumption and fuel consumption can be reduced, and the load of refractory materials and flue gas treatment processes is reduced; on the other hand, the slag mold obtained by the material proportion has small slag viscosity and good fluidity, is beneficial to the transfer of the recovered metal ions from the slag mold to the metal phase, and can reduce the smelting period; on the other hand, through the above-mentioned material ratio of controlling, can realize that slag blanket and metal level have good layering effect, avoid cladding the metal of retrieving in the slag blanket, influence the rate of recovery of gold and silver. Compared with other proportions, the recovery rate of gold can be improved by more than 3% by using the proportion of the raw materials. Preferably, the mass ratio of the total silicon element mass contained in the calcine and the cyanidation tailings, the calcium element mass contained in the calcium-containing material and the iron element contained in the iron-containing material is controlled to be 3-4: 2-2.4: 2.7-3.2, the slagging temperature of the obtained slag is below 1200 ℃, and the slag is preparedThe fluidity is better, the slag layer and the metal layer are remarkably layered, and the slag hardly contains the metal layer. More preferably, the mass ratio of the total silicon element mass contained in the calcine and the cyanidation tailings, the calcium element mass contained in the calcium-containing material and the iron element contained in the iron-containing material is controlled to be 3-4: 2.1-2.28: 2.84-3.08, for example, 3.6:2.2: 3.0.
Further, the calcium-containing material may be one or more of calcium oxide and calcium carbonate, and the iron-containing material may be one or more of pig iron and pellets.
Further, the metal layer may be enriched with other noble metals, such as metallic silver. In the separation process, the metal silver can be obtained by recovering noble metals such as silver.
Furthermore, in order to save the usage amount of the blister copper and better capture metal gold and silver, the blister copper accounts for 5-20% of the total mass of the calcine, the cyanidation tailings, the calcium-containing material and the iron-containing material. For example, blister copper may comprise 10% of the batch mixture. In this case, the gold-bearing ore may be a flotation gold concentrate. The content of Au contained in the flotation gold concentrate can be more than 20g/t, for example, 20 g/t-60 g/t, the content of Ag can be more than 40g/t, for example, 40 g/t-60 g/t, the mass proportion of the S element can be more than 20%, for example, 20% -30%, and the mass proportion of the Fe element can be 15%, for example, 15% -32%. For example, the content of Au may be 35g/t, the content of Ag may be 65g/t, the mass ratio of the S element may be 26%, and the mass ratio of the Fe element may be 28%. The content of Au in the cyaniding tailings can be more than 0.5g/t, the content of Ag can be more than 10g/t, the mass proportion of S element can be 1% -4%, and the mass proportion of Fe element can be 15% -32%. For example, the content of Au in the cyanidation tailings can be 0.5 g/t-3.5 g/t, and the content of Ag can be 10 g/t-30 g/t. For example, the content of Au may be 2.3g/t, the content of Ag may be 22g/t, the mass percentage of the S element may be 3%, and the mass percentage of the Fe element may be 26%.
Further, the smelting furnace may be a smelting furnace. The temperature controlled in the smelting process can be 1200-1300 ℃. The cyanide contained in the cyanidation tailings can be decomposed by high-temperature treatment of smelting, thereby avoiding CN-The pollution to the environment is caused, and the pollution to the environment is avoided,can realize harmless treatment.
Further, the upper slag layer and the lower metal layer can be obtained after the melt is subjected to heat preservation and sedimentation. The slag layer can be treated by water quenching to obtain water-quenched slag. The metal elements such as gold, silver and the like contained in the gold-containing ores and the cyanidation tailings are enriched in the copper liquid to form a metal layer.
Further, in S05, since gold and silver can be melted in the blister copper solution in the melting furnace, gold and silver can be captured by copper. After smelting is started, the concentration of the captured gold and silver in the copper liquid is not high and does not reach the saturation concentration of the gold and silver dissolved in the copper liquid, and in order to fully utilize the copper liquid and reduce the consumption of crude copper, the copper liquid containing a certain amount of gold and silver can be recycled, so that the metal layer obtained after layering can be added into the smelting furnace again, and the copper liquid in the metal layer can continuously capture the gold and the silver. And when the gold element collected in the metal layer reaches the preset concentration, stopping adding the metal layer back into the smelting furnace, and directly recovering the metal layer after heat preservation and sedimentation.
In the above, the predetermined value may be a given value. For example, the predetermined value may be 80g/t or 100g/t or 95 g/t. Of course, the predetermined value of the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be determined according to the actual condition and the condition of generating profit, for example. It should be noted, however, that the predetermined value set needs to be below the saturation concentration of gold in the copper bath.
Further, the gold and silver in the crude copper can be separated and recovered by an electrolytic process.
Further, in S03, the calcine obtained by calcining S02 is mixed and then directly charged into a smelting furnace to be smelted, whereby the heat of the calcine itself can be utilized, and the fuel consumption can be reduced.
The invention also provides a system for extracting gold from gold-bearing ores and cooperatively processing cyanided tailings. The system can be applied to a method for extracting gold from gold-bearing ores and cooperatively processing cyanidation tailings. In an exemplary embodiment of the system for co-processing cyanide tailings in gold-containing ore gold extraction according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the system may include a stirred tank 1, a roasting furnace 2, a batching mechanism 3, a smelting furnace 4, a settling device 5, a return mechanism 6, and a concentration detection mechanism 7. Wherein,
the agitation tank 1 can be used for agitating gold-containing ores and water to prepare gold-containing slurry. The gold-containing ore and water can enter from a feed inlet arranged at the top of the stirring tank 1, are uniformly mixed in the stirring tank 1 and are conveyed to a roasting furnace. The mode of transportation can be pumped into the roasting furnace 2 by a slurry pump. The gold-containing slurry after stirring can enable the gold-containing ore to be mixed with water more uniformly, so that roasting in a roasting furnace is facilitated, and the desulfurization effect is better.
The roasting furnace 2 may be used for roasting gold-containing slurry. The gold-containing slurry can enter the roasting furnace 2 from a feeding hole arranged at the top of the roasting furnace 2, high-pressure gas is blown from the lower part of the roasting furnace 2 for fluidized roasting, and roasted sand obtained after roasting is discharged from the bottom of the roasting furnace. The temperature of the roasting in the roasting furnace 2 can be controlled between 750 ℃ and 850 ℃, for example, the temperature can be 800 ℃. The sulphur in the gold-containing slurry can be removed by roasting in roasting furnace 2. The roasting furnace may be a fluidized bed furnace.
The batching mechanism 3 is used for weighing the calcine, the cyaniding tailings, the calcium-containing materials, the iron-containing materials and the blister copper, and then directly adding the weighed materials into the smelting furnace 4 for smelting. The dosing mechanism 3 may comprise a plurality of storage bins and a weighing device arranged in the lower part of each storage bin. For example, a calcine silo, a cyanidation tailings silo, a calcic silo, an iron silo, and a blister copper silo may be included. After being discharged from the storage bin, the materials respectively enter the corresponding weighing devices to be weighed, and after the weighing is finished, the materials can be conveyed to the smelting furnace 4 through a belt.
The smelting furnace 4 is used for smelting the materials weighed and proportioned by the proportioning mechanism 3 to obtain a melt, and smelting smoke is generated in the smelting process. The temperature controlled in the smelting process can be 1200-1300 ℃. Under the set smelting temperature, arsenic contained in gold-containing ores and cyanidation tailings can be removed, and the arsenic is oxidized at the upper part of the smelting furnace to generate arsenic trioxide and enters a waste heat boiler along with the discharge of smelting flue gas. The smelting furnace may be a top-blown furnace. The fuel used in the smelting furnace can be coal, natural gas, diesel oil, heavy oil, etc. The fuel can be injected into the smelting furnace by high pressure air. During smelting, oxygen-enriched smelting can be adopted, and the oxygen-enriched concentration is below 90%. When coal is used as fuel, the coal can be pulverized and then injected into the smelting furnace by introducing high-pressure air.
The sedimentation device 5 is used for carrying out heat preservation sedimentation treatment on the melt after receiving the melt. The melt is settled and layered in a settling device 5, slag is obtained on the upper layer, and a metal layer containing gold and silver is obtained on the lower layer. The slag layer on the upper layer can be water quenched to obtain water quenched slag. The settling device 5 may be an electrically heated front bed.
The return conveying mechanism 6 is used for returning the metal layer of which the concentration of the gold element does not reach the preset value to the smelting furnace, and the copper liquid in the returned metal layer continuously captures gold and silver in the smelting furnace. The return conveying mechanism can comprise a copper liquid bag, and the metal layer is lifted to the top of the smelting furnace through the copper liquid bag.
The concentration detection mechanism 7 can be used to detect the concentration of gold element contained in the metal layer in the settling device 5. An operator can compare the concentration value of the gold element detected by the concentration detection mechanism with a preset value, if the detected concentration is not less than the preset value, the return transportation mechanism is not executing the return operation, and the sedimentation device 5 directly discharges the metal layer; if the detected concentration is less than the preset value, the return conveying mechanism continues to add the metal layer in the sedimentation device 4 into the smelting furnace again, and the smelting and heat preservation sedimentation processes are repeated until the detected concentration reaches the preset value.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the system may further include a flue gas treatment mechanism 8. The flue gas treatment mechanism 8 can comprise a waste heat boiler 8a, a bag-type dust collector 8b and an acid making device 8c which are communicated in sequence. The waste heat boiler 8a is used for receiving the smelting flue gas discharged from the smelting furnace 4 and recycling waste heat of the smelting flue gas. The waste heat boiler 8a utilizes the waste heat of the smelting flue gas, and then inputs the smelting flue gas into the bag-type dust collector 8 b. Arsenic volatilized from the smelting furnace is oxidized into arsenic trioxide and enters smoke dust, and is collected below the waste heat boiler 8a and the bag-type dust collector 8 b. And the bag-type dust collector 8b conveys the smelted flue gas to an acid making device 8c for making acid after finishing dust removal.
Further, the system may also include a fueling mechanism. The fuel adding mechanism is communicated with the smelting furnace and is used for supplying fuel to the smelting furnace. The fuel can be coal, natural gas, diesel oil, heavy oil, etc. The fuel can be injected into the smelting furnace by high pressure air. During smelting, oxygen-enriched smelting can be adopted, and the oxygen-enriched concentration is below 90%. When coal is used as fuel, the coal can be pulverized and then injected into the smelting furnace by introducing high-pressure air.
Further, the system may further comprise a vacuum arsenic removal device. The vacuum arsenic removal device is used for receiving the soot discharged by the waste heat boiler 8a and the bag-type dust collector 8b and performing vacuum reduction treatment on the soot to recover arsenic elements in the soot. Carbon can be used as a reducing agent in the vacuum dust collector to reduce arsenic trioxide in the smoke dust to prepare metal arsenic.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the waste heat boiler 8a may also be in communication with the settling device 5. The settled flue gas generated by the settling device 5 can also be conveyed to the waste heat boiler 8a to recycle the flue gas waste heat generated by the settling device 5.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, a waste heat boiler 8a may also be in communication with the roasting furnace 2. The waste heat boiler 8a can receive the roasting flue gas discharged from the roasting furnace 2 and reuse the waste heat of the roasting flue gas.
Further, the return mechanism 6 may include a concentration comparison unit 6a and an execution unit 6 b. The concentration comparison unit 6a may receive the gold element concentration detected by the concentration detection mechanism 7, compare the received gold element concentration with a preset value, generate a comparison result, and send the comparison result to the execution unit 6 b. After receiving the comparison result, the execution unit 6b determines whether to execute the return operation according to the comparison result. If the detected gold element concentration value is not less than the preset value, the concentration comparison unit 6a outputs 'yes', and the execution unit does not execute the return operation after receiving the comparison result; if the detected concentration value of the gold element is less than the preset value, the concentration comparison unit 6a outputs no, the execution unit starts to execute the return operation after receiving the comparison result, and the metal layer is returned to the smelting furnace 4.
Although the present invention has been described above in connection with exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for extracting gold from gold-bearing ores and cooperatively processing cyanided tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
adding water into the gold-containing ore and carrying out size mixing to obtain gold-containing slurry;
roasting the gold-containing slurry to obtain roasted sand;
mixing the calcine, the cyanidation tailings, the calcium-containing material, the iron-containing material and the blister copper ingredients, and then adding the mixture into a smelting furnace for smelting to obtain a melt;
carrying out heat preservation and sedimentation on the melt, and layering to obtain a slag layer and a metal layer;
detecting the concentration of gold element contained in the metal layer, comparing the detected concentration with a preset value of the gold concentration, if the detected concentration is less than the preset value, returning the metal layer to the smelting furnace, repeating the smelting and heat preservation and sedimentation processes until the concentration of the gold element contained in the settled metal layer is not less than the preset value, and recovering the metal layer to obtain gold-containing blister copper;
and separating gold in the crude copper to obtain metal gold.
2. The method for the synergistic treatment of the cyanidation tailings in the gold-containing ore gold extraction according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the total silicon element mass contained in the calcine to the cyanidation tailings, the calcium element mass contained in the calcium-containing material to the iron element contained in the iron-containing material is 3-4: 1.6-2.5: 2.5-3.5.
3. The method for the synergistic treatment of the cyanidation tailings in the gold-bearing ore gold extraction according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the mass ratio of the total silicon element mass contained in the calcine to the cyanidation tailings, the calcium element mass contained in the calcium-containing material to the iron element contained in the iron-containing material is 3-4: 2-2.4: 2.7-3.2.
4. The method for the cooperative treatment of the cyanidation tailings by the concentrate-containing gold extraction, according to the claim 1 or 2, is characterized by further comprising the step of separating silver element in the blister copper to obtain metallic silver.
5. The method for the gold-bearing ore gold extraction co-processing of the cyanide tailings according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the calcium-bearing material is one or more of calcium oxide and calcium carbonate, and the iron-bearing material is one or more of pig iron and pellet ore.
6. The method for the cooperative treatment of the cyanidation tailings by the gold-bearing ore gold extraction according to the claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the roasting temperature is 750 ℃ to 850 ℃, and the smelting temperature is 1200 ℃ to 1300 ℃.
7. A system for the cooperative treatment of cyanidation tailings by gold-bearing ore gold extraction is characterized by comprising a stirring tank, a roasting furnace, a batching mechanism, a smelting furnace, a settling device, a return conveying mechanism and a concentration detection mechanism, wherein,
a stirring tank for stirring the gold-containing ore and water to prepare a gold-containing slurry;
the roasting furnace is used for roasting the gold-containing slurry;
the batching mechanism is used for weighing and batching the calcine obtained after the roasting furnace is roasted, cyanided tailings, calcium-containing materials, iron-containing materials and blister copper;
the smelting furnace is used for smelting the materials weighed and proportioned by the proportioning mechanism;
the sedimentation device is used for carrying out heat preservation sedimentation on the melt obtained after smelting in the smelting furnace;
the return conveying mechanism is used for returning the metal layer which does not reach the preset value concentration after the sedimentation device sedimentates to the smelting furnace;
and the concentration detection mechanism is used for detecting the concentration of the gold element in the metal layer obtained after the sedimentation of the sedimentation device.
8. The system for carrying out gold extraction and co-processing cyanide tailings containing gold ores according to claim 7, further comprising a flue gas treatment mechanism, wherein the flue gas treatment mechanism is used for recycling smelting flue gas generated in the smelting process of the smelting furnace, the flue gas treatment mechanism comprises a waste heat boiler, a bag-type dust remover and an acid making device, wherein the waste heat boiler receives the smelting flue gas discharged by the smelting furnace, recovers waste heat, utilizes the waste heat, removes dust through the bag-type dust remover, removes dust and then enters the acid making device to make acid.
9. The system for co-processing cyanide tailings containing gold ore and gold extraction according to claim 8, wherein the waste heat boiler is further configured to receive roasting flue gas discharged from the roasting furnace and settling flue gas discharged from the settling device.
10. The system for the cooperative processing of cyanide tailings containing gold ore extraction according to claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein the return mechanism comprises a concentration comparison unit and an execution unit, wherein,
the concentration comparison unit is used for receiving the gold element concentration value detected by the concentration detection mechanism and comparing the gold element concentration value with a preset gold element concentration value;
the execution unit is used for receiving the comparison result generated by the concentration comparison unit and executing the return operation of the metal layer according to the comparison result.
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Application publication date: 20210723 |