CN113267839B - Liquid Fresnel lens and ripple modulation method thereof - Google Patents
Liquid Fresnel lens and ripple modulation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113267839B CN113267839B CN202110691227.5A CN202110691227A CN113267839B CN 113267839 B CN113267839 B CN 113267839B CN 202110691227 A CN202110691227 A CN 202110691227A CN 113267839 B CN113267839 B CN 113267839B
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003079 width control Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005428 wave function Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
- G02B3/08—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/004—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/12—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses
- G02B3/14—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses of variable focal length
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及光学透镜技术领域，尤其涉及一种液态菲涅尔透镜及其波纹调制方法，包括透明底面、光学液体和振荡发生器，所述透明底面上表面具有光学液体，所述振荡发生器呈环形结构设置于所述透明底面的上表面外缘；所述振荡发生器通过与之连接的波纹调制系统将所述光学液体调制为环状曲面；所述波纹调制系统包括上位机、下位机和模拟调制电路，所述上位机用于将菲涅尔透镜曲面经傅里叶变换分解为一组简谐波并将简谐波的相位、频率和振幅参数以数字形式发往所述下位机。本发明通过对振荡波形的调制，改变液体波面的光线折射路径，达到光学液体透镜“自由调焦”的效果，实现了一种低成本、大光学口径、可电控调焦的光学透镜。
The present invention relates to the field of optical lens technology, and in particular to a liquid Fresnel lens and a ripple modulation method thereof, comprising a transparent bottom surface, an optical liquid and an oscillation generator, wherein the upper surface of the transparent bottom surface has an optical liquid, and the oscillation generator is arranged in a ring structure at the outer edge of the upper surface of the transparent bottom surface; the oscillation generator modulates the optical liquid into an annular surface through a ripple modulation system connected thereto; the ripple modulation system comprises an upper computer, a lower computer and an analog modulation circuit, and the upper computer is used to decompose the Fresnel lens surface into a group of simple harmonic waves through Fourier transformation and send the phase, frequency and amplitude parameters of the simple harmonic waves to the lower computer in digital form. The present invention achieves the effect of "free focusing" of the optical liquid lens by modulating the oscillation waveform to change the light refraction path of the liquid wave surface, thereby realizing an optical lens with low cost, large optical aperture and electrically controllable focusing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical lenses, in particular to a liquid Fresnel lens and a ripple modulation method thereof.
Background
The Fresnel lens is also called a thread lens, one side of the surface of the lens is a smooth surface, and concentric circles from small to large are inscribed on the other side of the surface of the lens. The design concept is to reduce the use of optical materials as much as possible on the premise of keeping the curvature of the lens surface, assuming that the refraction of one lens only occurs on the optical surface. The curved surface of a typical fresnel lens can be considered to be divided from a continuous curved surface, leaving the curvature of the different segments continuous but the curved surface discontinuous. Compared with the traditional lens, the Fresnel lens can be made thin, and is suitable for meeting the requirements of a large-aperture lens and a high-curvature lens.
The traditional optical lens changes the propagation direction of light by means of an optical curved surface generated in material processing, and changes the focus of an original light beam. Once the lens is processed and shaped, the optical curved surface and the focus cannot be changed, and the focus cannot be modulated in a running mode. The liquid lens is a technology capable of solving the problem of modulation during the operation of the optical lens, the existing liquid lens mainly realizes optical focal modulation (such as CN111812801A and CN 111812801A) by changing the curvature of liquid drops clamped in upper and lower coating films, and the optical aperture is difficult to increase under the influence of the surface tension and gravity of the liquid.
Based on the above reasons, the invention provides a liquid Fresnel lens and a ripple modulation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a liquid Fresnel lens and a ripple modulation method thereof, and realizes an optical lens with low cost, large optical caliber and electric control focusing.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The invention discloses a liquid Fresnel lens which comprises a transparent bottom surface, optical liquid and an oscillation generator, wherein the optical liquid is arranged on the upper surface of the transparent bottom surface, and the oscillation generator is arranged on the outer edge of the upper surface of the transparent bottom surface in an annular structure;
The ripple modulation system comprises an upper computer, a lower computer and an analog modulation circuit, wherein the upper computer is used for decomposing a Fresnel lens curved surface into a group of simple harmonic waves through Fourier transformation and sending the phase, frequency and amplitude parameters of the simple harmonic waves to the lower computer in a digital form, the lower computer is an MCU, the MCU comprises an excitation clock control, a digital pulse width control and a voltage amplification control, the excitation clock control is used for phase modulation, the digital pulse width control sends a digital pulse width modulation signal to carry out frequency modulation through a pin of the MCU, the voltage amplification control carries out amplitude modulation through an amplitude modulation circuit, and the MCU inputs the synthesized wave beam signal to the oscillation generator.
The amplitude modulation circuit comprises a DA converter, a first fixed resistor, a triode, an adjustable resistor and a second fixed resistor which are sequentially connected, wherein the DA converter is connected with the digital pulse width control, and the second fixed resistor is connected with the oscillation generator.
A liquid Fresnel lens ripple modulation method comprises the following steps,
S1, decomposing a set two-dimensional Fresnel lens function curved surface into a group of simple harmonic functions through Fourier transformation in an upper computer;
step S2, parameters such as frequency, amplitude, phase and the like are sent to a lower computer;
Step S3, respectively corresponding to phase modulation, frequency modulation and amplitude modulation of the excitation wave through excitation clock control, PWM and voltage amplification control;
And S4, outputting each decomposed wave function by a single lower computer channel, adding and outputting the output to an oscillation generator after digital-to-analog conversion and amplification, and reconstructing the liquid Fresnel lens by using the oscillation generator to work and excite the corrugation generated on the surface of the optical liquid.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The liquid Fresnel lens has the advantages of thinner thickness and suitability for manufacturing large-caliber lenses, and real-time adjustable properties are further increased compared with the traditional Fresnel lens;
(2) The invention changes the light refraction path of the liquid wave surface by modulating the oscillation waveform, thereby achieving the effect of free focusing of the optical liquid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a liquid Fresnel lens according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional Fresnel lens surface of the present invention with Fourier transform decomposed into a plurality of simplified harmonics;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a ripple modulation method according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the modulation of analog signals of each channel according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an amplitude modulation circuit according to the present invention.
In the figure, a transparent bottom surface 1, optical liquid 2, an oscillation generator 3, a4 ripple modulation system, a 5 upper computer, 6MCU,61 excitation clock control, 62 digital pulse width control, 63 voltage amplification control, 7 amplitude modulation circuits, 71DA converters, 72 first fixed resistors, 73 triodes, 74 adjustable resistors and 75 second fixed resistors.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below:
referring to figures 1-5 of the drawings,
The invention discloses a liquid Fresnel lens, which comprises a transparent bottom surface 1, optical liquid 2 and an oscillation generator 3, wherein the optical liquid 2 is arranged on the upper surface of the transparent bottom surface 1, and the oscillation generator 3 is arranged on the outer edge of the upper surface of the transparent bottom surface 2 in a ring-shaped structure; the oscillation generator 3 modulates the optical liquid 2 into a ring-shaped curved surface through a ripple modulation system 4 connected with the oscillation generator 3, the ripple modulation system 4 comprises an upper computer 5, a lower computer and an analog modulation circuit, the upper computer 5 is used for decomposing the curved surface of the Fresnel lens into a group of simple harmonic waves through Fourier transformation and sending the phase, frequency and amplitude parameters of the simple harmonic waves to the lower computer in a digital form, the lower computer is an MCU6, the MCU comprises an excitation clock control 61 used for phase modulation, a digital pulse width control 62 and a voltage amplification control 63, the digital pulse width control 62 sends a digital pulse width modulation signal through a pin of the MCU6 to carry out frequency modulation, the voltage amplification control 63 carries out amplitude modulation through an amplitude modulation circuit 7, the MCU6 inputs the synthesized wave beam signal into the oscillation generator 3, the lens mainly comprises a transparent bottom surface 1, the shallow optical liquid 2 and the oscillation generator 3, the shallow optical liquid 2 in the device is excited by the oscillation generator 3 to generate water surface waves, the liquid surface synthesis is similar to the ring-shaped wave surface through modulating specific oscillation frequency and amplitude, the micro-chip optical wave focusing effect is achieved through the micro-lens 6, the micro-aperture optical wave effect is realized, the micro-lens is controlled by the micro-chip optical path, the micro-controller has the effect of the micro-controller, the micro-controller has the effect of the optical wave effect of the optical lens is realized, the micro-chip optical path is free-controller, the micro-controller is realized, the frequency and specification of CPU are properly reduced, and the peripheral interfaces of memory, counter, USB, A/D conversion, UART, PLC, DMA, etc. and even LCD driving circuit are integrated on a single chip to form a chip-level computer for different application occasions to make different combination control, and the digital pulse width control 62 is PWM.
The amplitude modulation circuit 7 comprises a DA converter 71, a first fixed resistor 72, a triode 73, an adjustable resistor 74 and a second fixed resistor 75 which are sequentially connected, the DA converter 71 is connected with the digital pulse width control 62, the second fixed resistor 75 is connected with the oscillation generator 3, required function ripple signals are subjected to Fourier transformation through the MCU5 and enter the amplitude modulation circuit 7 after passing through the PWM6, the amplitude modulation circuit 7 comprises the DA converter 71 and is used for converting digital signals into analog signals, and the first fixed resistor 72, the second fixed resistor 75, the triode 73 and the adjustable resistor 74 are finally summarized and input to the oscillation generator 3.
The invention discloses a liquid Fresnel lens ripple modulation method, which comprises the following steps,
S1, decomposing a set two-dimensional Fresnel lens function curved surface into a group of simple harmonic functions through Fourier transformation in an upper computer 5;
step S2, parameters such as frequency, amplitude, phase and the like are sent to a lower computer;
step S3, corresponding to the phase modulation, frequency modulation and amplitude modulation of the excitation wave through the excitation clock control 61, the digital pulse width control 62 and the voltage amplification control 63 respectively;
And S4, outputting each decomposed wave function by a single lower computer channel, adding and outputting the output to an oscillation generator after digital-to-analog conversion and amplification, and reconstructing the liquid Fresnel lens by using the oscillation generator to work and excite the corrugation generated on the surface of the optical liquid.
In the modulation process, as shown in fig. 3, the designed two-dimensional Fresnel lens curved surface is decomposed into a group of simple harmonic functions (as shown in fig. 2) through Fourier transformation, and parameters such as frequency, amplitude, phase and the like are sent to a lower computer. The clock control, the digital Pulse Width (PWM) control and the voltage amplification control correspond to the phase modulation, the frequency modulation and the amplitude modulation of the excitation wave, respectively. Each of the decomposed wave functions is output from a separate lower computer channel, digital-to-analog converted and amplified, and then summed and output to the oscillation generator 3 (as shown in fig. 4). The oscillation generator 3 operates to excite the corrugations generated by the surface of the optical liquid to reconstruct a liquid fresnel lens.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes or direct or indirect application in the relevant art utilizing the present specification and drawings are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A liquid Fresnel lens ripple modulation method comprises a liquid Fresnel lens, wherein the liquid Fresnel lens comprises a transparent bottom surface (1), optical liquid (2) and an oscillation generator (3), the optical liquid (2) is arranged on the upper surface of the transparent bottom surface (1), the oscillation generator (3) is arranged on the outer edge of the upper surface of the transparent bottom surface in a ring-shaped structure, the oscillation generator (3) modulates the optical liquid (2) into a ring-shaped curved surface through a ripple modulation system (4) connected with the oscillation generator, the ripple modulation system (4) comprises an upper computer (5), a lower computer and an analog modulation circuit, the upper computer (5) is used for decomposing the Fresnel lens curved surface into a group of simple harmonics through Fourier transformation and transmitting the phase, frequency and amplitude parameters of the simple harmonics to the lower computer in a digital mode, the lower computer is an MCU (6), the MCU comprises an excitation clock control (61) for phase modulation, a digital pulse width control (62) and a voltage amplification control (63), the digital pulse width control (62) is used for transmitting a pulse width modulation signal through an MCU (6) pin to a digital pulse width modulation (7), and the amplitude modulation signal (7) is sequentially synthesized through the MCU (7) and the amplitude modulation circuit (7) is connected with the MCU (7), and the amplitude modulation circuit (7) is sequentially modulated by the amplitude modulation signal (7) is converted through the amplitude modulation circuit (7) and the amplitude modulation signal (7) is converted into amplitude modulation signal, the digital pulse width control circuit is characterized by comprising a first fixed resistor (72), a triode (73), an adjustable resistor (74) and a second fixed resistor (75), wherein the DA converter (71) is connected with the digital pulse width control circuit (62), the second fixed resistor (75) is connected with the oscillation generator (3),
S1, decomposing a set two-dimensional Fresnel lens function curved surface into a group of simple harmonic functions through Fourier transformation in an upper computer;
step S2, parameters such as frequency, amplitude, phase and the like are sent to a lower computer;
Step S3, respectively corresponding to phase modulation, frequency modulation and amplitude modulation of the excitation wave through excitation clock control, digital pulse width control and voltage amplification control;
And S4, outputting each decomposed wave function by a single lower computer channel, adding and outputting the output to an oscillation generator after digital-to-analog conversion and amplification, and reconstructing the liquid Fresnel lens by using the oscillation generator to work and excite the corrugation generated on the surface of the optical liquid.
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