CN113303892B

CN113303892B - Fixing screw, locking device and locking system

Info

Publication number: CN113303892B
Application number: CN202110531635.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李广田; 吕坤勇
Original assignee: Shanghai Xietopo Medical Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Xietopo Medical Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-14
Filing date: 2021-05-14
Publication date: 2025-04-08
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-14
Also published as: CN113303892A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a locking system suitable for an orthopedic locking device, the locking system comprising a fixing member, a rotating member and an actuating assembly; when in use, the actuating assembly can cause the rotating member to rotate relative to the fixing member, thereby driving the outer sleeve of the locking device to rotate relative to the inner sleeve of the locking device. With the locking system, the locking device can realize the locking and unlocking operations of the connecting rod and the fixing screw, thereby improving the convenience of operation.

Description

Fixing screw, locking device and locking system

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a medical device for stabilizing and fixing bones and joints, in particular to a spinal locking system, in particular to a pedicle screw system.

Background

The spine is a skeletal system of a human body, and plays a role in supporting the human body and protecting spinal cords and nerves. The spine is a flexible, mobile, supportive structure consisting of vertebrae and intervertebral discs located therebetween. The lesions and injuries of the spine can cause great damage to the human body, such as common vertebral body fracture, lateral curvature, kyphosis, excessive forward curvature, slippage, protrusion of intervertebral disc, degenerative changes, tumors, and the like. At present, the adjacent stage or multi-stage vertebral fusion operation is most widely applied clinically through pedicle screws, and the traditional pedicle screws on the market are all pressed into a connecting rod through an upper U-shaped opening, the connecting rod is extruded by screwing in a fixing bolt, the connecting rod is extruded by the connecting rod to fix the connecting rod with the pedicle screws, and then the pedicle screws on the adjacent vertebral bodies are connected through the connecting rod.

However, the existing products have the defects of overlong operation time of the fixed connecting rod, complex loading of the fixed bolt and inconvenient operation, and excessive torque can also cause the risk that the fixed bolt bursts out to fail and the torque can be transmitted to the vertebral body to cause loosening of the screw. In addition, the problems of complicated resetting and interval adjusting processes, overhigh notch on the connecting rod and the like exist.

Accordingly, in view of the foregoing, it would be desirable to provide a product that provides a better surgical experience that reduces or eliminates the drawbacks of the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.

In a first aspect, the invention provides an orthopedic locking device comprising a fixing screw, a connecting assembly and a connecting rod, wherein the connecting assembly can fix the connecting rod to the fixing screw, the connecting assembly comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the inner sleeve comprises a first connecting end and a second connecting end, a rod accommodating groove of the first connecting end is used for accommodating the connecting rod, a groove of the second connecting end is used for accommodating at least part of the head of the fixing screw, the outer sleeve is provided with an accommodating groove, the rod portion of the fixing screw can penetrate through the accommodating groove and at least part of the head of the fixing screw is kept in the groove, at least part of the second connecting end is arranged in the accommodating groove, and the connecting assembly further comprises a biasing piece, when the outer sleeve rotates relative to the inner sleeve towards a locking direction, the biasing piece can enable the side walls of the rod accommodating groove and the groove to be biased inwards, and the fixing screw are respectively pressed by the connecting rod and the fixing head of the fixing screw, so that the fixing screw and the fixing screw can be independently clamped.

By adopting the technical scheme, under the condition of one-time operation, the independent clamping and fixing of the connecting rod and the locking screw can be realized, the operation convenience is improved, the interaction force between the connecting rod and the locking screw can be avoided, and the locking reliability is improved.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the biasing member includes a first biasing member disposed on the inner sleeve and a second biasing member disposed on the outer sleeve.

According to another embodiment of the invention, one of the first and second biasing members comprises a guide portion and the other comprises a protruding member corresponding to the guide portion, and when the outer sleeve is rotated in a locking direction relative to the inner sleeve, the interaction of the guide portion and the protruding member is capable of biasing the side walls of the rod placement groove and the groove inwardly to press the heads of the connecting rod and the set screw, respectively.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first biasing member includes the guide portion including a first guide portion provided on the first connection end and a second guide portion provided on the second connection end, the upper rail edge of the first guide portion and the lower rail edge of the second guide portion being in a downward and upward trend along the locking direction, respectively, or the first biasing member includes the protruding member including a first protruding member provided on the first connection end and a second protruding member provided on the second connection end, the lower rail edge of the guide portion provided on the outer cover and interacting with the first protruding member and the upper rail edge of the guide portion interacting with the second protruding member being in a downward and upward trend along the locking direction, respectively.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the first guide portion further comprises a lower rail edge, the second guide portion further comprises an upper rail edge, and the lower rail edge of the first guide portion and the upper rail edge of the second guide portion support the protruding member, respectively.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the first guide or the first projection is arranged closer to the free end of the rod placement groove than to the bottom of the rod placement groove.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first biasing members are radially symmetrically disposed on the side wall of the inner sleeve.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the biasing member further comprises an eccentric structure to achieve a clamping fixation of the connecting rod and/or the fixing screw.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the eccentric structure comprises a first protrusion arranged on the outer side of the inner sleeve and a second protrusion which is matched with the first protrusion and is arranged on the inner side of the outer sleeve, wherein the first protrusion is provided with a first surface with gradually rising height along the locking direction or the second protrusion is provided with a first surface with gradually falling height along the locking direction, and when the outer sleeve rotates relative to the inner sleeve to the locking direction, the first protrusion or the second protrusion passes over the first surface so that the side wall of the bar placing groove and/or the side wall of the groove is biased inwards to respectively press the head of the connecting bar and/or the fixing screw.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the first projection has a second surface of decreasing height intersecting the first surface in the locking direction or the second projection has a second surface of increasing height intersecting the first surface in the locking direction, the second surface being provided with a step.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, when the first and second protrusions are located at the initial positions, the outer sleeve is provided with recesses at positions opposite to the first protrusions and the inner sleeve is provided with recesses at positions opposite to the second protrusions, respectively, to accommodate the first protrusions and the second protrusions, respectively.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the inner sleeve is further provided with a supporting portion connecting the first connection end and the second connection end, and elastic portions are respectively provided at the connection portions of the first connection end and the second connection end with the supporting portion.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a T-shaped opening is provided between the support portion and the bottom of the rod placement groove, so as to form the elastic portion between the first connection end and the support portion.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the longitudinal side wall of the first guide portion and/or the second guide portion comprises at least a portion of the resilient portion.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the inner sleeve is further provided with a supporting part for connecting the first connecting end and the second connecting end, a first guide piece is arranged on the supporting part, a second guide piece matched with the first guide piece is arranged on the inner side surface of the accommodating groove of the outer sleeve, and when the locking device is used, the first guide piece is matched with the second guide piece, so that the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve can relatively rotate and can be prevented from being separated from each other.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, one of the first guide and the second guide includes a third protrusion, the other includes a longitudinal groove and a lateral groove, and the third protrusion enters the lateral groove under the guidance of the longitudinal groove and is movable within the lateral groove.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the first connection end further comprises a first limiter and the outer sleeve further comprises a first engagement member, the first limiter and the first engagement member being engageable with a locking system to rotate the outer sleeve and secure the inner sleeve upon actuation of the locking system to lock or unlock the connection rod and the set screw.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the first engagement member comprises a groove or recess, in which a recess or protrusion is provided.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are capable of achieving independent clamping and fixing of the connecting rod and the fixing screw without relative displacement of the connecting assembly in the axial direction.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the head of the set screw comprises a swing limiter which is able to cooperate with the recess of the receiving slot or of the second connecting end to rotate the set screw 360 ° in the recess about its axis.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the fixing screw comprises an annular groove with the axis as the shaft, the annular groove can be matched with a protruding piece which is arranged on the accommodating groove or the second connecting end in a radial symmetry mode, and the protruding piece is used as a rotation supporting point, so that the rod part of the fixing screw swings and locks in a single plane.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the single plane is the plane in which the connecting rod and the shank of the set screw lie.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a locking system adapted for use with the locking device to actuate the coupling assembly to rotate the outer sleeve relative to the inner sleeve in a locking direction to effect independent clamping of the connecting rod and the set screw.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides a locking system adapted for use with the locking device to actuate the connection assembly to rotate the outer sleeve relative to the inner sleeve in an unlocking direction to unlock the connection rod and the set screw.

In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a set screw that can be used with the locking device, the head of which includes a swing limiter.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the swing limiting member comprises a cylindrical structure connected to the shank of the set screw.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the columnar structure is circular or square in cross section.

In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a set screw that can be used with the locking device, the set screw comprising an annular groove with its axis as the axis.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the annular recess is provided at the head of the set screw or at the junction of the head and the shank.

In a sixth aspect, the present invention provides a locking system for an orthopaedic locking device comprising an inner sleeve comprising a first restriction and an outer sleeve comprising a first engagement member, the locking system comprising a fixed member comprising a second restriction engageable with the first restriction, a rotating member comprising a second engagement member engageable with the first engagement member, and an actuating assembly operable to rotate the rotating member relative to the fixed member to rotate the outer sleeve relative to the inner sleeve.

By adopting the locking system, the locking device can realize the locking or unlocking operation of the connecting rod and the fixing screw, and the convenience of operation is improved.

According to another embodiment of the invention, at least a portion of the rotating member is sleeved outside the stationary member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the locking system further comprises a telescopic member movable between an initial position and a working position to expose or cover the second engagement member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, at least a portion of the telescoping member is sleeved outside the rotating member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the locking system is provided with a rotation stop to limit the relative rotation of the telescopic member and the rotating member.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the rotation stopper includes a flange provided on one of an inner wall of the telescopic member and an outer wall of the rotary member, and a longitudinal groove provided on the other of the inner wall of the telescopic member and the outer wall of the rotary member, the flange being movable up and down within the longitudinal groove.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the actuating assembly includes an actuating member and a pushing member, the pushing member is connected to the rotating member, and the actuating member can push the pushing member to move toward the second engaging member, so that the rotating member rotates relative to the fixing member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, one end of the pushing element is provided with a cross bar, which acts on a first rail of the rotating element, which first rail can convert an axial movement of the cross bar into a rotational movement of the rotating element.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the securing member is provided with a longitudinal channel at an end remote from the second limiting member, the cross bar being movable up and down in the longitudinal channel.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the actuating member includes a handle rotatably connected to the supporting member, a connecting rod having one end rotatably connected to the handle and the other end connected to the other end of the pushing member, and a supporting member, wherein rotation of the handle causes the connecting rod to push the pushing member toward the second engaging member to rotate the rotating member relative to the fixing member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the fixing element is fixedly connected to the support element.

According to another embodiment of the invention, at least a portion of the support member is sleeved outside the pushing member, and the handle may protrude through a side wall of the support member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the cross bar interacts with a second track provided on a telescopic member of the locking system, the cross bar being able to move the telescopic member from an initial position to an operating position to cover the second engagement member during movement of the pushing member towards the second engagement member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the cross bar passes through the first rail to interact with the second rail, the first rail and the second rail have the same inclined extending trend, and the longitudinal distance that the cross bar moves along the longitudinal track line of the first rail is the distance that the telescopic piece moves from the initial position to the working position.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the upper trajectory of the second rail coincides with the upper trajectory of the first rail when the telescopic element is in the initial position, and the lower trajectory of the second rail coincides with the lower trajectory of the first rail when the telescopic element is in the working position.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the lower track line of the first track is able to convert an axial movement of the crossbar into a rotational movement of the rotating member relative to the fixed member when the telescopic member is in the working position.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the locking system further comprises a first elastic element which allows the telescopic element to return from the operating position to the initial position.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the locking system further comprises a mounting portion on which one end of the first elastic member is mounted and the other end is mounted on the pusher member of the actuating assembly.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the mounting portion is provided on the fixed member, and the first elastic member is compressed when the telescopic member is moved from the initial position to the working position.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the locking system further comprises a telescopic limiter to limit movement of the telescopic member of the locking system from an initial position in a direction away from the second engagement member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the expansion limiting piece comprises a protrusion arranged on one of the inner wall of the supporting piece and the outer wall of the expansion piece and an annular groove with rectangular inner and outer contours arranged on the other, wherein the longitudinal moving distance of the protrusion in the annular groove is the distance of the expansion piece moving from an initial position to a working position, and the transverse moving distance of the protrusion in the annular groove is the rotatable stroke of the rotating piece relative to the fixed piece.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the locking system further comprises a second elastic member, one end of which is mounted on the support member, the other end of which acts on and is compressed by the telescopic member of the locking system when the latter is in the operating position.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the locking system includes an axial stop to prevent axial movement of the rotating member relative to the stationary member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the actuating assembly includes a first handle attached to the stationary member, the first handle being extendable through a side wall of the rotatable member.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a first side opening is formed in a side wall of the rotating member, the first handle is disposed through the first side opening, and a rotatable stroke of the first handle at the first side opening is not smaller than a rotatable stroke of the rotating member relative to the fixed member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the longitudinal dimension of the first side aperture is the same as the longitudinal dimension of a corresponding portion of the first handle within the first side aperture to limit the axial relative movement of the securing member and the rotating member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the telescopic member of the locking system is provided with a second side opening through which the first handle passes, the rotational travel of the first handle in the first side opening and the second side opening being the rotatable travel of the rotary member relative to the stationary member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the actuation assembly further comprises a second handle connected to the rotating member, the second handle passing through the third side aperture of the telescoping member, at least one of the first and second handles abutting against a lower edge of the side aperture of the telescoping member corresponding thereto in the initial position of the telescoping member, and at least one of the first and second handles abutting against an upper edge of the side aperture of the telescoping member corresponding thereto in the operational position of the telescoping member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the third side aperture has a transverse opening dimension that is the same as a transverse dimension of a corresponding portion of the second handle within the third side aperture to limit circumferential rotational movement of the telescoping member relative to the rotating member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the locking system further comprises a rotating member, the telescopic member being provided with a conversion mechanism at an end remote from the second engagement member, the conversion mechanism being capable of converting a rotational movement of the rotating member into an axial movement of the telescopic member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the rotating member is rotatably fixed to the rotating member.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a connecting rod in locking connection with a set screw via a connecting assembly

FIG. 2 is a top view of the set screw in locking engagement with the connection assembly

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a multi-planar set screw

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a jacket of a connection assembly for connecting a multi-planar/360 set screw

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an inner sleeve of a connection assembly for connecting a set screw

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a connecting rod in locking connection with a single plane set screw through a connecting assembly

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a single plane set screw

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a 360 set screw in locking engagement with a connection assembly

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a 360 set screw

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an inner sleeve of a second embodiment of a connection assembly for connecting set screws

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an inner sleeve of a second embodiment of a coupling assembly

FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of a jacket of a second embodiment of a connection assembly

FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a connecting rod in locking engagement with a set screw through a second embodiment of the connecting assembly

FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing the positional relationship between the first biasing member and the second biasing member during locking

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the locking tool in an operative position

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the locking tool in the operative position

FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing a state in the process of locking the tool attachment screw

FIG. 19 is a partial schematic view of a locking tool attachment screw

FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the distal end of the locking tool during attachment of a screw

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the position of the fastener, rotor, telescoping member and actuating assembly of the locking tool during locking of the set screw

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the position of the inner and outer sleeves of the coupling assembly during locking

FIG. 23 is a partial schematic view of the relative positions of the wedge-shaped protrusions of the inner and outer sleeves of the coupling assembly after locking

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the positions of the securing member, rotating member, telescoping member and actuating assembly of the locking tool during the process of unlocking the tool from the coupling assembly

FIG. 25 is a schematic view of the initial position of the second embodiment of the locking tool

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of the initial position of the second embodiment of the locking tool

FIG. 27 is a schematic view showing the positional relationship of the fixed member, the rotary member and the telescopic member in the initial position of the second embodiment of the locking tool

FIG. 28 is a schematic view showing the positional relationship of the fixed member, the rotary member and the telescopic member in the working position of the second embodiment of the locking tool

FIG. 29 is a schematic view showing the positional relationship of the fixed member, the rotary member, and the telescopic member in the locked position of the second embodiment of the locking tool

FIG. 30 is a schematic view of the position of the second embodiment of the locking tool during disconnection from the connection assembly

FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship of the fixed member, the rotary member, and the telescopic member in the initial position of the second embodiment of the unlocking means

FIG. 32 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship of a fixed member, a rotary member, and a telescopic member in the initial position of the second embodiment of the unlocking tool

FIG. 33 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship of the fixed member, the rotary member, and the telescopic member in the unlocking position of the second embodiment of the unlocking tool

Detailed Description

Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification, by describing the embodiments of the present invention with specific examples. While the description of the invention will be described in connection with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the inventive features to the implementation. Rather, the purpose of the invention described in connection with the embodiments is to cover other alternatives or modifications, which may be extended by the claims based on the invention. The following description contains many specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be practiced without these specific details. Furthermore, some specific details are omitted from the description in order to avoid obscuring the invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

It should be noted that in this specification, like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.

In the description of the present embodiment, it should be noted that, the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "inner", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the azimuth or positional relationship that the inventive product is conventionally put in use, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The use of "including" and/or "having" in the specification means that a component, step, operation, and/or element does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other components, steps, operations, and/or elements.

The terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present embodiment, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, directly connected, indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or communicating between two members. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present embodiment can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a locking device comprising a set screw 1, a connection assembly and a connection rod 9, said connection assembly being capable of fixing the connection rod 9 to the set screw 1. The connecting assembly comprises an outer sleeve 4 and an inner sleeve 6, wherein the outer sleeve 4 is provided with a containing groove, and at least one part of the inner sleeve 6 is arranged in the containing groove. The inner sleeve 6 includes a first connection end 28 having a rod-receiving slot 38 and a second connection end 29 having a groove 40, as shown in fig. 6. The rod receiving slot 38 is configured to receive the connecting rod 9, and preferably, the rod receiving slot 38 is a ℧ -type slot, but is not limited thereto, so long as the rod receiving slot 38 is sized and configured to allow the connecting rod 9 to be laterally positioned at the first connecting end 28 of the inner sleeve 6. The rod placement groove 38 is provided with at least one abutment surface 74, said abutment surface 74 abutting against a connecting rod 9 placed in the rod placement groove 38 when the connecting rod 9 is locked in the rod placement groove 38, such that the first connecting end 28 is locked against the connecting rod 9. The recess 40 is adapted to receive the head 30 of the set screw 1, preferably having a surface configuration complementary to the generally spherical shape of the head of the set screw 1, to facilitate the rotational attachment of the head 30 of the set screw 1 within the recess 40. The accommodating groove is provided with a through hole 75 through which the rod portion 33 of the fixing screw 1 can pass, as shown in fig. 5, when the fixing screw 1 is assembled with the connecting assembly, the rod portion 33 passes through the through hole 75, and the head portion 30 of the fixing screw 1 is pressed against the inner sleeve 6 by the outer sleeve 4, so that the head portion and the second connecting end 29 are relatively locked and fixed. Preferably, the size of the mouth of the lower portion of the recess 40 can limit the head 30 of the set screw 1 from escaping the recess 40, alternatively, the structure for limiting the head 30 of the set screw 1 from escaping the recess 40 can be formed by the receiving groove of the outer sleeve 4 and the lower mouth of the recess 40 together. The head 30 of the set screw 1 is provided with a driving structure 34 capable of engaging a screwdriver, as shown in fig. 2, 3, 9, the driving structure 34 may be a recess, the set screw 1 may be fixed to or detached from bone tissue by rotating an operating tool (e.g., a screwdriver) engaged with the recess, preferably the recess is a hexagonal recess, a pentagonal recess, or the like, alternatively the driving structure may be a boss capable of engaging with a recess of the operating tool, the set screw 1 may be fixed to or detached from bone tissue by rotating the operating tool, preferably the boss is a hexagonal boss or a pentagonal boss or the like, but the form of the driving structure for fixing the set screw 1 to bone tissue is not limited thereto, as long as the set screw 1 can be fixed to or detached from bone tissue by engaging the operating tool without departing from the concept of the present invention. Optionally, the bone tissue is a vertebral body.

Further, the connecting assembly is provided with a biasing member, and under the action of the biasing member, the outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 6 can be independently clamped and fixed by the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1 through relative rotation. By means of the mode, independent clamping and fixing of the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1 can be achieved under the condition that one-time operation is carried out, operation convenience is improved, interaction force between the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1 can be avoided, and locking reliability is improved. Preferably, the outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 6 are capable of achieving independent clamping fixation of the connecting rod 9 and the set screw 1 without substantial relative displacement in the axial direction of the connecting assembly.

Specifically, the biasing member includes a first biasing member disposed on the inner sleeve 6 and a second biasing member disposed on the outer sleeve 4, preferably, the first biasing member includes a guiding portion, the guiding portion includes a first guiding portion 26 disposed on the first connecting end 28 and a second guiding portion 27 disposed on the second connecting end 29, and the track upper edge of the first guiding portion 26 and the track lower edge of the second guiding portion 27 respectively have a descending and ascending trend along the rotation locking direction of the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6, see fig. 6, 15a and 15b. Correspondingly, the second biasing member includes a protruding member 7 disposed on the outer sleeve 4, as shown in fig. 15a and 15b, during the rotation locking process of the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6, the protruding member 7 moves along the upper track edge of the first guiding portion 26 and the lower track edge of the second guiding portion 27, so as to urge the side walls of the rod placement groove 38 and the groove 40 to bias inwards, and respectively press the connecting rod 9 and the head 30 of the fixing screw 1, so as to achieve the relative independent fixation of the two. Preferably, the lateral dimensions of the tracks of the first and second guide portions 26, 27 define the rotation angle of the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6, and still more preferably, the first guide portion 26 and the second guide portion 27 have tracks with progressively smaller openings in the rotational locking direction of the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6. The protruding member 7 moves from the larger opening track portion to the smaller opening track portion in the tracks of the first and second guide portions 26 and 27 to expand the track opening, so that the side walls of the rod placement groove 38 and the groove 40 are biased inwards, and the heads of the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1 are respectively pressed to realize the relative independent fixation of the two. The radial dimension of the protruding member 7 is preferably adapted to the opening dimension of the larger opening track portion, but smaller than the opening dimension of the smaller opening track portion, so that the lower track edge of the first guiding portion 26 and the upper track edge of the second guiding portion 27 can support the protruding member 7 when the outer sleeve 4 is rotated in the locking direction relative to the inner sleeve 6, preventing the protruding member 7 from being deflected by the upper track edge of the first guiding portion 26 and the lower track edge of the second guiding portion 27. Preferably, the lower track edge of the first guide portion 26 and the upper track edge of the second guide portion 27 are perpendicular to the axial direction of the connection assembly. Alternatively, the receiving groove of the outer sleeve 4 has a U-shaped opening allowing the connection rod to pass through laterally, and the rotation angle of the outer sleeve 4 with respect to the inner sleeve 6 may be limited by the opening size of the U-shaped opening of the receiving groove. More preferably, the first and second guide portions 26, 27 are radially symmetrically disposed on the side wall of the inner sleeve 6, respectively.

The protruding member 7 may be formed integrally with the outer sleeve 4 or may be provided as a separate component. When the protruding member 7 is a separate part, an opening 35 is provided in the outer sleeve 4, and the protruding member 7 is fixed in the form of a pin in the opening 35 and protrudes through the opening 35 into the receiving groove, as shown in fig. 5 and 13. However, the protruding member is not limited thereto, and may be a step formed on the inner surface of the outer jacket 4, so long as it can interact with the guide portion to urge the side walls of the rod placement groove 38 and the groove 40 to be biased inward, respectively press the heads of the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1, so as to achieve the relatively independent fixation of the two.

The inner sleeve 6 is further provided with a support portion 71 connecting the first and second connection ends 28, 29, and in order to reduce the inward biasing force of the side walls of the rod placement groove 38, the groove 40, it is preferable that the connection portions of the first and second connection ends 28, 29 and the support portion 71 are provided with elastic portions 72, 73, respectively, the elastic portions 72, 73 having a reduced thickness, as formed by providing the groove 55 (as shown in fig. 11, 12), and/or a T-shaped opening 78 (as shown in fig. 6, 11, 12) is provided between the support portion 71 and the bottom of the rod placement groove 38. The T-shaped opening 78 provides the elastic parts 72, 73 with a reduced thickness to increase the degree of elasticity, and ensures that the bottom of the rod placement groove 38 has a sufficient bearing surface to support the connecting rod 9. Still preferably, the elastic portions 72, 73 are formed as longitudinal side walls of the first guide portion 26 and the second guide portion 27, respectively, with a lower rail edge of the first guide portion 26 and an upper rail edge of the second guide portion 27 being located on both sides of the support portion 71, as shown in fig. 6, 15a, 15 b. Alternatively, the first guiding portion 26 is arranged closer to the free end of the rod placing groove 38 than the bottom of the rod placing groove 38, wherein the bottom of the rod placing groove 38 is the portion that can form a support for the connecting rod 9 and is farthest from the free end, as shown in fig. 11, 12 and 14, so that the first guiding portion 26 reliably locks the free end of the rod placing groove 38 to the connecting rod 9 under the action of the protruding portion 7, and correspondingly, the outer sleeve 4 is arranged correspondingly according to the first and second guiding portions 26 and 27, as shown in fig. 13, the protruding portion 7 is arranged correspondingly. Preferably, the connecting rod 9 is located below the plane of the free end of the rod placement groove 38 when placed in the rod placement groove 38, as shown in fig. 7, 14, 15a and 15b, to prevent the connecting rod 9 from protruding out of the rod placement groove 38 to reduce the notch, and at the same time, to ensure reliable extrusion of the free end of the rod placement groove 38 against the connecting rod 9 to prevent the connecting rod 9 from being separated from the rod placement groove 38.

Alternatively, the guiding parts and the protruding parts can be interchanged, in this solution, the lower edge of the track of the first guiding part on the outer sleeve 4 corresponding to the protruding part of the first connecting end 28 and the upper edge of the track of the second guiding part corresponding to the protruding part of the second connecting end 29 have a tendency to descend and ascend respectively along the rotation locking direction of the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6, and when the outer sleeve 4 rotates relative to the inner sleeve 6 in the locking direction, the lower edge of the track of the first guiding part and the upper edge of the track of the second guiding part push the protruding parts respectively, so that the side walls where the protruding parts are located press the connecting rod 9 and the head 30 of the fixing screw 1 radially inwards, thereby enabling the connecting assembly to lock the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1.

Optionally, the biasing member shown also comprises an eccentric structure, or the guide is replaced by an eccentric structure to achieve a clamping fixation of the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the eccentric structure comprises a protrusion 24 arranged on the outer side of the inner sleeve 6 and a protrusion 25 matched with the protrusion 24 and arranged on the inner side of the outer sleeve 4, wherein the protrusion 24 comprises a first surface 76 which is gradually raised along the height of the outer sleeve 4 relative to the rotation locking direction of the inner sleeve 6, when the connecting assembly clamps and fixes the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1, the protrusion 25 passes over the first surface 76 so as to promote the side wall of the rod placing groove 38 and/or the groove 40 to be biased inwards, and respectively press the head 30 of the connecting rod 9 and/or the fixing screw 1 to realize the relative fixation of the connecting rod 9 and/or the fixing screw 1. Preferably, the projection 24 further comprises a second surface 77 which is raised against the rotational locking direction, the first surface 76 intersecting the second surface 77, and further preferably the second surface 77 has a slope which is greater than the slope of the first surface 76, the projection 25 being able to rest on the second surface 77 when the projection 25 passes over the first surface 76, preventing the projection 25 from sliding over the first surface 76 without the effect of external forces, in order to avoid loosening of the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1. Preferably, the first surface 76 and/or the second surface 77 are curved. It is further preferred that the second surface 77 is provided with a step at the location of the protrusion 25 to limit the locking position of the protrusion 25, maintaining a radial biasing force to place the outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 6 in a locked state. More preferably, the protrusions 24 are radially symmetrically disposed on the outer side of the inner sleeve 6 and the protrusions 25 are radially symmetrically disposed on the inner side of the outer sleeve 4. More preferably, when the protrusions 24, 25 are located at the initial positions, the outer sleeve 4 is provided with recesses at positions opposite to the protrusions 24 and the inner sleeve 6 is provided with recesses at positions opposite to the protrusions 25, respectively, to accommodate the protrusions 24, 25, respectively, so as to provide a larger biasing space for the rod accommodating groove 38 when accommodating the connecting rod 9. Conversely, the projections 24 can also be provided on the inner side of the outer sleeve 4 and the projections 25 on the outer side of the inner sleeve 6 to achieve a clamping fixation of the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1.

Preferably, the support portion 71 is provided with a first guide 39, and as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the inner side surface of the accommodating groove of the outer sleeve 4 is provided with a second guide matched with the first guide 39, and when the inner sleeve 6 is assembled with the outer sleeve 4, the first guide 39 is matched with the second guide, so that the inner sleeve 6 and the outer sleeve 4 can relatively rotate and can be prevented from being separated from each other. Preferably, the first guide 39 is a protrusion, and the second guide includes a longitudinal slot 37 and a transverse slot 36, and the protrusion 39 enters the transverse slot 36 under the guidance of the longitudinal slot 37 and is movable within the transverse slot 36. Still preferably, the first guide 39 is symmetrically disposed with respect to the second guide.

Further, the bottom of the rod placement groove 38 is also provided with an operation passage 79, and as shown in fig. 6, the operation passage 79 allows an operation tool to be engaged to a driving structure of the head of the set screw 1 to fix or detach the set screw 1 to or from bone tissue.

Preferably, the first connecting end 28 is provided with a first limiter 48, as shown in fig. 6, wherein the limiter 48 is capable of engaging with the locking tool 100 to prevent the inner sleeve 6 from rotating during rotation of the outer sleeve 4 to lock the connecting rod 9 and the set screw 1, thereby preventing torque from being transmitted to the set screw 1 to loosen bone tissue. Preferably, the limiting member 48 is provided at least two, preferably radially symmetrically disposed, on the top end of the rod placement groove 38, and may include a recess or groove or the like, but is not limited thereto, as long as it can engage with the locking tool 100 to limit the rotation of the inner sleeve 6, such as including a protrusion or the like.

Preferably, the outer sleeve 4 is provided with a first engagement member 44, as shown in fig. 5, capable of engaging the locking tool 100 to urge the outer sleeve 4 to rotate upon actuation of the locking tool 100 to facilitate locking of the connecting rod 9 and the set screw 1. Preferably, the engagement members 44 are provided at least two, preferably radially symmetrical, on the top end of the jacket 4, and may comprise grooves or notches. More preferably, a recess 46 is provided in the groove or recess to promote engagement of the locking tool 100 with the engagement member 44, preventing the locking tool 100 from being disengaged from the recess 44 during rotation of the outer sleeve 4. The engaging member 44 may also include a protrusion, a protrusion with a boss, or the like, but is not limited thereto, as long as it can engage with the locking tool 100 to rotate the outer sleeve 4.

During use of the locking device, the set screw 1, the connection assembly and the connection rod 9 may be assembled by inserting the set screw 1 through the through hole 75 of the outer sleeve 4, the head of the set screw 1 being defined in the receiving groove, then placing the second connection end 29 of the inner sleeve 6 into the receiving groove and receiving the head of the set screw 1 in the groove 40 of the second connection end 29, the first biasing member on the inner sleeve 6 and the second biasing member on the outer sleeve 4 cooperating with each other, preferably, but not necessarily, the inner sleeve 6 and the outer sleeve 4 may be defined to be disengaged from each other by the first guide 39 and the second guide cooperating therewith. During implantation of the set screw 1, the operating tool may be engaged to the driving structure of the head of the set screw 1 through the operating channel 79 on the inner sleeve 6, securing the set screw 1 to bone tissue. After the fixing screw 1 is implanted, the position relation between the connecting component and the fixing screw 1 is adjusted, the outer sleeve 4 can rotate relative to the inner sleeve 6 under the condition that the connecting rod 9 is placed in the rod placing groove 38, and the side walls of the rod placing groove 38 and the groove 40 are forced to be biased inwards under the action of the first biasing piece and the second biasing piece, so that the heads of the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1 are respectively extruded, and the relative independent fixation of the two is realized. Preferably, when the connecting rod 9 and the set screw 1 are locked, the boss 25 slides over the boss 24 and a click is made.

The connection assembly may be adapted for use with different types of set screws, such as multi-planar set screws (as shown in fig. 4), 360 ° set screws (as shown in fig. 10), or single-planar set screws (as shown in fig. 8), etc. The multi-plane fixing screw, the 360-degree fixing screw and the single-plane fixing screw are similar in overall structure and are composed of a head part and a rod part. The head 30 of the multi-planar fixation screw is preferably spherical, and a reduced neck is provided between the head 30 and the stem 33 to expand the range of motion of the fixation screw, as shown in fig. 3 and 4. When the coupling assembly is adapted to a multi-planar set screw, the head 30 of the multi-planar set screw can be swung and locked in the recess 40 and the receiving groove of the outer sleeve 4 in a conical region of the shank 33 about the center line.

The 360 ° set screw is provided with a swing limiter 53 on the head 32, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the limiter 53 being able to cooperate with the receiving groove of the outer sleeve 4 or with the recess 40 of the second connecting end 29 to limit the swing of the stem 33. Taking the example that the limiting member 53 is matched with the accommodating groove of the outer sleeve 4, the limiting member 53 may be a columnar structure connected with the rod portion 33, the cross section of the columnar structure may be circular or square, etc., which may be matched with the inner wall of the through hole 75 of the outer sleeve 4, for example, the size fit, so as to limit the swing of the rod portion 33 and realize the axial rotation of the rod portion 33. The head 32 of the 360 ° set screw is preferably spherical, but is not limited thereto, and may be a combination of upper and lower cones, or a combination of conical and hemispherical, as long as 360 ° rotation of the screw is achieved.

The single plane fixing screw is provided with an annular groove 42 taking the axis of the fixing screw as the shaft on the head 31, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the annular groove 42 can be matched with the protruding piece 8 which is radially symmetrically arranged on the accommodating groove of the outer sleeve 4, and the protruding piece 8 is used as a rotation supporting point to realize the swinging and locking of the rod part 33 in the single plane, preferably, the single plane is the plane where the connecting rod 9 and the rod part 33 are located. At the same time, the annular recess 42 also ensures adjustment of the direction of the post rod groove 38 of the fixation screw's shank 33 rotationally fixed to the bone tissue. Preferably, the protruding elements 8 cooperate with the annular recess 42 through openings provided in the insert casing 4. Still preferably, the head 31 is spherical and the recess 42 is provided on the spherical head 31 centered on the center of the sphere. Alternatively, the annular recess 4 may be provided at the junction of the stem 33 and the head 31, provided that it is able to cooperate with the protruding member 8 and ensure that the stem 33 swings and locks in a single plane, and preferably the recess 40 of the inner sleeve 6 is provided with a recess on said single plane allowing the head 31 to swing and lock in a single plane. Alternatively, the protruding elements 8 may also be arranged radially symmetrically on the second connection end 29 of the inner sleeve 6. The locking system of the present invention includes a locking tool 100, as shown in fig. 16-21, 24, that includes a fixed member 13, a rotatable member 14, and an actuation assembly that rotates the rotatable member 14 relative to the fixed member 13.

The end of the fixing member 13 includes a second restriction member 47 engageable with the first restriction member 48 to prevent the inner sleeve 6 from rotating during rotation of the outer sleeve 4 to lock the connecting rod 9 and the set screw 1. Preferably, one of the first and second restraints 48, 47 includes a groove or recess, and the other includes a protrusion that fits into the groove or recess.

The end of the rotating member 14 comprises a second engagement member 43 engageable with the first engagement member 44 to rotate the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6 during rotation of the outer sleeve 4 to lock the connecting rod 9 and the set screw 1, preferably the rotating member 14 is a sleeve which is sleeved outside the fixing member 13. More preferably, one of the first engagement member 44 and the second engagement member 43 includes a groove or recess, more preferably, a recess is provided in the groove or recess, and the other includes a protrusion fitted to the groove or recess, more preferably, a protrusion fitted to the recess is provided on the protrusion to raise the engagement force of the first engagement member 44 and the second engagement member 43.

Preferably, the locking tool 100 further comprises an axial limiter for preventing the rotational member 14 from moving axially away from the second limiter 47 relative to the fixed member 13, and preferably, the axial limiter comprises a recess 131 on a surface of the fixed member 13, a protrusion 141 matching the recess 131 is provided on the rotational member 14, and a top surface and a bottom surface of the recess 131 limit the upward and downward movement of the protrusion 141, thereby preventing the rotational member 14 from moving axially relative to the fixed member 13. The stopper for preventing the axial movement of the rotation member 14 relative to the fixed member 13 is not limited thereto, as long as the stopper can restrict the axial movement of the rotation member 14 relative to the fixed member 13 away from the second stopper 47.

Further, the locking tool 100 further comprises a telescopic member 15, the telescopic member 15 being movable between an initial position and a working position to expose or cover the second engagement member 43. In the initial position, the telescoping member 15 exposes the second engagement member 43 to facilitate engagement of the second engagement member 43 with the first engagement member 44 as shown in fig. 19, 20a, 20b, and in the operative position, the telescoping member 15 covers the second engagement member 43 to maintain the second engagement member 43 in engagement with the first engagement member 44 to prevent the second engagement member 43 from disengaging from the first engagement member 44 during rotation of the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6 as shown in fig. 18 b. Preferably, the telescopic member 15 is a sleeve which is fitted over the rotary member 14. Alternatively, the second engagement member 43 expands radially outwardly in the initial position, as shown in FIGS. 19, 20a, 20b, to facilitate disengagement of the second engagement member 43 from the first engagement member 44 when the telescoping member 15 is returned from the operating position to the initial position to disengage the locking tool 100 from the connection assembly.

The locking tool 100 is provided with a rotation stop to limit the relative rotation of the telescopic member 15 and the rotary member 14. Preferably, the rotation stopper includes a flange provided on one of the inner wall of the expansion member 15 and the outer wall of the rotation member 14 and a longitudinal groove provided on the other of the inner wall of the expansion member 15 and the outer wall of the rotation member 14, the flange being movable up and down within the longitudinal groove. More preferably, a longitudinal groove 54 is provided at the end of the telescopic element 15, as shown in fig. 20 c.

The actuating assembly of the locking tool 100 comprises an actuating member and a pushing member 12, the pushing member 12 being connected to the rotating member 14, said actuating member being capable of pushing the pushing member 12 towards the second engagement member 43 to rotate the rotating member 14 relative to the fixed member 13. One end of the pushing member 12 is provided with a cross bar 16, the cross bar 16 being capable of acting on a first track 51 of the rotating member 14, the first track 51 being capable of converting an axial movement of the cross bar 16 into a rotational movement of the rotating member 14.

Further, the actuating member includes a handle 10, a connecting rod 11 and a supporting member 17, the handle 10 is rotatably connected to the supporting member 17, one end of the connecting rod 11 is rotatably connected to the handle 10, and the other end is rotatably connected to the other end of the sliding member 12. Preferably, the end of the securing member 13 remote from the limiting member 47 is provided with a longitudinal channel in which the cross bar 16 is movable up and down.

Rotation of the handle 10 moves the pusher member 12 toward the second engagement member 43 to rotate the rotatable member 14 relative to the stationary member 13 and thus the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6. The fixing member 13 is fixedly connected with the supporting member 17, and preferably, the supporting member 17 is of a sleeve structure, and the fixing member 13 and the supporting member 17 are fixed through threads. Still preferably, the end of the support 17 is provided with a top cover 23, and as shown in fig. 16 and 17, the side wall of the support 17 is provided with a side hole for the handle 10 to extend.

Further, the cross bar 16 crosses the first rail 51 provided on the rotating member 14 and the second rail 50 provided on the telescopic member 15, the start and end points of the second rail 50 are provided obliquely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the locking tool 100, and the distance by which the cross bar 16 moves from the start point to the end point of the second rail 50 corresponds to the rotation of the jacket 4 from the initial position (see fig. 22 a) to the locking position (see fig. 22 b) in which the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1 are locked by the connecting assembly, and the width W of the second rail 50 matches the radial dimension of the cross bar 16 as shown in fig. 21 a. The shape of the second rail 50 is preferably linear or arcuate. The first rail 51 has the same oblique extension tendency as the second rail 50, except that the longitudinal distance L by which the crossbar 16 moves along the left longitudinal trajectory 513 of the upper trajectory 511 and the lower trajectory 512 of the first rail 51 is the distance by which the telescopic member 15 moves from the initial position to the working position. When the telescopic element 15 is in the initial position, the upper trajectory 501 of the second rail 50 coincides with the upper trajectory 511 of the first rail 51, see fig. 21a, and when the telescopic element 15 is in the working position, the lower trajectory 502 of the second rail 50 coincides with the lower trajectory 512 of the first rail 51, see fig. 21 b.

In use, the locking tool 100, as shown in fig. 17-23, the second limiter 47 of the securing member 13 is engaged to the first limiter 48 to secure the inner sleeve 6; the second engagement member 43 of the rotating member 14 is engaged to the first engagement member 44 or is opposite to the first engagement member 44, the handle 10 is moved towards the support member 17 to push the pushing member 12, the cross bar 16 pushes the telescopic member 15 along the longitudinal track line 513 from the initial position to the working position, i.e. the second track 50 is moved from the position where the upper track line 501 coincides with the upper track line 511 of the first track 51 to the position where the lower track line 502 coincides with the lower track line 512 of the first track 51, as shown in fig. 21b, the telescopic member 15 covers the second engagement member 43 to ensure engagement of the second engagement member 43 with the first engagement member 44, the cross bar 16 continues to push the telescopic member 15 due to the blocking of the lower track line 512, and under the effect of the oblique track lines of the cross bar 16 only axial movement of the cross bar 16 is converted into radial rotation of the rotating member 14 and the telescopic member 15 relative to the fixed member 13, i.e. the rotating member 14 and the telescopic member 15 clockwise rotates, thereby biasing the connecting rod 4 and the fixed rod 6 relative to the fixed screw 1 and the fixed rod 38 to the fixed head portion 9 and the fixed screw 1 and the fixed rod 38 relative to the fixed groove 9, respectively, as the push member 1 is pushed and the fixed rod is pushed into the fixed groove 38.

Further, the locking tool 100 further comprises a first elastic member 18, preferably a spring, wherein the elastic member 18 returns the telescopic member 15 to the initial position. The slider 12 includes a first mounting portion 121, and the locking tool 100 includes a second mounting portion, and both ends of the elastic member 18 are respectively disposed on the first mounting portion 121 and the second mounting portion. When the telescopic member 15 is moved from the initial position to the working position, the elastic member 18 is stretched, the second mounting portion is disposed away from the cross bar 16 relative to the first mounting portion 121, and when the handle 100 is released, the elastic member 18 pulls the pushing member 12 back, and the cross bar 16 drives the telescopic member 15 to move toward the initial position along the right longitudinal track line 514 of the first track 51, as shown in fig. 24, at this time, the second engaging member 43 is exposed, preferably, the second engaging member 43 expands radially outwards, so that the locking tool 100 can be disengaged from the locking device, and when the upper track line 501 coincides with the upper track line 511, the elastic member 18 continues to pull back, and under the action of the oblique track lines of the first track 51 and the second track 50, the axial movement of the cross bar 16 is converted into radial rotation of the rotating member 14 and the telescopic member 15 relative to the fixed member 13, so that the telescopic member 15 is urged to return to the initial position.

Alternatively, the second mounting portion may be disposed adjacent to the cross bar 16 relative to the first mounting portion 121, preferably the second mounting portion is disposed on the securing member 13, and more preferably the second mounting portion 132 is a flange disposed on the securing member 13. On this account, when the telescopic member 15 moves from the initial position to the working position, the elastic member 18 is compressed, and when the handle 100 is released, the elastic member 18 springs the slider 12, eventually returning the telescopic member 15 to the initial position.

Preferably, the locking tool 100 includes a telescopic restriction member, which may be a stepped portion 142 provided on the rotating member 14 or a connection portion of the fixing member 13 and the supporting member 17, to restrict the movement of the telescopic member 15 from the initial position in a direction away from the second engagement member 43.

Alternatively, the expansion limiter includes a projection provided on one of the inner wall of the support 17 and the outer wall of the expansion member 15 and an annular groove provided on the other having a rectangular inner and outer profile. Taking an example in which the protrusion 171 is provided on the inner wall of the supporting member 17 and the annular groove 151 is provided on the outer wall of the extension member 15, the protrusion 171 is located at the left lower corner of the annular groove 151 as shown in fig. 21a when the extension member 15 is in the initial position, the protrusion 171 moves vertically upward from the left lower corner of the annular groove 151 as the extension member 15 moves from the initial position to the working position, the protrusion 171 moves to the left upper corner of the annular groove 151 as shown in fig. 21b while defining the lower limit of the longitudinal movement of the extension member 15, the protrusion 171 rotates from the left upper corner of the annular groove 151 to the right upper corner as shown in fig. 21c when the extension member 15 rotates toward the locking position of the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1 as shown in fig. 21b as the rotation member 14, the elastic member 18 urges the extension member 171 to rotate from the right upper corner of the annular groove 151 to the right lower corner as shown in fig. 24 as the extension member 15 moves longitudinally from the initial position to the working position, and the protrusion 171 rotates from the right lower corner to the right lower corner of the annular groove 151 as shown in fig. 21c as the elastic member 18 moves.

Further, the locking tool 100 comprises a second elastic member 19, preferably a spring, one end of the elastic member 19 being mounted on the supporting member 17, and the other end of the elastic member 19 acting on an elastic acting portion 152 of the telescopic member 15 and being compressed by the elastic acting portion 152 when the telescopic member 15 is in the working position, preferably the elastic acting portion 152 is a stepped portion provided on an outer wall of the telescopic member 15. The elastic member 19 can assist the restoring of the telescopic member 15 to the original position when the handle is released. More preferably, when the telescopic member 15 is in the initial position, the other end of the elastic member 19 is disengaged from the elastic action portion 152.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 25-29b, the locking tool 200 includes a stationary member 59 having a second limiter 64, a rotating member 58 having a second engagement member 63, and an actuating assembly for rotating the rotating member 58 relative to the stationary member 59, the second limiter 64 being engaged with the first limiter 48 and the second engagement member 63 being engaged with the first engagement member 44. The second restriction member 64 has the same structure as the second restriction member 47, and the second engagement member 63 has the same structure as the second engagement member 43. The actuating assembly comprises handles 60 and 61, wherein the handles 60 are connected with the side wall of the fixing piece 59, the handles 61 are connected with the side wall of the rotating piece 58, preferably, a first side opening 67 is formed in the side wall of the rotating piece 58, the handles 60 are arranged through the side opening 67, and the rotation stroke of the handles 60 in the side opening 67 can ensure that the connecting assembly locks the fixing screw 1 and the connecting rod 9. Preferably, the longitudinal dimension of the side aperture 67 is the same as the longitudinal dimension of the corresponding portion of the handle 60 located in the side aperture 67 to limit the axial relative movement of the fixed member 59 and the rotatable member 58. More preferably, the rotating member 58 is a sleeve that fits over the exterior of the stationary member 59.

Further, the locking tool 200 also includes a telescoping member 57, the telescoping member 57 being movable between an initial position and a working position to expose or cover engagement with the first engagement member 44 and the second engagement member 63. The telescoping member 57 is preferably a sleeve that fits over the rotating member 58. Still preferably, the telescopic member 57 is provided with a second side opening 65 and a third side opening 66, wherein the handle 60 is disposed through the side opening 65, and a rotation stroke of the handle 60 in the side opening 65 can ensure that the connection assembly locks the fixing screw 1 and the connection rod 9, which is not limited thereto, as long as a rotation stroke of the handle 60 in the side openings 65 and 67 can ensure that the connection assembly locks the fixing screw 1 and the connection rod 9. The handle 61 is disposed through the side aperture 66, preferably the side aperture 66 has a transverse opening dimension that is the same as the transverse dimension of a corresponding portion of the handle 61 located in the side aperture 66 to limit the circumferential rotational movement of the telescoping member 57 relative to the rotating member 58. More preferably, in the initial position of the telescopic element 57, at least one of the handles 60, 61 is abutted against the lower edge of the lateral opening of the telescopic element 57 corresponding thereto, and in the operating position of the telescopic element 57, at least one of the handles 60, 61 is abutted against the upper edge of the lateral opening of the telescopic element 57 corresponding thereto.

Still further, as shown in fig. 26, the end of the telescoping member 57 remote from the engagement member 63 is provided with a conversion mechanism for converting rotational motion into axial motion, the conversion mechanism may include an angled groove or recess, and the rotatable member of the locking tool 200 includes a cross bar positioned within the angled groove or recess of the conversion mechanism, and the telescoping member is longitudinally movable between an initial position and an operative position by rotating the rotatable member under the influence of the conversion mechanism. Preferably, the rotating member is rotatably secured to the rotating member 58. Alternatively, the conversion mechanism includes a screw 68, the rotary member includes a knob 62, the screw 68 is not limited to an internal screw or an external screw, and here, for example, the internal screw is screwed with the knob 62, the axial position of the knob 62 is fixed, and preferably, the knob 62 is rotatably fixed at an end of the rotary member 58 remote from the second engagement member 63. Since the knob 61 and the side opening 66 restrict the circumferential rotational movement of the telescopic member 57 with respect to the rotary member 58, the telescopic member 57 is not rotated when the knob 62 is rotated, but is allowed to move longitudinally between the initial position and the operating position. Preferably, in the initial position, the handle 60 is positioned at the left edge of the common space defined by the side openings 65, 67 and abuts against the lower edge of the side opening 65, as shown in fig. 25, 27, the handle 61 abuts against the lower edge of the side opening 66, and in the operating position, the handle 60 is positioned at the left edge of the common space defined by the side openings 65, 67 and abuts against the upper edge of the side opening 65, as shown in fig. 28, the handle 61 abuts against the upper edge of the side opening 66. When the connecting assembly locks the set screw 1 and the connecting rod 9, the handle 60 is located at the right edge of the common space defined by the side openings 65, 67 and abuts against the upper edge of the side opening 65, as shown in fig. 29, and the handle 61 abuts against the upper edge of the side opening 66. Still preferably, the longitudinal movement of the telescoping member 57 is accomplished by graduated markings between the telescoping member 57 and the handles 60, 61.

In use, the locking tool 200 is engaged with the first restriction member 48 by the second restriction member 64 of the fixing member 59 to fix the inner sleeve 6, the second engagement member 63 of the rotating member 58 is engaged with the first engagement member 44 or opposite the first engagement member 44, the knob 62 is rotated to move the telescopic member 57 downward from the initial position to the working position, the telescopic member 57 covers the second engagement member 63, the handle 60 is positioned at the left edge of the common space defined by the side openings 65, 67 and abuts against the upper edge of the side opening 65, the handle 61 abuts against the upper edge of the side opening 66, as shown in fig. 28, the handles 60, 61 are pulled to rotate the handle 61 from the right side of the handle 60 to the handle 60, i.e., the handle 61 is rotated clockwise, causing the rotating member 58 to rotate relative to the fixing member 59, the outer sleeve 4 is rotated in the locking direction relative to the inner sleeve 6, and finally the connecting assembly locks the fixing screw 1 and the connecting rod 9, the handle 60 is positioned at the right edge of the common space defined by the side openings 65 and abuts against the upper edge of the side opening 65, as shown in fig. 29. When the locking tool 200 is to be disconnected from the connection assembly, the knob 62 is rotated in the opposite direction, causing the telescoping member 57 to move upwardly until the second engagement member 63 is exposed and can be separated from the first engagement member 44, at which point the locking tool 200 can be disconnected from the connection assembly with the handle 60 positioned at the right edge of the common space defined by the side openings 65, 67 and against the lower edge of the side opening 65 and the handle 61 against the lower edge of the side opening 66, as shown in fig. 30.

The locking system of the present invention further comprises an unlocking tool, which in a first embodiment of the unlocking tool has all the technical features of the locking tool 100, the main difference between them being that the first rail 51 and the second rail 50 of the locking tool 100 are arranged obliquely from a starting position to the right and downward direction with respect to the longitudinal axis of the locking tool 100, as shown in fig. 21a-21c, resulting in a clockwise rotation of the rotator 14 and the telescopic member 15 for locking the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1, and the first rail and the second rail of the unlocking tool are arranged obliquely from a starting position to the left and downward direction with respect to the longitudinal axis of the unlocking tool, resulting in a counterclockwise rotation of the rotator and the telescopic member of the unlocking tool for unlocking the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1. Another difference between the unlocking tool and the locking tool 100 is that in the initial position the relative position of the second engagement member of the rotation member of the unlocking tool, which is engageable with the first engagement member 44, and the second restriction member of the securing member of the unlocking tool, which is engageable with the first restriction member 48, matches the relative position of the first engagement member 44 and the first restriction member 48 in the locked position in order to rotate the outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 6 counter-clockwise, thereby unlocking the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1. For other features, the unlocking tool is identical to the locking tool 100, and is used in the same manner.

In the second embodiment of the unlocking tool, as shown in fig. 31, 32 and 33, the unlocking tool 300 of the second embodiment has all the technical features of the locking tool 200, and the main difference between them is that:

The unlocking means 300 comprises a fixed member 92 having a second restriction member 97, a rotatable member 91 having a second engagement member 96, and an actuating assembly for rotating the rotatable member 91 relative to the fixed member 92, the second restriction member 97, the second engagement member 96 being engaged with the first restriction member 48, the first engagement member 44, respectively, when the connecting rod 9 and the set screw 1 are in the locked position. The actuating assembly comprises handles 93 and 94, the handle 94 is connected with the side wall of the fixing piece 92, the handle 93 is connected with the side wall of the rotating piece 91, a first side opening 99 is formed in the side wall of the rotating piece 91, the handle 94 penetrates through the side opening 99, and the rotation stroke of the handle 94 in the side opening 99 can ensure that the connecting assembly locks the fixing screw 1 and the connecting rod 9. The side opening 99 is formed on the right side of the handle 93, and the side opening 67 of the locking tool 200 is formed on the left side of the handle, and accordingly, the form of the side opening provided by the telescopic member 90 of the unlocking tool 300 for passing through the handles 93, 94 is opposite to the form of the side opening provided by the telescopic member 57 of the locking tool 200 for passing through the handles 61, 60, i.e. the form of the side opening provided by the telescopic member 90 for passing through the handle 93 is identical to the third side opening 66 located on the right side of the telescopic member 57, and the form of the side opening provided by the telescopic member 90 for passing through the handle 94 is identical to the second side opening 65 located on the left side of the telescopic member 57. Thus, when the unlocking tool 300 is used to unlock the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1, the handles 93, 94 can be pulled to rotate the handle 93 from the left side of the handle 94 to the handle 93, i.e., the handle 94 is rotated counterclockwise, so that the rotating member 91 is rotated relative to the fixing member 92, and the outer sleeve 4 is then rotated relative to the inner sleeve 6 in the unlocking direction, thereby unlocking the fixing screw 1 and the connecting rod 9.

For other features, the unlocking tool 300 is identical to the locking tool 200, and is used in the same manner.

While the invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention with reference to specific embodiments, and it is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. Various changes in form and detail may be made therein by those skilled in the art, including a few simple inferences or alternatives, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locking system adapted for use in a locking device for orthopaedics, said locking device comprising an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, said inner sleeve comprising a first restraint and said outer sleeve comprising a first engagement member, said locking system comprising:

A fixing member including a second restriction member, the second limiter is engageable with the first limiter;

A rotating member including a second engaging member engageable with the first engaging member, and

An actuation assembly;

when the rotary part is used, the actuating component can enable the rotary part to rotate relative to the fixed part, so that the outer sleeve is driven to rotate relative to the inner sleeve;

the actuating assembly comprises an actuating piece and a pushing piece, the pushing piece is connected with the rotating piece, and the actuating piece can push the pushing piece to move towards the second joint piece so as to enable the rotating piece to rotate relative to the fixing piece;

The actuating piece comprises a handle, a connecting rod and a supporting piece, wherein the handle is rotatably connected with the supporting piece, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the handle, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the other end of the pushing piece, and the rotation of the handle can enable the connecting rod to push the pushing piece to move towards the second joint piece so as to enable the rotating piece to rotate relative to the fixing piece;

the locking system further includes a telescopic restricting member to restrict movement of the telescopic member of the locking system from an initial position in a direction away from the second engaging member;

The telescopic limiting piece comprises a protrusion arranged on one of the inner wall of the supporting piece and the outer wall of the telescopic piece and an annular groove with rectangular inner and outer contours, wherein the longitudinal moving distance of the protrusion in the annular groove is the distance from the initial position to the working position of the telescopic piece, and the transverse moving distance of the protrusion in the annular groove is the rotatable stroke of the rotating piece relative to the fixing piece.

2. The locking system of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the rotating member is sleeved outside the stationary member.

3. A locking system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the telescoping member is movable between an initial position and a working position to expose or cover the second engagement member.

4. A locking system according to claim 3, wherein at least a portion of said telescoping member is sleeved outside of said rotating member.

5. A locking system according to claim 3, wherein the locking system is provided with a rotation stop to limit the relative rotation of the telescopic member and the rotary member.

6. The locking system of claim 5, wherein the rotational stop includes a flange disposed on one of an inner wall of the telescoping member and an outer wall of the rotating member and a longitudinal groove disposed on the other of the inner wall of the telescoping member and the outer wall of the rotating member, the flange being movable up and down within the longitudinal groove.

7. A locking system according to claim 3, wherein one end of the pushing member is provided with a cross bar, which cross bar acts on a first track of the rotating member, which first track converts an axial movement of the cross bar into a rotational movement of the rotating member.

8. The locking system of claim 7 wherein said securing member is provided with a longitudinal channel at an end remote from said second limiting member, said cross bar being movable up and down in said longitudinal channel.

9. The locking system of claim 1, wherein the securing member is fixedly coupled to the support member.

10. The locking system of claim 1 wherein at least a portion of said support member is sleeved outside of said pusher member and said handle is extendable through a sidewall of said support member.

11. The locking system of claim 7 or 8, wherein the rail interacts with a second track provided on a telescoping member of the locking system, the rail being capable of moving the telescoping member from an initial position to an operative position to cover the second engagement member during movement of the pusher member toward the second engagement member.

12. The locking system of claim 11, wherein the rail interacts with the second rail through the first rail, the first rail and the second rail having the same diagonal extension, the rail moving along a longitudinal trajectory of the first rail a longitudinal distance that is the distance the telescoping member moves from an initial position to an operational position.

13. The locking system of claim 12, wherein an upper trace of the second rail coincides with an upper trace of the first rail when the telescoping member is in the initial position, and wherein a lower trace of the second rail coincides with a lower trace of the first rail when the telescoping member is in the operational position.

14. The locking system of claim 13, wherein the lower track line of the first rail is capable of translating axial movement of the cross bar into rotational movement of the rotating member relative to the stationary member when the telescoping member is in the operational position.

15. The locking system of any one of claims 4-6, 12-14, further comprising a first resilient member operable to return the telescoping member from the operating position to the initial position.

16. The locking system of claim 15, further comprising a mounting portion, wherein one end of the first resilient member is mounted on the mounting portion and the other end is mounted on a pusher member of the actuation assembly.

17. The locking system of claim 16, wherein the mounting portion is provided on the fixed member and the first resilient member is compressed when the telescoping member is moved from the initial position to the operational position.

18. The locking system of claim 1, further comprising a second resilient member having one end mounted to the support member, the other end of the second resilient member acting on and being compressed by the telescoping member when the telescoping member of the locking system is in the operative position.

19. The locking system of any one of claims 1,2, 4-10, 12-14, 16-18, wherein the locking system includes an axial stop to prevent axial movement of the rotating member relative to the stationary member.