CN113330638B - Vehicle-mounted antenna device - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted antenna device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113330638B CN113330638B CN202080010108.2A CN202080010108A CN113330638B CN 113330638 B CN113330638 B CN 113330638B CN 202080010108 A CN202080010108 A CN 202080010108A CN 113330638 B CN113330638 B CN 113330638B
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- antenna device
- antenna element
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
- H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Support Of Aerials (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The in-vehicle antenna device (10) is provided with an antenna base (100) having a bottom surface portion (102), a substrate (200) disposed above the bottom surface portion so as to face the bottom surface portion, and an antenna element (400) disposed on the outer periphery so as to form a slot antenna by using the side ends of the antenna base as the opposite sides of the slot.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an in-vehicle antenna device having an antenna element that operates as a slot antenna.
Background
As a method of feeding a slot antenna, a method using a transmission line disposed on a substrate is known (for example, refer to patent document 1).
Prior art literature
Patent literature
Patent document 1 Japanese patent application laid-open No. 2015-41994
Disclosure of Invention
In recent years, in the field of automobile communication, there has been an increasing demand for in-vehicle information services (Telematics), and an in-vehicle antenna device that meets the demand has been sought. From the viewpoint of vehicle design, it is desirable to reduce the back of the in-vehicle antenna device.
In-vehicle antenna devices, since a roof to be mounted is used as a ground plane, monopole antennas are often used as antenna elements. In the vehicle antenna device for coping with the vehicle information service, although a gain in the horizontal direction is desired to be high, if the monopole antenna is made low back in order to make the vehicle antenna device low back, deterioration in the gain in the horizontal direction occurs.
Accordingly, it is conceivable to use a slot antenna as an antenna element mounted on the vehicle-mounted antenna device. However, the conventional method for using the slot antenna has the following problems. When the slot antenna is fed with power using the transmission line, the substrate on which the transmission line is disposed is generally disposed so as to face the metal plate on which the slot is opened, and therefore the reduction of the back of the in-vehicle antenna device is hindered. The slot antenna is reduced in back, and the substrate-disposing area is narrowed.
An example of the object of the present invention is to provide a new technology for reducing the back in a vehicle-mounted antenna device having a slot antenna.
An aspect of the present invention is an in-vehicle antenna device including an antenna base having a bottom surface portion, a substrate disposed above the bottom surface portion so as to face the bottom surface portion, and an antenna element disposed on an outer periphery so as to form a slot antenna with a side end of the antenna base being an opposite side of a slot.
According to this aspect, in the vehicle-mounted antenna device having the antenna element constituting the slot antenna, the back can be reduced. A slot antenna is formed with the side end of the antenna base as the opposite side of the slot. Therefore, when the bottom portion is arranged in the horizontal direction, the longitudinal direction of the slot antenna is also a direction along the horizontal direction, and a gain in the horizontal direction can be obtained as the slot antenna. The substrate is disposed above the bottom surface portion so as to face the antenna base, and therefore the back of the vehicle-mounted antenna device can be reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an example of mounting an in-vehicle antenna device.
Fig. 2 is an external perspective view of the in-vehicle antenna device.
Fig. 3 is an external perspective view of the in-vehicle antenna device with the exterior cover removed.
Fig. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the in-vehicle antenna device.
Fig. 5 is a main part sectional view of the in-vehicle antenna device.
Fig. 6 is a top plan view of the substrate.
Fig. 7 is a bottom plan view of the substrate.
Fig. 8 is a main part sectional view of an in-vehicle antenna device showing another embodiment of a spring.
Detailed Description
An example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, and the embodiments to which the present invention can be applied are not limited to the embodiments described below.
Structure
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a state in which the in-vehicle antenna device 10 according to the present embodiment is attached to the vehicle 1. As shown in fig. 1, the in-vehicle antenna device 10 is mounted in the recess 5 of the roof 3 of the vehicle 1 and used. The vehicle-mounted antenna device 10 has a thin rectangular parallelepiped shape with a thin overall thickness (length in the vertical direction), and the roof 3 has a recess 5 formed therein to conform to the shape of the vehicle-mounted antenna device 10. A lid 7 is fitted into the recess 5 in which the vehicle antenna device 10 is housed so as to close the opening. The cover 7 is coated in the same manner as the roof 3 so as not to impair the design of the vehicle. The cover 7 is formed so that the upper surface thereof becomes a flat surface integral with the roof 3 in a state of being fitted into the recess 5. By providing the cover 7 with a waterproof elastic member such as a gasket, a gap between the cover and the recess 5 is watertight sealed, and thus the recess 5 is prevented from being immersed in water. The vehicle antenna device 10 stored in a waterproof box or the like may be mounted on the upper surface of the roof 3 instead of forming the recess 5 in the roof 3. The exterior cover 500 of the vehicle-mounted antenna device 10, which will be described later, may be provided with a function as a waterproof case.
The front-rear, left-right, and up-down directions of the in-vehicle antenna device 10 are the same as the front-rear, left-right, and up-down directions of the vehicle 1 when mounted to the vehicle 1. In the example shown in fig. 1, the in-vehicle antenna device 10 is mounted so that the short side direction of the thin rectangular parallelepiped shape coincides with the front-rear direction of the vehicle 1. Specifically, the thickness direction is defined as the up-down direction of the in-vehicle antenna device 10, the direction along the long side direction is defined as the left-right direction, and the direction along the short side direction is defined as the front-back direction. The up-down direction can also be referred to as the height direction.
[ Appearance image ]
Fig. 2 to 5 are diagrams illustrating the structure of the in-vehicle antenna device 10. Fig. 2 is an external perspective view of the in-vehicle antenna device 10. Fig. 3 is an external perspective view of the in-vehicle antenna device 10 with the exterior cover 500 removed. Fig. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the in-vehicle antenna device 10. Fig. 5 is a main part sectional view of the vehicle-mounted antenna device 10 along the longitudinal direction, and is a schematic diagram in which the exterior cover 500 and the intermediate cover 300 are omitted for easy understanding of the electrical connection structure.
As shown in fig. 3, the vehicle-mounted antenna device 10 has antenna elements 400 each having a slit 12 extending in the front-rear direction formed on the left and right side surfaces, i.e., the short side surfaces of the thin rectangular parallelepiped shape in a state in which the exterior cover 500 is removed. The antenna element 400 is used for in-vehicle information service, for example, in LTE (Long Term Evolution ) communication. The slit 12 is formed so that both ends straddle adjacent long side surfaces. The slot 12 has a shape along a horizontal direction (the horizontal direction is along an upper surface of the roof 3 that becomes a ground plane when mounted on the vehicle 1), and thus functions as a slot antenna for vertically polarized waves. In fig. 3, the slit 12 formed only on one (left) side surface is shown easily in a perspective view, but the slit 12 is formed similarly on the other (right) side surface. The length (long diameter) of the slot 12 is determined by the wavelength λ of the frequency used when operating as a slot antenna. The vehicle-mounted antenna device 10 of the present embodiment has the antenna element 400 having the slit 12 extending in the front-rear direction formed on the short side surface, but may have the antenna element having the slit extending in the left-right direction formed on the long side surface.
In the antenna element 400, a slit 14 extending upward from the upper edge of the slit 12 and having an upper end extending over the upper surface is provided on the short side surface. By providing the slit 14, the variety of frequency bands usable in the in-vehicle antenna device 10 can be increased. The length (long diameter) of the slit 14 and the position of the opening end of the slit 14 in the slit 12 depend on the wavelength λ of the frequency in the usable frequency band of which the kind is increased by providing the slit 14. The antenna element 400 may have a structure without the slit 14.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the vehicle-mounted antenna device 10 is provided with a connector portion 20 for connecting a signal cable led out from the mounted vehicle 1, exposed on a long side surface of a front side of a thin rectangular parallelepiped shape. In the present embodiment, the connector portion 20 is provided on the long side surface of the front side of the in-vehicle antenna device 10, but may be provided on other side surfaces. The vehicle antenna device 10 may output an analog signal or a digital signal to the vehicle 1.
As shown in fig. 4, the in-vehicle antenna device 10 is configured to house the substrate 200, the intermediate cover 300, and the antenna element 400 in this order from below in a space defined between the metallic antenna base 100 and the exterior cover 500 covering the upper side of the antenna base 100.
The antenna base 100 has a rectangular metal bottom surface 102 and a metal rim 104 standing up along the outer periphery of the bottom surface 102, and has a shallow rectangular flat plate shape in plan view, which is open upward. In the antenna base 100, the vicinity of the center of the front edge 104 is cut away so that the connector 20 provided on the substrate 200 protrudes from the front.
The substrate 200 is elastically supported by an elastic support portion interposed between the antenna base 100 and the substrate 200, and is disposed above the bottom surface 102 so as to face the bottom surface 102. The elastic support portion is, for example, a metal spring 220. The spring 220 is one of structures for securing a ground potential when the slot 12 is operated as a slot antenna, and is provided in the vicinity of the slot 12. The upper end portion of the spring 220 is mounted on the ground pattern in the lower surface of the substrate 200. That is, the spring 220 is electrically connected to the ground pattern. When the substrate 200 is placed on the upper surface of the claw portion 106 of the antenna base 100 and screwed, the lower end portion of the spring 220 is pressed against the upper surface of the bottom surface portion 102 of the antenna base 100, and the substrate 200 is elastically supported by the antenna base 100. Thus, the spring 220 also functions to electrically connect the ground pattern of the substrate 200 with the antenna base 100. The spring 220 may be formed of, for example, a coil spring or a leaf spring made of metal.
The antenna base 100 has a plurality of claw portions 106 formed in an inverted L shape when viewed from the side, with the bottom surface portion 102 cut open and lifted. The claw portion 106 has a screw hole 108 formed therethrough in the up-down direction. The base plate 200 elastically supported by the springs 220 is located above the claw portions 106. The base 200 is attached to the antenna base 100 by inserting the screw 110 into the screw hole 108 of the claw portion 106 from below and screwing the screw into the screw hole 210 formed in the base 200 corresponding to the screw hole 108. The electronic component mounted on the lower surface of the substrate 200 is screwed so as not to contact the bottom surface 102, so that a gap is formed between the bottom end of the electronic component of the substrate 200 elastically supported by the springs 220 and the bottom surface 102. In order to stably fix the substrate 200 to the antenna base 100, it is desirable that the claw portions 106 are provided near four corners of the bottom surface portion 102 or near the peripheral edge, for example.
When the substrate 200 is disposed on the antenna base 100, the intermediate cover 300 is disposed so as to cover the upper side of the substrate 200, and the antenna element 400 is disposed on the outer periphery of the intermediate cover 300.
The intermediate cover 300 is formed of a synthetic resin having insulation properties. The intermediate cover 300 has a lid shape with a central opening in a plan view and a rectangular shape in a plan view as a whole. The lower peripheral portion of the intermediate cover 300 is provided to protrude downward so that a predetermined gap is secured above the substrate 200 without interfering with the electronic components mounted on the upper surface of the substrate 200. The outer peripheral surface of the lower portion of the peripheral edge is disposed in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the edge 104 of the antenna base 100. If the lower peripheral edge is located further inside than the edge 104, the lower peripheral edge may not be in contact with the edge. A through hole 302 is formed in the left and right sides of the peripheral edge of the intermediate cover 300 for inserting the feeding element 430 provided below the 1 st antenna element 410 and the 2 nd antenna element 420 in the up-down direction. In the intermediate cover 300, a central portion of the lower peripheral portion of the front side is cut away so that the connector portion 20 provided on the substrate 200 protrudes from the front.
The antenna element 400 is a metal member formed by, for example, sheet metal working, and is disposed on the outer periphery of the intermediate cover 300. The antenna element 400 is disposed in the intermediate cover 300, and forms a gap 12 with the edge 104 of the antenna base 100 facing the same. The antenna element 400 includes a1 st antenna element 410 and a2 nd antenna element 420, wherein the 1 st antenna element 410 is disposed at a left end portion on a1 st direction side and the 2 nd antenna element 420 is disposed at a right end portion on a2 nd direction side on an opposite side to the 1 st direction side when viewed from above (when viewed from above). Here, the opposite side means a direction opposite 180 degrees from a certain direction, that is, a side (one side) of the opposite direction. For example, the opposite side of the left side is the right side.
The 1 st antenna element 410 has a component 412 disposed on the front side of the left end portion of the intermediate cover 300, and a component 414 disposed on the rear side. Each of the parts 412 and 414 has an upper surface portion having an L-shape in a plan view for mounting on the intermediate cover 300, and a side surface portion extending downward from an outer edge portion of the upper surface portion. The side surfaces are formed with protruding pieces 412a, 414a, and the protruding pieces 412a, 414a protrude further downward on the front side or the rear side of the intermediate cover 300 in a state of being arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the intermediate cover 300. The protruding pieces 412a and 414a define the length (long diameter) of the slit 12. The members 412 and 414 are formed so that gaps between the left end portions of the intermediate cover 300 and the end portions constitute slits 14 in a state of being disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the intermediate cover 300. In the present embodiment, the length of the component 414 in the front-rear direction is formed longer than the component 412 in order to form the slit 14 at a position forward of the open end of the slot 12 in the left side surface of the in-vehicle antenna device 10.
In a state where the 1 st antenna element 410 is disposed at the left end portion of the outer peripheral portion of the intermediate cover 300, the lower portions of the protruding pieces 412a, 414a of the components 412, 414 are brought into contact with the upper portion of the rim 104 of the antenna base 100, thereby forming the slit 12. The slit 12 is formed between the lower edge of the side surface portion of each of the components 412 and 414 and the upper edge of the edge 104 of the antenna base 100 facing the lower edge, and extends across the left side surface and the adjacent front and rear side surfaces of the in-vehicle antenna device 10. The slit 14 is formed by the gap of the parts 412, 414.
The 2 nd antenna element 420 is also configured in the same manner as the 1 st antenna element 410. The slit 14 of the 2 nd antenna element 420 is formed in a rear position. The 1 st antenna element 410 is arranged in a point symmetry manner in a plan view, and is a2 nd antenna element 420. That is, the 2 nd antenna element 420 has a component 422 disposed on the rear side of the right end portion of the intermediate cover 300 and a component 424 disposed on the front side. Protruding pieces 422a and 424a for defining the length (long diameter) of the slit 12 are formed on the parts 422 and 424, respectively.
The antenna element 400 is provided with a feeding element 430 as a feeding structure for operating the slot 12 as a slot antenna. The 1 st antenna element 410 is provided with a feeding element 430 on the component 414 disposed on the rear side, and the 2 nd antenna element is provided with a feeding element 430 on the component 424 disposed on the front side. As shown in fig. 5, the feeding element 430 is formed in an L-shape in side view. One end of the feeding element 430 is connected to the lower edge of the antenna element 400 such that the cross section of the one end is parallel to a plane formed by the up-down direction and the front-back direction. The other end portion of the power feeding element 430 is connected to the power feeding line 206 disposed on the substrate 200 such that a cross section of the other end portion is parallel to a plane formed by the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. The connection position of the feed element 430 in the antenna element 400 is a feed position to the slot antenna and is positioned according to the wavelength λ of the frequency to be used.
The outer cover 500 is formed of a synthetic resin having radio wave transmissivity. The exterior cover 500 is a cover for covering the entire upper portion of the vehicle antenna device 10. The center portion of the front surface of the outer cover 500 is cut away so that the connector portion 20 provided on the substrate 200 protrudes from the front. The inner dimension of the outer cover 500 is slightly larger than the outer dimension of the antenna base 100, and the substrate 200, the intermediate cover 300, and the antenna element 400 are disposed in this order above the antenna base 100, and then the outer cover 500 is attached so as to cover the entire parts thereof from above.
The substrate 200 is a double-sided substrate having electronic components mounted on the upper and lower surfaces. Fig. 6 is a diagram for explaining a wiring structure on the upper surface of the substrate 200, and is a plan view schematically showing a part of the substrate 200 as viewed from above. Fig. 7 is a diagram for explaining a wiring structure on the lower surface of the substrate 200, and is a plan view schematically showing a part of the substrate 200 as seen from below. Fig. 6 and 7 show the right end portion of the substrate 200, but the left end portion has the same structure.
As shown in fig. 6, regarding the upper surface of the substrate 200, the central portion in plan view is defined as an electronic circuit arrangement portion 202, and a ground pattern 204 and a feed line 206 for a slot antenna are provided so as to surround the outside of the electronic circuit arrangement portion 202. The electronic circuit arrangement unit 202 is provided with electronic circuits for various antennas such as a power supply circuit, other antenna elements such as a patch antenna, and a signal processing circuit.
In fig. 6, the configuration of the feeding element 430 is shown in dashed lines. In the upper surface of the substrate 200, the feeder line 206 extends from the electronic circuit arrangement portion 202 to the vicinity of the edge of the substrate 200 with which the lower end of the feeder element 430 is in contact. For example, the connection between the power feeding line 206 and the power feeding element 430 is configured such that an insertion port into which the lower end of the power feeding element 430 is inserted into the power feeding line 206 is provided in the substrate 200, and the lower end of the power feeding element 430 is inserted into the insertion port to connect the power feeding element. The connection between the feeder line 206 and the feeder element 430 may be performed by soldering. The two can be electrically connected in any configuration.
An antenna matching circuit 208 is provided in the middle of the feed line 206. The antenna matching circuit 208 is disposed near a connection point between the feed line 206 and the feed element 430. The antenna matching circuit 208 is a circuit for performing impedance matching between the antenna element 400 and a subsequent circuit connected via the feed line 206. The number of frequency bands usable in the in-vehicle antenna device 10 can be increased by the antenna matching circuit 208.
The ground pattern 204 is a region other than the electronic circuit arrangement portion 202, and is formed in a region other than the non-ground region in addition to the arrangement region of the power feeding line 206, the antenna matching circuit 208, and the like. The non-ground region is a region within a predetermined distance from the edge where the antenna element 400 is located, and is a region provided so as to separate the antenna element 400 and the ground pattern 204 by a predetermined distance or more. The predetermined distance depends on the wavelength λ of the frequency in the frequency band usable in the in-vehicle antenna device 10. The ground pattern 204 is formed as a so-called overall pattern in which the entire region is a planar ground electrode for noise countermeasure.
As shown in fig. 7, the lower surface of the substrate 200 is also provided with a ground pattern 214 so as to surround the outside of the electronic circuit arrangement portion 212, with the electronic circuit arrangement portion 212 being the central portion in plan view. The electronic circuit arrangement portion 212 is formed in a region that substantially overlaps with the electronic circuit arrangement portion 202 in the upper surface of the substrate 200 in plan view. The ground pattern 214 extends to the vicinity of the edge of the substrate 200 so as to include a region corresponding to the arrangement region of the feed line 206, the antenna matching circuit 208, and the like on the upper surface of the substrate 200, in addition to a region substantially overlapping the ground pattern 204 on the upper surface of the substrate 200 in plan view. A spring 220 is mounted on the extended region of the ground pattern 214. The mounting position of the spring 220 is desirably a position corresponding to or close to the connection position of the feeding element 430 with the feeding line 206 in the upper surface of the substrate 200. Specifically, it is desirable that the distance between the upper surface position, which is the connection position of the power feeding element 430 and the power feeding line 206, in the upper surface of the substrate 200 and the lower surface position, which is the mounting position of the spring 220, in the lower surface of the substrate 200 is 3cm or less. The ground pattern 204 on the upper surface of the substrate 200 and the ground pattern 214 on the lower surface are electrically connected by through holes provided in any of a plurality of locations, and are equally set to a ground potential.
As described above, the antenna element 400 serving as the upper edge of the slot 12 is supplied with power from the substrate 200 via the power feeding element 430 connected to the antenna element 400 and the power feeding line 206 connected to the power feeding element 430. The edge 104 of the antenna base 100, which is the lower edge of the slot 12, is grounded by electrically connecting the ground pattern 214 on the lower surface of the substrate 200 via the antenna base 100 and the spring 220, both of which are made of metal. Thereby, the slot 12 operates as a slot antenna.
The substrate 200 is disposed between the antenna base 100 and the intermediate cover 300. As described above, the base 200 is elastically supported by the spring 220 and fixed above the claw portion 106 so as to maintain the gap from the antenna base 100. Thus, it can be said that the antenna base is fixed to the antenna base 100 so as to float in the air, and a predetermined height clearance is secured between the antenna base and the antenna base. Therefore, interference with the electronic components mounted on the lower surface of the substrate 200 is suppressed. A gap of a predetermined height is secured above the substrate 200 by the intermediate cover 300. Thus, interference with the electronic components mounted on the upper surface of the substrate 200 is suppressed.
[ Effect of the invention ]
The in-vehicle antenna device 10 includes an antenna element 400, and the antenna element 400 is formed with a slit 12 having an edge 104 of the metal antenna base 100 as a facing edge. Therefore, when the antenna base 100 is arranged in the horizontal direction, the longitudinal direction of the slot 12 is also the direction along the horizontal direction, and the slot 12 can be operated as a slot antenna for vertically polarized waves. The antenna element 400 is supplied with power from the power supply line 206 provided on the substrate 200 via the power supply element 430. Since the substrate 200 is disposed between the antenna base 100 and the intermediate cover 300 so as to face the antenna base 100, a sufficient substrate area can be ensured, and the back of the in-vehicle antenna device 10 can be reduced.
As a feeding method for a slot antenna, a method using a coaxial cable is known. When the slot antenna is fed with a coaxial cable, the core wire of the coaxial cable is directly connected to the metal plate having the slot formed therein to feed power. Therefore, the antenna matching circuit for the slot antenna cannot be perceived, and it is difficult to increase the number of frequency bands usable in the vehicle-mounted antenna device. In order to perform communication in a plurality of frequency bands such as LTE (Long Term Evolution) communication and V2X (Vehicle to X) communication in the in-vehicle antenna device that handles in-vehicle information service, it is desirable to increase the number of frequency bands that can be used in the in-vehicle antenna device.
In the in-vehicle antenna device 10 of the present embodiment, the antenna matching circuit 208 is provided on the substrate 200, so that the number of frequency bands usable in the in-vehicle antenna device 10 can be increased. As described above, according to the present embodiment, in the in-vehicle antenna device 10 having the antenna element 400 constituting the slot antenna, the number of frequency bands usable in the in-vehicle antenna device 10 can be increased.
The embodiment to which the present invention can be applied is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the gist of the present invention.
(A) Spring
For example, the structure shown in fig. 8 may be used to attach the spring 220 between the bottom surface 102 of the antenna base 100 and the substrate 200.
Fig. 8 is a view showing another example of attachment of the spring. As in the main section shown in fig. 5, the main section along the longitudinal direction of the in-vehicle antenna device 10 is a schematic diagram in which the exterior cover 500 and the intermediate cover 300 are omitted for easy understanding of the electrical connection structure. In the example shown in fig. 8, one end of a spring 222 is mounted on the lower surface of the substrate 200 in the region where the ground pattern 214 is formed, and the other end of the spring 222 is connected to the edge 104 of the antenna base 100. The connection position of the rim 104 and the spring 222 is desirably a position close to the lower edge of the slit 12, that is, the upper edge of the rim 104. The spring 222 can be mounted, for example, in a right angle. In this case, one end of the spring 222 is fixedly attached to the substrate 200 in a right angle, and the other end of the spring 222 is connected to the edge 104 of the antenna base 100 by soldering when the antenna device is assembled.
(B) Overall shape of the device
The overall shape of the in-vehicle antenna device 10 is a thin rectangular parallelepiped shape, but may be a polygonal shape in a plan view, or may be another shape such as a cylindrical shape or an elliptic cylindrical shape.
(C) Number of antennas
The in-vehicle antenna device 10 is provided with two slot antennas, but may be provided with three or more slot antennas. For example, the slot antennas may be disposed on the front side surface and/or the rear side surface, or two or more slot antennas may be disposed on one side surface.
(D) Feeding element
One end of the feeding element 430 formed in an L-shape in side view is connected to the lower edge of the antenna element 400 so that the cross section of the one end is parallel to a plane formed by the up-down direction and the front-back direction. The other end portion is connected to a power feeding line 206 disposed on the substrate 200 such that a cross section of the other end portion is parallel to a plane formed by the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. However, one end of the feeding element 430 formed in an L-shape in side view may be connected to the lower edge of the antenna element 400 so that the cross section of the one end is parallel to a plane formed by the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. In this case, the other end portion of the power feeding element 430 is connected to the power feeding line 206 such that a cross section of the other end portion is parallel to a plane formed by the up-down direction and the front-rear direction. One end of the feeding element 430 formed in an L-shape in side view may be connected to the upper surface of the antenna element 400 so that the cross section of the one end is parallel to a plane formed by the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. In this case, the other end portion of the power feeding element 430 is connected to the power feeding line 206 such that a cross section of the other end portion is parallel to a plane formed by the up-down direction and the front-rear direction.
Although the power feeding element 430 is formed in an L-shape in side view, any shape may be used as long as the length of the power feeding element 430 is short. For example, in the case where the feeding element 430 is a linear flat plate, the feeding element 430 may be provided in parallel with the vertical direction, and one end of the feeding element 430 may be connected to the upper surface of the antenna element 400 and the other end may be connected to the feeding line 206. The connection portion between one end of the feeding element 430 and the upper surface portion of the antenna element 400 may be in the vicinity of the slit 14 or may not be in the vicinity of the slit 14.
Although the antenna element 400 is provided with the feeding element 430, the feeding element 430 may be provided in the feeding line 206.
(E) Antenna base
Although the antenna base 100 has the bottom surface 102 and the rim 104, the antenna base 100 may have only the bottom surface 102. In this case, the antenna element 400 is disposed in the intermediate cover 300, and a gap 12 is formed between the antenna element 400 and the side end (edge) of the bottom surface 102 of the opposing antenna base 100.
The disclosure of the present specification can be summarized as follows.
The invention provides a vehicle-mounted antenna device, which comprises an antenna base having a bottom surface portion, a substrate disposed above the bottom surface portion and opposite to the bottom surface portion, and an antenna element disposed on the outer periphery and forming a slot antenna by using the side end of the antenna base as the opposite side of a slot.
According to this aspect, in the vehicle-mounted antenna device having the antenna element constituting the slot antenna, the back can be reduced. A slot antenna is formed with the side end of the antenna base as the opposite side. Therefore, when the bottom portion is disposed in the horizontal direction, the longitudinal direction of the slot antenna is also a direction along the horizontal direction, and a gain in the horizontal direction can be obtained as the slot antenna. The substrate is disposed above the bottom surface portion so as to face the antenna base, and therefore the back of the vehicle-mounted antenna device can be reduced.
The substrate may have an antenna matching circuit, and the antenna matching circuit may be disposed near a power feeding portion of the antenna element.
Accordingly, the antenna matching circuit can be disposed close to the feed portion of the antenna element, so that transmission loss between the slot antenna and the antenna matching circuit can be reduced, and the antenna characteristics of the slot antenna can be maintained satisfactorily.
The antenna element may have a1 st antenna element disposed on a1 st direction side and a2 nd antenna element disposed on a2 nd direction side opposite to the 1 st direction side.
Thus, the two slot antennas can be provided in the vehicle-mounted antenna device, and the two slot antennas face opposite sides to each other, so that interference between the two slot antennas can be suppressed.
The substrate may have a power supply line, an electronic circuit arrangement portion, and a ground pattern, and the power supply line may electrically connect the electronic circuit arrangement portion and the antenna element.
Thus, the feeder line, the electronic circuit arrangement portion, and the ground pattern can be arranged on the substrate. Therefore, the effect of suppressing the emission of noise to the outside can be obtained while being less susceptible to the influence of noise from the outside.
An elastic support portion may be provided to elastically support the substrate with respect to the bottom surface portion.
Thus, the elastic support portion can elastically support the substrate with respect to the bottom surface portion. Although electronic circuits are often mounted on the upper surface of the substrate, the electronic circuits can be mounted on both surfaces of the substrate because both surfaces of the substrate can be supported in a state of being lifted.
The elastic support portion may be made of metal, and may be configured to electrically connect the ground pattern of the substrate and the antenna base via the elastic support portion.
Thus, the ground pattern of the substrate and the antenna base can be electrically connected via the metal elastic support portion.
The distance between the feeding portion of the antenna element and the portion in contact with the substrate and the elastic support portion may be 3cm or less.
Thus, the feeding portion of the antenna element and the portion in contact with the substrate and the elastic support portion are brought into close proximity, and the antenna characteristics of the slot antenna can be maintained well when the antenna element is grounded via the elastic support portion.
The antenna base may have an edge portion provided to stand from the bottom surface portion, and the elastic support portion may be connected to the edge portion.
Thus, the elastic support portion is connected to the edge portion provided to stand from the bottom surface portion. Since the distance of the ground path can be shortened, deterioration of the antenna characteristics related to the ground path can be reduced.
The antenna element may have a slit.
Thus, the antenna element has a slit. The number of usable frequency bands can be increased as compared with the case where the antenna element does not have a slit, and the number of frequency bands used in the vehicle-mounted antenna device can be increased.
The antenna element may be used for vehicle information service.
Thus, the in-vehicle antenna device can cope with in-vehicle information services.
Description of the reference numerals
Vehicle, 3, roof, 5, recess, 7, cover
Vehicle-mounted antenna device
12. Slit, slit slit
Connector part
Antenna base
102. Bottom face, 104. rim
Substrate
202. 212. An electronic circuit arrangement section
204. Ground pattern
206..Feed line, 208..antenna matching circuit
Spring
Intermediate cover
400. Antenna element
410..1 St antenna element, 420..2 nd antenna element
Feeding element
Packaging cover.
Claims (10)
1. An in-vehicle antenna device includes:
an antenna base having a bottom portion;
A substrate disposed above the bottom surface portion and facing the bottom surface portion;
an intermediate cover covering the substrate, and
An antenna element which is disposed on the outer periphery of the intermediate cover and forms a slot antenna by using the side end of the antenna base as the opposite side of the slot,
The intermediate cover is formed of a synthetic resin having insulation properties,
The antenna element is a metal member formed by sheet metal working a metal plate, and is another member with respect to the intermediate cover.
2. The vehicle-mounted antenna device according to claim 1, wherein,
The substrate is provided with an antenna matching circuit,
The antenna matching circuit is disposed near a feed portion of the antenna element.
3. The vehicle-mounted antenna device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
The antenna element has:
1 st antenna element disposed on 1 st direction side, and
And a2 nd antenna element disposed on a2 nd direction side opposite to the 1 st direction side.
4. The vehicle-mounted antenna device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
The substrate has a feeder line, an electronic circuit arrangement portion, and a ground pattern,
The feed line electrically connects the electronic circuit arrangement unit and the antenna element.
5. The vehicle-mounted antenna device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
An elastic support portion is provided for elastically supporting the substrate with respect to the bottom surface portion.
6. The vehicle-mounted antenna device according to claim 5, wherein,
The elastic supporting portion is made of metal,
The ground pattern of the substrate and the antenna base are electrically connected via the elastic support portion.
7. The vehicle-mounted antenna device according to claim 5, wherein,
The distance between the feeding part of the antenna element and the part where the substrate and the elastic supporting part are abutted is less than or equal to 3 cm.
8. The vehicle-mounted antenna device according to claim 5, wherein,
The antenna base has an edge portion provided to stand up from the bottom surface portion,
The elastic support portion is connected to the rim portion.
9. The vehicle-mounted antenna device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
The antenna element has a slit.
10. The vehicle-mounted antenna device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
The antenna element is used for vehicle-mounted information service.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019-012176 | 2019-01-28 | ||
| JP2019012176 | 2019-01-28 | ||
| PCT/JP2020/002371 WO2020158578A1 (en) | 2019-01-28 | 2020-01-23 | Vehicle-mounted antenna device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113330638A CN113330638A (en) | 2021-08-31 |
| CN113330638B true CN113330638B (en) | 2025-03-11 |
Family
ID=71841011
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202080010108.2A Active CN113330638B (en) | 2019-01-28 | 2020-01-23 | Vehicle-mounted antenna device |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12199332B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3920321A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP7523359B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN113330638B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020158578A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020158578A1 (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2020-08-06 | 株式会社ヨコオ | Vehicle-mounted antenna device |
| JP2022114344A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-08-05 | 株式会社ヨコオ | antenna device |
| WO2022201851A1 (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-09-29 | 株式会社ヨコオ | Antenna device |
| DE102021207205A1 (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2023-01-12 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Radar system for detecting the surroundings of a motor vehicle |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2020158578A1 (en) | 2021-12-02 |
| CN113330638A (en) | 2021-08-31 |
| US12199332B2 (en) | 2025-01-14 |
| JP7523359B2 (en) | 2024-07-26 |
| EP3920321A4 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
| WO2020158578A1 (en) | 2020-08-06 |
| US20220059923A1 (en) | 2022-02-24 |
| EP3920321A1 (en) | 2021-12-08 |
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