CN113417799A - Auxiliary starting device for support arm of vertical axis wind turbine - Google Patents
Auxiliary starting device for support arm of vertical axis wind turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113417799A CN113417799A CN202110751537.1A CN202110751537A CN113417799A CN 113417799 A CN113417799 A CN 113417799A CN 202110751537 A CN202110751537 A CN 202110751537A CN 113417799 A CN113417799 A CN 113417799A
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- support arm
- wind turbine
- vertical axis
- rotating shaft
- starting device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor the axis being vertical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/06—Rotors
- F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D3/064—Fixing wind engaging parts to rest of rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种垂直轴风力机支臂辅助启动装置，其包括：风力机转轴，风力机转轴竖直设置，且风力机转轴的底部旋转连接有风力机底座；支臂上部件，一端与风力机转轴相连接，支臂上部件的另一端与叶片相连接；支臂下部件，旋转连接在支臂上部件的下表面，支臂下部件能够相对于支臂上部件旋转打开或收起，当支臂下部件处于打开状态时，支臂下部件自然下垂并与支臂上部件形成一夹角，当支臂下部件处于收起状态时，支臂下部件收入到支臂上部件内；锁紧单元，设置在支臂上部件和支臂下部件上。本发明启动性能相对更好,且使得支臂下部件在高叶尖速比时的阻力矩大幅降低，消除了传统升阻混合型风力机阻力矩过大的问题。
The invention discloses an auxiliary starting device for a support arm of a vertical axis wind turbine, which comprises: a wind turbine rotating shaft, the wind turbine rotating shaft is vertically arranged, and the bottom of the wind turbine rotating shaft is rotatably connected with a wind turbine base; The rotating shaft of the wind turbine is connected, and the other end of the upper part of the support arm is connected with the blade; the lower part of the support arm is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the upper part of the support arm, and the lower part of the support arm can be rotated relative to the upper part of the support arm to open or retract , when the lower part of the support arm is in the open state, the lower part of the support arm hangs down naturally and forms an angle with the upper part of the support arm; when the lower part of the support arm is in the retracted state, the lower part of the support arm is received into the upper part of the support arm ; The locking unit is arranged on the upper part of the support arm and the lower part of the support arm. The invention has relatively better starting performance, and greatly reduces the drag torque of the lower part of the support arm when the blade tip speed ratio is high, eliminating the problem of excessive drag torque of the traditional lift-drag hybrid wind turbine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind turbines, in particular to an auxiliary starting device for a support arm of a vertical axis wind turbine.
Background
Wind energy has become an important component of global clean energy. Wind turbines are key devices for converting wind energy into electric energy, and can be divided into two types according to the relationship between a rotating shaft and a wind direction: the wind turbine comprises a first horizontal axis wind turbine and a second vertical axis wind turbine. Compared with a horizontal shaft wind turbine, the vertical shaft wind turbine has the advantages of convenience in installation, operation and maintenance, low manufacturing cost, low operation noise, no need of wind alignment, constant stress and the like, and is particularly suitable for multiple buildings and multiple-obstacle areas of cities, villages and the like with relatively severe wind direction changes. The vertical axis wind turbine can be divided into a resistance type and a lift type according to the stress form of the blades of the wind turbine; the resistance type vertical axis wind turbine pushes the wind wheel to rotate by utilizing the airflow pressure difference, is suitable for a low wind speed area, and the resistance is increased greatly when the wind speed is higher, so that the wind energy utilization rate (namely the efficiency of converting wind energy into electric energy) of the wind turbine is not more than 30% at most.
The lift force type vertical axis wind turbine utilizes the tangential component of the lift force of the blades to generate torque to drive the wind wheel to rotate, the wind energy utilization rate of the lift force type vertical axis wind turbine is high, and the wind energy utilization rate of the large-scale lift force type vertical axis wind turbine can be even close to that of a horizontal axis wind turbine (more than 40%). However, the lift force type wind turbine has poor starting performance due to the operation mode, and even cannot be started by itself when the wind speed is low. Therefore, a scholars combines the two types of vertical axis wind turbines to design a lift-drag hybrid vertical axis wind turbine.
However, most of the conventional designs are simple combinations, and only the resistance type savonius wind turbine is installed in the middle of the rotating shaft of the lift type darrieus wind turbine or installed at the bottom and the top of the rotating shaft. Although the lift-drag hybrid wind turbine can increase the starting torque to a certain extent, the size of the resistance wind turbine is usually smaller than that of the lift wind turbine, so that the blade moment arm of the resistance wind turbine is shorter, and the generated starting torque is insufficient. In addition, when the lift-drag hybrid wind turbine operates at a relatively high rotating speed, the resistance type wind turbine at the rotating shaft can generate a large resistance and a large-scale wake shedding vortex, and the power generation performance of the wind turbine is seriously influenced. And installing a resistance-type wind turbine on the top or bottom of a lift-type wind turbine would increase the height of the tower additionally, which is not economical as increasing the length of the blade to generate more power generation.
Meanwhile, the traditional lift-drag hybrid wind turbine can generate a large-scale shedding vortex at the center of a wind wheel, and the existence of the vortex can cause the blade running to the rear of the tower to suffer from strong turbulence, so that the power generation capacity of the blade in the rear half period is seriously influenced. The total moment of the lift-drag hybrid wind turbine in the rear half period is lower than that of the lift-type wind turbine, so that the power generation amount of the lift-type wind turbine is inferior to that of the common lift-type wind turbine in high tip speed ratio. Therefore, the current lift-drag hybrid vertical axis wind turbine has certain technical defects.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the technical problems, a supporting arm auxiliary starting device for a vertical axis wind turbine is needed, wherein the supporting arm auxiliary starting device can improve the self-starting performance of a lift type vertical axis wind turbine and eliminate high-resistance moment caused by a resistance type wind turbine under the condition of high tip speed ratio.
An auxiliary starting device for a support arm of a vertical axis wind turbine comprises:
the wind turbine rotating shaft is vertically arranged, and the bottom of the wind turbine rotating shaft is rotatably connected with a wind turbine base;
one end of the support arm upper part is connected with the wind turbine rotating shaft, and the other end of the support arm upper part is connected with the blade;
the lower support arm part is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the upper support arm part and can rotate to open or retract relative to the upper support arm part, when the lower support arm part is in an open state, the lower support arm part naturally sags and forms an included angle with the upper support arm part, and when the lower support arm part is in a retracted state, the lower support arm part is retracted into the upper support arm part;
and the locking unit is arranged on the upper support arm component and the lower support arm component, and can lock the upper support arm component on the lower support arm component when the lower support arm component is in a retracted state.
In one embodiment, the lower surface of the upper arm part is provided with a groove, a rotating shaft is arranged in the groove and close to the front edge of the upper arm part, and one end of the lower arm part is rotatably connected with the upper arm part through the rotating shaft.
In one embodiment, the arm upper member and the arm lower member form an airfoil section when the arm lower member is in the stowed position.
In one embodiment, the locking unit comprises an electromagnet, a metal sheet and a lead, the electromagnet is fixed on the upper part of the support arm and is connected with an external power supply through the lead, the metal sheet is fixed on the lower part of the support arm, and the electromagnet can magnetically attract the metal sheet after being electrified.
In one embodiment, the electromagnet is fixed to the upper surface of the upper member of the arm.
In one embodiment, the other end of the upper part of the support arm is connected with the blade through a connecting piece, and two ends of the connecting piece are respectively sleeved on the upper part of the support arm and the blade.
In one embodiment, the angle of rotation of the upper arm part relative to the lower arm part is 0-90 °.
The auxiliary starting device for the support arm of the vertical axis wind turbine has the following beneficial effects:
1) under the condition of low tip speed ratio, the lower part of the supporting arm naturally sags under the action of gravity, so that the wind area is increased, a structure similar to a resistance type wind turbine is formed, and the starting torque is increased. And because the lower part of the support arm extends from the rotating shaft of the wind turbine to the blade, the force arm of the lower part of the support arm is longer than that of the common resistance wind turbine, and therefore, the starting performance is relatively better.
2) Under high apex velocity ratio, the part has increased reverse thrust because of the rotational speed increases under the support arm, orders about the part and packs up automatically gradually under the support arm, and cooperation locking unit realizes packing up completely to make the part resistance moment of part when high apex velocity ratio under the support arm reduce by a wide margin, eliminated traditional lift and hinder the too big problem of mixed type wind turbine resistance moment.
3) The support arm lower component realizes an auxiliary starting function by utilizing the self gravity and the mechanical structure model, and is only adsorbed by the electromagnet when being folded, so that the complex structure of the traditional mechanical control method is avoided, the complexity is reduced, the risk of mechanical failure is reduced, and the implementation is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an auxiliary starting device for a support arm of a vertical axis wind turbine according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the partial structure of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lower arm member of the present invention in an open position;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the upper arm member of the present invention in a rotationally accelerated state;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the lower arm member of the present invention in a stowed position.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides an auxiliary starting device for a vertical axis wind turbine support arm, including: the wind turbine comprises a wind turbine rotating shaft 1, a support arm upper part 2, a support arm lower part 3 and a locking unit 4.
The wind turbine rotating shaft 1 is vertically arranged, and the bottom of the wind turbine rotating shaft 1 is rotatably connected with a wind turbine base 5; one end of the support arm upper part 2 is connected with the wind turbine rotating shaft 1, and the other end of the support arm upper part 2 is connected with the blade 6; the lower support arm part 3 is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the upper support arm part 2, the lower support arm part 3 can be rotatably opened or folded relative to the upper support arm part 2, when the lower support arm part 3 is in an opened state, the lower support arm part 3 naturally droops and forms an included angle with the upper support arm part 2, and when the lower support arm part 3 is in a folded state, the lower support arm part 3 is retracted into the upper support arm part 2; the locking unit 4 is provided on the upper arm member 2 and the lower arm member 3, and when the lower arm member 3 is in the retracted state, the locking unit 4 can lock the upper arm member 2 to the lower arm member 3.
In the invention, under the action of incoming wind, the drooping lower part 3 of the supporting arm generates thrust to assist the starting of the wind turbine. When the rotating speed of the wind turbine is gradually increased after starting, the lower support arm component 3 is retracted under the action of the acting force opposite to the rotating direction, and when the rotating speed is increased to a specific value, the locking unit 4 enables the upper support arm component 2 and the lower support arm component 3 to be combined into a wing-shaped structure, so that the resistance of the wind turbine is reduced.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the lower surface of the upper arm part 2 has a groove 21, a rotation shaft 7 is disposed in the groove 21 near the front edge of the upper arm part 2, and one end of the lower arm part 3 is rotatably connected to the upper arm part 2 via the rotation shaft 7. In this embodiment, the depth of the groove 21 is adapted to the lower arm part 3, and the length of the groove 21 is adapted to the length of the upper arm part 2.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the lower arm part 3 is in the retracted state, the upper arm part 2 and the lower arm part 3 form a wing-shaped cross section. In this way, the resisting moment can be reduced.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the locking unit 4 includes an electromagnet 41, a metal sheet 42 and a conducting wire 43, the electromagnet 41 is fixed on the upper arm part 2, the electromagnet 41 is connected to an external power source through the conducting wire 43, the metal sheet 42 is fixed on the lower arm part 3, and the electromagnet 41 can magnetically attract the metal sheet 42 after being powered on.
Alternatively, the electromagnet 41 is fixed to the upper surface of the arm upper member 2.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the other end of the upper arm part 2 is connected to the blade 6 through a connecting member 8, and two ends of the connecting member 8 are respectively sleeved on the upper arm part 2 and the blade 6.
Optionally, the angle of rotation of the upper arm part 2 relative to the lower arm part 3 is 0-90 °.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the wind turbine is not started and is in a static state, the lower part 3 of the support arm naturally droops to generate thrust under the action of incoming wind, and the maximum rotation angle of the structure is 90 degrees and the arm of force is long, so that the support arm generates large rotation torque to push the vertical axis wind turbine to start. In addition, when the incoming wind acts on one of the blades 6 to generate thrust, the other blades 6 can rotate in the opposite direction to be folded under the action of the incoming wind, so that the resistance moment of the support arm is reduced. In the traditional lift-drag hybrid wind turbine, although the resistance type blade on one side provides the starting torque in the starting stage, the resistance type blade on the other side generates the resistance torque, so that the starting efficiency is relatively low.
Once the vertical axis wind turbine starts to start, the rotation speed of the wind wheel is continuously increased, so that the relative speed of the support arm is greater than the incoming wind, and therefore, the lower support arm part 3 rotates around the rotating shaft 7 to be gradually retracted. When the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 1 of the wind turbine is increased to a certain stage, the lower support arm part 3 is completely retracted, and at the moment, the electromagnet 41 is controlled by the system to be electrified, so that the lower support arm part 3 is completely attached to the upper support arm part 2, and a complete wing-shaped shape is formed. Therefore, the drag torque of the vertical axis wind turbine at a high tip speed ratio can be reduced to the minimum.
In summary, the invention has the advantages that:
1) under the condition of low tip speed ratio, the lower part 3 of the support arm naturally droops under the action of gravity, so that the wind area is increased, a structure similar to a resistance type wind turbine is formed, and the starting torque is increased. And because the lower arm part 3 extends from the rotating shaft 1 of the wind turbine to the blade 6, the force arm of the lower arm part 3 is longer than that of a common resistance wind turbine, and therefore, the starting performance is relatively better.
2) Under high apex velocity ratio, support arm lower part 3 has increased reverse thrust because of the rotational speed increases, orders about under the support arm part 3 and packs up automatically gradually, and cooperation locking unit 4 realizes packing up completely to make support arm lower part 3 reduce by a wide margin the moment of resistance when high apex velocity ratio, eliminated traditional lift and hinder the too big problem of mixed type wind turbine moment of resistance.
3) The lower part 3 of the support arm realizes an auxiliary starting function by utilizing the self gravity and the mechanical structure model, and when the lower part is folded, the lower part is only adsorbed by the electromagnet 41, so that the complex structure of the traditional mechanical control method is avoided, the complexity is reduced, the risk of mechanical failure is reduced, and the implementation is facilitated.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-described examples merely represent several embodiments of the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110751537.1A CN113417799A (en) | 2021-07-02 | 2021-07-02 | Auxiliary starting device for support arm of vertical axis wind turbine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110751537.1A CN113417799A (en) | 2021-07-02 | 2021-07-02 | Auxiliary starting device for support arm of vertical axis wind turbine |
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| CN113417799A true CN113417799A (en) | 2021-09-21 |
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| CN202110751537.1A Pending CN113417799A (en) | 2021-07-02 | 2021-07-02 | Auxiliary starting device for support arm of vertical axis wind turbine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115045799A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-13 | 上海理工大学 | A vertical axis wind turbine with arm brake with auxiliary starting assembly |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101737252A (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2010-06-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Auxiliary starting device for vertical axis wind turbine |
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2021
- 2021-07-02 CN CN202110751537.1A patent/CN113417799A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101737252A (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2010-06-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Auxiliary starting device for vertical axis wind turbine |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115045799A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-13 | 上海理工大学 | A vertical axis wind turbine with arm brake with auxiliary starting assembly |
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Application publication date: 20210921 |
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