CN113425373B - A vascular thrombectomy device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a vascular thrombus taking device which comprises a suction catheter for sucking thrombus, a thrombus taking device for crushing the thrombus and a blocking structure for blocking the blood vessel of the region where the thrombus is located through self expansion. When the vascular thrombus removing device provided by the invention is used for thrombus removing operation, the blocking structure can be firstly stretched into the region where thrombus is located, then the blocking structure is expanded, then the blood vessel where the thrombus is located is blocked, and the flow of blood at the position where the thrombus is located is temporarily slowed down or blocked. Then the thrombus taking operation can be carried out through the thrombus taking device and the suction catheter. At this time, the blood flow at the part where the thrombus is located is slow or stops flowing, so that the suction amount of the blood can be effectively reduced when the suction catheter sucks the thrombus, and the blood loss of a patient is prevented.

Description

A vascular thrombectomy device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of medical devices, in particular to the field of interventional medical devices, and specifically to a vascular thrombectomy device.

Background Art

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) includes two forms: pulmonary thromboembolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). PE and DVT have the same risk factors, and more than 95% of emboli originate from the lower limbs. PE and DVT are two clinical manifestations of VTE in different parts and stages.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) refers to abnormal coagulation of blood in the deep vein cavity, which blocks the vein lumen, causes venous reflux obstruction, and causes varying degrees of deep vein insufficiency. Thrombosis of the lower limbs and inferior vena cava is the most common, especially iliac-femoral vein thrombosis. If patients do not receive timely and effective treatment, it will lead to lower limb congestion and pigmentation. In severe cases, it can cause femoral cyanosis and limb ischemia and necrosis. Patients lose part or all of their labor force. In addition, more than 50% of patients will have deep venous insufficiency in the lower limbs, which will affect their quality of life for a long time, and even cause pulmonary embolism and death. It has become a common disease that poses a great threat to human health.

Pulmonary thromboembolism (PE) refers to a disease caused by a blood clot originating from the venous system or the right heart blocking the pulmonary artery or its branches. It is characterized by pulmonary circulation (including right heart) and respiratory dysfunction as the main clinical manifestations and pathophysiological features. It is the most common type of pulmonary embolism.

There are currently three forms of treatment for venous thromboembolism: (1) Drug anticoagulation therapy: Drug anticoagulation therapy can effectively prevent the re-formation and recurrence of thrombosis. Commonly used anticoagulants include ordinary heparin, low molecular weight heparin and warfarin. (2) Catheter thrombolysis: Currently, catheter thrombolysis is the main treatment for deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities. Thrombolytic drugs include urokinase, streptokinase, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, etc. It is suitable for patients in the acute stage, with no contraindications to thrombolysis, severe deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities and pulmonary embolism. (3) Surgical thrombectomy: Surgical thrombectomy is suitable for patients with severe deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities, such as iliac and femoral vein thrombosis, and femoral cerulea. During surgery, attention should be paid to the treatment of iliac vein compression.

During surgical thrombectomy, some existing technologies use mechanical thrombus ablation within the vein, that is, using thrombus negative pressure aspiration or thrombus crushing device to remove the thrombus.

When using negative pressure aspiration to extract thrombus, the thrombus can be sucked into the catheter once or multiple times through simple operations to allow blood to circulate at the lesion. Generally, the thrombus at the lesion site cannot be completely removed at one time, and the doctor needs to perform multiple catheter aspirations. Therefore, as the number of aspirations increases, the amount of thrombus extracted each time decreases, but the amount of blood aspirated increases. In addition, due to the different degrees of curvature of human blood vessels, it is impossible to ensure that the doctor's aspiration catheter is completely aligned with the thrombus at the lesion during the aspiration process, which may result in accidental pure aspiration of blood, which will cause excessive blood loss in the patient. However, if the patient's blood loss is reduced by reducing the size of the aspiration catheter, the aspiration effect of the thrombus will be weakened, and the number of aspirations will even increase, and damage to the patient cannot be avoided. Especially for the aspiration of pulmonary thrombus, since the aspiration site of the thrombus is close to the vascular branch, the thrombus can easily shift during the process, or slide from the left branch into the right branch, which directly increases the difficulty of subsequent aspiration.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a vascular thrombectomy device, which can effectively reduce the amount of blood drawn during surgical thrombectomy.

The present invention provides a vascular thrombectomy device, which can effectively reduce the amount of blood drawn during surgical thrombectomy.

The present invention provides a vascular thrombus removal device, comprising a suction catheter for aspirating thrombi, a thrombus remover for crushing the thrombi, and a blocking structure for blocking the blood vessel in the area where the thrombi are located by self-expansion.

Furthermore, the blocking structure includes at least one of a proximal blocking structure for blocking the thrombus toward the surgical intervention port and a distal blocking structure for blocking the thrombus away from the surgical intervention port.

Furthermore, the vascular thrombectomy device also includes a blocking control unit, which is connected to the blocking structure and controls the expansion of the blocking structure.

Furthermore, the blocking structure includes a proximal blocking structure for blocking the thrombus toward the surgical intervention port, and the proximal blocking structure is arranged on the outer wall of the suction catheter. The blocking control part includes a proximal blocking control part, and the proximal blocking control part is connected to the proximal blocking structure and controls the expansion of the proximal blocking structure.

Furthermore, the proximal blocking structure is a proximal balloon, and the proximal blocking control unit that controls the proximal blocking structure is a proximal filling catheter connected to the proximal balloon. The proximal balloon of the proximal blocking structure is arranged on the outer wall of the suction catheter, and a pipe is formed in the tube wall of the suction catheter. The proximal filling catheter is arranged in the pipe and is connected to the proximal balloon of the proximal blocking structure after passing through the tube wall of the suction catheter, or the proximal filling catheter corresponding to the proximal balloon of the proximal blocking structure is connected to the proximal balloon of the proximal blocking structure from outside the suction catheter.

Furthermore, the proximal blocking structure is a proximal self-expanding stent and a flexible membrane covering the proximal self-expanding stent, the proximal blocking control unit that controls the proximal blocking structure includes a proximal outer sheath, the proximal self-expanding stent is arranged on the outer side wall of the suction catheter, the proximal outer sheath is movably arranged outside the suction catheter along the axial direction of the suction catheter, and when the proximal self-expanding stent is not expanded, the proximal self-expanding stent is clamped between the proximal outer sheath and the suction catheter.

Furthermore, the proximal blocking structure is a proximal self-expanding polymer elastic structure, and the proximal blocking control unit that controls the proximal blocking structure includes a proximal outer sheath, and the proximal outer sheath is movably mounted outside the suction catheter along the axial direction of the suction catheter. When the proximal self-expanding polymer elastic structure is not expanded, the proximal self-expanding polymer elastic structure is clamped between the proximal outer sheath and the suction catheter.

Furthermore, the blocking structure includes a distal blocking structure for blocking the thrombus away from the side of the surgical intervention port, and the blocking control unit includes a distal blocking control unit, which controls the expansion of the distal blocking structure. The distal blocking control unit passes through the lumen of the suction catheter and is connected to the distal blocking structure. When performing a thrombectomy, a suction space is formed between the distal blocking structure and the end of the suction catheter.

Furthermore, the distal blocking structure is a distal balloon, and the distal blocking control unit that controls the distal blocking structure is a distal filling catheter connected to the distal balloon, and the distal filling catheter passes through the lumen of the suction catheter and is connected to the distal balloon of the distal blocking structure.

Furthermore, the distal blocking structure is a distal self-expanding stent and a flexible membrane covering the distal self-expanding stent, and the distal blocking control unit that controls the distal blocking structure includes a distal outer sheath and a support rod, the distal self-expanding stent is arranged on the support rod, and the distal outer sheath is movably mounted outside the support rod along the length direction of the support rod, and when the distal self-expanding stent is not expanded, the distal self-expanding stent is clamped between the distal outer sheath and the support rod.

Furthermore, the distal blocking structure is a distal self-expanding polymer elastic structure, and the distal blocking control unit that controls the distal blocking structure includes a distal outer sheath and a support rod, the distal self-expanding polymer elastic structure is arranged outside the support rod, and the distal outer sheath is movably sleeved outside the suction catheter along the axial direction of the suction catheter, and when the distal self-expanding polymer elastic structure is not expanded, the distal self-expanding polymer elastic structure is clamped between the distal outer sheath and the support rod.

Furthermore, the thrombus remover includes a hollow grid structure, a delivery rod and a first outer sheath tube for compressing and accommodating the hollow grid structure, the hollow grid structure is connected to the delivery rod, the first outer sheath tube is movably mounted outside the delivery rod along the axial direction of the delivery rod, the terminal position of the first outer sheath tube moving in the direction of the hollow grid structure in the axial direction of the delivery rod at least partially overlaps with the hollow grid structure, when the first outer sheath tube is mounted outside the hollow grid structure, the first outer sheath tube compresses and grips the hollow grid structure, and the hollow grid structure radially expands after the external restraint is released.

Furthermore, the thrombus remover includes a cutting blade, a protective net, a delivery rod and a first outer sheath tube, the cutting blade is connected to the delivery rod, the protective net is arranged outside the cutting blade, and the first outer sheath tube is movably sleeved outside the delivery rod along the axial direction of the delivery rod. When the first outer sheath tube is sleeved on the protective net, the first outer sheath tube accommodates the cutting blade and compresses the protective net, and the protective net expands radially after the external restraint is released.

Furthermore, the thrombus remover includes an umbrella-shaped net bag, a plurality of connecting rods, a conveying rod and a first outer sheath tube, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the umbrella-shaped net bag, and the other end is connected to the conveying rod, an arc portion is formed on the edge of the umbrella-shaped net bag between the two connecting rods, and the first outer sheath tube is movably mounted outside the conveying rod along the axial direction of the conveying rod. When the first outer sheath tube is mounted on the umbrella-shaped net bag, the umbrella-shaped net bag is pressed and gripped, and the umbrella-shaped net bag radially expands after the external restraint is released.

Furthermore, the vascular thrombectomy device includes a first intercepting portion, which is arranged on a side of the distal blocking structure away from the suction catheter.

Furthermore, the vascular thrombectomy device also includes a second intercepting portion, and the second intercepting portion is arranged at the end of the suction catheter.

Furthermore, the proximal balloon is composed of a plurality of sub-balloons, and the plurality of sub-balloons are sequentially arranged on the outer side wall of the suction catheter along the circumference of the suction catheter, and each of the sub-balloons is respectively connected to one of the filling catheters.

Furthermore, the proximal balloon is an asymmetric balloon.

Furthermore, the vascular thrombus removal device also includes a traction wire for controlling the orientation of the end of the suction catheter, and a traction wire lumen for the traction wire to pass through is formed in the tube wall of the suction catheter.

In summary, in the present invention, when performing a thrombectomy, the blocking structure can be first extended into the area where the thrombus is located, and then the blocking control unit can be used to control the blocking structure to expand the blocking structure, thereby blocking the blood vessel where the thrombus is located, temporarily slowing down or blocking the blood flow at the location where the thrombus is located. Then the thrombectomy operation can be performed using the thrombus remover and the suction catheter. Since the blood flow at the location of the thrombus is slow or stops at this time, it can effectively reduce the amount of blood sucked when the suction catheter sucks the thrombus, thereby preventing the patient from losing too much blood. Furthermore, it can also block the broken thrombus to prevent the thrombus from shifting its position as the blood flows after the thrombus is broken.

Furthermore, by improving the occlusion control unit and the thrombus remover related structures, the thrombus 91 can be cleared more thoroughly.

Furthermore, by improving the proximal balloon structure, the proximal balloon can be eccentrically filled according to the direction of the blood vessel, so that the suction catheter can better suction the thrombus.

Furthermore, by providing the first interception net and/or the second interception net, it is possible to better prevent the broken thrombus from escaping outwards.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the following specifically cites a preferred embodiment and describes it in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vascular thrombectomy device provided in a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the proximal end blocking structure in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the suction catheter in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the distal blocking structure in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the thrombus remover in FIG. 1 .

6 to 12 are schematic structural diagrams showing the various steps of surgical thrombectomy using the vascular thrombectomy device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a vascular thrombectomy device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the proximal blocking structure in FIG. 13 .

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a thrombus remover in a vascular thrombus remover provided in a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a surgical thrombectomy using the vascular thrombectomy device in FIG. 15 .

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a thrombus remover in a vascular thrombus remover provided in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a vascular thrombectomy device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a vascular thrombectomy device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a vascular thrombectomy device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing the cross-sectional structure of the suction catheter in FIG. 20 .

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the cross-sectional structure of the suction catheter in the vascular thrombectomy device provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the proximal blocking structure provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention when it is uniformly expanded.

FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of the proximal blocking structure provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention when it is eccentrically expanded.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention provides a vascular thrombectomy device, which can effectively reduce the amount of blood drawn during surgical thrombectomy.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vascular thrombus removal device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the proximal blocking structure in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the suction catheter in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distal blocking structure in Fig. 1, and Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thrombus removal device in Fig. 1. As shown in Figs. 1 to 5, the vascular thrombus removal device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention includes a suction catheter 10 for suctioning a thrombus 91, a thrombus removal device 20 for crushing the thrombus 91, and a blocking structure 30 for blocking a blood vessel 92 in the area where the thrombus 91 is located by self-expansion.

In this embodiment, when performing a thrombus removal operation using the vascular thrombus removal device of this embodiment, the blocking structure 30 can be first extended into the area where the thrombus 91 is located, and then the blocking structure 30 can be expanded to block the blood vessel 92 where the thrombus 91 is located, temporarily slowing down or blocking the flow of blood at the location of the thrombus 91. Then the thrombus removal operation can be performed using the thrombus removal device 20 and the suction catheter 10. Since the blood flow at the location of the thrombus 91 is slow or stops at this time, it can effectively reduce the amount of blood suctioned when the suction catheter 10 suctions the thrombus 91, thereby preventing the patient from losing too much blood. Furthermore, it can also block the broken thrombus 91 to prevent the thrombus 91 from moving with the blood flow after the thrombus 91 is broken.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the blocking structure 30 includes a proximal blocking structure 31 for blocking the side of the thrombus 91 toward the surgical access port (such as the left side in FIG. 1 ) and/or a distal blocking structure 32 for blocking the side of the thrombus 91 away from the surgical access port (such as the right side in FIG. 1 ). That is, during the thrombectomy, the proximal blocking structure 31 can be used to block the blood vessel 92 from the side of the thrombus 91 toward the surgical access port; the distal blocking structure 32 can also be used to block the blood vessel 92 from the side of the thrombus 91 away from the surgical access port; and the proximal blocking structure 31 and the distal blocking structure 32 can also be used simultaneously to block the blood vessel 92 from both sides of the thrombus 91. Furthermore, in order to facilitate the positioning of the blocking structure 30, a developing point is also provided in the blocking structure 30.

Furthermore, in order to facilitate the control of the blocking structure 30, the vascular thrombectomy device also includes a blocking control unit for controlling the expansion and contraction of the blocking structure 30. More specifically, the blocking control unit includes a proximal blocking control unit 41 (see FIG. 3 ) for controlling the proximal blocking structure 31, and a distal blocking control unit 42 (see FIG. 1 ) for controlling the distal blocking structure 32.

In this embodiment, the blocking structure 30 may be a balloon. In the following, for the sake of distinction, the balloon corresponding to the proximal blocking structure 31 is referred to as a proximal balloon, and the balloon corresponding to the distal blocking structure 32 is referred to as a distal balloon. The blocking control unit 40 may be a filling catheter. Similarly, in the following, the filling catheter corresponding to the proximal blocking control unit 41 is referred to as a proximal filling catheter, and the filling catheter corresponding to the distal blocking control unit 41 is referred to as a distal filling catheter.

2, in this embodiment, the thrombus remover 20 is disposed in the lumen of the aspiration catheter 10, and the thrombus remover 20 passes through the lumen of the aspiration catheter 10 to reach the location of the thrombus 91 and breaks up the thrombus 91. The proximal blocking structure 31 is disposed on the outer wall of the aspiration catheter 10 to avoid blocking the aspiration catheter 10.

Further, the proximal blocking control unit 41 that controls the proximal blocking control structure 31 can be connected to the proximal blocking structure 31 from outside the suction catheter 10 or inside the tube wall of the suction catheter 10 to control the proximal blocking structure 31. While blocking the blood vessel 92, the proximal blocking structure 31 can also support the suction catheter 10 to increase the coaxiality of the suction catheter 10 and the blood vessel 92.

The distal blocking structure 32 can be independent of the suction catheter 10, that is, during the thrombectomy, a suction space is formed between the distal blocking structure 32 and the end of the suction catheter 10. In order to achieve the connection between the distal blocking structure 32 and the corresponding distal blocking control part 42, the distal blocking control part 42 corresponding to the distal blocking structure 32 can pass through the inner lumen of the suction catheter 10 and connect with the distal blocking structure 32. Furthermore, a conical guide head is also provided on the end of the distal blocking structure 32 away from the suction catheter 10.

In this embodiment, the blocking structure 30 includes a proximal blocking structure 31, which can be a proximal balloon (see Figure 2). Correspondingly, the proximal blocking control unit 41 can be a proximal filling catheter connected to the proximal balloon, and the expansion and contraction of the proximal balloon can be controlled by the proximal filling catheter.

As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the proximal balloon as the proximal blocking structure 31 is arranged on the outer wall of the suction catheter 10, and the proximal filling catheter corresponding to the proximal blocking structure 31 is arranged in the tube wall of the suction catheter 10 and passes through the tube wall of the suction catheter 10 to communicate with the proximal balloon. At this time, in order to facilitate the arrangement of the proximal filling catheter, a pipe 12 for the proximal filling catheter to be arranged is also arranged on the tube wall of the suction catheter 10.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , the distal filling catheter corresponding to the distal blocking structure 32 passes through the lumen of the suction catheter 10 and is connected to the distal blocking structure 32 .

That is, when the proximal blocking structure 31 and the distal blocking structure 32 exist at the same time, the two are respectively connected to the corresponding proximal filling catheter and the distal filling catheter, and the proximal blocking structure 31 and the distal blocking structure 32 can be controlled respectively by the corresponding proximal filling catheter and the distal filling catheter.

In this embodiment, the materials of the proximal balloon and the distal balloon can be medical polymers, such as nylon, pebax (polyether block polyamide), TPU (Thermoplastic polyurethanes, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber), etc. It has good compliance. When in use, the proximal balloon and the distal balloon can be expanded to 7-30F as needed to closely fit the inner wall of the vein 92 of various sizes. In order to enable the occluding structure 30 to enter the blood vessel 92 more smoothly, the proximal balloon and the distal balloon can be folded and gripped to 7-9F in advance by a crimping machine.

The suction catheter 10 may include an outer layer (not shown), an inner layer (not shown) and an intermediate layer (not shown) sandwiched between the outer layer and the inner layer. The outer layer material of the suction catheter 10 may be Pebax, PI (Polyimide), etc., the inner layer material may be PTFE (Poly tetra fluoroethylene), PI, etc., the intermediate layer may be a metal braided layer or a spring coil, the material of which may be stainless steel, nylon, etc., with good bending stiffness, as well as compression and deformation resistance, and can adapt to blood vessels 92 of different degrees of curvature. The above-mentioned proximal filling catheter corresponding to the proximal occlusion structure 31 may be disposed in the intermediate layer of the suction catheter 10.

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thrombus remover in FIG1. As shown in FIG5, the thrombus remover 20 comprises a hollow grid structure 21, a delivery rod 22, and a first outer sheath tube 23 for pressing and holding the hollow grid structure 21. The hollow grid structure 21 is connected to the delivery rod 22, and the first outer sheath tube 23 can be sleeved outside the delivery rod 22 axially and movably along the delivery rod 22. In the direction along the length of the delivery rod 22, the diameter of the middle part of the hollow grid structure 21 is greater than the diameter of the two ends. The terminal position of the first outer sheath tube 23 moving in the direction of the hollow grid structure 21 in the length direction of the delivery rod 22 at least partially overlaps with the hollow grid structure 21, and preferably crosses the middle part of the hollow grid structure 21. When the first outer sheath tube 23 is sleeved outside the hollow grid structure 21, the first outer sheath tube 23 presses and holds the hollow grid structure 21, and the first sheath tube 23 is withdrawn. The hollow grid structure 21 can expand radially after the external pressure is released.

The grid on the hollow grid structure 21 can be S-shaped, spiral, triangular, etc. When the first outer sheath tube 23 moves onto the hollow grid structure 21, the first outer sheath tube 23 can apply pressure to the hollow grid structure 21 to shrink the hollow grid structure 21. As the first outer sheath tube 23 continues to move along the delivery rod 22 toward the direction of the hollow grid structure 21, it can accommodate the hollow grid structure 21 in the first outer sheath tube 23.

In this embodiment, the hollow grid structure 21 can be coaxially arranged with the suction catheter 10, or can be eccentrically arranged. The delivery rod 22 can drive the hollow grid structure 21 to rotate around its own axis, or to reciprocate along its own length direction. When the thrombus 91 is broken, it can use the grid to cut the thrombus 91, and scrape the thrombus 91 from the inner wall of the blood vessel 92, and then store the thrombus 91 in the hollow grid structure 21, and finally remove it from the body through the suction catheter 10 together with the thrombus remover 20.

In this embodiment, the first outer sheath tube 23 can also be formed by an outer layer (not shown), an inner layer (not shown) and an intermediate layer (not shown) sandwiched between the outer layer and the inner layer. The outer layer material can be Pebax, PI, etc., the inner layer material can be PTFE, PI, etc., and the intermediate layer can be a braided layer formed by materials such as stainless steel or nylon, which has good tensile and compressive properties, can hold and accommodate the mesh components of the crushed part, and has a small tube body expansion. A developing point can also be set at one end of the outer sheath tube close to the hollow mesh structure 21, and its material can be platinum-iridium alloy, tungsten powder, etc. The material of the delivery rod 22 can be a polymer, such as Pebax, PI, PTFE, etc., so that it has good tensile and compressive resistance and can be pushed and bent in the blood vessel 92.

Figures 6 to 12 are schematic diagrams of the various steps of surgical thrombus removal using the vascular thrombus removal device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figures 6 to 12, during the thrombus removal surgery, the guide wire passage can be completed in the blood vessel 92 first, and then the distal blocking structure 32 in an unexpanded state is inserted, and the distal blocking structure 32 passes through the thrombus 91, reaches the side of the thrombus 91 away from the surgical intervention port, and is as close to the thrombus 91 as possible. During this period, positioning can be performed through the imaging point on the distal blocking structure 32.

Then, the suction catheter 10 is extended into the blood vessel 92 under the guidance of the dilator, close to or extended into the thrombus 91. When the suction catheter 10 is extended into the blood vessel 92, the suction catheter 10 can be sleeved outside the distal occlusion control part 42 of the distal occlusion structure 32.

As the suction catheter 10 enters the blood vessel 92, the proximal blocking structure 31 in an unexpanded state is also brought into the blood vessel 92, and the proximal blocking structure 31 and the distal blocking structure 32 are expanded by the proximal blocking control unit 41 and the distal blocking control unit 42 corresponding to the proximal blocking structure 31 and the distal blocking structure 32, respectively, to block the blood vessel 92. The size of the expansion can be set according to the size of the blood vessel 92. In this embodiment, the filling pressure of the balloon can be adjusted.

It should be explained that the proximal blocking structure 31 and the distal blocking structure 32 can be used one by one or at the same time as needed. Preferably, when a relatively large suction pressure is used, the proximal blocking structure 31 and the distal blocking structure 32 can be used at the same time to limit the suction range of the suction catheter 10, so as to effectively control the amount of blood sucked and prevent the patient from losing too much blood.

The thrombus remover 20 is pressed and gripped into the first outer sheath 23, extended into the blood vessel 92 through the suction catheter 10, and reaches the position of the thrombus 91, and then the first outer sheath 23 is withdrawn to expand the hollow grid structure. During this period, positioning can be performed through the development points on the first outer sheath 23 and the development of the hollow grid structure 21 itself. The thrombus 91 is broken by moving forward and backward or rotating the hollow grid structure 21, and the thrombus 91 is separated from the wall of the blood vessel 92. The separated thrombus 91 is hooked and attached to the outside of the hollow grid structure 21, or stored in the hollow grid structure 21. The delivery rod 22 is withdrawn to extract the hollow grid structure 21 from the suction catheter 10.

After the thrombus remover 20 is withdrawn, the area where the thrombus 91 is located can be suctioned through the suction catheter 10 so that the remaining thrombus 91 can be suctioned out of the body through the suction catheter 10 .

It should be explained that the order of the two steps of breaking up the thrombus 91 by the thrombus remover 20 and aspirating the thrombus 91 by the aspiration catheter 10 can be adjusted according to actual needs. That is, aspiration can be performed first, and then the thrombus 91 can be broken up and scraped to remove the residual thrombus 91 (as shown in Figures 11 and 12). For example, when removing pulmonary thrombus 91, the thrombus 91 is generally relatively complete and concentrated, and the method of aspiration first and then scraping can be adopted. It is also possible to first break up and scrape the thrombus 91, and then aspiration (as shown in Figures 9 and 10). For example, when removing deep vein thrombus, the thrombus 91 is generally distributed over a long range, and the method of first scraping the whole body and then aspirating with the catheter can be adopted.

FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vascular thrombectomy device provided in the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the proximal blocking structure 30 in FIG13. In FIG14, the left side is a side view of the proximal blocking structure 31, and the right side is a front view when viewed from the end face of the suction catheter 10. As shown in FIG13 and FIG14, the vascular thrombectomy device provided in the second embodiment of the present invention is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that, in this embodiment, the blocking structure 30 can be a self-expanding stent and a flexible film covering the self-expanding stent. For the sake of distinction, the self-expanding stent corresponding to the proximal blocking structure 31 is referred to as the proximal self-expanding stent, and the self-expanding stent corresponding to the distal blocking structure 32 is referred to as the distal self-expanding stent.

Correspondingly, the proximal blocking control unit 41 that controls the proximal blocking structure 31 may include a proximal outer sheath, and the proximal self-expanding stent is arranged on the suction catheter 10. The proximal outer sheath can be movably arranged outside the suction catheter 10 along the axial direction of the suction catheter 10. When the proximal self-expanding stent is not expanded, the proximal self-expanding stent is clamped between the proximal outer sheath and the suction catheter 10. The proximal outer sheath applies pressure to the proximal self-expanding stent, and the proximal self-expanding stent can expand outward after the external pressure is released.

In this embodiment, the proximal self-expanding stent can be made of biocompatible metal materials, such as shape memory alloys such as nickel-titanium alloy. It can be a curled mesh woven from the above materials. The flexible membrane can be made of a biocompatible polymer material with small pores and low permeability.

When in use, the proximal self-expanding stent can be first sent to a predetermined position, and then the proximal outer sheath can be slid to expose the proximal self-expanding stent, and the proximal self-expanding stent can be restored to a curled state at the body temperature, that is, it starts to expand outward and abuts against the inner wall of the blood vessel 92, and the flexible membrane on the proximal self-expanding stent is used to complete the occlusion of the blood vessel 92. By controlling the sliding distance of the proximal outer sheath, the degree of deployment of the proximal self-expanding stent can be controlled to adapt to blood vessels 92 of different sizes. After use, the proximal outer sheath can be slid in the opposite direction to re-accommodate the proximal self-expanding stent between the proximal outer sheath and the suction catheter 10.

It can be understood that the distal blocking control part 42 corresponding to the distal blocking structure 32 may include a support rod (not shown) and a distal outer sheath, the distal self-expanding stent is arranged on the support rod, and the distal outer sheath is movably sleeved outside the support rod along the length direction of the support rod. When the distal self-expanding stent is not expanded, the distal self-expanding stent is clamped between the distal outer sheath and the support rod. At this time, the support rod can be independent of the suction catheter 10. When in use, the distal blocking control part 42 corresponding to the distal blocking structure 32 passes through the lumen of the suction catheter 10 and is connected to the distal blocking structure 32. The material of the distal self-expanding stent and the flexible membrane arranged thereon can refer to the proximal self-expanding stent and the flexible membrane arranged thereon, which will not be repeated here.

As a variation of this embodiment, in another embodiment, the blocking structure 30 may be a self-expanding polymer elastic structure. More specifically, corresponding to the distal blocking structure, the self-expanding polymer structure is referred to as a distal self-expanding polymer structure; corresponding to the proximal blocking structure, the self-expanding polymer structure is referred to as a proximal self-expanding polymer structure. The self-expanding polymer elastic structure may be a polymer material with biocompatibility, small pores, and low permeability. In the proximal blocking control unit 41 corresponding to the proximal blocking structure 31, the proximal self-expanding polymer elastic structure is arranged on the suction catheter 10. When the proximal self-expanding polymer elastic structure is not expanded, the proximal self-expanding polymer elastic structure is sandwiched between the proximal outer sheath and the suction catheter 10. The deformation of the proximal self-expanding polymer elastic structure is achieved by pushing and pulling the proximal outer sheath until it is completely attached to the inner wall of the blood vessel 92, thereby completing the blocking of the blood vessel 92.

In the distal blocking control part 42 corresponding to the distal blocking structure 32, the distal self-expanding polymer elastic structure is arranged on the support rod, and when the self-expanding polymer elastic structure is not expanded, the self-expanding polymer elastic structure is sandwiched between the distal outer sheath and the suction catheter 10. The distal self-expanding polymer elastic structure is deformed by pushing and pulling the distal outer sheath until it is completely attached to the inner wall of the blood vessel 92, thereby completing the blocking of the blood vessel 92.

It should be noted that the proximal blocking structure 31 and the distal blocking structure 32 do not need to be limited to the same structure, and can be a combination of various methods in the above embodiments. That is, the proximal blocking structure 31 and the distal blocking structure 32 can choose to use different structures.

FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thrombus remover in the vascular thrombus remover provided in the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the thrombus remover in the vascular thrombus remover of FIG15. As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the vascular thrombus remover provided in the third embodiment of the present invention is basically the same as the above-mentioned embodiments, except that, in the present embodiment, the thrombus remover 20 includes a cutting blade 23, a protective net 24, a delivery rod 22 and a first outer sheath tube 21. The cutting blade 23 is connected to the delivery rod 22, and the protective net 24 is covered outside the cutting blade 23. The first outer sheath tube 21 is movably sleeved outside the delivery rod 22 along the axial direction of the delivery rod 22. When the first outer sheath tube 21 is sleeved on the protective net 24, the first outer sheath tube 21 accommodates the cutting blade 23 and compresses and grips the protective net 24, and the protective net expands outward after the external restraint is released.

When the thrombus 91 is hard, the thrombus 91 can be cut by the rotation of the cutting blade 22, and at this time, the protective net 24 can protect the blood vessel 92. Further, for the lower limb vein 92, the protective net 24 can open the venous valve to prevent damage to the valve when the thrombus 91 is crushed and scraped. At the same time, the protective net 24 can also scrape off the thrombus 91 attached to the wall of the blood vessel 92. Preferably, the power source for driving the protective net 24 and the cutting blade 22 can be driven by an external motor, which can be spirally stirred and crushed to decompose the entire thrombus 91.

FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thrombus remover in the vascular thrombus remover provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG17 , the vascular thrombus remover provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention can be the same as the above embodiments, except that, in the present embodiment, the thrombus remover 20 includes an umbrella-shaped net bag 25, a plurality of connecting rods 26, a delivery rod 22 and a first outer sheath tube 21 (not shown in FIG17 ). One end of the connecting rod 226 is connected to the umbrella-shaped net bag 25, and the other end is connected to the delivery rod 22. An arc portion 251 is formed on the edge of the umbrella-shaped net bag 25 between the two connecting rods 26. The first outer sheath tube 21 is movably sleeved outside the delivery rod 22 along the axial direction of the delivery rod 22. When the first outer sheath tube 21 is sleeved on the umbrella-shaped net bag 25, the umbrella-shaped net bag 25 is pressed and gripped, and the umbrella-shaped net bag 25 expands radially after the external restraint is released.

In this embodiment, by providing the connecting rod 26 and the umbrella-shaped net bag 25, since the connecting rod 26 has a guiding function when the umbrella-shaped net bag 25 is pressed and gripped, the umbrella-shaped net bag 25 can be more easily pressed and gripped by the first outer sheath tube 23, so as to reduce the diameter of the first outer sheath tube 23. Furthermore, by providing the arc-shaped portion 251, the function of scraping and breaking the thrombus 91 can be achieved. After the thrombus 91 is broken, the umbrella-shaped net bag 25 can more easily accommodate the broken thrombus 91, and it is easier to take out the broken thrombus 91 through the umbrella-shaped net bag 25.

It should be noted that, in the above-mentioned embodiments, a variety of embodiments of the blocking structure 30 and the thrombus remover 20 are provided, and the two can be combined in any way.

FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vascular thrombus removal device provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG18 , the vascular thrombus removal device provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention is basically the same as the above embodiments, except that, in this embodiment, the vascular thrombus removal device further includes a first intercepting portion 51, which is disposed on the side of the distal blocking structure 32 away from the suction catheter 10. The first intercepting portion 51 can ensure the passage of blood while preventing the broken thrombus 91 from escaping from the gap between the distal blocking structure 32 and the blood vessel 92. Preferably, the first intercepting portion 51 can be umbrella-shaped, with its opening facing the side where the distal blocking structure 32 is located.

FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vascular thrombus removal device provided in the sixth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG19, the vascular thrombus removal device provided in the sixth embodiment of the present invention is basically the same as the above embodiments, except that, in this embodiment, the vascular thrombus removal device may further include a second interception portion 52, and the second interception portion 52 is disposed at the end of the suction catheter 10. The second interception portion 52 can prevent the broken thrombus 91 from escaping in the direction of the surgical intervention port.

FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vascular thrombectomy device provided in the seventh embodiment of the present invention, and FIG21 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the suction catheter in FIG20. The vascular thrombectomy device provided in the seventh embodiment of the present invention is basically the same as the above-mentioned embodiments, except that, in this embodiment, in order to achieve controllable bending of the suction catheter 10, the vascular thrombectomy device also includes a traction wire (not shown) for controlling the direction of the end of the suction catheter 10. A traction wire lumen 11 for the traction wire to pass through is also formed in the tube wall of the suction catheter 10. FIG21 shows the structure when traction wires are provided on both sides of the suction catheter 10. It should be noted that the number of the traction wires can be set according to the control needs, and accordingly, the number of the traction wire lumens 11 can also be set according to the number of traction wires.

FIG22 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the suction catheter in the vascular thrombectomy device provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention, FIG23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the proximal blocking structure 30 provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention when it is uniformly expanded, and FIG24 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the proximal blocking structure 30 provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention when it is eccentrically expanded. The proximal blocking structure 31 of the vascular thrombectomy device provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention is a proximal balloon, and the remaining structures are basically the same as those of the above embodiments, except that, in this embodiment, the proximal balloon can be composed of a plurality of sub-capsules 311, and the plurality of sub-capsules 311 are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the suction catheter 10 along the circumference of the suction catheter 10. Each sub-capsule 311 is respectively connected to a proximal filling catheter, that is, the filling degree of the corresponding sub-capsule 311 can be controlled by a single proximal filling catheter to change the eccentricity of the suction catheter 10 in the proximal balloon.

Furthermore, in other embodiments, the proximal balloon may be an asymmetric balloon. When the proximal balloon is inflated, it causes the axis of the suction catheter 20 and the blood vessel 92 to be offset so as to better suction the blood vessel.

In the embolectomy of pulmonary thrombosis 91, the path of blood vessel 92 reaching the pulmonary artery is relatively tortuous. During the process of aspirating the thrombus 91, it is difficult to ensure the coaxiality of the aspiration catheter 10 and the blood vessel 92 for the group of thrombi 91 concentrated in the middle of the blood vessel 92. For the thrombi 91 adhered to the side of the blood vessel 92, the bending angle of the aspiration catheter 10 is limited, and it is difficult to maintain a stable direction aligned with the lesion position in the blood vessel 92, so the aspiration effect is limited. This situation will increase the number of aspirations and easily cause empty aspiration, causing excessive blood loss in the patient.

By dividing the proximal balloon into a plurality of sub-balloons 311 and controlling the filling degree of each sub-balloon 311 respectively, the proximal balloon is eccentrically expanded, so that the suction catheter 10 and the blood vessel 92 are tilted at a certain angle, and then the suction catheter 10 is aligned with the thrombus 91, thereby preventing the occurrence of empty suction and enhancing the suction effect.

In summary, in the present invention, when performing a thrombus removal operation, the blocking structure 30 can be first extended into the area where the thrombus 91 is located, and then the blocking control unit 40 can be used to control the blocking structure 30 to expand the blocking structure 30, and then block the blood vessel 92 where the thrombus 91 is located, temporarily slowing down or blocking the blood flow at the location where the thrombus 91 is located. Then the thrombus removal operation can be performed through the thrombus remover 20 and the suction catheter 10. Since the blood flow at the location of the thrombus 91 is slow or stops at this time, it can effectively reduce the amount of blood suctioned when the suction catheter 10 suctions the thrombus 91, preventing the patient from losing too much blood. Furthermore, it can also block the broken thrombus 91 to prevent the thrombus 91 from moving with the blood flow after the thrombus 91 is broken.

Furthermore, by improving the occlusion control unit and the related structures of the thrombus remover 20, the thrombus 91 can be cleared more thoroughly.

Furthermore, by improving the structure of the balloon 31 , the balloon 31 can be eccentrically filled according to the direction of the blood vessel 92 , so that the suction catheter 10 can better suction the thrombus 91 .

Furthermore, by providing the first interception net 51 and/or the second interception net 52, it is possible to better prevent the broken thrombus 91 from escaping outwards.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. A vascular thrombus removal device, characterized in that: comprises a suction catheter for sucking thrombus, a thrombus taking device for crushing the thrombus and a blocking structure for blocking blood vessels in the region where the thrombus is located by self-expansion; the vascular thrombus taking device also comprises a blocking control part, wherein the blocking control part is connected with the blocking structure and controls the expansion of the blocking structure; the occlusion structure comprises a proximal occlusion structure for occluding one side of the thrombus towards the surgical intervention port, the proximal occlusion structure is arranged on the outer side wall of the suction catheter, the occlusion control part comprises a proximal occlusion control part, and the proximal occlusion control part is connected with the proximal occlusion structure and controls the expansion of the proximal occlusion structure; the occlusion structure comprises a distal occlusion structure for occluding one side of a thrombus far away from an operation interventional port, the occlusion control part comprises a distal occlusion control part, the distal occlusion control part controls the expansion of the distal occlusion structure, the distal occlusion control part penetrates through a pipe cavity of the suction pipe to be connected with the distal occlusion structure, a suction space is formed between the distal occlusion structure and the proximal occlusion structure when a thrombus taking operation is performed, the proximal occlusion structure is a proximal balloon, the proximal occlusion control part for controlling the proximal occlusion structure is a proximal filling pipe communicated with the proximal balloon, the proximal balloon of the proximal occlusion structure is arranged on the outer side wall of the suction pipe, a pipeline is formed in the pipe wall of the suction pipe, and the proximal filling pipe is arranged in the pipeline and is communicated with the proximal balloon of the proximal structure after penetrating through the pipe wall of the suction pipe, or the proximal balloon of the proximal occlusion structure is communicated with the proximal balloon of the proximal occlusion structure from the outside of the corresponding suction pipe.

2. The vascular thrombectomy device of claim 1, wherein: the blocking structure comprises at least one of a proximal blocking structure for blocking one side of the thrombus facing the surgical intervention port and a distal blocking structure for blocking one side of the thrombus away from the surgical intervention port.

3. The vascular thrombectomy device of claim 1, wherein: the proximal plugging structure comprises a proximal self-expansion bracket and a flexible membrane covering the proximal self-expansion bracket, the proximal plugging control part for controlling the proximal plugging structure comprises a proximal outer sheath, the proximal self-expansion bracket is arranged on the outer side wall of the suction catheter, the proximal outer sheath is movably sleeved outside the suction catheter along the axial direction of the suction catheter, and the proximal self-expansion bracket is clamped between the proximal outer sheath and the suction catheter when the proximal self-expansion bracket is not expanded.

4. The vascular thrombectomy device of claim 1, wherein: the proximal plugging structure is a proximal self-expansion polymer elastic structure, the proximal plugging control part for controlling the proximal plugging structure comprises a proximal outer sheath tube, the proximal outer sheath tube is movably sleeved outside the suction catheter along the axial direction of the suction catheter, and when the proximal self-expansion polymer elastic structure is not expanded, the proximal self-expansion polymer elastic structure is clamped between the proximal outer sheath tube and the suction catheter.

5. The vascular thrombectomy device of claim 1, wherein: the distal end blocking structure is a distal end balloon, the distal end blocking control part for controlling the distal end blocking structure is a distal end filling catheter communicated with the distal end balloon, and the distal end filling catheter passes through the lumen of the suction catheter and then is connected with the distal end balloon of the distal end blocking structure.

6. The vascular thrombectomy device of claim 1, wherein: the remote plugging control part for controlling the remote plugging structure comprises a remote self-expansion bracket and a flexible membrane covering the remote self-expansion bracket, wherein the remote self-expansion bracket is arranged on the support rod, the remote self-expansion bracket is movably sleeved outside the support rod along the length direction of the support rod, and the remote self-expansion bracket is clamped between the remote outer sheath and the support rod when the remote self-expansion bracket is not expanded.

7. The vascular thrombectomy device of claim 1, wherein: the remote plugging control part for controlling the remote plugging structure comprises a remote outer sheath tube and a support rod, the remote outer sheath tube is arranged outside the support rod, the remote outer sheath tube is movably sleeved outside the suction catheter along the axial direction of the suction catheter, and the remote self-expanding polymer elastic structure is clamped between the remote outer sheath tube and the support rod when the remote self-expanding polymer elastic structure is not expanded.

8. The vascular thrombectomy device of claim 1, wherein: the thrombus remover comprises a hollow grid structure, a conveying rod and a first sheath tube, wherein the first sheath tube is used for holding and accommodating the hollow grid structure in a pressing mode, the hollow grid structure is connected with the conveying rod, the first sheath tube is movably sleeved outside the conveying rod along the axial direction of the conveying rod, the first sheath tube is axially arranged on the conveying rod to the end position, where the direction of the hollow grid structure is located, of the conveying rod, at least the end position is partially overlapped with the hollow grid structure, when the first sheath tube is sleeved outside the hollow grid structure, the first sheath tube is used for holding the hollow grid structure in a pressing mode, and the hollow grid structure is radially expanded after external constraint is released.

9. The vascular thrombectomy device of claim 1, wherein: the thrombus remover comprises a cutting sheet, a protection net, a conveying rod and a first sheath tube, wherein the cutting sheet is connected with the conveying rod, the protection net is arranged outside the cutting sheet, the first sheath tube is movably sleeved outside the conveying rod along the axial direction of the conveying rod, when the first sheath tube is sleeved on the protection net, the first sheath tube accommodates the cutting sheet and holds the protection net in a pressing mode, and the protection net radially expands after being bound and released outside.

10. The vascular thrombectomy device of claim 1, wherein: the thrombus remover comprises an umbrella-shaped net bag, a plurality of connecting rods, a conveying rod and a first sheath tube, wherein one end of each connecting rod is connected with the umbrella-shaped net bag, the other end of each connecting rod is connected with the conveying rod, an arc-shaped part is formed on the edge of each umbrella-shaped net bag between the two connecting rods, the first sheath tube is movably sleeved outside the conveying rod along the axial direction of the conveying rod, and when the first sheath tube is sleeved on the umbrella-shaped net bag, the umbrella-shaped net bag is pressed and held, and the umbrella-shaped net bag is radially expanded after the external constraint is released.

11. The vascular thrombectomy device of claim 1, wherein: the vascular thrombectomy device includes a first interceptor portion disposed on a side of the distal occlusion structure remote from the aspiration catheter.

12. The vascular thrombectomy device of claim 1, wherein: the vascular thrombus removal device further comprises a second interception part, and the second interception part is arranged at the end part of the suction catheter.

13. The vascular thrombectomy device of claim 1, wherein: the proximal balloon is composed of a plurality of ascers, the ascers are sequentially distributed on the outer side wall of the suction catheter along the circumferential direction of the suction catheter, and each ascer is respectively communicated with one filling catheter.

14. The vascular thrombectomy device of claim 1, wherein: the proximal balloon is an asymmetric balloon.

15. The vascular thrombectomy device of claim 1, wherein: the vascular thrombus taking device further comprises a traction wire for controlling the direction of the end part of the suction catheter, and a traction wire lumen for the traction wire to penetrate is formed in the wall of the suction catheter.