CN113461260A - Method for recycling and denitrifying ion type rare earth mine tail water rare earth - Google Patents
Method for recycling and denitrifying ion type rare earth mine tail water rare earth Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009935 nitrosation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007034 nitrosation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B59/00—Obtaining rare earth metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/163—Nitrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/166—Nitrites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recovering and denitrifying ion type rare earth mine tail water and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the treatment cost of the traditional process is high, the environment friendliness is poor, the environmental pollution is easy to form, and the newly developed treatment process is difficult to control and realize in the treatment of the ion type rare earth mine tail water. According to the treatment method, precious rare earth resources in the ammonia nitrogen tail water of the ionic rare earth mine are recycled firstly, so that the recovery rate of mineral resources is improved, then the nitration process is controlled in a nitrosation stage, and then denitrification is performed by directly utilizing nitrite nitrogen, so that the reaction flow is shortened, the reaction speed can be accelerated, the aeration energy consumption and the consumption of an organic carbon source can be greatly reduced, the process cost of wastewater denitrification is remarkably saved, and economic benefits can be created by recycling the rare earth resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment, and particularly belongs to a method for recovering and denitrifying rare earth in tail water of an ionic rare earth mine.
Background
At present, the mining of the ionic rare earth ore is mainly carried out by in-situ ore leaching, namely, ammonium sulfate is injected into an ore deposit to be used as an ore leaching agent for leaching and recovering rare earth; in the process of extracting rare earth by in-situ leaching, the injected ammonium sulfate leaching agent is still remained in the ore deposit soil in a large amount except that part of the ammonium sulfate leaching agent is recovered by rare earth mother liquor. Under the action of atmospheric rainfall leaching, the rare earth mine after in-situ leaching mining can continuously leach NH for a long period of time4 +、NO3 -And rare earth metal ions form the rare earth mine ammonia nitrogen tail water, so the problem of water environment pollution of the rare earth mine watershed is more prominent; therefore, aiming at the problem, the ion type rare earth mine ammonia nitrogen tail water must be treated, on one hand, precious rare earth resources in the tail water are recovered, on the other hand, nitrogen in the tail water is removed, and the pollution to the environment is eliminated.
Aiming at the water quality of ionic rare earth mine tail water, the method is mainly characterized in that: firstly, the pH value of the waste water is low and is acidic, and the pH value is generally between 2 and 5; secondly, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is extremely low, and the organic carbon source is extremely deficient; and thirdly, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen coexist, wherein the concentration of the ammonium nitrogen is generally 30-350mg/L, the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen is generally 20-150mg/L, and the nitrate nitrogen is generally 30% -50% of the total nitrogen in the wastewater.
At present, the ionic rare earth mine tail water denitrification treatment method mainly comprises two methods, namely biological denitrification and chemical denitrification, wherein the biological denitrification basically adopts the traditional nitrification/denitrification process, and the chemical denitrification mainly adopts the chemical treatment process of a breakpoint chlorination method. However, because the organic carbon source in the wastewater is extremely deficient, a large amount of organic carbon source needs to be added in the traditional biological denitrification process by nitrification/denitrification, which causes the treatment cost of the denitrification process to be higher; the chemical denitrification requires a large amount of chemical reagents, has high treatment cost, poor environmental friendliness and easy environmental pollution, so the biological denitrification is most applied in practical engineering nowadays. In addition, biological denitrification also has a newly developed anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification treatment process, and although the process does not need an organic carbon source, the start-up time is long, the operation control requirement is extremely high, and the process is not easy to realize. Therefore, the development of a novel biological denitrification process with high denitrification efficiency and simple operation control and the recycling of the rare earth resources in the ionic rare earth mine tailing water are more and more urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
(1) Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for recovering and denitrifying ion type rare earth mine tail water, which aims to solve the technical problems that the treatment of the ion type rare earth mine tail water in the prior art has higher treatment cost of the traditional process, poor environmental friendliness and easy environmental pollution, and the newly developed treatment process is difficult to control and realize.
(2) Technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for recovering and denitrifying ion type rare earth mine tail water rare earth, which can be used for treating by an ion type rare earth mine tail water rare earth recovery and denitrifying treatment device, wherein the device comprises a raw water tank, a rare earth recovery component, a short-cut nitration reaction component and a denitrification reaction component; the rare earth recovery assembly is communicated with an outlet of the raw water tank, the shortcut nitrification reaction assembly is communicated with the rare earth recovery assembly, and the denitrification reaction assembly is communicated with the shortcut nitrification reaction assembly.
The method is used for recovering and denitrifying the rare earth in the tail water of the ionic rare earth mine, and comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out neutralization and precipitation on ionic rare earth mine ammonia nitrogen tail water raw wastewater, recovering rare earth resources in the raw wastewater, then inoculating shortcut nitrification activated sludge to the wastewater, carrying out shortcut nitrification reaction on the wastewater to completely oxidize ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater into nitrite nitrogen, finally inoculating denitrification activated sludge to the wastewater, carrying out denitrification on the wastewater through denitrification reaction, and reducing the nitrite nitrogen and the original nitrate nitrogen in the tail water into nitrogen to be removed.
According to the method for recovering and denitrifying the rare earth in the ionic rare earth mine tail water, precious rare earth resources in the ionic rare earth mine ammonia nitrogen tail water are recovered at first, the recovery rate of mineral resources is improved, then the nitrification process is controlled in the nitrosation stage, and denitrification is directly carried out by using nitrite nitrogen, so that the reaction process is shortened, the reaction speed is increased, the aeration energy consumption and the consumption of organic carbon sources can be greatly reduced, the process cost of wastewater denitrification is remarkably saved, and economic benefits can be created by recovering the rare earth resources.
Preferably, the agent used for neutralizing the precipitate is Ca (OH)2。
(3) Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the treatment method recovers the rare earth resources through the neutralization precipitation, not only can recover the precious rare earth resources for further recovery and utilization, improve the comprehensive recovery rate of the rare earth resources, create benefits, but also can avoid the situation that the rare earth metals inhibit microorganisms in the subsequent biological wastewater treatment link, so that the biological wastewater treatment link cannot be smoothly carried out; in addition, the acid rare earth mine tail water can be neutralized, and the pH value of the acid rare earth mine tail water is increased, so that the acid rare earth mine tail water can meet the requirement of biological wastewater treatment on the pH value.
2. The treatment method comprises the steps of connecting a short-cut nitrification component and a denitrification component in series for use, firstly oxidizing all ammonium nitrogen contained in the wastewater into nitrite nitrogen by using a short-cut nitrification process, keeping the original nitrate nitrogen, and then reducing the nitrite nitrogen and the nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen by using denitrification to achieve the aim of denitrification; the process controls the nitration process in the nitrosation stage, directly utilizes nitrite nitrogen to carry out denitrification, shortens the reaction process, can accelerate the reaction speed, greatly saves the aeration energy consumption and the consumption of organic carbon sources, and obviously saves the process cost of wastewater denitrification.
3. The treatment method utilizes the short-cut nitrification reaction, partial ammonium nitrogen in the wastewater is oxidized into nitrite nitrogen through the activated sludge in the short-cut nitrification reaction, so that a necessary nitrite nitrogen substrate is provided for the subsequent anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction, and compared with the whole-process nitrification, the oxygen supply amount is saved, so that the aeration energy consumption is saved, and the wastewater treatment cost is saved.
4. The treatment method reduces untreated nitrate nitrogen and generated nitrate nitrogen in the wastewater into nitrogen gas for removal through denitrification reaction, can control the nitrate nitrogen of the wastewater to be at a lower concentration, improves the removal rate of total nitrogen, solves the problem that COD dosage is not determined well due to water inflow quality fluctuation, and prevents the waste of organic carbon sources and the problem of high COD concentration of treated effluent.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the original characteristics, the achieved purposes and the effects of the invention easily understood and obvious, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below to further illustrate the invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all the embodiments.
Ion type rare earth mine tail water treatment facilities includes: the device comprises a raw water tank, a rare earth recovery component, a short-cut nitrification reaction component and a denitrification reaction component; the rare earth recovery component is communicated with an outlet of the raw water pool through a centrifugal pump, and the rare earth recovery component is used for recovering rare earth from raw wastewater; the short-cut nitrification reaction component is communicated with the rare earth recovery component through a centrifugal pump, and the short-cut nitrification reaction is carried out on the pretreated wastewater to generate ammonium nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen; the denitrification reaction component is communicated with the short-cut nitrification reaction component, and carries out denitrification reaction on the wastewater from the short-cut nitrification reaction component so as to reduce the original nitrate nitrogen in the wastewater and the nitrite nitrogen generated by the short-cut nitrification reaction component into nitrogen.
The rare earth recovery assembly comprises a rare earth recovery reaction tank, a sedimentation tank, a first medicine storage tank, a second medicine storage tank, a pH monitor and a computer controller, wherein the rare earth recovery reaction tank is used for carrying out neutralization reaction on rare earth metals in the wastewater; the first medicine storage box stores medicine liquid Ca (OH) which can be neutralized with rare earth metal2The first medicine storage box is used for conveying liquid medicine to the rare earth recovery reaction tank; a flocculating agent PAC is stored in the second medicine storage box, and the first medicine storage box is used for conveying liquid medicine to the rare earth recovery reaction tank; the computer controller is respectively connected with the pH monitor, the first medicine storage box and the second medicine storage box, and the computer controller receives data of the pH monitor so as to feedback control the adding amount of the first medicine storage box; the sedimentation tank is communicated with the rare earth recovery reaction tank and is used for collecting sediments generated by the neutralization reaction for rare earth recovery.
The short-cut nitrification reaction component comprises a nitrification reactor, a blast aeration device, a second medicine storage box, a pH monitor, a dissolved oxygen monitor and a computer controller; the short-cut nitrification reactor is communicated with the rare earth recovery assembly through a centrifugal pump, short-cut nitrification activated sludge is inoculated in the short-cut nitrification reactor, and the short-cut nitrification reactor carries out short-cut nitrification reaction on the wastewater to generate nitrite nitrogen from ammonium nitrogen; the blast aeration device is communicated with the short-cut nitrification reactor, and supplies oxygen to the wastewater and adjusts the concentration of dissolved oxygen; the second medicine storage box is communicated with the short-cut nitrification reactor, and the second medicine storage box conveys liquid medicine to the short-cut nitrification reactor to keep the pH value of the wastewater so as to ensure that the short-cut nitrification reactor normally operates; the computer controller is respectively connected with the pH monitor, the dissolved oxygen monitor, the third medicine storage box and the blast aeration device, the computer controller receives data of the pH monitor to feedback control the alkali liquor adding amount of the third medicine storage box, and the computer controller receives data of the dissolved oxygen monitor to feedback control the start and stop of the blast aeration device; the short path nitration reactor may be a sequencing batch reactor or a continuous flow reactor.
The denitrification reaction component comprises a denitrification reactor, a nitrate nitrogen online monitor, a COD monitor, a computer controller and a third medicine storage box; the denitrification reactor is communicated with the shortcut nitrification reaction component and is used for inoculating denitrification sludge to carry out denitrification reaction on the wastewater, so that untreated nitrate nitrogen in the wastewater and nitrite nitrogen generated by the shortcut nitrification reaction component are removed; the third medicine storage box is communicated with the denitrification reactor, and the second medicine storage box is used for providing an organic carbon source for the denitrification reactor; the computer controller receives the data of the nitrate nitrogen on-line monitor and the COD monitor to obtain the nitrate nitrogen concentration and the COD concentration of the inlet and outlet water, automatically calculates the adding amount of the organic carbon source through a computer program, and finally feeds the adding amount back to the third medicine storage box to realize the accurate control of the adding amount of the organic carbon source.
The short-cut nitrification reactor and the denitrification reactor are not limited by whether the short-cut nitrification reactor and the denitrification reactor are sequencing batch reactors or continuous flow reactors, as long as corresponding biological reaction treatment functions can be realized, but when the two reactors are a sequencing batch reactor and a continuous flow reactor, an intermediate water tank needs to be additionally arranged between the two reactors, so that the sequencing batch reactor and the continuous flow reactor can be effectively connected.
In order to achieve the effect that the wastewater can be uniformly mixed in the reactor, stirring devices can be respectively arranged in the rare earth recovery reaction tank and the short-cut nitrification reactor.
In order to realize the automatic adjustment of the pH in the rare earth recovery reaction tank assembly and the short-cut nitrification reaction assembly, pH monitors are arranged in the rare earth recovery reaction tank and the short-cut nitrification reactor and are linked with corresponding dosing devices, so that the automatic adjustment of the pH is realized.
The working principle of the ionic rare earth mine ammonia nitrogen tail water treatment device is as follows: firstly, inoculating corresponding activated sludge in a short-cut nitrification reactor and a denitrification reactor, then conveying wastewater from a raw water tank to a rare earth recovery reaction tank, adding liquid medicine into the rare earth recovery reaction tank by utilizing a first medicine storage tank and a second medicine storage tank to enable rare earth metal to generate neutralization reaction, introducing the reacted wastewater into a sedimentation tank for sedimentation, wherein sediments collected in the sedimentation tank contain the rare earth metal, and the rare earth metal can be recovered by conveying the sediments to a rare earth smelting enterprise. And then, conveying the supernatant in the sedimentation tank to a short-cut nitrification reactor through a centrifugal pump so as to perform short-cut nitrification reaction in the short-cut nitrification reactor, simultaneously adding alkali liquor into the short-cut nitrification reactor through a third medicine storage box so as to perform short-cut nitrification reaction on short-cut nitrifying bacteria under a proper pH condition, and naturally overflowing the wastewater treated by the short-cut nitrification reaction into the denitrification reactor. And finally, carrying out denitrification reaction in the denitrification reactor, and simultaneously accurately controlling the amount of the organic carbon source added into the denitrification reactor by the third medicine storage box through the computer controller, so that the denitrifying bacteria carry out denitrification reaction under the proper C/N condition, and the problem that the adding amount of the organic carbon source is not well determined due to fluctuation of the quality of inlet water in the denitrification process is solved.
The ionic rare earth mine tail water rare earth recovery and denitrification treatment device firstly utilizes a short-cut nitrification process technology to oxidize ammonium nitrogen contained in the wastewater into nitrite nitrogen and keep nitrate nitrogen originally contained in the wastewater by coupling the short-cut nitrification reaction component and the denitrification reaction component, and then utilizes a denitrification technology to reduce the nitrite nitrogen and the nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen, so as to achieve the aim of denitrification; the process firstly controls the nitration process in the nitrosation stage, directly utilizes nitrite nitrogen to carry out denitrification, shortens the denitrification reaction process, not only can accelerate the reaction speed, but also can greatly save aeration energy consumption and organic carbon source consumption; and secondly, in the denitrification process, the waste of an organic carbon source is prevented by a real-time control system under the condition of realizing the stable operation of denitrification, and the cost of the wastewater denitrification process is obviously saved.
The ion type rare earth mine tail water rare earth recovery and denitrification treatment device comprises an ion type rare earth mine ammonia nitrogen tail water biological treatment device, and is characterized in that activated sludge is inoculated in the ion type rare earth mine ammonia nitrogen tail water biological treatment device, and then wastewater is introduced to carry out rare earth recovery reaction, short-cut nitrification reaction and denitrification reaction in sequence.
Specifically, the rare earth recovery reaction comprises the following steps: introducing the wastewater in the raw water tank into a rare earth recovery reaction tank through a centrifugal pump, adding alkali liquor into a pretreatment regulating tank to control the pH of the wastewater in the rare earth recovery reaction tank to be 8.0-9.0, performing neutralization reaction on rare earth metal and the alkali liquor for precipitation, and then sending the precipitation into a precipitation tank.
The short-cut nitration reaction comprises the following steps: the supernatant in the sedimentation tank is sent into the short-cut nitrification reactor through a centrifugal pump, DO of the wastewater in the short-cut nitrification reactor is controlled to be 0.2-0.7mg/L through a blast aeration device, the pH of the wastewater in the short-cut nitrification reactor is adjusted to be 7.0-9.0 through a second medicine storage box, so that under the environment, the short-cut nitrification bacteria can oxidize ammonium nitrogen of the wastewater to generate nitrite nitrogen, and then the wastewater after the short-cut nitrification reaction enters the denitrification reactor.
The denitrification reaction comprises the following steps: after the wastewater reacted by the short-cut nitrification reactor enters the denitrification reactor, the amount of the added organic carbon source is accurately controlled by the computer controller, and the C/N is controlled to be 3-6, so that the denitrifying bacteria can further remove the original nitrate nitrogen in the wastewater and the nitrite nitrogen generated by the short-cut nitrification reaction component under the environment through denitrification, and the purpose of improving the total nitrogen removal effect of the wastewater is achieved.
By sequentially carrying out rare earth recovery reaction, short-range nitration reaction and denitrification reaction on the wastewater, firstly, the nitration process is controlled in a nitrosation stage, and denitrification is directly carried out by using nitrite nitrogen, so that the reaction process is shortened, the reaction speed can be accelerated, and the aeration energy consumption and the organic carbon source consumption can be greatly saved; and secondly, in the denitrification process, the waste of an organic carbon source is prevented by a real-time control system under the condition of realizing the stable operation of denitrification, and the cost of the wastewater denitrification process is obviously saved.
Wherein NH of the wastewater to be treated4 +N concentration of 100mg/L, NO3 -The concentration of N was 60mg/L and the pH was 4.0. The short-cut nitrification reactor and the short-cut denitrification reactor are respectively inoculated with nitrification formed by culturing mixed sludge taken from a municipal sewage plant in a laboratory for a period of timeThe concentration of the inoculated activated sludge is 2000-3000 mg/L.
In the treatment process, firstly, the wastewater in the raw water tank is conveyed into a rare earth recovery reaction tank by using a peristaltic pump, the pH is adjusted to 8.5, and then the wastewater is discharged into a sedimentation tank.
And then conveying the supernatant wastewater in the sedimentation tank to a short-cut nitrification reactor by a peristaltic pump, wherein the short-cut nitrification reactor is an SBR reactor, the hydraulic retention time is 2-6h, and DO is controlled within the range of 0.2-0.7 mg/L. And (4) allowing the water after the short-cut nitration to enter a denitrification reactor.
When the wastewater is subjected to denitrification reaction in the denitrification reactor, the C/N in the wastewater is controlled to be 3-6 by using the computer controller. The hydraulic retention time of the denitrification reactor is 2-6 h.
And (3) processing results: after 60 days of start-up, a stable treatment effect can be obtained, and NO is discharged from the short-cut nitrification reactor3 --N concentration 60-67mg/L, NO2 --N concentration 88-95mg/L, NH4 +-N concentration is 0-8 mg/L; NO of effluent of denitrification reactor3 --N concentration 2-8mg/L, NO2 --N concentration of 0.1mg/L to 2mg/L, NH4 +The concentration of-N is 0.5mg/L to 12 mg/L.
Having thus described the principal technical features and basic principles of the invention, and the advantages associated therewith, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description is described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such descriptions are provided for clarity only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein can be combined as a whole to form other embodiments as would be understood by those skilled in the art.
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