CN113653212A - Waterproof construction method for joint partition of precast concrete cladding panel - Google Patents
Waterproof construction method for joint partition of precast concrete cladding panel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113653212A CN113653212A CN202110972585.3A CN202110972585A CN113653212A CN 113653212 A CN113653212 A CN 113653212A CN 202110972585 A CN202110972585 A CN 202110972585A CN 113653212 A CN113653212 A CN 113653212A
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- precast concrete
- concrete cladding
- cladding panel
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/66—Sealings
- E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/66—Sealings
- E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
- E04B1/6801—Fillings therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/66—Sealings
- E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
- E04B1/6806—Waterstops
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/24—Safety or protective measures preventing damage to building parts or finishing work during construction
- E04G21/26—Strutting means for wall parts; Supports or the like, e.g. for holding in position prefabricated walls
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a partition waterproof construction method for joints of precast concrete cladding panels, which relates to the technical field of building construction and comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing for site construction; secondly, hoisting the precast concrete cladding panel on the same layer to an installation position; step three, temporarily supporting each precast concrete cladding panel on the same layer; step four, correcting each precast concrete cladding panel on the same layer; fifthly, pouring the beam columns on the same layer as the precast concrete cladding panels in the fourth step; sixthly, installing a limiting support connecting piece between each precast concrete cladding panel on the same layer and the cast-in-place concrete layer of the beam column on the same layer; step seven, repeating the step two to the step six, and mounting each layer of the precast concrete cladding panel from bottom to top until the installation of each layer of the precast concrete cladding panel is finished; and step eight, smearing sealant on the joints of the adjacent precast concrete cladding panels. The invention combines the waterproof structure and the waterproof material, thereby facilitating the maintenance in the use stage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a partition waterproof construction method for joints of precast concrete cladding panels.
Background
The precast concrete cladding panel has the advantages of good flatness, high dimensional precision, heat preservation, structural and decoration integration and the like, and is gradually and widely used.
Most fabricated buildings adopt the externally-hung concrete wall boards, but the leakage of the joints of the exterior wall cladding is a common fault of the structure, and the problem of the leakage of the exterior wall is solved. The method of mortar joint filling can crack and damage the outer hanging plate due to the cyclic deformation; by adopting a waterproof measure of the sealant without the drain hole, although the deformation, cracking and damage of the material can be avoided, the leakage phenomenon can occur due to the gluing quality, aging and the like, and the leakage can bring difficulty to the maintenance in the use process due to the large-area communication of the plate seam sealant cavity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a waterproof construction method for joints of precast concrete cladding panels in a partitioning manner, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and combines a two-way waterproof construction form of waterproof construction and waterproof material construction to prevent water entering a joint cavity from streaming along the whole wall surface and facilitate the maintenance in the use stage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a partition waterproof construction method for joints of precast concrete cladding panels, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing for site construction;
secondly, hoisting the precast concrete cladding panel on the same layer to an installation position;
step three, temporarily supporting each precast concrete cladding panel on the same layer;
step four, correcting each precast concrete cladding panel on the same layer;
fifthly, pouring the beam columns on the same layer as the precast concrete cladding panels in the fourth step;
sixthly, installing a limiting support connecting piece between each precast concrete cladding panel on the same layer and the cast-in-place concrete layer of the beam column on the same layer;
step seven, repeating the step two to the step six, and mounting each layer of the precast concrete cladding panel from bottom to top until the installation of each layer of the precast concrete cladding panel is finished;
and step eight, coating sealant at the joints of the adjacent precast concrete cladding panels.
Preferably, in the second step, before the precast concrete cladding panel is hoisted, the temporary fixed inclined strut is pre-installed according to the size and the appearance of the precast concrete cladding panel, and the inclined pull rod is installed after the precast concrete cladding panel is hoisted.
Preferably, in the third step, the temporary fixed diagonal brace and the diagonal draw bar are connected to form a temporary support structure.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the correcting process of the precast concrete cladding panel comprises the following steps:
a, placing a leveling rod at the top of a precast concrete cladding panel, and adjusting the precast concrete cladding panel to ensure the flatness of the precast concrete cladding panel;
b, measuring the verticality of the precast concrete cladding panels by using a plumb bob and a guiding ruler, and adjusting the diagonal draw bars to enable the diagonal draw bars to stretch and contract so as to control the verticality of the precast concrete cladding panels and keep the outer surfaces of the precast concrete cladding panels on the same plane;
c, after the precast concrete cladding panels on the same layer are adjusted, adjusting each precast concrete cladding panel on the same vertical surface to ensure that the precast concrete cladding panels on the layer are on the same vertical surface;
and D, warning is set around the precast concrete cladding panel, and non-professionals cannot enter the area and cannot randomly collide and disassemble the temporary support structure.
Preferably, in the fourth step, after the precast concrete cladding panels on the same layer are installed and corrected, a waterproof adhesive tape is pasted on the inner side surface of the vertical joint of the precast concrete cladding panels on the same layer, the waterproof adhesive tape is pasted from the upper surface of the groove and the tongue of the upper part of the precast concrete cladding panel, the waterproof adhesive tape is pasted along the inner side surface of the precast concrete cladding panel until the waterproof adhesive tape exceeds the galling treatment surface area, the waterproof adhesive tape is pasted on the joint of the intersection of the precast concrete cladding panel and the beam column, and the joint of the external corner of the precast concrete cladding panel is filled with foam rubber.
Preferably, in the sixth step, after the verticality of the precast concrete cladding panel is corrected, the limiting support connecting piece is installed at the position of the reserved hole of the precast concrete cladding panel, an installation groove is formed in the vertical position of the cast-in-place concrete layer corresponding to the reserved hole, and the limiting support connecting piece is installed at the reserved hole and the installation groove to limit the deformation of the precast concrete cladding panel.
Preferably, in the step eight, before the sealant is applied, surface drying time detection, stretch breaking time detection and adhesion test are performed on the selected sealant.
Preferably, in the step eight, before the sealant is applied, the joints of the adjacent precast concrete cladding panels are cleaned, a backing material or an anti-sticking material is filled, and the precast concrete cladding panels on the two sides of the joints are stuck with the pattern beautifying paper.
Preferably, in the eighth step, when the backing material is filled at the seam, the width of the backing material is 1.3-1.5 times of the width of the seam; the backing material is filled and is tightly free from gaps with the precast concrete cladding boards on the two sides of the joint; the backing material of the drainage ramp should be positioned from the innermost side of the seam cavity to ensure that no rain water will leak into the underlying seam cavity.
Preferably, in the step eight, when the depth of the seam is close to the designed depth of the sealant, the backing material cannot be filled, the anti-sticking material is arranged on the bottom surface of the deformation seam, the anti-sticking material is firmly bonded with the bottom surface of the seam, and the anti-sticking material is not arranged on the non-deformation seam.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the prefabricated concrete cladding panel joint partition waterproof construction method is suitable for the assembled type outer-hanging wall panels of civil buildings and industrial buildings, and the best application benefit lies in the vertical face waterproof construction of the prefabricated concrete buildings which adopt the prefabricated concrete cladding panels and have a large number of splicing joints. The seepage-proofing principle of the invention follows the concept of 'mainly guiding, secondarily blocking and regionally treating', the water outlets are reasonably arranged to form a plurality of waterproof subareas on the wall surface, and the two waterproof structural forms of waterproof construction and waterproof material are combined, so that the water entering the joint cavity is prevented from streaming along the whole wall surface, and the maintenance in the use stage is convenient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the drain port arrangement and water resistant section of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a horizontal seam of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical seam cross-section of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of the precast concrete cladding panel according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the joint treatment of the precast concrete cladding panel and the cast-in-place layer according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a failure test for a cementitious finished product in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of the cohesive non-finished failure test of the present invention (cohesive failure);
FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of the cohesive non-finished product failure test of the present invention (cohesive failure);
wherein: the concrete waterproof building block comprises, by weight, 1-precast concrete cladding panels, 2-backing strips, 3-sealant, 4-drainage cavities, 5-cast-in-place concrete layers, 6-drainage slopes, 7-drainage ports, 8-waterproof partitions and 9-anti-sticking tapes.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a waterproof construction method for joints of precast concrete cladding panels in a partitioning manner, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and combines a two-way waterproof construction form of waterproof construction and waterproof material construction to prevent water entering a joint cavity from streaming along the whole wall surface and facilitate the maintenance in the use stage.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The embodiment provides a partition waterproof construction method for joints of precast concrete cladding panels, as shown in fig. 1, a waterproof partition 8 is a rectangular surface formed by four adjacent water outlets 7, precast concrete cladding panels on the partition and joints, the existence of the partition enables the joints to timely discharge and infiltrate rainwater and other sundries from the water outlets 7 near leakage points, and convenience of repair can be rapidly provided for maintenance.
The waterproof partition 8 is planned according to:
1) the water outlet 7 is preferably arranged from the edge of the building and is preferably arranged at the edge of the building;
2) drainage ports 7 are arranged at intervals of 1 or 2 cross seams in the horizontal direction;
3) the water outlets 7 are arranged at intervals of 2 or 3 layers in the vertical direction.
Utilize the reasonable setting of outlet 7, form the waterproof form of wall subregion, reduce the length in seam cavity seepage route greatly, improve water-proof effects greatly, and convenient to use maintains.
The waterproof construction method for the joints of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 in the subareas is suitable for Chinese patent with publication number CN212478140U, CN212478140U discloses a waterproof construction method for the joints of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 in the subareas, and comprises the following steps:
before construction, early-stage preparation is carried out, and a construction drawing is examined, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 1) go through the whole picture; 2) reading node diagrams of each precast concrete cladding panel 1; 3) checking whether the construction drawing and the design drawing have contradiction;
firstly, preparing for site construction;
the field construction preparation comprises the steps of entering the prefabricated concrete cladding panel 1 for acceptance inspection:
when the precast concrete cladding panel 1 enters the field, the appearance of each precast concrete cladding panel 1 needs to be checked, the specification and the size of each precast concrete cladding panel are checked in the same team and the same variety, and the number of the checks is 5% of the number of produced products but is not less than 3;
the precast concrete cladding panel 1 has the following appearance requirements: 1) checking whether the component marks a production unit, a hanging plate model, a production date and a quality acceptance mark; 2) the appearance quality cannot have serious defects; 3) no exposed ribs, no influence on the service performance of the structure, such as honeycombs, pitted surfaces, cracks and the like;
the specification and dimension requirements of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 are as follows: 1) dimensional deviations that do not affect the mounting and use functions; 1) the sizes and positions of the embedded parts and the reserved holes are required to meet the requirements of design drawings;
secondly, hoisting the precast concrete cladding panel 1 on the same layer to an installation position;
the hoisting process comprises the following steps: preparing in the early stage of hoisting, paying off the floor of a standard floor → controlling the horizontal elevation of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 → hoisting and positioning the precast concrete cladding panel 1;
in the second embodiment, before the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is hoisted, a temporary fixing diagonal brace is pre-installed according to the size and the shape of the precast concrete cladding panel 1, a hanging nail is pre-embedded in the top of the precast concrete cladding panel 1, the hanging nail is matched with a hanging claw and a hanging chain to hoist, after the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is hoisted, a diagonal draw bar and a fixing iron plate are installed on the precast concrete cladding panel 1, the diagonal draw bar, the precast concrete cladding panel 1 and a cast-in-place concrete layer 5 are respectively connected and fixed by the fixing iron plate and a horizontal foot brace, and the perpendicularity of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 can be adjusted by twisting the diagonal draw bar;
after the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is hoisted to be in place, the temporary supporting structure is installed immediately, the perpendicularity of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is roughly measured by eye, the temporary fixing inclined strut and the fixing iron plate are installed, and the lifting hook is allowed to be separated from the lifting nail after the work is finished.
Before the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is hoisted to take one's place, should use the theodolite to measure the axis location of installation floor in advance, pop out X, Y direction position control line, control the level elevation with the level gauge in hoist and mount regional bottom, adjust the levelness with the gasket. Meanwhile, vertical center lines corresponding to the upper layer and the lower layer are popped up on the precast concrete cladding panel 1.
Step three, temporarily supporting each precast concrete cladding panel 1 on the same layer;
in the third step, the temporary fixed diagonal brace and the diagonal draw bar are connected to form a temporary support structure, and the temporary support structure is removed after the layer of beam column is poured and reaches a preset strength;
step four, correcting each precast concrete cladding panel 1 on the same layer;
in this embodiment, in step four, the calibration process of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 includes the following steps:
a, placing a leveling rod at the top of a precast concrete cladding panel 1, adjusting the precast concrete cladding panel 1 to ensure that the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is smooth, and adjusting the levelness of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 by additionally arranging a gasket;
b, measuring the verticality of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 by using a plumb bob and a guiding ruler, and adjusting a diagonal draw bar to enable the diagonal draw bar to stretch and contract so as to control the verticality of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 and enable the outer surface of each precast concrete cladding panel 1 to be kept on the same plane;
c, after the precast concrete cladding panels 1 on the same layer are adjusted, adjusting the precast concrete cladding panels 1 on the same vertical surface to ensure that the precast concrete cladding panels 1 on the layer are on the same vertical surface;
and D, warning is set around the precast concrete cladding panel 1, and non-professionals cannot enter the area and cannot randomly collide with and dismantle the temporary supporting structure.
In the fourth step, after the precast concrete cladding panels 1 of the same layer are installed and corrected, in consideration of the subsequent pouring process, waterproof tapes are pasted on the inner side surfaces of the vertical joints of the precast concrete cladding panels 1 of the same layer, so that cement paste does not enter the joints, the waterproof tapes are pasted from the upper surfaces of the grooves and the tongues of the upper parts of the precast concrete cladding panels 1, the waterproof tapes are pasted along the inner side surfaces of the precast concrete cladding panels 1 until the waterproof tapes exceed the galling treatment surface area by more than 5cm, the waterproof tapes are pasted on the joints at the intersections of the precast concrete cladding panels 1 and the beam columns, the joints at the external corners are inconvenient to paste, the joints at the external corners of the precast concrete cladding panels 1 are filled with foam tapes, and the foam tapes are filled fully.
Fifthly, pouring the beam columns on the same layer as the precast concrete cladding panels 1 in the fourth step;
after the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is installed in place, the inclined pull rod and the limiting support connecting piece which are used for temporarily fixing the precast concrete cladding panel 1 are corrected, non-professional construction personnel cannot randomly collide, disassemble or screw the pull rod wire opening, and warning signs are arranged on the inclined pull rod. Precast concrete cladding panel 1 and structural connection should be once more to precast concrete cladding panel 1 position, diagonal draw bar, spacing support connecting piece before concrete placement check, and the special messenger is assigned to patrol during concrete placement.
Sixthly, installing a limiting support connecting piece between each precast concrete cladding panel 1 on the same layer and the cast-in-place concrete layer 5 of the beam column on the same layer;
as shown in fig. 5, the joint treatment of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 and the cast-in-place concrete layer 5 is as follows: the horizontal joint of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 adopts a high-low joint structure for water proofing, and the horizontal joint and the 5-floor plane of the cast-in-place concrete layer can be in the indoor condition of being incapable of being occluded, so that the glue application of the horizontal joint on the inner side is influenced. Therefore, the most outside of the cast-in-place concrete layer 5 needs to be provided with a notch so as to be occluded with the high-low seam of the precast concrete cladding panel 1.
In the sixth embodiment, after the verticality of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is corrected, the hole diameter of the limiting support connecting piece is enlarged at the reserved hole of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 by a drilling machine until the screw is completely immersed, the mounting groove is formed at the vertical position of the reserved hole corresponding to the cast-in-place concrete layer 5, the limiting support connecting piece is mounted at the reserved hole and the mounting groove, and the deformation of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is limited.
The temporary support of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 mainly considers the problems of three aspects:
1) ensuring that the precast concrete cladding panel 1 does not overturn outwards; 2) the lower part of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is ensured to be fixed without displacement; 3) the verticality of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 can be adjusted;
the temporary supporting system of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is composed of a fixed iron plate with holes, a temporary fixed inclined strut, an inclined pull rod and a limit support connecting piece which are temporarily fixed on the precast concrete cladding panel 1, wherein the limit support connecting piece is not detached, the fixed iron plate is fixed at the edge of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 at two sides of a vertical joint through an embedded part, and the inclined pull rod connects the precast concrete cladding panel 1 with a cast-in-place concrete layer 5 through the embedded part. And after the temporary fixation, the diagonal draw bar is adjusted to adjust the verticality, and after the verticality is adjusted, the limiting support connecting piece at the lower part is installed.
Step seven, repeating the step two to the step six, and installing each layer of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 from bottom to top until each layer of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is installed;
and step eight, coating sealant 3 at the joint of the adjacent precast concrete cladding panels 1.
The measurement construction process comprises the following steps:
1) popping out a shaft net control line on the cast-in-place concrete layer 5;
2) before the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is hoisted, a position of the temporary supporting structure is popped in advance, a fixed base can be drilled and installed in advance, and the temporary supporting structure can be installed when the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is hoisted in place;
3) when the first layer of precast concrete cladding panel 1 is installed, popping up position control lines at the left end and the right end of each precast concrete cladding panel 1, aligning each layer of precast concrete cladding panel 1 with the corresponding precast concrete cladding panel 1 at the previous layer, and ensuring the width of a vertical joint seam and the penetration of a vertical joint seam;
4) measuring the plate bottom elevation of the upper layer of the precast concrete cladding plate 1 by using a level gauge, and controlling the width and the levelness of the horizontal joint of the layer of the precast concrete cladding plate 1 by using a gasket if an error exists;
5) after the temporary supporting structure of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is installed, the diagonal draw bar is adjusted to control the verticality of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 through the measurement of the guiding ruler and the plumb bob.
The earlier work confirmation of applying the sealant 3 includes:
1. environment validation
1) The glue of the sealant 3 is applied under the environment with the temperature range of 5-45 ℃ and the relative humidity range of 35-75 percent, or under the condition of strictly providing environmental data by a sealant 3 supplier; 2) construction is not recommended in rainy days, and the joints are constructed in a dry state.
2. Joint state determination
1) The depth and width of the seam are in accordance with the design requirements; 2) the base materials (the precast concrete cladding panels 1) at the two sides of the joint are in the same plane, and the plane deviation is less than or equal to 2 mm; 3) the precast concrete cladding panel 1 should not have the defect caused by collision, if there is, it should adopt non-shrinkage mortar to repair in time; 4) the surface of the joint before gluing is clean, dry and smooth, and the inside of the joint is through without impurities and blockage.
Selecting the sealant 3: 1) silane modified polyether glue (MS glue) is preferably selected; 2) 25-grade or above displacement capacity and no sagging sealant 3 are preferably selected; 3) the sealant 3 with good weather resistance, stable quality and long service life is selected; 4) the mass loss rate of the sealant 3 in a heat aging test is less than 5 percent; 5) shore hardness A should be in the range of 20-60; 6) the construction site has requirements on curing time, and multi-component sealant 3 is preferably adopted; one-component sealants 3 may be selected without curing requirements; 7) the surface drying time of the sealant 3 is detected in a construction site, and the surface drying time of the sealant 3 is within 3 hours; 8) after the type of the base material bonded by the sealant 3 is selected, the base material sample is immediately subjected to a cohesiveness test and a compatibility test to ensure that the used sealant 3 is effectively bonded with the used base material, and the bonding performance of the sealant 3 and the base material is repeatedly confirmed in a construction field test.
The sealant 3 is selected taking into account the characteristics of the outside of the seam and the inside of the seam.
The outer side of the seam: because the sealant 3 is in long-term contact with outdoor environment and is influenced by natural environment such as long-term wind, sunlight and the like, the externally adopted sealant 3 has excellent weather resistance, deformation performance and bonding performance, and can prevent secondary pollution caused by long-term use so as not to influence the decoration effect of the building facade.
The inner side of the seam: the influence of the change of the outdoor environment on the internal environment is relatively small, and the selected sealant 3 has good deformation performance and bonding performance so as to avoid sealing failure and water seepage caused by gaps.
In the eighth embodiment, before the sealant 3 is applied, the selected sealant 3 is subjected to surface dry time detection, stretch breaking time detection, and adhesion test.
Tack-free time detection
Any major change in open time (e.g. too long) may indicate that the sealant 3 has exceeded its shelf life or storage conditions are inappropriate. During the test, when the surface of the sealant 3 no longer sticks to the tool (or finger), it is indicated that the sealant 3 has been tack-free, and the time from the start to the time when tack-free occurred was recorded. If the sealer 3 is not surface dried within the prescribed time, the batch of sealer 3 cannot be used.
Snap time test (rubber cup test)
The test method is used for testing whether the curing speed of the mixed two-component sealant 3 meets the technical specification of the sealant 3.
In the test, the mixed sealant 3 sample is injected into a paper cup, a wood stick is used for fully stirring the sealant 3 sample, then the sealant 3 sample is lifted and pulled up and down, if the sealant 3 sample is linear and cannot be pulled apart, the pulling-apart time is not up, and the test is continued until the sealant 3 sample is pulled apart. And (3) recording time from the injection of the sealant 3 sample into the cup until the fracture of the sealant 3 sample is observed, namely the fracture time, and if the time is lower than the specified application period, checking whether the glue mixer needs to be adjusted or maintained, confirming whether the sealant 3 is overdue or not, and contacting a sealant 3 supplier if necessary.
Adhesion test
The adhesion test is also called hand pull test and can be divided into a finished product failure test and a non-finished product failure test.
a product failure test (as shown in fig. 6). The sealant 3 of the detected part of the joint is destructive, is suitable for carrying out adhesion test on the spot, and can be used for testing the problems of incomplete cleaning of the surface of the substrate, no primary coating, improper primary coating and the like caused by gluing of the sealant 3 on the spot. The test is carried out after the sealant 3 is completely cured, and the adhesive property is qualified when the sealant 3 breaks in pulling or reaches the preset elongation. When stretching, the sealant 3 should be kept vertical to the vertical surface to be pulled at a constant speed.
b non-finished product damage test, which can be simply tested on the same substrate surface and used for replacing the test when the test of the finished product is difficult or impossible to detect. In the test, the test was passed if cohesive failure occurred before the sealant 3 and the substrate were completely peeled off (as shown in fig. 8), and the test was failed if adhesive failure occurred (as shown in fig. 7). In the test, 3 sealant strips and the non-peeled adhesive tape are pulled at 180 degrees.
In the eighth embodiment, before the sealant 3 is applied, the joints of the adjacent precast concrete cladding panels 1 are cleaned, a backing material or an anti-sticking material is filled, and the precast concrete cladding panels 1 on the two sides of the joints are pasted with the pattern paper.
The method for cleaning the joint comprises the following steps:
1) removing substances such as cement laitance, dust sand grains, paint and the like at the joint by using a steel brush or a small shovel, and if sundries which are difficult to clean exist, cleaning the matters by using a grinding machine to ensure that the two sides of the joint are smooth;
2) oily soils and films require cleaning with degreasing solvents such as xylene;
3) in winter, isopropanol or butanone and water can be mixed into a solvent according to the ratio of 1:1, the solvent is poured on water-absorbing and non-delinting clean cotton cloth, and condensed water and frost on the surface of the base material are cleaned;
4) the surface of the substrate can also be cleaned by other cleaning agents recommended by sealant 3 suppliers;
5) if the original sealant 3 exists at the joint, the old sealant 3 layer is cleaned and then new sealant is applied.
In this embodiment, in the eighth step, the backing material is filled to form the backing strip 2, the backing strip 2 should prevent the sealant 3 from forming three-sided adhesion, and the backing material is Polyethylene (PE) or foamed neoprene. The depth of the seam is adjusted by filling a backing material, the depth of the sealant 3 is generally half of the width of the seam, when the backing material is filled in the seam, the width of the backing material is 1.3-1.5 times of the width of the seam, when the width of the sealant 3 exceeds 25mm, the depth is controlled to be about 12mm, and the gluing thickness is not more than 12 mm; the backing material is tightly filled with the precast concrete cladding panels 1 at the two sides of the joint without gaps, the backing material is uniformly filled in the joint, and the backing material is continuously filled; the backing material of the drainage ramp 6 should be placed starting from the innermost side of the joint cavity to ensure that no rain water will leak into the underlying joint cavity.
In this embodiment, in step eight, when the depth of the joint is close to the designed depth of the sealant 3, the backing material cannot be filled, the anti-sticking material is disposed on the bottom surface of the deformation joint, the anti-sticking material is firmly bonded to the bottom surface of the joint, and the anti-sticking material is not disposed on the non-deformation joint.
Beautiful line paper is pasted on the precast concrete cladding panel 1 at the two sides of the joint, and the distance between the beautiful line paper tape and the edge of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is about 2mm, so that firm and straight pasting is ensured.
Before the coating, the state of the sealant 3 is confirmed
Confirming the state of the sealant 3, and cutting the seal of the single-component sealant 3 and filling the seal into a glue gun or a glue beating machine; the two-component sealant 3 can be used for gluing after being mixed as follows;
1) adding the curing agent and the coloring agent which are packaged in a fixed amount into a main agent barrel according to the dosage required by a supplier of the sealant 3;
2) placing the main agent barrel on a special glue mixing machine, fastening a fixing buckle, and installing a stirring paddle;
3) setting stirring time for 15min, starting a power switch, and automatically mixing glue according to a set program; stirring for multiple times and using a manual stirrer to prevent bubbles from being mixed;
4) after the glue mixing is finished, whether the glue mixing is uniform can be judged through a butterfly test: extruding the glue on a crease of a folded hardboard, fully folding and extruding paper surface, and then spreading and observing, wherein if the glue sample has no obvious heterochromatic stripes, the glue is considered to be uniformly mixed;
5) the stirring paddle is taken out, the sealant 3 attached to the paddle is scraped into the barrel, and then the main agent barrel is taken out and vertically shocked for a plurality of times.
6) The mixed sealant 3 is extracted for use by a special sealant gun, and the mixed sealant 3 is noticed to be used as soon as possible to avoid the sunshine.
And if the bonding quality of the sealant 3 and the base material (the precast concrete cladding panel 1) cannot meet the requirement in the service life, performing primary coating. The primer solution is a high chemical activity solution, and the main components of the primer solution contain two different functional groups, wherein one functional group can react with the functional group on the substrate to form a chemical bond, and the other functional group can form a chemical bond with the functional group on the sealant 3. After curing, a layer of firm coating-bottom coating cured material is formed, and is a transition layer between the adhesive and an adherend, and the bonding force between the cured material and the structural adhesive and between the cured material and the substrate is superior to that between the structural adhesive and the substrate, so that a bridging effect is achieved, and the substrate and the structural adhesive are tightly bonded.
The primer is required to be used in the compatibility and cohesiveness test results, or the primer is required to be used under the conditions that the adhesion speed of the surface of some base materials and the structural adhesive is slow, or the adhesion is poor (such as low-temperature environment and the like). In some cases, after the cleaning is performed correctly, the base material and the structural adhesive are not adhered to each other, and a primer coat is also used. Proper use of the primer helps to produce a strong and consistent hermetic bond to surfaces that are otherwise not readily bondable.
The base coat specifically comprises the following steps:
1) pouring the primer into a small container, screwing down the primer tank to prevent the primer tank from reacting with air quickly, and not pouring the primer in the container for more than 10 minutes in order to prevent the primer from losing efficacy;
2) pouring the primer on clean cloth and uniformly coating the primer on the surface of the substrate, and coating the primer on the surface which is difficult to smear or rough by using a brush;
3) applying glue (generally 10-30min) after the primer is volatilized and dried;
4) if too much primer is applied, a powdery film is formed on the surface of the material. And before the sealant 3 is coated, a clean and non-delinting dry cloth or a non-metallic brush is used for removing the redundant primer.
Coating a sealant 3: 1) cutting the glue nozzle to a proper caliber along an angle of 45 degrees, wherein the outer diameter of the glue gun nozzle is slightly smaller than the width of the seam, so that the gun nozzle can penetrate into the seam to fix the glue application depth;
2) the gun nozzle should be kept at a constant speed and slowly during glue application, and the squeezing action should be kept uniform;
3) enough sealant 3 is continuously poured and can slightly overflow, so that a cavity is prevented from being formed below the sealant and the adhesive tape, and the good combination of the sealant 3 and the bonding surface is ensured.
4) The vertical seams are applied with glue from bottom to top, and the glue application is carried out in the same direction;
5) when glue is applied to the cross-shaped seam or the T-shaped seam, enough sealant 3 is firstly extruded into the interface, and the glue is respectively pulled and applied to other directions;
6) compacting and leveling the sealant 3 by a scraper against the sizing direction within the specified operation time after sizing;
7) after finishing the glue seam, carefully tearing off the pattern beautifying paper;
8) after the sealant 3 is completely cured, a water spraying test is carried out according to the standard requirement, the waterproof effect is checked, if the waterproof is unqualified, the treatment and remediation are carried out in time, and the water spraying test is carried out again.
When the sealant 3 and the base coat are applied, attention needs to be paid to: 1) the sealant 3 with light color or special color is required to avoid contacting with acidic or alkaline substances (such as exterior wall cleaning solution and the like), otherwise, the surface of the sealant 3 can be discolored; 2) the primary coating and the sizing process are carried out on the same day; 3) when in high-temperature construction, the surface of the sealant 3 colloid is preferably leveled into a plane shape; when in low-temperature construction, the surface of the colloid is preferably modified into a concave shape; 4) a drainage slope 6 is arranged at the drainage port 7, and the drainage slope 6 is not higher than the horizontal joint;
5) the complete curing time of the sealant 3 is 7-21 days, and after complete curing, a point is preferably selected for carrying out a cohesive finished product failure test.
The seam of this embodiment adopts the waterproof two way configuration form of combining waterproof and material waterproofing of structure, and waterproof includes two aspects: firstly, the air pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the joint is balanced by utilizing a cavity formed between the sealant 3 at the inner side and the outer side of the joint, so that the aim of water prevention is fulfilled; secondly, the horizontal joint is in a high-low joint or tongue-and-groove joint mode, even if the outer side sealing glue 3 is waterproof and ineffective, moisture cannot permeate into the inner side sealing glue 3. The waterproof material means that the joints are sealed by waterproof sealant 3, so that the waterproof performance is ensured, and the requirement of deformation of the joints of the external wallboard is well met.
The key technology of the embodiment lies in that a partition drainage method is adopted, the method is that the drainage slope 6 for cutting off the through seam is regularly arranged on the vertical surface, the whole wall is divided into relatively independent waterproof areas, even if the leakage phenomenon occurs in individual partitions, no leakage risk is generated in other waterproof partitions 8, and finally the integral waterproof capability of the vertical surface is improved. When leakage and blockage occur in the region, the site causing the leakage and the blockage can be found more conveniently, and the problems of difficult investigation and inconvenient maintenance during the leakage of the through seam are solved. In the embodiment, all construction procedures can be independently completed by only one glue applicator, and compared with the mortar joint plugging method before improvement, the embodiment omits the flow of mortar transportation, plugging, grouting and maintenance and replaces the flow with the glue applicator of the sealant 3; compared with the waterproof method of the sealant 3 provided with the continuous cavity before improvement, the method has the advantage that the step of arranging the drainage slope 6 at the designated cross seam is added in the glue application process. The joint water prevention of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 adopts two waterproof methods, the waterproof performance is excellent, and the prefabricated concrete cladding panel can adapt to the deformation of the outer hanging wall panel. The sealant 3 has good weather resistance and bonding property, can ensure that good waterproof property is maintained in the day-to-day wind-blowing and sun-drying process, and has good bonding property with concrete, so that rainwater cannot infiltrate into joints due to the damage of a bonding surface. The method of dividing the water outlet 7 into areas is utilized in the embodiment to solve the problem of seam penetration of the vertical seams, rainwater and sundries in the seams are discharged more reasonably and timely, the risk of seam leakage and the rainwater retention time are reduced, and the waterproof service life of the seams is prolonged.
The precast concrete cladding panel 1 is produced in a factory, the used template can be recycled, the efficiency and the quality can be ensured, compared with the traditional construction method, the construction area per square meter can save 25 to 30 percent of labor, and the manufacturing cost is reduced by 10 to 15 percent. Because the time of formwork support, formwork removal, concrete curing and the like of the traditional cast-in-place structure is reduced, the construction speed is greatly accelerated, the construction period is shortened by about 50 percent, the loan repayment time of loan construction is shortened, the investment recovery period is shortened, the overall cost investment is reduced, and the obvious economic benefit is achieved.
The mill can be to 1 customization production of precast concrete cladding panel, and when flow line production can guarantee that wallboard surfacing precision is within 3mm, precast concrete cladding panel 1 can accomplish cast-in-place facade effect that is difficult to accomplish, can also make structure, heat preservation, decoration an organic whole, especially adopts sealed 3 subregion waterproof construction methods of glue, can effectively reduce the seepage risk of assembled masonry concrete cladding panel, has solved the general problem of quality of assembled cladding panel building outer wall seepage.
The vertical effect of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 customized in factory production can make the building have pleasing vertical effect, can reflect different styles of each building, and add a plurality of different colors for urban construction. The pollution of air, noise, dust and the like caused by field construction can be avoided during factory production, and necessary contribution is provided for cleanness, tidiness and livability of the surrounding environment. Compared with the traditional cast-in-place production, the method greatly saves water, building materials, fields and the like, saves resources and fields, improves the dirty and poor impression of site management and promotes the progress of building industrialization.
Examples of the applications
Application example one
1) The upgrading and modifying project (newly built part) of the reserved place of Changsha city is positioned in the static garden of the Xinjiang sand of Changsha countyWherein, the total building area of the dormitory building of the first and second case handling cadre 42470m2Building area 2800m2The structure of the engineering is a frame shear wall type system, the overground two-layer structure is a pure cast-in-place structure, and the three layers and above are in an assembled concrete structure form. The layer height is 3.6m, and the total number of layers is 15.
The assembled part adopts a precast concrete cladding panel 1, wherein the size of the largest precast concrete cladding panel 1 is 4000mm multiplied by 3600mm multiplied by 180 mm. The precast concrete cladding panel 1 is an open square frame, and the opening filling part can be made into a whole wall and an aluminum window according to requirements.
All the precast concrete cladding panels 1 adopt an upper line bearing type, the lower part is supported in a limiting way, the vertical joint and the horizontal joint are lifted, and the cast-in-place part is operated to form a through joint, the width of the vertical joint is between 10mm and 20mm, and the width of the horizontal joint is between 15mm and 30 mm. The seam sealant 3 adopts a dolomite SMP 551.
Application example two
The West autonomous state female health care hospital is located in a double-river community of the open area of Ji city of the West Tujia, wherein an outpatient building and a hospitalized building adopt an assembled integral frame structure, and the total building area is 18539.39m2. The outpatient building is 4 floors above the ground and 1 floor below the ground, and the height of the outpatient building is 18 m; the height of the hospitalized building is 36m with 9 floors above the ground and 1 floor below the ground.
The building envelope structure adopts a precast concrete cladding panel 1, and the thickness of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 is 70mm (concrete) + 60mm (XPS) of an insulating layer and 70mm (concrete) of an inner leaf. The precast concrete cladding panel 1 adopts an upper line bearing type and a lower limit support; the horizontal joint of the connecting part of the upper layer wall body and the lower layer wall body of the precast concrete cladding panel 1 adopts the structure waterproof and material waterproof double insurance, thereby solving the hidden trouble of water leakage. The joint sealant 3 is a universal building sealant 3 of the type Sikaflex-129 of the Xika.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A waterproof construction method for joints of precast concrete cladding panels in subareas is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing for site construction;
secondly, hoisting the precast concrete cladding panel on the same layer to an installation position;
step three, temporarily supporting each precast concrete cladding panel on the same layer;
step four, correcting each precast concrete cladding panel on the same layer;
fifthly, pouring the beam columns on the same layer as the precast concrete cladding panels in the fourth step;
sixthly, installing a limiting support connecting piece between each precast concrete cladding panel on the same layer and the cast-in-place concrete layer of the beam column on the same layer;
step seven, repeating the step two to the step six, and mounting each layer of the precast concrete cladding panel from bottom to top until the installation of each layer of the precast concrete cladding panel is finished;
and step eight, coating sealant at the joints of the adjacent precast concrete cladding panels.
2. The precast concrete cladding panel joint partition waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the second step, before the precast concrete cladding panel is hoisted, a temporary fixed inclined strut is pre-installed according to the size and the appearance of the precast concrete cladding panel, and an inclined pull rod is installed after the precast concrete cladding panel is hoisted.
3. The precast concrete cladding panel joint partition waterproof construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: and in the third step, the temporary fixed inclined strut is connected with the inclined strut to form a temporary supporting structure.
4. The precast concrete cladding panel joint partition waterproof construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the fourth step, the correcting process of the precast concrete cladding panel comprises the following steps:
a, placing a leveling rod at the top of a precast concrete cladding panel, and adjusting the precast concrete cladding panel to ensure the flatness of the precast concrete cladding panel;
b, measuring the verticality of the precast concrete cladding panels by using a plumb bob and a guiding ruler, and adjusting the diagonal draw bars to enable the diagonal draw bars to stretch and contract so as to control the verticality of the precast concrete cladding panels and keep the outer surfaces of the precast concrete cladding panels on the same plane;
c, after the precast concrete cladding panels on the same layer are adjusted, adjusting each precast concrete cladding panel on the same vertical surface to ensure that the precast concrete cladding panels on the layer are on the same vertical surface;
and D, warning is set around the precast concrete cladding panel, and non-professionals cannot enter the area and cannot randomly collide and disassemble the temporary support structure.
5. The precast concrete cladding panel joint partition waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fourth step, after the installation and correction of the precast concrete cladding panels on the same layer are finished, the inner side surface of the vertical joint of the precast concrete cladding panels on the same layer is pasted with the waterproof adhesive tape, the waterproof adhesive tape is pasted from the upper surface of the groove and tongue of the upper part of the precast concrete cladding panel and is pasted along the inner side surface of the precast concrete cladding panel until the waterproof adhesive tape exceeds the galling treatment surface area, the waterproof adhesive tape is pasted on the joint of the intersection of the precast concrete cladding panel and the beam column for the whole length, and the joint of the external corner of the precast concrete cladding panel is filled with the foam adhesive.
6. The precast concrete cladding panel joint partition waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and sixthly, after the verticality of the precast concrete cladding panel is corrected, installing the limiting support connecting piece at the position of the preformed hole of the precast concrete cladding panel, forming an installation groove at the vertical position of the cast-in-place concrete layer corresponding to the preformed hole, and installing the limiting support connecting piece at the preformed hole and the installation groove to limit the deformation of the precast concrete cladding panel.
7. The precast concrete cladding panel joint partition waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and step eight, before the sealant is coated, performing surface drying time detection, breaking time detection and adhesion test on the selected sealant.
8. The precast concrete cladding panel joint partition waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and step eight, before the sealant is coated, cleaning the joints of the adjacent precast concrete cladding panels, filling a backing material or an anti-sticking material, and sticking masking paper on the precast concrete cladding panels at the two sides of the joints.
9. The precast concrete cladding panel joint partition waterproof construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: in the step eight, when the back lining material is filled in the seam, the width of the back lining material is 1.3-1.5 times of the width of the seam; the backing material is filled and is tightly free from gaps with the precast concrete cladding boards on the two sides of the joint; the backing material of the drainage ramp should be positioned from the innermost side of the seam cavity to ensure that no rain water will leak into the underlying seam cavity.
10. The precast concrete cladding panel joint partition waterproof construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: and step eight, when the depth of the joint is close to the designed depth of the sealant, the backing material cannot be filled, the anti-sticking material is arranged on the bottom surface of the deformation joint, the anti-sticking material is firmly bonded with the bottom surface of the joint, and the anti-sticking material is not arranged on the non-deformation joint.
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| CN212478140U (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-02-05 | 长沙理工大学 | A prefabricated concrete outer hanging board drainage structure |
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| US20120174511A1 (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2012-07-12 | Harding Peter W | Non-Structural Insulating Panel System |
| CN109653516A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-04-19 | 成都建工第二建筑工程有限公司 | Concrete and hung plate construction method for hanging |
| CN110872869A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-10 | 中铁城建集团第二工程有限公司 | Waterproof construction method for joints of external wall panels |
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Application publication date: 20211116 |