CN113731047A - Flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal integrated device and treatment process thereof - Google Patents
Flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal integrated device and treatment process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113731047A CN113731047A CN202110937588.3A CN202110937588A CN113731047A CN 113731047 A CN113731047 A CN 113731047A CN 202110937588 A CN202110937588 A CN 202110937588A CN 113731047 A CN113731047 A CN 113731047A
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 desulfurizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000916 dilatatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
- B01D2251/304—Alkali metal compounds of sodium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
- B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
- B01D2251/604—Hydroxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
- B01D2251/606—Carbonates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and dedusting integrated device which comprises a desulfurizer generating unit, a desulfurization pipeline, a reaction tower and an induced draft fan, wherein the desulfurizer generating unit, the desulfurization pipeline, the reaction tower and the induced draft fan are sequentially arranged from a flue gas inlet direction to a flue gas outlet direction; wherein, the desulfurizer generating unit is communicated with a first flue gas pipeline in the desulfurization pipeline; the desulfurization pipeline comprises a first flue gas pipeline, a Venturi tube and a second flue gas pipeline; the Venturi tube is horizontally arranged between the first flue gas pipeline and the second flue gas pipeline; the gas inlet of the reaction tower is connected with the gas outlet of the second flue gas pipeline; the gas outlet of the reaction tower is connected with a pipeline of a draught fan; the mounting part is arranged on the pattern plate and used for movably mounting the bag-type dust collector. This technical scheme combines together SOx/NOx control and dust removal technology, simplifies SOx/NOx control equipment unit to realize SOx/NOx control dust removal integrated device's design, had that area is little, reaction unit is few, disposable economic input is few advantage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of atmospheric pollution control engineering, in particular to a flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and dedusting integrated device and a treatment process.
Background
In recent years, the country imposes stricter restriction on the emission of pollutants in the steel industry, particularly NOx, however, the traditional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification process of a thermal power plant is not suitable for treating the flue gas emitted by steel enterprises. How to further control and reduce SO in flue gas2The emission of pollutants such as NOx, smoke dust and the like becomes an important link of the atmosphere pollution prevention work of the steel enterprises, and the steel enterprises are forced to design and develop or introduce advanced pollutant control technologies meeting the smoke emission requirements. The prior flue gas desulfurization and denitration technology in China still has many problems and defects, SO how to further control and reduce SO in flue gas2And the emission of pollutants such as smoke dust and the like is a key link in the work of preventing and controlling atmospheric pollution.
Aiming at the increasingly strict flue gas emission standard in China, the research of the flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal integrated technology which has the advantages of high pollutant removal efficiency, strong adaptability, simple operation and stable operation is an important direction for the development of the flue gas treatment technology in China at the present stage.
The integrated technology for desulfurization and denitrification at the present stage has the defects of low pollutant removal efficiency, high cost, complex reaction process of desulfurization and denitrification, large occupied area of equipment, high cost, poor adaptability and the like. The existing denitration and dust removal integrated device is poisoned mostly due to reasons of large flue gas humidity, smoke blockage and the like, and the reaction time of flue gas and a denitration catalyst is short, so that the denitration efficiency is poor, and the economic benefit of installing each device is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal integrated device and a treatment process thereof, aiming at overcoming the defects of the existing denitration and dust removal integrated device.
In a first aspect of the invention, a flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal integrated device is provided. The device comprises a desulfurizer generation unit, a desulfurization pipeline, a reaction tower and an induced draft fan which are sequentially arranged from the direction of a flue gas inlet to the direction of a flue gas outlet; wherein,
the desulfurizer generating unit comprises an aerosol generator and an air compressor, and the lower end of a feeding hopper of the aerosol generator is communicated with a first flue gas pipeline in the desulfurization pipeline;
the desulfurization pipeline comprises a first flue gas pipeline, a Venturi tube and a second flue gas pipeline; the air inlet of the Venturi tube is hermetically connected with the air outlet of the first flue gas pipeline, and the air outlet of the Venturi tube is hermetically connected with the air inlet of the second flue gas pipeline;
the reaction tower comprises: air inlet on the side of lower part, air outlet on the side of upper part, and flower plate on the upper part of inner part; the gas inlet of the reaction tower is connected with the gas outlet of the second flue gas pipeline; the gas outlet of the reaction tower is connected with the induced draft fan pipeline;
the mounting part is arranged on the pattern plate and used for movably mounting the bag-type dust collector.
Furthermore, the Venturi tube comprises a contraction tube, a throat tube and an expansion tube which are arranged in sequence.
Further, the bag-type dust collector comprises a filter bag and a filter cage; wherein,
the filter cage comprises a clamping groove and a filter body; the filter body is connected with the clamping groove; the filter body is a foam metal material loaded with a denitration catalyst; the filter bag is a folding fold filter bag and is sleeved outside the filter cage; the filter bag is fixed in a clamping groove at the top of the filter cage through an elastic expansion ring at the opening of the filter bag; the bag-type dust collector is movably arranged on the mounting part of the pattern plate through the clamping groove with the elastic expansion ring.
The folded pleated filter bag increases the filtering area of the filter bag, reduces the filtering air speed, can increase the reaction time, plays a role in efficiently blocking smoke dust, and forms a filtering layer containing a large amount of substances such as desulfurizer, smoke dust and the like on the surface of the filtering layer.
The foam metal material is adopted to replace the original filter body, the foam metal material is light in weight and high in strength, and the overall weight of the device is reduced on the premise of meeting the supporting effect on the filter bag. The foam metal is a two-phase composite material consisting of a metal matrix framework continuous phase and an air hole disperse phase or a continuous phase, has the advantages of high air permeability, large specific surface area of pores and the like, can be loaded with a large amount of catalyst to achieve the catalysis effect, and can overcome the problems of heavy weight, frangibility, easy blockage and the like of the traditional catalyst. The foam metal material also has the advantages of high strength and strong stability, and can be repeatedly cleaned and repeatedly loaded with the catalyst to realize the purpose of recycling and reducing the economic cost.
Furthermore, the filtering mode of the filter bag is an external filtering mode.
Furthermore, the filter body is welded or movably connected with the clamping groove.
Furthermore, the card is provided with one or more mounting parts for mounting one or more bag-type dust collectors. The bag-type dust collector is movably mounted on the mounting part of the pattern plate. The pattern plate plays a role in fixing and supporting the bag-type dust collector. The bag-type dust collector is matched with the flower plate without a gap, so that two completely isolated spaces are formed in the reaction tower, and the phenomenon of clean gas recontamination is avoided.
Further, the integrated device also comprises an ammonia gas inlet hole which is positioned at the air inlet of the reaction tower.
In a second aspect of the invention, a treatment process for desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal of flue gas is provided. The treatment process comprises the following steps:
1) treating a desulfurizing agent: compressed air is used as carrier gas, and the desulfurizer is thinned and dispersed in a nozzle to form aerosol which is then sprayed into a flue gas pipeline; firstly, pouring the desulfurizer into a feeding hopper of the aerosol generator, and forming high-speed airflow at a nozzle by compressed air to disperse the shearing force of turbulent gas, so that the desulfurizer forms aerosol in the nozzle;
2) and (3) pipeline desulfurization treatment: desulfurizing agent and smoke dust flow at high speed in the smoke pipeline to desulfurize, and after passing through the throat of the Venturi tube, the desulfurization reaction is accelerated to realize primary desulfurization treatment; after the desulfurizer and the smoke enter the contraction tube of the Venturi tube along with the smoke, the velocity of the airflow at the throat is maximum, and the desulfurizer, the smoke and the SO2The gas is in a turbulent flow state in the venturi tube, is fully mixed and generates a series of gas-solid non-catalytic reactions, so as to play a role in accelerating the desulfurization reaction;
3) dust removal and desulfurization treatment: after entering a reaction tower, substances such as a desulfurizer, smoke dust, flue gas and the like are filtered and dedusted on the surface of a filter bag of a bag-type dust remover, and a desulfurization reaction is carried out in a filter layer formed on the surface of the filter bag to realize deep desulfurization treatment; the ammonia gas participates in the reaction and assists in carrying out the desulfurization reaction; the gas flow velocity of the flue gas at the bottom of the reaction tower is lower, and the retention time of the flue gas on the surface of the filter bag is longer in the filtering process of the filter bag, SO that the filter bag has the function of efficiently blocking substances such as smoke dust, and the SO in the flue gas2Enough time is provided for NOx and other substances to carry out desulfurization reaction with desulfurizer, smoke dust and other substances deposited on the surface of the filter bag, so as to achieve deep desulfurization treatment; substances such as smoke dust, moisture and the like are effectively filtered, and the phenomenon that substances such as smoke dust, moisture and the like enter the filter body and then react with the denitration catalyst to cause the poisoning phenomenon of the denitration catalyst is avoided;
4) denitration treatment: the flue gas after dust removal and desulfurization treatment reacts with foam metal loaded with a denitration catalyst at the filter body of the bag-type dust remover to achieve the denitration effect, and thus the clean flue gas is obtained.
Further, the desulfurizer adopts one or a combination of more of sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide, and the particle size range of the desulfurizer is 1-25 μm.
Furthermore, the filter layer is formed by depositing substances such as a desulfurizer, smoke dust, sulfate and the like on the surface of the filter bag.
Furthermore, the inlet temperature of the flue gas is 130-200 ℃, and the method is suitable for the dry-method medium-low temperature flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal technology.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the following technical effects can be achieved:
the increase of the Venturi tube improves the efficiency of the dry desulfurization technology and lays a foundation for the realization of the integration of flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal; by replacing the common filter bag and the filter body in the bag-type dust collector with the folding pleated filter bag and the foam metal material loaded with the denitration catalyst, substances such as smoke dust, moisture and the like are effectively filtered, the phenomenon that the substances such as smoke dust, moisture and the like react with the denitration catalyst after entering the filter body to cause the poisoning phenomenon of the denitration catalyst is avoided, the folding pleated filter bag greatly increases the filtering area and can reduce the filtering air speed, so that the reaction time of smoke and the denitration catalyst can be prolonged, the denitration efficiency of the denitration catalyst is finally improved, the denitration filter body is high in strength and strong in stability and can be repeatedly cleaned, and the denitration catalyst is loaded for multiple times, so that the economic cost is reduced; the technology combines the desulfurization and denitrification technology with the dust removal technology, simplifies the desulfurization and denitrification equipment unit, and realizes the design of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal integrated device. The device also has the advantages of small occupied area, few reaction devices and low one-time economic investment.
It should be understood that the statements herein reciting aspects are not intended to limit the critical or essential features of any embodiment of the invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.
Drawings
The above and other features, advantages and aspects of various embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent by referring to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like or similar reference characters designate like or similar elements, and wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the venturi of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the bag-type dust collector in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a process for removing contaminants from the bag-type dust collector of FIG. 1;
wherein, the correspondence between the reference numbers and the component names in fig. 1 to 3 is:
1 aerosol generator, 2 Venturi tubes, 21 contraction tubes, 22 throat tubes, 23 expansion tubes, 3 ammonia gas inlet holes, 4 reaction towers, 41 elastic expansion rings, 42 pattern plates, 43 filter bags and 44 filter bodies.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In addition, the term "and/or" herein is only one kind of association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing denitration and dust removal integrated device, and discloses a flue gas desulfurization, denitration and dust removal integrated device and a treatment process thereof.
In the following, referring to fig. 1 to 3, a first aspect of the present invention is described, and an integrated device for desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal of flue gas is provided.
Referring to fig. 1, the device comprises a desulfurizer generation unit, a desulfurization pipeline, a reaction tower 4 and an induced draft fan which are sequentially arranged from the direction of a flue gas inlet to the direction of a flue gas outlet; wherein,
the desulfurizer generation unit comprises an aerosol generator 1 and an air compressor, and the lower end of a feeding hopper of the aerosol generator 1 is communicated with a first flue gas pipeline in the desulfurization pipeline;
the desulfurization pipeline comprises a first flue gas pipeline, a Venturi tube 2 and a second flue gas pipeline; the air inlet of the Venturi tube 2 is hermetically connected with the air outlet of the first flue gas pipeline, and the air outlet of the Venturi tube 2 is hermetically connected with the air inlet of the second flue gas pipeline;
the reaction tower 4 includes: air inlet on the side of lower part, air outlet on the side of upper part, and flower plate on the upper part of inner part; the gas inlet of the reaction tower 4 is connected with the gas outlet of the second flue gas pipeline; the air outlet of the reaction tower 4 is connected with the induced draft fan pipeline;
the mounting part is arranged on the pattern plate and used for movably mounting the bag-type dust collector.
In another embodiment, with reference to fig. 2, the venturi tube 2 comprises a converging tube 21, a throat tube 22 and a diverging tube 23 arranged in sequence. The integrated device according to the present application specifically selects the appropriate venturi, the specific selection requirements of which are as follows: diameter D of the throat 220Is smaller than the diameter D of the inlet end of the shrink tube 211And the diameter D of the outlet end of the expanding tube 232(ii) a The length L of the shrink tube 211Less than the length L of the dilating tube 232. The inlet end diameter D of the shrink tube 211And the diameter D of the outlet end of the expanding tube 232Equal to the diameter D of the flue gas duct. The contraction angle a of the contraction tube 211Is 10-20 degrees, preferably a1At 15 deg. the length L of said shrink tube 211Is composed of
Expansion angle a of the expansion tube 232Is 10-12 degrees, preferably a2Is 7 DEG, the length L of the expansion tube 232Is composed of
In the formula, D is the diameter of the flue gas pipeline and the unit is m; d0Is the diameter of the throat in m. The diameter of the throat 21 is calculated in the mode of
In the formula, D0Is the diameter of the throat in m; q is the flue gas flow rate in m3/h；v0Designing the wind speed for the throat pipe, wherein the unit is m/s; the length L of the throat 210Diameter D of throat 210The value of (A) is 0.8 to 1.5. The venturi tube is suitable for use, so that the desulfurization reaction can be accelerated, and the desulfurization efficiency of the device is improved.
In another embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the bag-type dust collector comprises a filter bag 43, a filter cage; wherein the filter cage comprises a clamping groove and a filter body 44; the filter body 44 is connected with the clamping groove; the filter body 44 is a foam metal material loaded with a denitration catalyst; the filter bag 43 is a folding pleated filter bag and is sleeved outside the filter cage; the filter bag 43 is fixed in the clamping groove at the top of the filter cage through an elastic expansion ring 41 at the opening of the filter bag 43; the bag-type dust collector is movably arranged on the pattern plate 42 through the clamping groove with the elastic expansion ring 41.
The folded pleated filter bag increases the filtering area of the filter bag, reduces the filtering air speed, can increase the reaction time, plays a role in efficiently blocking smoke dust, and forms a filtering layer containing a large amount of substances such as desulfurizer, smoke dust and the like on the surface of the filtering layer.
The foam metal material is adopted to replace the original filter body, the foam metal material is light in weight and high in strength, and the overall weight of the device is reduced on the premise of meeting the supporting effect on the filter bag. The foam metal is a two-phase composite material consisting of a metal matrix framework continuous phase and an air hole disperse phase or a continuous phase, has the advantages of high air permeability, large specific surface area of pores and the like, can be loaded with a large amount of catalyst to achieve the catalysis effect, and can overcome the problems of heavy weight, frangibility, easy blockage and the like of the traditional catalyst. The foam metal material also has the advantages of high strength and strong stability, and can be repeatedly cleaned and repeatedly loaded with the catalyst to realize the purpose of recycling and reducing the economic cost.
In another embodiment, the filtering manner of the filter bag 43 is an external filtering manner.
In another embodiment, the filter body 44 is welded or otherwise movably connected to the slot.
In another embodiment, one or more mounting parts are arranged on the pattern plate and used for mounting one or more bag-type dust collectors. The bag-type dust collector is movably mounted on the mounting part of the pattern plate. The pattern plate plays a role in fixing and supporting the bag-type dust collector. The bag-type dust collector is matched with the flower plate without a gap, so that the reaction tower 4 forms two completely isolated spaces, and the phenomenon of clean gas recontamination is avoided.
Further, the integrated device also comprises an ammonia gas access hole 3 which is positioned at the air inlet of the reaction tower 4.
In the second aspect of the invention, with reference to fig. 1 to 4, a treatment process for desulfurization, denitrification and dedusting of flue gas is provided. The treatment process comprises the following steps:
1) treating a desulfurizing agent: compressed air is used as carrier gas, and the desulfurizer is thinned and dispersed in a nozzle to form aerosol which is then sprayed into a flue gas pipeline; firstly, pouring the desulfurizer into a feeding hopper of the aerosol generator, and forming high-speed airflow at a nozzle by compressed air to disperse the shearing force of turbulent gas, so that the desulfurizer forms aerosol in the nozzle;
2) and (3) pipeline desulfurization treatment: the desulfurizer flows at a high speed in the flue gas pipeline along with the flue gas for desulfurization, and after passing through the throat of the Venturi tube, the desulfurization reaction is accelerated, so that the primary desulfurization treatment is realized; after the desulfurizing agent and the smoke enter a contraction pipe of the Venturi tube along with the smoke, the speed of the air flow is increased along with the reduction of the cross section area, the cross section area at the throat is minimum, the speed of the air flow is maximum, the pressure energy of the air flow is gradually converted into kinetic energy, namely the kinetic energy at the throat is maximum, and the static pressure is reduced to the lowest value. When the smoke flows to the expansion section through the throat pipe, the airflow speed is reduced along with the increase of the cross section area, and the smoke speed is gradually recovered. The highest velocity of the gas passing through the throat pipe can generally reach 40m/s-180 m/s. At the moment, when the inside of the Venturi tube is in a turbulent flow state, the pressure of the Venturi tube expansion tube is gradually reduced along the gas movement direction, a large amount of desulfurizer and flue gas are sucked and enter the throat tube along with the gas flow to start full mixing and generate a series of gas-solid non-catalytic reactions, the desulfurizer and the flue gas can generate a collision effect when entering the Venturi tube, the collision is mainly expressed as the collision between particles and the collision between the particles and the tube wall, the contact between the particles and the flue gas is increased, the accelerated desulfurization reaction is realized, and the desulfurization efficiency is improved.
3) Dust removal and desulfurization treatment: referring to fig. 4, substances such as a desulfurizing agent, smoke dust, flue gas, and the like enter the reaction tower, and then are filtered and dedusted on the surface of the filter bag of the bag-type dust remover, and a desulfurization reaction is performed in the filter layer formed on the surface of the filter bag, so that deep desulfurization treatment is realized; the ammonia gas participates in the reaction and assists in carrying out the desulfurization reaction; the gas flow velocity of the flue gas at the bottom of the reaction tower is lower, and the retention time of the flue gas on the surface of the filter bag is longer in the filtering process of the filter bag, SO that the flue gas filtering device has the function of efficiently blocking substances such as smoke dust, and SO in the flue gas2Enough time is provided for NOx and other substances to carry out desulfurization reaction with desulfurizer, smoke dust and other substances deposited on the surface of the filter bag, so as to achieve deep desulfurization treatment; substances such as smoke dust, moisture and the like are effectively filtered, and the phenomenon that substances such as smoke dust, moisture and the like enter the filter body and then react with the denitration catalyst to cause the poisoning phenomenon of the denitration catalyst is avoided;
4) denitration treatment: referring to fig. 4, the flue gas after dust removal and desulfurization treatment reacts with the foam metal loaded with the denitration catalyst at the filter body of the bag-type dust remover to achieve denitration, and the clean flue gas is discharged out of the induced draft fan after reaching the standard.
In another embodiment, the desulfurizing agent is one or more of sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide, and the particle size of the desulfurizing agent is 1-25 μm.
In another embodiment, the filter layer is formed by depositing desulfurizing agents, smoke dust, sulfate and the like on the surface of the filter bag. The bag-type dust collector is provided with an automatic/manual dust cleaning system on the surface of a filter bag, and when pressure loss load is reached, dust can be automatically cleaned to prevent the filter bag from being blocked. The pressure loss load of the bag-type dust collector is 850-950 pa.
In another embodiment, the inlet temperature of the flue gas is 130-200 ℃. Is suitable for dry-method medium-low temperature flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal technology.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the following technical effects can be achieved:
the increase of the Venturi tube improves the efficiency of the dry desulfurization technology and lays a foundation for the realization of the integration of flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal; by replacing the common filter bag and the filter body in the bag-type dust collector with the folding pleated filter bag and the foam metal material loaded with the denitration catalyst, substances such as smoke dust, moisture and the like are effectively filtered, the phenomenon that the substances such as smoke dust, moisture and the like react with the denitration catalyst after entering the filter body to cause the poisoning phenomenon of the denitration catalyst is avoided, the folding pleated filter bag greatly increases the filtering area and can reduce the filtering air speed, so that the reaction time of smoke and the denitration catalyst can be prolonged, the denitration efficiency of the denitration catalyst is finally improved, the denitration filter body is high in strength and strong in stability and can be repeatedly cleaned, and the denitration catalyst is loaded for multiple times, so that the economic cost is reduced; the technology combines the desulfurization and denitrification technology with the dust removal technology, simplifies the desulfurization and denitrification equipment unit, and realizes the design of the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal integrated device. The device also has the advantages of small occupied area, few reaction devices and low one-time economic investment.
In the description of the present specification, the terms "connect", "mount", "fix", and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connect" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," etc. means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal integrated device is characterized by comprising a desulfurizer generation unit, a desulfurization pipeline, a reaction tower and an induced draft fan which are sequentially arranged from a flue gas inlet direction to a flue gas outlet direction; wherein,
the desulfurizer generating unit comprises an aerosol generator and an air compressor, and the lower end of a feeding hopper of the aerosol generator is communicated with a first flue gas pipeline in the desulfurization pipeline;
the desulfurization pipeline comprises a first flue gas pipeline, a Venturi tube and a second flue gas pipeline; the air inlet of the Venturi tube is hermetically connected with the air outlet of the first flue gas pipeline, and the air outlet of the Venturi tube is hermetically connected with the air inlet of the second flue gas pipeline;
the reaction tower comprises: air inlet on the side of lower part, air outlet on the side of upper part, and flower plate on the upper part of inner part; the gas inlet of the reaction tower is connected with the gas outlet of the second flue gas pipeline; the gas outlet of the reaction tower is connected with the induced draft fan pipeline;
the mounting part is arranged on the pattern plate and used for movably mounting the bag-type dust collector.
2. The integrated device of claim 1, wherein the venturi comprises a converging tube, a throat tube, and a diverging tube arranged in series.
3. The integrated device of claim 1, wherein the bag-type dust collector comprises a filter bag, a filter cage; wherein,
the filter cage comprises a clamping groove and a filter body; the filter body is connected with the clamping groove; the filter body is a foam metal material loaded with a denitration catalyst; the filter bag is a folding fold filter bag and is sleeved outside the filter cage; the filter bag is fixed in a clamping groove at the top of the filter cage through an elastic expansion ring at the opening of the filter bag; the bag-type dust collector is movably arranged on the mounting part of the pattern plate through the clamping groove with the elastic expansion ring.
4. The integrated device of claim 3, wherein the filter bag is of an external filter type.
5. The integrated device of claim 1, wherein the faceplate is provided with one or more mounting portions for mounting one or more bag-type dust collectors.
6. The integrated apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an ammonia gas inlet hole at an air inlet of the reaction tower.
7. A treatment process for desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal of flue gas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) treating a desulfurizing agent: compressed air is used as carrier gas, and the desulfurizer is thinned and dispersed in a nozzle to form aerosol which is then sprayed into a flue gas pipeline;
2) and (3) pipeline desulfurization treatment: desulfurizing agent and smoke dust flow at high speed in the smoke pipeline to desulfurize, and after passing through the throat of the Venturi tube, the desulfurization reaction is accelerated to realize primary desulfurization treatment;
3) dust removal and desulfurization treatment: after entering a reaction tower, a desulfurizer, smoke dust and flue gas are filtered and dedusted on the surface of a filter bag of a bag-type dust remover, and a desulfurization reaction is carried out in a filter layer formed on the surface of the filter bag to realize deep desulfurization treatment;
4) denitration treatment: the flue gas after dust removal and desulfurization treatment reacts with foam metal loaded with a denitration catalyst at the filter body of the bag-type dust remover to achieve the denitration effect, and thus the clean flue gas is obtained.
8. The treatment process of claim 7, wherein the desulfurizing agent is one or more of sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide.
9. The process according to claim 7, wherein the filter layer consists of a deposition of desulphurating agents, fumes and sulphate substances on the surface of the filter bag.
10. The process of claim 7 wherein the flue gas has an inlet temperature of 130-200 ℃.
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