CN113758337B

CN113758337B - Energy storage device, cold storage system, cold storage and supply system and cold chain transport box

Info

Publication number: CN113758337B
Application number: CN202011062330.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈金红
Original assignee: Zhejiang Xuebolan Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Xuebolan Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-03
Filing date: 2020-09-30
Publication date: 2024-11-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-30
Also published as: CN113758340A; CN113758339A; CN113758336A; CN113758335A; CN113758337A; CN113758340B; CN113758338A; CN113758338B; CN113758341A

Abstract

The invention provides an energy storage device, a cold charge and accumulation system, a cold accumulation and supply system and a cold chain transport case with the energy storage device, wherein the energy storage device comprises a shell, and comprises an outer tube, wherein the outer tube is provided with a first end and a second end which are positioned at two opposite sides of the central axis of the outer tube; the inner tube is arranged in the outer tube in a penetrating manner, the inner tube is offset towards the first end relative to the outer tube, and the distance between the central axis of the inner tube and the central axis of the outer tube is not smaller than a threshold L2; a plurality of heat conducting fins connected with the outer wall of the inner tube; the length and/or the arrangement density of the heat conducting fin contacting the side of the inner tube facing the first end is smaller than that of the heat conducting fin contacting the side of the inner tube facing the second end.

Description

Energy storage device, cold charge and accumulation system, cold accumulation and supply system and cold chain transport case

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cold accumulation, in particular to an energy storage device capable of preventing deformation or breakage, a cold charge and accumulation system, a cold accumulation and supply system and a cold chain transport case with the energy storage device.

Background

With the improvement of living standard, more and more application scenes need to provide cold or heat. If the refrigerating unit is arranged in all application scenes, the cost and the energy consumption are high.

For example, cold chain logistics (Cold Chain Logistics) generally refers to a system engineering of refrigerating and freezing foods in a specified low-temperature environment all the time in the links from production, storage, transportation and sales to consumption so as to ensure the quality of the foods and reduce the loss of the foods. The traditional cold chain transport vehicle supplies power to the refrigerating unit through gasoline or a battery pack, and the refrigerating unit works to cool the refrigerator; the refrigerating unit needs to work in the whole transportation section, and has large energy consumption and low utilization rate.

In order to save energy and protect environment, the cold chain transport vehicle is provided with an energy storage device, cold is stored in the original place, and the cold storage unit supplies cold for the refrigerator in the whole transport process, so that the energy consumption is reduced. However, the conventional cold storage unit is easy to deform or crack during use.

In view of the foregoing, there is a need for an improved energy storage device, and a cold-charging and cold-accumulating system, a cold-accumulating and cold-supplying system and a cold chain transportation box with the energy storage device, so as to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an energy storage device capable of preventing cracking, a cold charge and accumulation system, a cold accumulation and supply system and a cold chain transport case with the energy storage device.

In order to achieve one of the above purposes, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an energy storage device comprising:

a housing comprising an outer tube having a first end and a second end on opposite sides of a central axis thereof;

The inner tube is arranged in the outer tube in a penetrating manner, the inner tube is offset towards the first end relative to the outer tube, and the distance between the central axis of the inner tube and the central axis of the outer tube is not smaller than a threshold L2;

a plurality of heat conducting fins connected with the outer wall of the inner tube;

The length and/or the arrangement density of the heat conducting fin contacting the side of the inner tube facing the first end is smaller than that of the heat conducting fin contacting the side of the inner tube facing the second end.

Further, the offset distance is between a threshold L2 and a threshold L3, L2 being less than L3; the heat conductive sheet extends outwardly from the inner tube.

Further, a closed energy storage cavity is formed between the outer shell and the inner tube, and the heat conducting sheet comprises:

Two heat transfer sheets connected with the inner tube and the outer shell, the two heat transfer sheets extend from the inner tube to the first end and the second end respectively, the two heat transfer sheets divide the energy storage cavity into two sub energy storage cavities,

A plurality of cooling fins connected with the inner tube and positioned in the sub energy storage cavity, wherein gaps are reserved between the cooling fins and the outer tube;

And the length and/or the arrangement density of the radiating fins are increased in the sub energy storage cavity from the first end to the second end along the circumferential direction of the inner tube.

Further, the included angles between the adjacent heat conducting fins are the same from the first end to the second end along the circumferential direction of the inner tube, and the lengths of the heat radiating fins are gradually increased;

or, the lengths of the radiating fins are the same from the first end to the second end along the circumferential direction of the inner tube, and the included angle between the adjacent heat conducting fins is gradually reduced;

Or, the length of the heat sink is gradually increased from the first end to the second end along the circumferential direction of the inner tube, and the included angle between the adjacent heat conducting fins is gradually reduced.

Further, the radiating fins in the two sub energy storage cavities are symmetrically arranged relative to the heat transfer fin.

Further, the offset distance is not less than the threshold L3, L2 is less than L3; the heat conducting fin comprises a heat conducting fin connected with the inner tube and the outer shell, and a plurality of radiating fins connected with the inner tube, wherein the heat conducting fin extends from the inner tube to the first end, a gap is reserved between the radiating fin and the outer tube, and the radiating fin extends from the inner tube towards the second end and simultaneously extends towards the direction deviating from the inner tube.

Further, the length of the heat sink increases gradually from the first end to the second end.

Further, the plurality of heat radiating fins are symmetrically arranged relative to the heat transfer fin.

A cold-charge cool storage system, comprising:

the cooling device comprises a cooling filling pipe and a fluid medium positioned in the cooling filling pipe;

The cold carrying pipe is positioned in the inner pipe, and the outer wall of the cold carrying pipe is tightly attached to the inner wall of the inner pipe; or the cold carrying pipe is communicated with the inner pipe.

The cooling unit comprises a compressor, a condenser communicated with the compressor and a throttling element communicated with the condenser, and two ends of the cooling carrying pipe are respectively communicated with the throttling element and the compressor;

or, the cold filling unit comprises a cold source with a secondary refrigerant inside, two ends of the cold carrying tube are respectively communicated with the cold source, and the cold source and the cold carrying tube jointly form a circulating channel of the secondary refrigerant.

A cold accumulation and supply system, comprising:

The energy storage device;

The cooling unit comprises a cooling pipe, wherein the cooling pipe is positioned in the inner pipe, and the outer wall of the cooling pipe is tightly attached to the inner wall of the inner pipe; or the cold supply pipe is communicated with the inner pipe.

A cold chain transport case comprising the above energy storage device.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the energy storage device, the inner pipe is shifted to the first end, and the heat exchange speed of the inner pipe is faster than that of the energy storage material positioned on the side of the second end and the inner pipe through the energy storage material positioned on the side of the first end; the temperature of the energy storage material positioned on the side of the first end is reduced faster, and the phase change occurs first; the temperature reduction speed of the energy storage material positioned at the side where the second end is positioned is slower, and then the phase change occurs, so that the phase change of the energy storage material in the energy storage cavity from the first end to the second end can be effectively controlled, and the deformation or the rupture of the energy storage device caused by the disorder of the phase change direction is avoided.

Further, the length and/or the arrangement density of the heat conducting fin contacting with the side of the inner tube facing the first end is smaller than the heat conducting fin contacting with the side of the inner tube facing the second end, so that the energy storage material positioned on the side of the inner tube facing the second end can also quickly obtain heat or cold, and the integral cold storage speed is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an energy storage device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an end schematic view of the outer tube, inner tube and thermally conductive sheet of the energy storage device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an end view schematic of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of another preferred embodiment of the energy storage device from the perspective of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the phase comparison sequence of points in the energy storage device of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view of another preferred embodiment of the energy storage device from the perspective of FIG. 4;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B of FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of another embodiment from the perspective of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is an exploded view of another embodiment of an energy storage device;

FIG. 12 is an exploded view of another embodiment of an energy storage device;

FIG. 13 is an exploded view of another preferred embodiment of the energy storage device from the perspective of FIG. 4;

FIG. 14 is an exploded view of another preferred embodiment of the energy storage device from the perspective of FIG. 4;

FIG. 15 is an exploded view of another preferred embodiment of the energy storage device from the perspective of FIG. 4;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of another embodiment of an energy storage device;

FIG. 17 is an exploded view of FIG. 16;

fig. 18 is an end view of the outer tube, inner tube and thermally conductive sheet of fig. 16.

The heat-storage device comprises a 100-energy storage device, a 1-shell, a 11-energy storage cavity, a 111-sub energy storage cavity, a 12-outer tube, a 13-end cover, a 131-material injection port, a 132-sealing piece, a 133-through hole, a 134-sleeve, a 14-connecting channel, a 14' -auxiliary connecting channel, a 2-inner tube, a 3-heat-conducting fin, a 31-heat-conducting fin, a 32-radiating fin and a 4-cold-carrying tube.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the drawings. These embodiments are not intended to limit the invention and structural, methodological, or functional modifications of these embodiments that may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art are included within the scope of the invention.

In the various illustrations of the invention, certain dimensions of structures or portions may be exaggerated relative to other structures or portions for convenience of illustration, and thus serve only to illustrate the basic structure of the inventive subject matter.

Referring to fig. 1 to 18, an energy storage device 100 of the present invention includes a housing 1, an inner tube 2 penetrating through the housing 1, a closed energy storage cavity 11 formed by the housing 1 and the inner tube 2, and a heat conducting fin 3 located in the energy storage cavity 11; the heat conductive sheet 3 is in contact with at least one of the outer case 1 or the inner tube 2 to increase the heat exchange rate.

The shape of the housing 1 is not limited, and can be changed adaptively according to the need or installation space. The shell 1 is a shell body which is integrally sealed, or the shell 1 is provided with an opening and a sealing structure for sealing the opening; so long as a certain amount of energy storage material can be stored in a sealing manner.

For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the housing 1 includes an outer tube 12, and end caps 13 closing both ends of the outer tube 12, the end caps 13 are any structures closing both ends of the outer tube 12, and the end caps 13 are separately or integrally disposed with the outer tube 12.

Wherein the cross-sectional shape of the outer tube 12 is circular, polygonal, or any other shape, including but not limited to triangular, square, hexagonal, trapezoidal, etc.

The end cover 13 is provided with a through hole 133 for the inner tube 2 to pass through, and after the inner tube 2 is placed at the through hole 133, the joint of the end cover 13 and the inner tube 2 is sealed in a welding mode or the like, so that the process is convenient to manufacture. Meanwhile, the end cover 13 and/or the outer tube 12 are provided with a material injection port 131 for injecting energy storage material into the energy storage cavity 11, and after the energy storage material is injected, the material injection port 131 is blocked and sealed by a sealing member 132.

The energy storage device 100 further comprises an energy storage material, preferably a phase change material, located in the energy storage chamber 11, which can store or release a large amount of energy during the phase change. In the phase change process, the volume of the energy storage material changes to give a certain pressure to the shell 1, and meanwhile, the gas in the energy storage cavity 11 is compressed to generate a certain pressure to the shell 1; considering the pressure that the energy storage device 100 can bear comprehensively, the addition amount of the energy storage material is as follows: when the energy storage material is in a liquid state, the volume of the energy storage material is not more than 80% of the volume of the energy storage cavity 11, so that the energy storage device 100 cannot be caused by the increase of the volume when the energy storage material changes phase.

The cross-sectional shape of the inner tube 2 is circular, polygonal or any other shape. The inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12 may have the same cross-sectional shape, and the relative positions of the two may be clear at a glance. Or the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12 have different cross-sectional shapes, so that the selection space of the two is increased, and the optimal shape combination can be performed according to the actual situation.

In a preferred embodiment, the two ends of the inner tube 2 are exposed outwards from the end caps 13, facilitating the welding of the inner tube 2 to the outer shell 1. Specifically, the through hole 133 of the end cover 13 is sleeved on the inner tube 2, and then the end cover 13 and the inner tube 2 are welded on the outer side of the end cover 13.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 10, an inwardly extending sleeve 134 may be provided on the end cap 13, and the inner tube 2 may be connected to the sleeve 134, where the inner tube 2 is located inside the outer shell 1. Of course, the sleeve 134 may extend outwardly from the end cap 13.

The heat conductive sheet 3 can expand the heat transfer area, thereby improving the heat exchange rate. Therefore, the heat exchange speed in the energy storage chamber 11 can be changed by adjusting the structure, the arrangement density, and the like of the heat conductive sheet 3. The specific structure of the heat conductive sheet 3 and the arrangement thereof will be described in detail with reference to the relative positions of the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12.

The heat conducting fin 3 comprises a heat conducting fin 31 contacted with the inner tube 2 and the outer shell 1, and the heat conducting fin 31 supports and fixes the inner tube 2, and simultaneously enables rapid heat exchange between the inner tube 2 and the outer shell 1, so that the inner tube 2 and the outer shell 1 exchange heat with energy storage materials in the energy storage cavity 11 from the inner side and the outer side respectively, and heat exchange efficiency is improved.

For example, when the inner tube 2 is connected to the cooling unit, the cooled inner tube 2 exchanges heat with the outer shell 1 through the heat transfer sheet 31, so that the temperature of the outer shell 1 is reduced, and then the outer shell 1 and the inner shell exchange heat with the energy storage material at the same time, so that the cooling speed of the energy storage material is increased.

In one embodiment, the heat transfer fins 31 extend outwardly from the inner tube 2. "extending from inside to outside" means: the heat transfer fins 31 have a tendency to extend from the inside to the outside, including but not limited to extending radially outwardly of the inner tube 2.

Further, the heat transfer sheet 31 includes an inner connection portion connected to the inner tube 2 and/or an outer connection portion connected to the outer case 1, improving the connection strength and heat transfer performance of the heat transfer sheet 31 with the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12. The thickness of the inner connecting part is reduced from the middle to two sides along the circumferential direction of the inner pipe 2, so that the connection strength and the heat transfer effect are enhanced; the inner connecting portion has an inner surface, and an outer wall of a portion where the inner tube 2 and the heat transfer sheet 31 are connected is identical to the inner surface, and the outer wall is tightly connected to the inner surface. The thickness of the outer connecting part is reduced from the middle to the two sides along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, so that the connecting strength and the heat transfer effect are enhanced; the outer connecting portion has an outer side surface, and an inner wall of a portion where the housing 1 is connected to the heat transfer sheet 31 is identical to the outer side surface, and the inner wall is tightly connected to the outer side surface.

The heat transfer sheet 31 may be in the shape of a sheet, an arc, a spiral, or the like. Preferably in a sheet shape, and is convenient to manufacture, and particularly, the process difficulty is greatly reduced when the inner tube 2, the heat transfer sheet 31 and the outer shell 1 are integrally formed. After being cut along the axial direction perpendicular to the inner tube 2, the cross section of the heat transfer sheet 31 is rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, arc-shaped, etc.

Taking a sheet shape as an example, the thickness of the heat transfer sheet 31 is not less than 1.5mm, preferably 1.5 mm-2 mm, the heat transfer sheet 31 has enough strength to support and fix the inner tube 2, and meanwhile, the heat conduction sheet 3 with the thickness has small thermal resistance, so that the thermal attenuation of the heat transfer sheet 31 can be effectively reduced, and the effective heat transfer between the outer tube 12 and the inner tube 2 is ensured.

As is clear from the above, the greater the number of heat transfer fins 31, the faster the heat exchange speed of the entire energy storage device 100. The number of the heat transfer pieces 31 is calculated according to the extending direction of the heat transfer pieces 31 relative to the inner tube 2, that is, the heat transfer pieces 31 extending from the inner tube 2 to different directions are two different heat transfer pieces 31; not directly calculated as the connection point of the heat transfer sheet 31 and the heat transfer sheet 31.

The inventors have found that when at least two of the heat transfer fins 31 are included, the heat transfer fins 31 divide the accumulator chamber 11 into at least two sub accumulator chambers 111. In the use process, when the energy storage material in the sub energy storage cavity 111 changes in phase change volume, the shell 1 surrounding the sub energy storage cavity is deformed or broken, so that the use and the appearance are affected; or the heat transfer sheet 31 surrounding the sub-accumulator chamber is deformed or broken, affecting the heat exchange rate.

To solve this problem, the energy storage device 100 further comprises a connecting channel 14 that communicates with at least two of the sub energy storage chambers 111. The sub energy storage cavities 111 are communicated through the communication channel 14, when the energy storage material changes phase to expand in volume when acquiring cold energy or heat, for example, the energy storage material changes from liquid state to solid state, the liquid energy storage material can flow in the adjacent sub energy storage cavities 111 through the communication channel 14, the pressure of a single sub energy storage cavity is released, and the energy storage device 100 is prevented from deforming or bursting.

Specifically, the connecting passage 14 is located between the heat transfer sheet 31 and the inner tube 2, or the connecting passage 14 is located between the heat transfer sheet 31 and the outer shell 2; or the connecting channel 14 penetrates the heat transfer sheet 31, that is, the connecting channel 14 is disposed inside the heat transfer sheet 31.

In a preferred embodiment, the heat transfer sheet 31 extends along the axial direction of the inner tube 2, and the connecting channel 14 is located between at least one end of the heat transfer sheet 31 along the axial direction of the inner tube 2 and the inner tube 2; and/or the connecting channel 14 is located between at least one end of the heat transfer sheet 31 in the axial direction of the inner tube 2 and the outer shell 1. The design greatly reduces the processing difficulty, particularly in the energy storage device 100 formed by integrating the inner tube 2, the heat transfer sheet 31 and the outer tube 12, after the energy storage device is formed, part of the heat transfer sheet 31 is removed from at least one end of the heat transfer sheet 31 along the axial direction of the inner tube 2 to form the connecting channel 14, and the process is simple and feasible.

Of course, the communication channel 14 may be disposed at a radial edge of the heat transfer sheet 31, including two cases: the connecting channel 14 is positioned at the edge of the heat transfer sheet 31 adjacent to the inner tube 2, and the connecting channel 14 is positioned between the heat transfer sheet 31 and the inner tube 2; or, the communication channel 14 is located at the edge of the heat transfer sheet 31 adjacent to the outer tube 12, and the communication channel 14 is located between the heat transfer sheet 31 and the outer tube 12.

Alternatively, the connecting passage 14 may extend through the heat transfer sheet 31 at a position intermediate the heat transfer sheet 31.

Further, the heat conductive sheet 3 further includes at least one heat radiating sheet 32 located in the sub-accumulator 111, and the heat exchange speed can be further increased by the heat radiating sheet 32. The heat radiating fins 32 are connected with the inner tube 2, and a gap is arranged between the heat radiating fins 32 and the outer shell 1; or the heat sink 32 is connected to the housing 1, and a gap is provided between the heat sink 32 and the inner tube 31.

The heat sink 32 differs from the heat transfer fin 31 in structure only in that: the thickness of the heat radiating fins 32 is smaller than that of the heat transfer fins 31, so that the heat exchange speed is improved, the excessive energy storage cavities 11 are not occupied, and meanwhile, the weight and the cost can be reduced.

And a gap is formed between the radiating fin 32 and the shell 1 or the inner tube 2, so that the smooth flow path of the energy storage material in the energy storage cavity 11 is ensured, and the flow resistance of the energy storage material is reduced.

Preferably, auxiliary connecting channels 14' are provided on the heat sink 32 at positions corresponding to the connecting channels 14, so as to ensure that the flow of the energy storage material is unobstructed. By "corresponding locations" is meant locations where the communication channels 14 map to the fins 32 in the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the fluid medium can rapidly pass through the adjacent communication channels 14 and the auxiliary communication channels 14', thereby increasing the circulation speed.

Specifically, at least one end of the heat transfer fin 31 and the heat radiation fin 32 is located inside the housing 1 in the axial direction of the inner tube 2, that is, the housing 1 is beyond the ends of the heat transfer fin 31 and the heat radiation fin 32. Preferably, the heat transfer fins 31 and the heat dissipation fins 32 are flush along the same end of the inner tube 2 in the axial direction and have a gap with the outer shell 1, the gap forms the communication channel 14, and the energy storage materials in different sub energy storage cavities 111 flow at the gap.

In one embodiment, the housing 1 includes an outer tube 12 and end caps 13 connected to two ends of the outer tube 12, the inner tube 2 extends along the axial direction of the outer tube 12, two ends of the inner tube 2 are exposed outwards from the end caps 13, and two ends of the heat transfer sheet 31 along the radial direction of the inner tube 2 are respectively contacted with the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12; the heat transfer fins 31 and the heat radiating fins 32 have a gap between the end of the inner tube 2 in the axial direction and the end cap 13, and the gap constitutes the connecting passage 14.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a plurality of heat transfer sheets 31 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, the inner tube 2 is stressed and balanced, and the heat distribution on the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12 is uniform, so that the temperature of a part of the region is prevented from being too low, and the temperature of other regions is prevented from being too high.

The heat dissipation fins 32 in each of the sub energy storage chambers 111 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the temperature distribution in the energy storage chamber 11 is relatively uniform. In this case, energy storage materials which undergo a small volume change during the endothermic or exothermic process, such as "non-freezing liquids" with a low freezing point or energy storage materials with a high boiling point, are preferred. When the energy storage material undergoes small volume change, the energy storage material flows to the adjacent sub energy storage cavities 111 through the communication channels 14, so that the pressure is released, and the energy storage device 100 is prevented from deforming or cracking.

Specifically, the heat conducting fin 3 includes 3 heat conducting fins 31, two heat dissipating fins 32 located in each of the sub energy storage cavities 111, and the heat conducting fins 31 and the heat dissipating fins 32 are arranged reasonably, so that heat transfer efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the space of the energy storage cavity 11 is not occupied excessively.

The inventors have also found in the study that the rate of phase change of the energy storage material is related to the rate of cooling capacity or heating capacity, and the location of the inner tube 2 in the outer tube 12, the structure of the heat transfer fins 31 and the arrangement thereof, and/or the structure of the heat dissipation fins 32 and the arrangement thereof all have an influence on the rate of cooling capacity or heating capacity of the energy storage material, and the faster the rate of cooling capacity or heating capacity of the energy storage material is, the faster the rate of phase change occurs.

The heat transfer fin 31 and the heat dissipation fin 32 divide the energy storage cavity 11 into a plurality of small non-closed cavities; if the energy storage material at the outlet of the cavity is subjected to a phase change with a larger volume than the energy storage material in the cavity, for example, after the energy storage material at the outlet of the cavity is changed from a liquid state to a solid state, the energy storage material in the cavity is changed from the liquid state to the solid state, so that the shell 1, the inner tube 2 or the heat conducting fin 3 surrounding the cavity is deformed or burst. Conversely, if the energy storage material in the cavity has a phase change with a larger volume than the energy storage material at the outlet, that is, the phase change speed of the energy storage material in the energy storage cavity decreases from inside to outside, the liquid or gaseous energy storage material flows outwards when the phase change with a larger volume occurs in the cavity, so that the deformation or cracking phenomenon of the energy storage device 100 can be avoided; it is therefore important how the direction of the change of phase change speed in at least part of the area within the energy storage chamber 11 is controlled.

In the present invention, in part of the energy storage cavity 11, the structure of the heat conducting fin 3 and its arrangement mode meet at least one of the following conditions: the length of the heat conductive sheet 3 decreases in the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, the arrangement density of the heat conductive sheet 3 decreases in the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the thickness of the heat conductive sheet 3 decreases in the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2. In the above-mentioned decreasing direction, the heat or cold provided by the heat conducting fin 3 to the energy storage liquid in the energy storage cavity is decreased, and the phase change speed of the energy storage liquid is decreased, so as to avoid deformation or rupture of the energy storage device 100.

The "part of the accumulator chambers" is a part of the accumulator chambers 11, and in the embodiment in which the heat conductive sheet 3 includes the heat transfer sheet 31 and the heat dissipation sheet 32 as described above, the "part of the accumulator chambers" is a sub accumulator chamber 111 between two adjacent heat transfer sheets 31. The "decrease" means that there is a decrease trend in a unit volume, and may be continuous decrease, or intermittent decrease such as equi-differential decrease or stepwise decrease.

Specifically, the heat conducting fin 3 extends from the inner tube 2 in a direction away from the inner tube 2, and the heat conducting fin 3 includes an inner tube 2 connected to a heat transfer fin 31 in contact with both the inner tube 2 and the outer shell 1 and the inner tube 2, at least two of the heat transfer fins 31 dividing the energy storage chamber 11 into at least two sub energy storage chambers 111; the cooling fin 32 is located in the sub energy storage cavity 11, and a gap is formed between the cooling fin 32 and the housing 1.

The included angle between at least two adjacent heat transfer fins 31 is in the range of 90 DEG.ltoreq.alpha.ltoreq.180 DEG, the length of the heat dissipation fin 32 located between the two heat transfer fins 31 decreases along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and/or the arrangement density of the heat dissipation fin 32 decreases along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, so that the heat transfer area of the heat dissipation fin 32 decreases from one of the heat transfer fins 31 to the other heat transfer fin 31, and the phase change of the energy storage liquid in the sub energy storage chamber 111 gradually occurs along the decreasing direction; and/or the thickness of the heat radiating fins 32 is reduced in the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, so that the thermal decay of the heat radiating fins 32 is increased in the aforementioned reducing direction, whereby the phase change of the accumulator fluid in the sub-accumulator chamber 111 gradually occurs in the reducing direction.

In the first embodiment, referring to fig. 6 to 8, the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12 are concentrically arranged, that is, the central axis of the inner tube 2 coincides with the central axis of the outer tube 12, so that the whole energy storage device 100 is balanced, easy to manufacture and long in service life. At this time, the phase change order of the energy storage material in the different regions is controlled by adjusting at least one of the structure or the set density of the heat conductive sheet 3.

Specifically, referring to fig. 6 to 8, at least two heat transfer fins 31 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, the arrangement density of a plurality of heat dissipation fins 32 decreases, and/or the length of the heat dissipation fins 32 decreases in the direction from one heat transfer fin 31 to another heat transfer fin 31 arranged adjacent thereto. Therefore, the heat dissipation plate 32 is arranged in a region with large density or long length, the sum of heat transfer areas of the heat dissipation plate 32 is large, and the region with large heat transfer area changes phase firstly and then the region with small heat transfer area changes phase; so that the energy storage material gradually changes phase in the arrow direction shown in fig. 7, and deformation or breakage of the energy storage device 100 is avoided.

Specifically, the heat radiation fins 32 have the same length in the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the arrangement density between the adjacent heat conduction fins 3 decreases, that is, the angle between the adjacent heat conduction fins 3 increases. The smaller the included angle is, the smaller the cavity between two adjacent heat conducting fins 3 is, the faster the energy storage material in the cavity obtains cold or heat, and the earlier the phase change occurs. The included angle between the heat conducting fins 3 includes an included angle between the adjacent heat conducting fins 31 and the adjacent heat radiating fins 32, and an included angle between the adjacent two heat radiating fins 32.

Or, the included angle between adjacent heat conducting fins 3 is the same along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the length of the heat radiating fins 32 is reduced. The longer the fin 32 is, the larger the heat transfer area is, the faster the energy storage material adjacent to the fin is to acquire cold or heat, and the earlier the phase change is. Referring to fig. 6, the longer the length La of the heat sink 32 is, the shorter the distance Lb of the heat sink 32 from the housing 1 is; for example, lb1 is smaller than Lb2.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 6 to 8, the included angle between adjacent heat conducting fins 3 increases along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the length of the heat dissipating fin 32 decreases, so that the larger the difference between the speeds of acquiring cold or heat in different areas, the more favorable the gradual phase change occurs.

The thickness of the heat conductive sheet 3 gradually decreases in the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the larger the thickness of the heat conductive sheet, the smaller the thermal attenuation and the smaller the thermal resistance, and the faster the heat transfer speed, the above-described technical effects can be achieved.

Further, according to the above embodiment, the heat conducting plate 3 includes two heat transfer plates 31 extending toward the first end and the second end, respectively, and the two heat transfer plates 31 divide the energy storage chamber 11 into two sub energy storage chambers 111 symmetrically arranged; the heat radiating fins 32 located in the two sub energy storage chambers 111 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the heat transfer fins 31. Therefore, from the first end to the second end, the phase change speeds of the energy storage liquids in the two sub energy storage chambers 11 are identical, that is, the phase change speeds of the energy storage liquids at two sides of the two heat transfer sheets 31 are substantially identical, so that deformation or breakage of the heat transfer sheets 31 can be avoided.

Referring to fig. 7, the energy storage material at each point in the energy storage cavity 11 obtains cold or heat from the inner tube 2, the heat conducting sheet 3 and the outer tube 12 adjacent to the energy storage material, and the arrows in fig. 7 illustrate the order of the energy obtained at different points. In the use process, when the energy storage device 100 is installed, one side with larger setting density of the heat conducting fin 3 is required to be placed below, and one side with smaller setting density of the heat conducting fin 3 is placed above, so that the liquid or gaseous energy storage material flows upwards, and the expansion pipe is avoided.

Taking the case of cooling the energy storage device 100 from the inner tube 2, the cooling rate of the energy storage material in the area closer to the inner tube 2 between each two heat conducting fins 3 is faster, and crystallization occurs earlier; the greater the setting density of the heat conducting fin 3, the faster the energy storage material in the area obtains heat or cold, and the earlier crystallization occurs; therefore, the energy storage material gradually changes phase according to the direction indicated by the arrow, and gas and liquid can effectively flow upwards, so that the expansion pipe is effectively avoided.

In addition, referring to fig. 13 to 18, the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12 are eccentrically disposed, that is, the central axis of the inner tube 2 is deviated from the central axis of the outer tube 12.

Specifically, the outer tube 12 has a first end and a second end located at opposite sides of the central axis, and after the inner tube 2 is biased toward the first end, the heat exchange speed between the energy storage material located at the side of the first end and the inner tube 2 is faster than the heat exchange speed between the energy storage material located at the side of the second end and the inner tube 2. If the cooling speed of the energy storage material positioned on the side where the first end is positioned is higher after the inner pipe 2 is connected with the cooling unit, the phase change occurs first; the temperature reduction speed of the energy storage material positioned at the side of the second end is slower, and then the phase change occurs, so that the phase change of the energy storage material in the energy storage cavity 11 from the first end to the second end can be effectively controlled, and the deformation or rupture of the energy storage device 100 caused by disorder of the phase change direction is avoided.

In a second embodiment, as shown in fig. 13 or 14, the offset distance between the central axis of the inner tube 2 and the central axis of the outer tube 12 is not greater than a threshold L1, and the heat-conducting fin 3 extends from the inner tube 2 radially outwards of the inner tube 2.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 13, the included angles between the adjacent heat conducting fins 3 are equal along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the lengths of the heat dissipating fins 31 are the same, which is also beneficial for the energy storage material to gradually change phase based on the eccentric arrangement of the inner tube 2.

The heat conducting fin 3 comprises two heat transfer fins 31, and the two heat transfer fins 31 divide the energy storage cavity 11 into two sub energy storage cavities 111; the heat conducting fin 3 further comprises a plurality of heat radiating fins 32 connected with the inner tube 2 and located in the sub energy storage cavities 111, gaps are reserved between the heat radiating fins 32 and the outer shell 1, and in each sub energy storage cavity 111, the heat radiating fins 32 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2.

Preferably, the heat radiating fins 32 located in the two sub energy storage chambers 111 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the heat transfer fins 31.

As shown in fig. 14, the arrangement of the heat sink 32 is the same as that of the embodiment shown in fig. 6 to 8, and will not be repeated here. On the basis of the eccentric arrangement of the inner tube 2, and the dual function of reducing the length or the arrangement density of the cooling fins 32, the phase change of the energy storage material is more facilitated gradually.

In a third embodiment, as shown in fig. 15 to 18, the inner tube 2 is offset from the central axis of the outer tube 12 toward the first end, and the offset distance is not less than a threshold L2; at this time, the offset distance of the inner tube 2 is large, and the amount of cold or heat carried by the inner tube is far greater than that of the heat conducting fins 3, so that the amount of heat or cold obtained by the energy storage material from the inner tube 2, the heat conducting fins 3 and the outer tube 12 is in a tendency of decreasing from the first end to the second end; so that the energy storage material gradually changes phase along one direction, and deformation or fracture of the energy storage device 100 caused by the phase change from multiple directions to the middle is avoided.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 15, when the offset distance is between the threshold L2 and the threshold L3, L2 is smaller than L3; the fins each extend outwardly from the inner tube 2.

In one embodiment, the two heat transfer fins 31 extending to the first end and the second end divide the energy storage cavity 11 into two symmetrically arranged sub energy storage cavities 111, the plurality of heat dissipation fins 32 are in contact with the inner tube 2, and a gap is formed between the heat dissipation fins 32 and the outer shell 1; in the sub-accumulator chamber 111, the length and/or the arrangement density of the fins 32 increases from the first end to the second end in the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2.

Specifically, the lengths of the heat radiation fins 32 are the same from the first end to the second end in the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the included angle between the adjacent heat conduction fins 3 is reduced. Or, from the first end to the second end along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, the included angle between the adjacent heat conducting fins 3 is the same, and the length of the heat conducting fins 3 increases. Preferably, an angle between adjacent heat conductive sheets 3 decreases from the first end to the second end in the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the length of the heat conductive sheet 3 increases.

In the above embodiments, since the offset distance of the inner tube 2 is large, the heat or cold obtained by the energy storage material from the inner tube 2, the heat conducting fin 3 and the outer tube 12 tends to decrease from the first end to the second end; the energy storage material is subjected to phase change gradually along one direction, so that the energy storage device 100 is prevented from being deformed or broken due to the phase change from multiple directions to the middle; and the energy storage speed of the whole energy storage device 100 is high.

Further, the heat radiating fins 32 located in the two sub energy storage chambers 111 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the heat transfer fins 31.

When the offset distance is not less than the threshold value L3, L2 is less than L3, the distance between the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12 is relatively short, and if the fin 32 extends toward the offset side, the fin 32 is relatively short with respect to the outer tube 12, which is not beneficial to the flow of the liquid or gaseous energy storage material; the cooling fins 32 thus extend from the inner tube 2 towards the first end simultaneously in a direction away from the inner tube 2.

Specifically, referring to fig. 16 to 18, the length of the heat dissipating fins 32 increases from the first end to the second end, but the heat or cold obtained by the energy storage material from the inner tube 2, the heat conducting fin 3 and the outer tube 12 tends to decrease as a whole.

In a specific use process, the first end of the energy storage cavity 11 is arranged below, and the second end of the energy storage cavity 11 is arranged above, so that the liquid or gaseous energy storage material flows upwards, and the expansion of the pipe is avoided.

Further, the outer wall of the housing 1 is provided with an identifier for indicating the first end and/or the second end; alternatively, the indication indicates the direction of the decrease, and the indication plays a role of prompting when the energy storage device 100 is installed, so that the side with low heat transfer density is not placed downward, and a cracking phenomenon occurs.

In addition, based on all the embodiments, the inner tube 2, the heat conducting fin 3 and the outer tube 12 are integrally formed or arranged, so that the heat transfer effect is far better than that of the post-assembly scheme. Preferably aluminum or aluminum alloy material, is light in weight and high in heat transfer speed.

The specific processing technology is that the inner tube 2, the heat transfer sheet 31 and the outer tube 12 are integrally formed; forming the connecting channel 14 at an edge of the heat conductive sheet 3 in the axial direction of the inner tube 2, for example, removing a part of the heat conductive sheet 3 so that the heat conductive sheet 3 is located in the outer tube 12; welding the end cap 13 to the housing 1; an energy storage material is injected into the energy storage cavity 11 from the material injection port 131, and then the material injection port 131 is sealed.

The invention also provides a cold charging and accumulating system, which comprises a cold charging unit and any one of the energy accumulating devices 100. The cooling unit comprises a cooling pipe 4 and a fluid medium positioned in the cooling pipe 4; the cold carrier pipe 4 is positioned in the inner pipe 2, and the outer wall of the cold carrier pipe 4 is attached to the inner wall of the inner pipe 2; or the cold carrier pipe 4 is communicated with the inner pipe 2, and the fluid medium flows in a channel formed by the cold carrier pipe 4 and the inner pipe 2.

The "fitting" herein means that the cold carrier tube 4 and the inner tube 2 are fitted without gaps, and the two are not gaps in the assembly error range; thus, the heat or reference transfer direction of heat is: liquid in the cold carrying pipe 4- & gt the inner pipe 2- & gt cold storage liquid in the energy storage cavity 11; the cold or heat is transferred among liquid and solid, solid and liquid, the heat loss is small, the rapid and effective geothermal transfer is ensured, and the heat transfer loss is reduced. For example, the cold carrier pipe 4 is in interference fit with the inner pipe 2, and the cold carrier pipe may be formed by a pipe expanding process.

In a specific embodiment, the cooling unit includes a compressor, a condenser that communicates with the compressor, and a throttling element that communicates with the condenser, and two ends of the cooling carrier 4 are respectively communicated with the throttling element and the compressor.

In another embodiment, the cooling unit includes a cold source with a coolant inside, two ends of the cold carrier tube 4 are respectively connected with the cold source, and the cold source and the cold carrier tube 4 together form a circulation channel of the coolant.

In the above embodiment, the energy storage device 100 releases cold or heat to a desired space or article through the housing 1.

The invention also provides a cold accumulation and supply system, which comprises any one of the energy storage devices 100 and a cold supply unit. The cooling unit comprises a cooling pipe, the cooling pipe is positioned in the inner pipe 2, and the outer wall of the cooling pipe is in gapless fit with the inner wall of the inner pipe 2; or the cooling pipe is communicated with the inner pipe 2. In this embodiment, the energy storage material obtains cold or heat from the housing 1.

The invention also provides a refrigerator, which comprises any one of the energy storage devices 100, any one of the cold charge and accumulation systems, or any one of the cold accumulation and accumulation systems.

In summary, in the energy storage device 100 according to the present invention, the inner pipe 2 is offset toward the first end, and the heat exchange speed between the energy storage material located at the side of the first end and the inner pipe 2 is faster than the heat exchange speed between the energy storage material located at the side of the second end and the inner pipe 2; the temperature of the energy storage material positioned on the side of the first end is reduced faster, and the phase change occurs first; the temperature reduction speed of the energy storage material positioned at the side of the second end is slower, and then the phase change occurs, so that the phase change of the energy storage material in the energy storage cavity 11 from the first end to the second end can be effectively controlled, and the deformation or rupture of the energy storage device 100 caused by disorder of the phase change direction is avoided.

Further, the length and/or the arrangement density of the heat conducting fin 3 contacting the side of the inner tube 2 facing the first end is smaller than that of the heat conducting fin 3 contacting the side of the inner tube 2 facing the second end, so that the energy storage material located on the side of the inner tube 2 facing the second end can also quickly obtain heat or cold, and the integral cold storage speed is improved.

It should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is for clarity only, and that the skilled artisan should recognize that the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be understood by those skilled in the art.

The above list of detailed descriptions is only specific to practical embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent embodiments or modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, comprising:

the length and/or the arrangement density of the heat conducting fin contacting the side of the inner tube facing the first end are smaller than those of the heat conducting fin contacting the side of the inner tube facing the second end;

a closed energy storage cavity is formed between the outer shell and the inner tube, and an energy storage material capable of undergoing phase change is arranged in the energy storage cavity.

2. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein the offset distance is between a threshold L2 and a threshold L3, L2 being less than L3; the heat conductive sheet extends outwardly from the inner tube.

3. The energy storage device of claim 2, wherein the thermally conductive sheet comprises:

4. The energy storage device according to claim 3, wherein an angle between adjacent heat conductive fins is the same from the first end to the second end in a circumferential direction of the inner tube, and a length of the heat dissipation fin is gradually increased;

5. The energy storage device of claim 4, wherein the fins in both of the sub-energy storage chambers are symmetrically disposed with respect to the heat transfer plate.

6. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein the offset distance is not less than a threshold L3, L2 is less than L3; the heat conducting fin comprises a heat conducting fin connected with the inner tube and the outer shell, and a plurality of radiating fins connected with the inner tube, wherein the heat conducting fin extends from the inner tube to the first end, a gap is reserved between the radiating fin and the outer tube, and the radiating fin extends from the inner tube towards the second end and simultaneously extends towards the direction deviating from the inner tube.

7. The energy storage device of claim 6, wherein the length of the fin increases gradually from the first end to the second end.

8. The energy storage device of claim 7, wherein a plurality of said fins are symmetrically disposed with respect to said heat transfer plate.

9. A cold-charge and storage system, comprising:

The cooling unit comprises a cooling pipe and a fluid medium positioned in the cooling pipe;

the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the cold carrier tube is positioned in the inner tube, and the outer wall of the cold carrier tube is tightly attached to the inner wall of the inner tube; or the cold carrying pipe is communicated with the inner pipe.

10. The cold-charge cold accumulation system of claim 9 wherein the cold-charge unit comprises a compressor, a condenser in communication with the compressor, a throttling element in communication with the condenser, two ends of the cold-carrying tube in communication with the throttling element, the compressor, respectively;

11. A cold accumulation and supply system, comprising:

the energy storage device of any one of the above claims 1 to 8;

12. A cold chain transportation box, characterized in that it comprises an energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-8.