CN113820130A - A device for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain - Google Patents
A device for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012625 in-situ measurement Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001683 neutron diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B15/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons
- G01B15/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons for measuring the deformation in a solid
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于中子原位测量轴承疲劳应变的装置，包括框架、轴承轴、轴承加载件和驱动机构，轴承轴可转动的设置在框架上，轴承轴用于穿设轴承本体上的轴承孔以与轴承装配，轴承加载件可在框架上径向移动并用于与轴承外圈活动接触以调节施加在轴承上的径向压力大小，驱动机构用于驱动轴承轴转动以使轴承轴能带动轴承本体在轴承外圈的中空结构内转动。本发明可用中子原位有效测量轴承在疲劳荷载下的径向、环向和轴向应变。
The invention discloses a device for measuring the fatigue strain of a bearing in situ by neutrons. The bearing hole on the bearing can be assembled with the bearing. The bearing loading can move radially on the frame and be used to move in contact with the outer ring of the bearing to adjust the radial pressure exerted on the bearing. The drive mechanism is used to drive the bearing shaft to rotate to make the bearing The shaft can drive the bearing body to rotate in the hollow structure of the bearing outer ring. The present invention can effectively measure radial, hoop and axial strains of bearings under fatigue loads with neutrons in situ.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bearing measurement technology, in particular to a device for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain.
Background
The bearing generally comprises a bearing outer ring and a bearing body, wherein the bearing outer ring is provided with a hollow structure, the bearing body can rotate in the hollow structure of the bearing outer ring, and a bearing hole is formed in the bearing body. The bearing is a common component widely used on bearing shafts of automobiles, high-speed rails, aerospace vehicles and the like, and bears various dynamic loads such as high-speed rotation, alternating pressure, alternating temperature and the like in the service process. The residual stress caused by the bearing in the service process and the early machining process directly influences the failure mode and the service life of the bearing, so that the distribution of the residual stress is quantitatively represented, the relationship between the residual stress and the failure mode of the bearing is favorably established, the bearing manufacturing process is optimized, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged. The neutron can provide nondestructive quantitative detection for residual strain in engineering components and has the characteristic of strongest penetration capability, however, the technology and the device for in-situ measurement of the fatigue strain of the bearing by the neutron do not exist all over the world at present, namely, a precedent for in-situ measurement of radial, annular and axial strains of the bearing under the fatigue load by the neutron does not exist. Therefore, the method has important significance for expanding the research range of the neutron in-situ diffraction experiment of the bearing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device for neutron in-situ measurement of the fatigue strain of a bearing, which can effectively measure the radial, circumferential and axial strains of the bearing under the fatigue load by using neutrons in situ.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an apparatus for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain, comprising:
the bearing loading piece can move on the frame in the radial direction and is in movable contact with the outer ring of the bearing so as to adjust the radial pressure applied to the bearing;
and the driving mechanism is used for driving the bearing shaft to rotate so that the bearing shaft can drive the bearing body to rotate in the hollow structure of the bearing outer ring.
Further, a neutron beam through hole for a neutron beam to pass through is formed in the bearing loading piece.
Further, the bearing loading piece is provided with a mounting opening, and the mounting opening is used for accommodating a bearing so that the bearing loading piece can be in close contact with the outer ring of the bearing.
And the external force loading device can move on the frame in a direction close to or far away from the bearing loading piece and tightly press and fix the bearing loading piece on the outer ring of the bearing so as to adjust the radial pressure exerted on the bearing by the bearing loading piece.
The bearing loading device is movably contacted with the bearing loading piece through the force sensor so as to tightly press and fix the bearing loading piece on the bearing outer ring, and the force sensor is used for detecting the pressure applied to the bearing loading piece by the external force loading device.
Furthermore, the frame is provided with a mounting through hole, the external force loading device penetrates through the mounting through hole, and the external force loading device can move in the mounting through hole in the direction close to or far away from the bearing loading piece and tightly press and fix the bearing loading piece on the outer ring of the bearing so as to adjust the radial pressure exerted on the bearing by the bearing loading piece.
Further, the external force loading device is a loading screw rod, and the loading screw rod penetrates through the installation through hole and is in threaded connection with the installation through hole so that the loading screw rod is in threaded connection with the frame.
Further, a loading handle is arranged on the loading screw rod.
Further, the loading handle is detachably connected with the loading screw rod.
Further, the frame can be vertically or horizontally fixed on a neutron spectrometer sample table.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the driving mechanism drives the bearing shaft to rotate, the bearing shaft drives the bearing body to rotate in the hollow structure of the bearing outer ring, meanwhile, the bearing loading piece is in contact with the bearing outer ring and can move radially on the frame, the radial pressure applied to the bearing can be adjusted, the bearing body can be loaded by combining radial pressure dynamic fatigue loads of different sizes when rotating, and experimental research of all strain components of the high-precision quantitative neutron in-situ measurement bearing under the fatigue load can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the device for neutron in-situ measurement of fatigue strain of a bearing in an embodiment of the invention in a vertical mode;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the device for neutron in-situ measurement of fatigue strain of a bearing in the embodiment of the invention in horizontal use.
In the figure: 1. a frame; 2. a bearing shaft; 3. a bearing loading member; 4. a drive mechanism; 5. a neutron beam through hole; 6. a bearing body; 7. a bearing outer race; 8. a force sensor; 9. loading a screw; 10. a loading handle; 11. a base; 12. a first neutron detector; 13. a second neutron detector.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain, including a frame 1, a bearing shaft 2, a bearing loading member 3, and a driving mechanism 4, where the bearing shaft 2 is rotatably disposed on the frame 1, the bearing shaft 2 is used for penetrating through a bearing hole on a bearing body 6 to be assembled with a bearing, the bearing loading member 3 is radially movable on the frame 1 and is used for being in movable contact with a bearing outer ring 7 to adjust a radial pressure applied to the bearing, and the driving mechanism 4 is used for driving the bearing shaft 2 to rotate so that the bearing shaft 2 can drive the bearing body 6 to rotate in a hollow structure of the bearing outer ring 7.
On the basis of the structure, the driving mechanism 4 drives the bearing shaft 2 to rotate, the bearing shaft 2 drives the bearing body 6 to rotate in the hollow structure of the bearing outer ring 7, meanwhile, the bearing loading piece 3 is in contact with the bearing outer ring 7 and can move on the frame 1 in the radial direction, so that the radial pressure applied to the bearing can be adjusted, the bearing body 6 can be loaded in combination with radial pressure dynamic fatigue loads of different sizes when rotating, and experimental research on all strain components of the high-precision quantitative neutron in-situ measurement bearing under the fatigue loads can be realized.
As a preferred embodiment in this embodiment, the bearing loading member 3 is provided with a neutron beam through hole 5 for passing a neutron beam, which is beneficial to shortening the path of incident and diffracted neutron beam paths, and is beneficial to implementing experimental research of in-situ measurement of all strain components of the bearing under fatigue load by using neutrons at high precision in quantitative.
In this embodiment, the bearing loader 3 is provided with a mounting opening, the mounting opening is used for accommodating a bearing so that the bearing loader 3 can be in close contact with the bearing outer ring 7, the bearing loader 3 can be in close contact with the bearing outer ring 7 to improve the effect of applying radial pressure, the neutron beam through hole 5 is communicated with the mounting opening, the incident neutron beam can flow through the neutron beam through hole 5 and pass through the material of the part to be detected of the bearing in the mounting opening, and the incident and diffraction neutron beam path is shortened.
Specifically, the mounting opening is an arc-shaped opening, which is beneficial to make the inner wall of the bearing loading piece 3 closely attached to the surface of the bearing outer ring 7.
In a preferred embodiment, the device for neutron in-situ measurement of the fatigue strain of the bearing further comprises an external force loading device, which can move on the frame 1 in a direction close to or away from the bearing loading member 3 and press and fix the bearing loading member 3 on the bearing outer ring 7 so as to adjust the radial pressure exerted by the bearing loading member 3 on the bearing. Like this, make bearing loading piece 3 can dismantle with frame 1 through external force loading device and be connected, and then removable not unidimensional bearing loading piece 3, bearing demountable assembly is on bearing shaft 2 to can realize the various dynamic fatigue load loading experiment research of unidimensional bearing.
During concrete implementation, the bearing and the bearing shaft 2 can be detachably connected through the matching of the key and the key groove, so that the bearing shaft 2 can be conveniently provided with bearings of different sizes to carry out various dynamic fatigue load loading experimental researches.
As a preferred embodiment, the device for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain further comprises a force sensor 8, the external force loading device is in movable contact with the bearing loading member 3 through the force sensor 8 so as to tightly press and fix the bearing loading member 3 on the bearing outer ring 7, the force sensor 8 is used for detecting the pressure applied by the external force loading device on the bearing loading member 3, that is, the movement of the external force loading device can be controlled according to the pressure value detected by the force sensor 8 so as to adjust the radial pressure applied by the bearing loading member 3 on the bearing, and effective control of the dynamic fatigue load loading of the bearing under different radial pressures is realized.
In this embodiment, the force sensor 8 can display the magnitude of the pressure exerted on the bearing loader 3, i.e. can detect the magnitude of the radial pressure exerted on the bearing.
In this embodiment, the axis of the neutron beam through hole 5 intersects with the axis of the force sensor 8 to form a 45-degree included angle, which is beneficial to the experimental study of quantitatively and accurately measuring all strain components of the bearing under fatigue load by using neutrons in situ.
In this embodiment, the frame 1 is provided with a mounting through hole, the external force loading device is inserted into the mounting through hole, and the external force loading device can move in the mounting through hole toward the direction close to or away from the bearing loading member 3 and press and fix the bearing loading member 3 on the bearing outer ring 7 to adjust the radial pressure exerted on the bearing by the bearing loading member 3. Like this, realize effective support through frame 1 to external force loading device, the external force loading device of can being convenient for is on frame 1 toward being close to or keeping away from the direction removal of bearing loading piece 3 to the radial pressure dynamic fatigue load loading of the better control bearing of being convenient for not equidimension.
In a more preferred embodiment, the external force loading device is a loading screw 9, and the loading screw 9 is inserted into the mounting through hole and is in threaded connection with the mounting through hole so that the loading screw 9 is in threaded connection with the frame 1. Therefore, the position of the loading screw 9 can be adjusted by rotating the loading screw 9 in the mounting through hole, the screwing amount of the loading screw 9 is controllable, the loading screw 9 can tightly press and fix the bearing loading piece 3 on the bearing outer ring 7 and can adjust the radial pressure exerted on the bearing by the bearing loading piece 3, the operation is convenient by screw loading, and the precision is high.
In the embodiment, the loading handle 10 is arranged on the loading screw 9, so that the loading handle 10 can be held and rotated to drive the loading screw 9 to rotate in the mounting through hole, the screwing amount of the loading screw 9 can be better controlled, and the radial pressure applied to the bearing can be better controlled.
In this embodiment, the loading handle 10 is detachably connected to the loading screw 9, so as to facilitate disassembly and assembly.
As a preferred embodiment, the loading screw 9 is provided with a connecting through hole, and the loading handle 10 penetrates through the connecting through hole and protrudes out of the loading screw 9, so that the quick assembly and disassembly can be facilitated.
In this embodiment, the frame 1 may be vertically or horizontally fixed on a sample stage of a neutron spectrometer, that is, the vertical and horizontal placement of the bearing shaft 2 may be realized to realize the vertical and horizontal use of the device, and the quantitative high-precision measurement of the bearing may be realized, and the optimization and complementation of all strain components under fatigue load may be realized.
In this embodiment, the driving mechanism 4 is a motor, so that the device for measuring the fatigue strain of the bearing in situ by using neutrons has a simple and compact structure, is stable and reliable in mechanical transmission, and can effectively drive the bearing shaft 2 to rotate. Specifically, the motor can drive the bearing shaft 2 to rotate at different speeds, even if the bearing body 6 can rotate at different speeds, and the bearing loading piece 3 can apply different radial pressures to the bearing outer ring 7, so that the dynamic fatigue load loading of the bearing with different rotating speeds combined with different radial pressures can be realized.
In other embodiments, the drive mechanism 4 may be a pneumatic cylinder, an oil cylinder, or the like.
In this embodiment, the device for neutron in-situ measurement of fatigue strain of bearing further comprises a base 11, and a driving device is installed on the frame 1 through the base 11, so that effective installation of the driving device, that is, effective installation of a motor, can be realized.
When the device is used vertically, as shown in fig. 2, neutron incidence and diffraction beam lines are in an XY plane, an included angle of 45 degrees is formed between the incident neutron beam line and the axis of the loading screw 9 and the axis of the force sensor 8, after the incident neutron beam r passes through the material of the part to be measured of the bearing through the neutron beam through hole 5, the obtained diffraction neutron beam y signal is collected by the first neutron detector 12 and the second neutron detector 13 on two sides of the bearing loading piece 3, the radial strain j and the circumferential strain hl of the bearing can be obtained simultaneously, and the measurement precision of the radial strain j is benefited by the measurement precision that the diffraction neutron beam y path is shortest and higher than the circumferential strain hl, so that the latter can be ignored temporarily. When the device is used horizontally, as shown in fig. 3, neutron incidence and diffraction beam lines are in an XZ plane, an included angle of 45 degrees is formed between the incident neutron beam line and the axis of the bearing shaft 2, similarly, after the incident neutron beam r passes through the material of the part to be measured of the bearing, the obtained diffraction neutron beam y signal is collected by the first neutron detector 12 and the second neutron detector 13, and at the moment, the diffraction neutron beam y path is the shortest for the circumferential strain hw and the axial strain z of the same measuring part, so that the defect of low circumferential strain measurement precision in vertical use is complemented, the high-precision axial strain, particularly the most concerned circumferential strain of the bearing is obtained, the quantitative high-precision measurement of the bearing is realized, and the experimental study of all strain components under fatigue load is carried out.
In the test process, the motor provides different rotating speeds and drives the bearing shaft 2 and the bearing body 6 to rotate, the loading screw 9 provides radial pressure borne by the bearing, and the bearing can bear external forces with different magnitudes displayed by the force sensor 8 by controlling the magnitude of the screwing amount of the loading screw 9. Therefore, the device can realize the experimental research of all high-precision strain component tests of the neutron in-situ measurement bearing under the fatigue load, and expands the research range of in-situ neutron diffraction experiments.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain, comprising:
the bearing loading device comprises a frame (1), a bearing shaft (2) and a bearing loading piece (3), wherein the bearing shaft (2) is rotatably arranged on the frame (1), the bearing shaft (2) is used for penetrating through a bearing hole in a bearing body (6) to be assembled with a bearing, and the bearing loading piece (3) can radially move on the frame (1) and is used for movably contacting with a bearing outer ring (7) to adjust the radial pressure applied to the bearing;
and the driving mechanism (4) is used for driving the bearing shaft (2) to rotate so that the bearing shaft (2) can drive the bearing body (6) to rotate in the hollow structure of the bearing outer ring (7).
2. The apparatus for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain of claim 1, wherein: and a neutron beam through hole (5) for a neutron beam to pass through is formed in the bearing loading piece (3).
3. The apparatus for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain of claim 1, wherein: the bearing loading piece (3) is provided with a mounting opening, and the mounting opening is used for accommodating a bearing so that the bearing loading piece (3) can be in close contact with the bearing outer ring (7).
4. The apparatus for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain of claim 1, wherein: the bearing loading device can move towards the direction close to or far away from the bearing loading piece (3) on the frame (1) and tightly press and fix the bearing loading piece (3) on the bearing outer ring (7) so as to adjust the radial pressure exerted on the bearing by the bearing loading piece (3).
5. The apparatus for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain of claim 4, wherein: still include force sensor (8), external force loading device passes through force sensor (8) and bearing loading spare (3) movable contact in order to compress tightly bearing loading spare (3) and fix on bearing inner race (7), force sensor (8) are used for detecting the pressure size that external force loading device applyed on bearing loading spare (3).
6. The apparatus for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain of claim 4, wherein: the bearing loading device is characterized in that a mounting through hole is formed in the frame (1), the external force loading device penetrates through the mounting through hole, the external force loading device can move in the mounting through hole in the direction close to or far away from the bearing loading piece (3) and tightly press and fix the bearing loading piece (3) on the bearing outer ring (7) so as to adjust the radial pressure exerted on the bearing by the bearing loading piece (3).
7. The apparatus for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain of claim 6, wherein: the external force loading device is a loading screw rod (9), and the loading screw rod (9) penetrates through the mounting through hole and is in threaded connection with the mounting through hole so that the loading screw rod (9) is in threaded connection with the frame (1).
8. The apparatus for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain of claim 7, wherein: and a loading handle (10) is arranged on the loading screw rod (9).
9. The apparatus for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain of claim 8, wherein: the loading handle (10) is detachably connected with the loading screw rod (9).
10. The apparatus for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain of claim 1, wherein: the frame (1) can be vertically or horizontally fixed on a neutron spectrometer sample table.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111004945.7A CN113820130A (en) | 2021-08-30 | 2021-08-30 | A device for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain |
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| CN202111004945.7A CN113820130A (en) | 2021-08-30 | 2021-08-30 | A device for neutron in-situ measurement of bearing fatigue strain |
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Cited By (1)
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| US20230358693A1 (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2023-11-09 | Ncs Testing Technology Co., Ltd. | Component residual stress testing platform based on neutron diffraction and experimental method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20211221 |