CN113820646A - A kind of electronic transformer calibration method and system - Google Patents
A kind of electronic transformer calibration method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种电子式互感器校验方法及系统，先同步采样待测电子式互感器和标准互感器的输出信号；基于频谱校正方法对待测电子式互感器和标准互感器的输出信号分别进行基波分量提取；基于待测电子式互感器和标准互感器的基波分量进行初级校验；根据精度需求直接将初级校验结果作为校验结果输出，或获得多组初级校验结果后输入样本方差剔除误差模型中进行误差剔除和替换后作为校验结果输出；解决了因电网频率波动而导致的非同步采样对校验结果影响的问题；一般的校验要求，初级校验结果即可满足；高精度测量要求，由多组初级校验结果进行误差剔除和替换后作为校验结果输出，按照需求选择输出的结果，提高校验效率和准确率。
The invention discloses an electronic transformer calibration method and system. First, the output signals of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer are synchronously sampled; the output signals of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer are sampled based on a spectrum correction method. Extract the fundamental wave component separately; perform primary verification based on the fundamental wave components of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer; directly output the primary verification result as the verification result according to the accuracy requirements, or obtain multiple sets of primary verification results After inputting the sample variance elimination error model, the error is eliminated and replaced as the verification result output; it solves the problem of the influence of asynchronous sampling on the verification result caused by the frequency fluctuation of the power grid; the general verification requirements, the primary verification result It can meet the requirements of high-precision measurement. Multiple sets of primary calibration results are used for error elimination and replacement and then output as calibration results. The output results are selected according to requirements to improve calibration efficiency and accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mutual inductor calibration, in particular to universal mutual inductor calibration equipment and a mutual inductor calibration method.
Background
The two most important indexes of the mutual inductor are a ratio difference and an angle difference respectively, and the error is directly related to the metering accuracy and the protection accuracy, so that the high-precision calibration of the mutual inductor is very important and necessary. The traditional electromagnetic mutual inductor generally adopts a difference method for checking the contrast difference and the angular difference, and the method is mature. With the push of a digital substation and an intelligent power grid, an electronic transformer becomes a novel instrument for measuring current and voltage of a power system, and the working principle of the electronic transformer is different from that of a traditional electromagnetic transformer, so that the calibration methods of contrast difference and angular difference are completely different.
The conventional electronic transformer calibration method is a digital calibration method, and the method reads output signals of a standard electromagnetic transformer and an electronic transformer to be tested into a computer by means of a data acquisition device, and obtains the precision grade of the electronic transformer through software analysis, wherein the method adopts Fourier transform to solve fundamental wave components of acquired signals of each path, but because the frequency of a power grid signal has volatility, the fundamental wave components are solved by the Fourier transform to generate larger errors, which is not beneficial to real-time implementation of a calibration process, and is also difficult to construct a portable intelligent calibration device by using a microprocessor; when sampling is performed for multiple times, the fluctuation of the power grid can introduce errors into the calibration result.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the frequency of a power grid signal has volatility, and a fundamental component is solved by Fourier transform, so that a large error is generated, the real-time realization of a verification process is not facilitated, and an error is introduced into the verification process.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the scheme provides an electronic transformer checking method, which comprises the following steps:
a, synchronously sampling output signals of an electronic transformer to be tested and a standard transformer;
b, respectively extracting fundamental wave components of output signals of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer based on a frequency spectrum correction method;
c, primary verification is carried out based on fundamental wave components of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer;
and D, directly outputting the primary check result in the step C as a check result according to the precision requirement, or outputting the primary check result as the check result after inputting a plurality of groups of primary check results obtained in the steps A-C into a sample variance elimination error model for error elimination and replacement after circulating the steps A-C.
The working principle of the scheme is as follows: in the existing digital verification method, output signals of a standard electromagnetic transformer and an electronic transformer to be tested are read into a computer by means of a data acquisition device, and the precision grade of the electronic transformer is obtained through software analysis, in the method, fundamental wave components of acquired signals of all paths are obtained by adopting Fourier transform, but because the frequency of a power grid signal has volatility, the fundamental wave components obtained by the Fourier transform generate larger errors, the real-time realization of a verification process is not facilitated, and errors can be introduced in a sampling process; the frequency of the power grid can fluctuate between 49.5 Hz and 50.5Hz, sampling can not be strictly synchronized due to fluctuation of the power grid, fundamental component extraction is carried out on an output signal based on a frequency spectrum correction method in the scheme, and the problem that asynchronous sampling influences a check result due to fluctuation of the frequency of the power grid is solved; according to the requirement of measurement accuracy, two output results are set, primary check results can meet the general check requirement, error elimination and replacement are carried out on multiple groups of primary check results to serve as check results to be output according to the high-accuracy measurement requirement, the output results are selected according to the requirement, and check efficiency and accuracy are improved.
The further optimization scheme is that the step B comprises the following substeps:
b1, performing Hanning window spectrum analysis on output signals of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer to obtain an amplitude recovery coefficient of the output signals;
b2, performing Hanning window frequency correction on output signals of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer to obtain frequency correction quantity;
b3, performing Hanning window phase correction on output signals of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer to obtain a phase correction amount;
and B4, correcting the output signal based on the amplitude recovery coefficient, the frequency correction amount and the phase correction amount, and extracting a fundamental component.
The frequency of the power grid can fluctuate between 49.5 Hz and 50.5Hz, and by the traditional method, if the real-time measurement of the signal frequency is not carried out, the Fourier transform is still carried out according to the data with a fixed sampling rate to obtain the fundamental component, so that the verification precision is greatly influenced. Because primary verification needs to be directly used as a verification output result, when fundamental component extraction is carried out based on a frequency spectrum correction method, a Hanning window frequency analysis method is selected, the verification requirement is met under the condition of only carrying out data sampling once, and meanwhile, the problem that asynchronous sampling influences the verification result due to power grid frequency fluctuation is effectively solved based on an amplitude spectrum frequency spectrum correction method of a discrete spectrum and a Hanning window.
The further optimization scheme is that the precision requirement comprises two levels:
the precision range is primary precision between 0.06 and 0.1;
the precision range is two-level precision within 0.05.
The further optimization scheme is that the output result of the primary precision is a primary check result;
and the output result of the secondary precision is a checking result output by the sample variance elimination error model.
The further optimization scheme is that the error elimination and replacement process comprises the following steps:
s31, inputting a primary check result of current sampling;
s32, judging whether the primary check result of the current sampling deviates from the historical mean variance judgment model:
if so, rejecting the primary check result, replacing the latest undistorted primary check result with the historical mean variance judgment model, performing deviation marking on the currently sampled primary check result, recording the deviation direction, and returning to S31 by taking the next sampled primary check result as the currently sampled primary check result;
otherwise, the primary check result is taken as the historical mean variance judgment model, and the next sampled primary check result is taken as the current sampled primary check result and returned to S31;
and S33, when the deviation marks appear in the primary check results of the continuous 3 samples and the deviation directions are consistent, deleting all the historical mean variance judgment models, reconstructing the historical mean variance judgment models by using the primary check results of the deviation marks, and returning to S31 by using the primary check results of the next sample as the primary check results of the current sample until the sampling is finished.
The further optimization scheme is that the historical mean variance determination model is as follows: calculating the mean value and the variance of the primary check result of the historical sample, taking the sum of the mean value and the variance as an upper limit, and taking the difference of the mean value and the variance as a lower limit;
when the primary check result is larger than the upper limit or smaller than the lower limit, judging that the primary check result deviates from the historical mean variance judgment model;
the two deviation directions are opposite to the case that the primary check result is greater than the upper limit and the case that the primary check result is less than the lower limit.
In the high-precision measurement of the electronic transformer, besides the fact that sampling cannot be strictly synchronized, errors can be introduced into fluctuation of a power grid, in order to solve the problem, a sample variance rejection error model is introduced to carry out error rejection and replacement on multiple groups of primary check results and then serve as check results to be output, the process can delete the primary check results which fluctuate suddenly, data output under the stable state of the power grid is reserved, and check precision is improved.
Based on the electronic transformer calibration method, the scheme also provides an electronic transformer calibration system, which comprises: the device comprises a sampling device, a fundamental component extraction device, a primary calibration device and an output device;
the sampling device is used for synchronously sampling output signals of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer;
the fundamental component extraction device respectively extracts the fundamental components of output signals of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer based on a frequency spectrum correction method;
the primary calibration device performs primary calibration based on fundamental wave components of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer;
and the output device directly outputs the primary check result as a check result according to the precision requirement, or inputs the primary check result into the sample variance elimination error model after obtaining a plurality of groups of primary check results, and outputs the primary check result as the check result after carrying out error elimination and replacement.
Further, the fundamental component extraction device preferably includes: an amplitude recovery coefficient acquisition device, a frequency correction acquisition device, a phase correction acquisition device and a fundamental component extraction device;
the amplitude recovery coefficient acquisition device is used for carrying out Hanning window spectrum analysis on output signals of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer to obtain the amplitude recovery coefficient of the output signals;
the frequency correction acquisition device is used for carrying out Hanning window frequency correction on output signals of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer to obtain frequency correction;
the phase correction acquisition device is used for carrying out Hanning window phase correction on output signals of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer to obtain phase correction quantity;
the fundamental component extraction device extracts a fundamental component by correcting the output signal based on the amplitude recovery coefficient, the frequency correction amount, and the phase correction amount.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
according to the universal mutual inductor calibration equipment, the mutual inductor calibration method and the system, when fundamental wave components are extracted from output signals, the fundamental wave components are firstly corrected and then extracted based on a frequency spectrum correction method, and the problem that asynchronous sampling influences calibration results due to power grid frequency fluctuation is solved; according to the requirement of measurement accuracy, two output results are set, primary check results can meet the general check requirement, error elimination and replacement are carried out on multiple groups of primary check results to serve as check results to be output according to the high-accuracy measurement requirement, the output results are selected according to the requirement, and check efficiency and accuracy are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for verifying an electronic transformer according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
In the traditional electronic transformer checking method, fundamental wave components of collected signals of each path are solved by adopting Fourier transform, but because the frequency of a power grid signal has volatility, a larger error is generated in the process of solving the fundamental wave components by using the Fourier transform, which is not beneficial to realizing the real-time checking process; therefore, the invention introduces a new calibration method, which is based on the amplitude spectrum frequency spectrum calibration of the discrete spectrum plus the Hanning window, effectively solves the problem that asynchronous sampling caused by power grid frequency fluctuation influences the calibration result, and simultaneously eliminates the error introduced by the power grid fluctuation in the calibration process.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a method for verifying an electronic transformer, as shown in fig. 1, including the steps of:
a, synchronously sampling output signals of an electronic transformer to be tested and a standard transformer;
b, respectively extracting fundamental wave components of output signals of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer based on a frequency spectrum correction method;
c, primary verification is carried out based on fundamental wave components of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer;
and D, directly outputting the primary check result in the step C as a check result according to the precision requirement, or outputting the primary check result as the check result after inputting a plurality of groups of primary check results obtained in the steps A-C into a sample variance elimination error model for error elimination and replacement after circulating the steps A-C.
Step B comprises the following substeps:
b1, performing Hanning window spectrum analysis on output signals of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer to obtain an amplitude recovery coefficient of the output signals;
b2, performing Hanning window frequency correction on output signals of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer to obtain frequency correction quantity;
b3, performing Hanning window phase correction on output signals of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer to obtain a phase correction amount;
and B4, correcting the output signal based on the amplitude recovery coefficient, the frequency correction amount and the phase correction amount, and extracting a fundamental component.
In the spectrum analysis, windowing is an important measure for improving the signal analysis precision, and the basic requirements on the window are that the time domain is in a discontinuous state at the truncation part; the frequency domain is the narrow and high main lobe of the window spectrum to improve the resolution, the amplitude of the side lobe is small, and the positive and negative alternation is close to equal to reduce the leakage and the false frequency. Therefore, when selecting the window function, the nature and processing requirements of the analyzed signal should be considered, if only the main lobe frequency is required to be accurately solved, and the amplitude precision is not considered, a rectangular window which is convenient to distinguish by the narrow width of the main lobe can be selected, such as the natural frequency of the measured object; if a narrow-band signal is analyzed and strong interference noise exists, a window function with small side lobe amplitude is selected, such as a Hanning (Haning) window, and the like, and the harmonic analysis aims at a discrete spectrum, so that the discrete spectrum is corrected, and in order to enable a windowed power spectrum or amplitude spectrum not to be influenced by the window function, a recovery coefficient must be deduced according to a certain principle; the windowed recovery coefficients generally follow one of two principles: equal amplitude or equal energy.
The accuracy requirement includes two levels: the precision range is primary precision between 0.06 and 0.1;
the precision range is two-level precision within 0.05.
The output result of the primary precision is a primary check result;
and the output result of the secondary precision is a checking result output by the sample variance elimination error model.
The error elimination and replacement process comprises the following steps:
s31, inputting a primary check result of current sampling;
s32, judging whether the primary check result of the current sampling deviates from the historical mean variance judgment model:
if so, rejecting the primary check result, replacing the latest undistorted primary check result with the historical mean variance judgment model, performing deviation marking on the currently sampled primary check result, recording the deviation direction, and returning to S31 by taking the next sampled primary check result as the currently sampled primary check result;
otherwise, the primary check result is taken as the historical mean variance judgment model, and the next sampled primary check result is taken as the current sampled primary check result and returned to S31;
and S33, when the deviation marks appear in the primary check results of the continuous 3 samples and the deviation directions are consistent, deleting all the historical mean variance judgment models, reconstructing the historical mean variance judgment models by using the primary check results of the deviation marks, and returning to S31 by using the primary check results of the next sample as the primary check results of the current sample until the sampling is finished.
The historical mean variance determination model is as follows: calculating the mean value and the variance of the primary check result of the historical sample, taking the sum of the mean value and the variance as an upper limit, and taking the difference of the mean value and the variance as a lower limit;
when the primary check result is larger than the upper limit or smaller than the lower limit, judging that the primary check result deviates from the historical mean variance judgment model;
the two deviation directions are opposite to the case that the primary check result is greater than the upper limit and the case that the primary check result is less than the lower limit.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an electronic transformer checking system, and an electronic transformer checking method based on the previous embodiment includes: the device comprises a sampling device, a fundamental component extraction device, a primary calibration device and an output device;
the sampling device is used for synchronously sampling output signals of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer;
the fundamental component extraction device respectively extracts the fundamental components of output signals of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer based on a frequency spectrum correction method;
the primary calibration device performs primary calibration based on fundamental wave components of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer;
and the output device directly outputs the primary check result as a check result according to the precision requirement, or inputs the primary check result into the sample variance elimination error model after obtaining a plurality of groups of primary check results, and outputs the primary check result as the check result after carrying out error elimination and replacement.
The fundamental component extraction device includes: an amplitude recovery coefficient acquisition device, a frequency correction acquisition device, a phase correction acquisition device and a fundamental component extraction device;
the amplitude recovery coefficient acquisition device is used for carrying out Hanning window spectrum analysis on output signals of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer to obtain the amplitude recovery coefficient of the output signals;
the frequency correction acquisition device is used for carrying out Hanning window frequency correction on output signals of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer to obtain frequency correction;
the phase correction acquisition device is used for carrying out Hanning window phase correction on output signals of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer to obtain phase correction quantity;
the fundamental component extraction device extracts a fundamental component by correcting the output signal based on the amplitude recovery coefficient, the frequency correction amount, and the phase correction amount.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An electronic transformer checking method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a, synchronously sampling output signals of an electronic transformer to be tested and a standard transformer;
b, respectively extracting fundamental wave components of output signals of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer based on a frequency spectrum correction method;
c, primary verification is carried out based on fundamental wave components of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer;
and D, directly outputting the primary check result in the step C as a check result according to the precision requirement, or outputting the primary check result as the check result after inputting a plurality of groups of primary check results obtained in the steps A-C into a sample variance elimination error model for error elimination and replacement after circulating the steps A-C.
2. The electronic transformer verification method according to claim 1, wherein step B comprises the following sub-steps:
b1, performing Hanning window spectrum analysis on output signals of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer to obtain an amplitude recovery coefficient of the output signals;
b2, performing Hanning window frequency correction on output signals of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer to obtain frequency correction quantity;
b3, performing Hanning window phase correction on output signals of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer to obtain a phase correction amount;
and B4, correcting the output signal based on the amplitude recovery coefficient, the frequency correction amount and the phase correction amount, and extracting a fundamental component.
3. The method for verifying the electronic transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the accuracy requirement comprises two levels:
the precision range is primary precision between 0.06 and 0.1;
the precision range is two-level precision within 0.05.
4. The electronic transformer verification method according to claim 3, wherein the output result of the primary precision is a primary verification result;
and the output result of the secondary precision is a checking result output by the sample variance elimination error model.
5. The electronic transformer verification method according to claim 1, wherein the error elimination and replacement process comprises:
s31, inputting a primary check result of current sampling;
s32, judging whether the primary check result of the current sampling deviates from the historical mean variance judgment model:
if so, rejecting the primary check result, replacing the latest undistorted primary check result with the historical mean variance judgment model, performing deviation marking on the currently sampled primary check result, recording the deviation direction, and returning to S31 by taking the next sampled primary check result as the currently sampled primary check result;
otherwise, the primary check result is taken as the historical mean variance judgment model, and the next sampled primary check result is taken as the current sampled primary check result and returned to S31;
and S33, when the deviation marks appear in the primary check results of the continuous 3 samples and the deviation directions are consistent, deleting all the historical mean variance judgment models, reconstructing the historical mean variance judgment models by using the primary check results of the deviation marks, and returning to S31 by using the primary check results of the next sample as the primary check results of the current sample until the sampling is finished.
6. The method for verifying the electronic transformer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the historical mean variance decision model is: calculating the mean value and the variance of the primary check result of the historical sample, taking the sum of the mean value and the variance as an upper limit, and taking the difference of the mean value and the variance as a lower limit;
when the primary check result is larger than the upper limit or smaller than the lower limit, judging that the primary check result deviates from the historical mean variance judgment model;
the two deviation directions are opposite to the case that the primary check result is greater than the upper limit and the case that the primary check result is less than the lower limit.
7. An electronic transformer verification system, based on any one of the electronic transformer verification methods of claims 1-6, comprising: the device comprises a sampling device, a fundamental component extraction device, a primary calibration device and an output device;
the sampling device is used for synchronously sampling output signals of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer;
the fundamental component extraction device respectively extracts the fundamental components of output signals of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer based on a frequency spectrum correction method;
the primary calibration device performs primary calibration based on fundamental wave components of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer;
and the output device directly outputs the primary check result as a check result according to the precision requirement, or inputs the primary check result into the sample variance elimination error model after obtaining a plurality of groups of primary check results, and outputs the primary check result as the check result after carrying out error elimination and replacement.
8. The electronic transformer verification system according to claim 7, wherein the fundamental component extraction means includes: an amplitude recovery coefficient acquisition device, a frequency correction acquisition device, a phase correction acquisition device and a fundamental component extraction device;
the amplitude recovery coefficient acquisition device is used for carrying out Hanning window spectrum analysis on output signals of the electronic transformer to be tested and the standard transformer to obtain the amplitude recovery coefficient of the output signals;
the frequency correction acquisition device is used for carrying out Hanning window frequency correction on output signals of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer to obtain frequency correction;
the phase correction acquisition device is used for carrying out Hanning window phase correction on output signals of the electronic transformer to be detected and the standard transformer to obtain phase correction quantity;
the fundamental component extraction device extracts a fundamental component by correcting the output signal based on the amplitude recovery coefficient, the frequency correction amount, and the phase correction amount.
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