CN113830046B - Efficient braking system based on heavy-duty truck and working method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-efficiency braking system based on a heavy-duty truck and a working method thereof, and the high-efficiency braking system comprises a shell, a working diaphragm positioned in the shell, and a push rod driven by the working diaphragm and extending out of an opening of the shell, wherein an emergency braking diaphragm used for driving the push rod to extend out of the opening of the shell is arranged on one side of the working diaphragm, which is far away from the push rod, a working cavity used for driving the working diaphragm is arranged between the emergency braking diaphragm and the working diaphragm, and an emergency braking cavity used for driving the emergency braking diaphragm is arranged between the emergency braking diaphragm and the shell; the inner part of the shell is provided with a locking mechanism, a spring is arranged between the driving end of the locking mechanism and the working diaphragm, and when the spring pushes the driving end of the locking mechanism to move along the extending direction of the push rod, the locking mechanism fixes the push rod. The invention has reasonable design, locks the push rod by designing the locking structure, is convenient to maintain the push rod at a certain position and greatly improves the effect of stable braking.

Description

A high-efficiency braking system based on heavy-duty truck and its working method

Technical field:

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile braking, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency braking system based on a heavy-duty truck and a working method thereof.

Background technique:

When driving heavy-duty vehicles, serious accidents often occur due to braking problems. Usually, accidents are often caused by sudden failure of braking. The air brake system is the most commonly used brake system for heavy-duty fuel vehicles. With the improvement of braking performance requirements, the brake system should also reduce the driver's work intensity as much as possible. At present, most of the air brake control devices It is composed of air pressure control components such as brake pedal mechanism and brake valve. Due to the unknown dangers of heavy-duty vehicles or vehicles that often travel in mountainous areas, they need to brake in time, so an efficient emergency braking system is required. Most of the researches in this area use the ordinary manual parking brake, which is slow to respond to emergencies and prone to accidents.

Invention content:

The present invention makes improvements to the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, that is, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency braking system based on a heavy-duty truck and a working method thereof.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a high-efficiency braking system based on a heavy-duty truck, comprising a casing, a working diaphragm located inside the casing, driven by the working diaphragm and extending from the opening of the casing The push rod, the side of the working diaphragm away from the push rod is provided with an emergency braking diaphragm for driving the push rod to extend from the opening of the casing, and an emergency braking diaphragm is provided between the emergency braking diaphragm and the working diaphragm. There is a working chamber for driving the working diaphragm, and an emergency braking chamber for driving the emergency braking diaphragm is arranged between the emergency braking diaphragm and the casing; the interior of the casing is provided with a locking mechanism, the lock A spring is arranged between the driving end of the locking mechanism and the working diaphragm. When the spring pushes the driving end of the locking mechanism to move along the extending direction of the push rod, the locking mechanism fixes the push rod.

Further, the locking mechanism includes an elastic piston and a clamping assembly arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the push rod, the elastic piston is the driving end of the locking mechanism, one end of the elastic piston is connected with the spring, and the other end is connected with the spring. The housings are fixedly connected, the spring pushes the elastic piston to expand and contract along the axial direction of the push rod, and the clamping assembly is pushed to expand and contract along the radial direction of the push rod by the spring piston to clamp the push rod.

Further, the clamping assembly includes a conical ring sleeved on the outside of the push rod, the large diameter end of the inner hole of the conical ring faces the elastic piston, and a ring is provided between the inner wall of the conical ring and the outer wall of the push rod. a plurality of locking balls; the elastic piston is in the shape of a ring and is covered on the outside of the conical ring, and an elastic pressing ring is fixed inside the elastic piston. When the spring pushes the elastic piston to compress toward the clamping assembly, the elastic The extruding ring abuts on the conical surface of the inner hole of the conical ring and pushes the locking ball to press the push rod tightly to achieve locking.

Further, a locking cavity is arranged between the elastic piston and the housing, and the conical ring, the locking ball and the elastic pressing ring are all located in the locking cavity; The locking cavity is input into the locking gas injection hole of the compressed gas, and the compressed gas in the locking cavity pushes the elastic piston to deform in the direction away from the opening of the casing, so as to release the locking ball.

Further, the inner side of the elastic pressing ring is provided with an annular gasket for contacting with the locking ball, the annular gasket has an arc shape in cross section, and the arc opening faces the locking ball.

Further, it also includes an air supply device for providing compressed gas for the working chamber and the emergency braking chamber, the air supply device includes a working air storage cylinder and an emergency air storage cylinder, and the working air storage cylinder is communicated with the working chamber; the The emergency air storage cylinder is communicated with the emergency braking cavity and the locking cavity respectively.

Further, the on-off between the working air reservoir and the working chamber is controlled by a working brake valve, and the working brake valve is driven by the brake pedal; The on-off is controlled by the automatic control valve; the on-off is controlled between the emergency air reservoir and the lock chamber and via the parking brake control valve and the emergency brake control valve.

Further, the emergency brake control valve is driven and acted by an emergency brake button; the parking brake valve is actuated by a parking brake button.

Further, the air supply device also includes a main air storage cylinder, which is respectively connected with the working air storage cylinder and the emergency air storage cylinder, between the main air storage cylinder and the working air storage cylinder, and between the main air storage cylinder and the emergency air storage cylinder. All are equipped with a one-way valve.

Another technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a working method of a high-efficiency braking system based on a heavy-duty truck, comprising the following steps:

(1) Normal braking: step on the brake pedal, open the working brake valve, the compressed gas enters the working chamber from the working air storage cylinder, the compressed gas in the working chamber drives the working diaphragm to bend, and the working diaphragm pushes the push rod from the casing. The opening of the push rod is extended, so that the heavy-duty truck is braked, and the emergency brake diaphragm remains stationary. At this time, the spring is compressed, and the spring pushes the elastic piston to deform along the extension direction of the push rod, and the elastic piston drives the elastic extrusion. The ring abuts on the conical surface of the inner hole of the conical ring, and pushes the locking ball to move and press the push rod in the radial direction to realize the locking of the push rod; loosen the brake pedal, close the working brake valve, and the The compressed gas is discharged. Under the action of the spring, the push rod returns to its original position, and the compressed gas of the emergency air storage cylinder enters the locking cavity. Driven by the elastic piston, it is separated from the locking ball to release the locking ball and release the locking of the push rod;

(2) Parking brake: After normal braking, pull out the parking brake button, and the parking brake control valve is closed. At this time, the compressed gas in the emergency air tank cannot enter the lock chamber, and under the action of the spring, the lock is locked. The ball keeps pressing the push rod to prevent the push rod from returning and realize the safe parking of heavy and heavy-duty vehicles;

(3) Emergency braking: Press the emergency braking button, the emergency braking control valve is opened, the compressed gas in the emergency air reservoir enters the emergency braking chamber, and the compressed gas in the emergency braking chamber drives the emergency braking diaphragm to bend, The emergency brake diaphragm pushes the push rod to protrude from the opening of the casing through the working diaphragm, so that the heavy-duty truck can perform working braking; at this time, the spring is compressed, and the spring pushes the elastic piston to deform along the extension direction of the push rod, and the elastic The piston drives the elastic extruding ring to abut on the conical surface of the inner hole of the conical ring, and pushes the locking ball to move in the radial direction to compress the push rod to realize the locking of the push rod;

(4) Driving: Press the parking brake button, and the compressed gas of the emergency air reservoir re-enters the locking cavity. At this time, the compression force of the compressed gas in the locking cavity counteracts part of the elastic force exerted by the spring on the elastic piston, and the locking ball receives The squeezing force is reduced; then pull out the emergency brake button and close the emergency brake control valve, so that the emergency air reservoir will no longer send compressed gas into the emergency brake chamber; finally, the compressed gas in the lock chamber pushes the elastic piston away from The direction of the opening of the casing is deformed, and the elastic pressing ring is separated from the locking ball under the driving of the elastic piston, so as to release the locking ball and release the locking of the push rod.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects: the present invention has a reasonable design, locks the push rod by designing a locking structure, and greatly improves the effect of braking stability.

Description of drawings:

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the diaphragm type brake air chamber in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is A-A step sectional view in Fig. 2;

4 is a schematic front view of a locking mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the B-B sectional schematic diagram in Fig. 4;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation of a locking ball and a push rod in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the tapered ring in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation of the tapered ring and the locking ball in the embodiment of the present invention;

9 is a schematic diagram of the flow of compressed gas during emergency braking in an embodiment of the present invention;

10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the emergency braking button in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air supply device in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the picture:

1-housing; 2-working diaphragm; 3-push rod; 4-spring; 5-diaphragm brake air chamber; 6-emergency brake diaphragm; 7-work chamber; 8-emergency brake chamber; 9-locking mechanism; 10-elastic piston; 11-conical ring; 12-locking ball; 13-elastic extrusion ring; 14-ring gasket; 15-locking cavity; 16-locking air injection hole; 17 - Working air reservoir; 18 - Emergency air reservoir; 19 - Working brake valve; 20 - Emergency brake control valve; 21 - Parking brake control valve; 22 - Main air reservoir; 23 - Check valve; 24 - Emergency brake 25-parking brake button; 26-first valve seat; 27-first gas channel; 28-blocking valve plate; 29-first control shaft; 30-second gas channel; 31-third gas channel; 32-first pipeline; 33-second pipeline; 34-third pipeline; 35-fourth pipeline; 36-inlet section; 37-outlet section; 38-connecting section; 39-gasket sheet; 40-connecting pipe; 41-air inlet; 42-return spring; 43-second control shaft; 44-air outlet.

Detailed ways:

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "portrait", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or It is implied that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Embodiment 1: As shown in Figures 1 to 11, a high-efficiency braking system based on a heavy-duty truck of the present invention includes a casing 1, a working diaphragm 2 located inside the casing 1, driven by the working diaphragm 2 and driven from the working diaphragm 2. The push rod 3 protrudes from the opening of the casing 1, the interior of the casing 1 is provided with a spring 4 sleeved on the outside of the push rod 3, the casing, the working diaphragm, the push rod and the spring constitute a diaphragm brake air chamber 5 ; The side of the working diaphragm 2 away from the push rod 3 is provided with an emergency braking diaphragm 6 for driving the push rod 3 to extend from the opening of the housing 1. The emergency braking diaphragm 6 and the working diaphragm 2 There is a working chamber 7 for driving the working diaphragm 2 to bend, and an emergency braking chamber 8 for driving the emergency braking diaphragm 6 to bend between the emergency braking diaphragm 6 and the housing 1. The emergency braking chamber 8 is independent from the working chamber 7, and is located on both sides of the push rod 3; the interior of the housing 1 is provided with a locking mechanism 9, and the driving end of the locking mechanism 9 and the working diaphragm 2 are provided with The spring 4, when the spring pushes the driving end of the locking mechanism to move along the extending direction of the push rod, the locking mechanism fixes the push rod. The push rod is locked by designing a locking structure to maintain the braking effect and greatly improve the braking stability.

In this embodiment, the locking mechanism 9 includes an elastic piston 10 and a clamping assembly that are arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the push rod 3 and sleeved on the outside of the push rod 3 , and one end of the elastic piston 10 is connected to the spring 4 Abutting, the other end is fixedly connected with the housing 1, the spring 4 pushes the elastic piston 10 to expand and contract along the axial direction of the push rod 3 after being pressed, and the elastic piston 10 uses its own expansion and contraction as the driving end of the locking mechanism 9; the clip The tightening assembly is pushed by the spring piston 10 to expand and contract along the radial direction of the push rod 3 , so as to clamp the push rod in the radial direction of the push rod 3 to realize the locking of the push rod.

In this embodiment, the clamping assembly includes a conical ring 11 sleeved on the outside of the push rod 3 , the large diameter end of the inner hole of the conical ring 11 faces the elastic piston 10 , and the inner wall of the conical ring 13 is connected to the push rod. A plurality of locking balls 12 are arranged in the ring between the outer walls of the 3; An elastic pressing ring 13 is clamped inside. When the spring 4 pushes the elastic piston 10 to compress towards the clamping assembly, the elastic pressing ring 13 abuts on the conical surface of the inner hole of the conical ring 11 and squeezes the locking ball 12. The elastic pressing ring 13 pushes the locking ball 12 to move along the radial direction of the push rod 3 by squeezing, and then presses the outer wall of the push rod tightly to achieve locking by generating frictional force.

In this embodiment, the inner side of the elastic pressing ring 13 is provided with an annular gasket 14 for contacting the locking ball 12 . An annular washer 14 encloses the locking ball 12 .

In this embodiment, there are 15 locking balls, and the locking balls are in the shape of a drum that is large in the middle and small at both ends.

In this embodiment, a locking cavity 15 is provided between the elastic piston 10 and the housing 1 , and the conical ring 11 , the locking ball 12 , the annular gasket 14 and the elastic pressing ring 13 are all located in the locking cavity 15 ; the housing 1 is provided with a locking gas injection hole 16 for inputting compressed gas into the locking cavity 15 , and the compressed gas in the locking cavity 15 pushes the elastic piston 10 to deform in a direction away from the opening of the housing 1 . During operation, the compressed gas in the locking cavity 15 pushes the elastic piston 10 to deform in a direction away from the opening of the casing, and the elastic pressing ring 13 is separated from the locking ball 12 under the driving of the elastic piston 10 to release the locking ball. The pressing force on the locking ball is reduced, and the locking of the push rod is released.

In this embodiment, in order to improve the sealing effect on the locking cavity, the elastic pressing ring is provided with a sealing ring.

When the locking mechanism works: the push rod 3 is driven by the working diaphragm 2 or the emergency brake diaphragm 6 and protrudes from the opening of the casing 1. At this time, when the push rod 3 moves, the tray at its end is used for pairing. The spring 4 is compressed, the spring 4 pushes the elastic piston 10 to deform along the extending direction of the push rod 3, the elastic piston 10 drives the elastic pressing ring 13 to abut the conical surface of the inner hole of the conical ring 11, and pushes the locking ball 12 Move and press the push rod 3 in the radial direction to realize the locking of the push rod. When it is necessary to release the lock, stop the delivery of compressed gas into the working chamber 7 or the emergency braking chamber, and the compressed gas is discharged. Input the compressed gas, the compressed gas in the locking cavity 15 pushes the elastic piston 10 to deform in a direction away from the opening of the casing 1, and the elastic pressing ring 13 is separated from the locking ball 12 under the driving of the elastic piston 10 to release the locking ball to unlock the putter.

In this embodiment, the braking system further includes an air supply device for supplying compressed gas to the working chamber 7 and the emergency braking chamber 8, and the air supply device includes an independent working air storage cylinder 17 and an emergency air storage cylinder 18, The working air storage cylinder 17 is communicated with the working chamber 7 through the working pipeline, and the working pipeline is controlled on and off through the working brake valve 19 to deliver compressed gas into the working chamber, and the compressed gas in the working chamber 7 drives the working diaphragm. 2 is bent; the emergency air storage cylinder 18 is communicated with the emergency braking chamber 8 and the locking chamber 15 respectively, and the emergency air storage cylinder 18 and the emergency braking chamber 8 are controlled on and off through the emergency braking control valve 20, and the emergency air storage cylinder 18 and the lock chamber 15 and via the parking brake control valve 21 and the emergency brake control valve 20 to control on and off, so as to deliver compressed gas to the emergency brake chamber and the lock chamber, respectively. That is, the compressed gas of the emergency air storage cylinder has two circulation channels, one is used to bend the emergency brake diaphragm and then push the push rod to realize braking, and the other channel is used to release the locking mechanism.

In this embodiment, for the convenience of control, the working brake valve 19 is driven to open or close by the brake pedal.

In this embodiment, the air supply device further includes a main air storage cylinder 22, and the main air storage cylinder 22 is respectively connected with the working air storage cylinder 17 and the emergency air storage cylinder 18, so as to be directed toward the working air storage cylinder 17 and the emergency air storage cylinder 18 respectively at the same time. For conveying compressed gas, a check valve 23 is provided between the main gas storage cylinder 22 and the working gas storage cylinder 17, and between the main gas storage cylinder 22 and the emergency gas storage cylinder 18; the working gas storage cylinder 17 and the emergency gas storage cylinder 18 are provided with two one-way valves 23 are isolated from each other, and the air pressure is provided by the main air storage cylinder, which is safe and reliable, and can make up for the pressure in time when problems are found during ordinary work braking. It should be noted that a one-way valve is installed between the working air reservoir and the emergency air reservoir to ensure that the working air reservoir and the emergency air reservoir will not interfere with each other in different scenarios. Press to the working air reservoir and emergency air reservoir, which is convenient for adding compressed gas and equipment maintenance. When the air pressure is insufficient, the two air storage tanks can be repressurized at the same time, so as to avoid the shortage of air pressure in the emergency air storage tank in an emergency.

In this embodiment, the working diaphragm 2 and the emergency braking diaphragm 6 are both fixed on the casing 1 with clamps. It should be noted that the structure fixed by the clamp is the same as the structure of the existing diaphragm type brake air chamber, and will not be repeated here.

It should be noted that the end of the push rod extending out of the housing is connected to the brake adjustment arm of the brake through the connecting fork. This part of the structure is in the prior art and will not be repeated here.

It should be noted that the working diaphragm is set between the emergency braking diaphragm and the push rod, so when the emergency diaphragm is bent, it will drive the working diaphragm to bend at the same time, and then act on the push rod with the help of the working diaphragm to realize driving. The push rod protrudes toward the opening of the housing.

Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the emergency brake control valve 20 is actuated by the emergency brake button 24, and the parking brake valve 21 is actuated by the parking brake button 25. Improve the convenience of operation, as shown in Figure 9.

In this embodiment, the parking brake control valve 21 includes a first valve seat 26 , a first gas passage 27 is provided inside the first valve seat 26 , and one end of the first gas passage 27 passes through the first pipeline 32 Connected with the emergency air storage cylinder 18, the middle part of the first gas channel 27 is provided with a blocking valve piece 28 for controlling on-off, the blocking valve piece 28 is made of rubber, and the blocking valve piece 28 is controlled by the first The shaft 29 is driven to move along, and the moving direction of the blocking valve plate 28 is perpendicular to the flow direction of the first gas passage 27. One end of the first control shaft 29 is connected to the parking brake button 25. When the parking brake button is pressed 25, the blocking valve piece 28 opens the first gas passage 27; when the parking brake button 25 is pulled out, the blocking valve piece 28 closes the first gas passage 27.

In this embodiment, the emergency brake control valve 20 is provided with a second gas channel 30 and a third gas channel 31 which are independent of each other, the second gas channel 30 is normally open, and the second gas channel 30 is One end is communicated with the other end of the first gas channel 27, and the other end of the second gas channel 30 is communicated with the locking gas injection hole 16 through the second pipeline 33; one end of the third gas channel 31 is connected through the third pipeline 34 is communicated with the emergency air storage cylinder 18 , and the other end is communicated with the emergency braking chamber 8 through the fourth pipeline 35 .

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 10 , the third gas passage 31 includes an inlet section 36 and an outlet section 37 , and a communication section 38 is arranged between the inlet section 36 and the outlet section 37 , and the communication section 38 is in the shape of a The small-diameter end of the communication section 38 faces the air outlet section 37, the inner wall of the small diameter end of the communication section 38 is provided with a sealing gasket 39, and the air outlet section 37 and the small diameter end of the communication section 38 are connected by a communication pipe 40, and the communication pipe One end port of 40 close to the communication section 38 is a closed structure, the communication pipe 40 is slidingly matched with the sealing gasket 39, the side wall of one end of the communication pipe 40 close to the communication section 38 is provided with an air inlet 41, and the other end extends into the air outlet section and the side wall. An air outlet 44 is provided, and the air inlet 41 is sealed by a sealing gasket 39 . A return spring 42 abuts between the large-diameter end of the communication section 38 and the end face of the communication pipe 40, and the return spring is installed in the large-diameter end of the communication section through a spring support; Two control shafts 43, the second control shaft 43 and the return spring 42 are respectively disposed on both sides of the communication pipe 40, one end of the second control shaft 43 is connected with the emergency brake button 24, and the other end of the second control shaft 43 is used for It is in contact with the end surface of the communication pipe 40 . When working: when the emergency brake button 24 is pressed, the emergency brake button 24 pushes the communication pipe 40 to slide along the sealing gasket 39 through the second control shaft 43, so that the air inlet 41 on the communication pipe 40 is located at the end of the communication section 38. In the large diameter end, the air inlet section 36 is communicated with the communication section 38 at this time, and the communication section 38 is communicated with the air outlet section 37 through the air outlet 41 and the communication pipe 40 to realize the opening of the third gas passage 31; at this time, the return spring 42 is The communication pipe 40 is compressed. When the emergency brake button 24 is pulled out, the second control shaft 43 is separated from the communication pipe 40, and the return spring 42 pushes the communication pipe 40 to reset by the elastic force. At this time, the air inlet 41 is sealed by the sealing gasket 39 again. By blocking, the third gas channel 31 is closed.

The working method of the braking system includes the following steps:

(1) Normal braking: step on the brake pedal, open the working brake valve 19, the compressed gas enters the working chamber 7 from the working air storage cylinder 17, and the compressed gas in the working chamber 7 drives the working diaphragm 2 to bend, and the working diaphragm 2 Relying on the bending push rod 3 to protrude from the opening of the housing 1, the heavy-duty truck can be braked, and the emergency brake diaphragm 6 remains motionless. At this time, the spring 4 is compressed, and the spring 4 pushes the elastic piston 10 along the The extension direction of the push rod 3 is deformed, and the elastic piston 10 drives the elastic pressing ring 13 to abut on the conical surface of the inner hole of the conical ring 11, and pushes the locking ball 12 to move in the radial direction to compress the push rod 3, so as to push the push rod 3. Locking of the rod; when the brake pedal is released, the working brake valve 19 is closed, and the compressed gas in the working chamber 7 is discharged. Under the action of the spring 4, the push rod 3 returns to its original position, and the compressed gas of the emergency air storage cylinder 18 enters the lock. The locking cavity 15, the compressed gas in the locking cavity 15 pushes the elastic piston 10 to deform in a direction away from the opening of the casing 1, and the elastic pressing ring 13 is separated from the locking ball 12 under the driving of the elastic piston 10 to release the locking ball, unlock the putter;

(2) Parking brake: After normal braking, pull out the parking brake button 25, and the parking brake control valve 21 is closed. At this time, the compressed gas in the emergency air reservoir 18 cannot enter the locking chamber 15, and the compressed air in the emergency air cylinder 18 cannot enter the locking chamber 15. Under the action, the locking ball 12 keeps pressing the push rod 3 to prevent the push rod from returning, so as to realize the safe parking of the heavy-duty vehicle;

(3) Emergency braking: Press the emergency braking button 24, the emergency braking control valve 20 is opened, the compressed gas in the emergency air reservoir 18 enters the emergency braking chamber 8, and the compressed gas in the emergency braking chamber 8 drives the emergency braking The moving diaphragm 6 is bent, and the emergency braking diaphragm 6 pushes the push rod 3 to extend from the opening of the casing 1 through the working diaphragm 2, so that the heavy-duty truck performs the working braking; at this time, the spring 4 is compressed, and the spring 4 pushes the elastic The piston 10 is deformed along the extension direction of the push rod 3, the elastic piston 10 drives the elastic pressing ring 13 to abut on the conical surface of the inner hole of the conical ring 11, and pushes the locking ball 12 to move in the radial direction to press the push rod 3. Realize the locking of the push rod;

(4) Driving: Press the parking brake button 25, and the compressed gas of the emergency air cylinder 18 re-enters the locking chamber 15. At this time, the compression force of the compressed gas in the locking chamber 15 offsets the partial elastic force exerted by the spring 4 on the elastic piston 10. , the squeezing force on the locking ball 12 is reduced; then pull out the emergency brake button 24 and close the emergency brake control valve 20, so that the emergency air reservoir 18 no longer delivers compressed gas into the emergency brake chamber 15; The compressed gas in the locking cavity 15 pushes the elastic piston 10 to deform in a direction away from the opening of the casing 1, and the elastic pressing ring 13 is separated from the locking ball 12 under the driving of the elastic piston 10, so as to release the locking ball and release the opposite push Locking of lever 3.

The advantages of the present invention are:

(1) The locking structure composed of elastic piston, elastic extrusion ring, conical ring and locking ball is designed, so that the push rod can be maintained in a certain position after it is extended, and the effect of braking stability is greatly improved;

(2) Since the emergency braking chamber and the working chamber are set independently, the emergency braking device and the ordinary pedal braking are respectively arranged on both sides of the push rod, the structure is simple, and the devices do not interfere with each other;

(3) The working air reservoir and the emergency air reservoir are isolated from each other by two one-way valves, and the main air reservoir provides air pressure in a unified manner, which is safe and reliable, and can be recharged in time when problems are found during ordinary work braking.

If the present invention discloses or involves parts or structures that are fixedly connected to each other, then, unless otherwise stated, fixed connection can be understood as: detachable fixed connection (for example, using bolts or screws), can also be understood as: Non-removable fixed connections (such as riveting, welding), of course, mutual fixed connections can also be replaced by a one-piece structure (for example, integrally formed using a casting process) (except that it is obviously impossible to use a one-piece forming process).

In addition, unless otherwise stated, the terms used in any of the technical solutions disclosed in the present disclosure used to represent positional relationships or shapes include states or shapes that are similar to, similar to, or close to.

Any component provided by the present invention may be assembled from a plurality of individual components, or may be a single component manufactured by an integral molding process.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand: The specific embodiments of the invention are modified or some technical features are equivalently replaced; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, all of them should be included in the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a high-efficient braking system based on heavy-duty truck, includes the casing, is located the inside work diaphragm of casing, is driven by the work diaphragm and the push rod that stretches out from the opening of casing which characterized in that: an emergency brake diaphragm used for driving the push rod to extend out of the opening of the shell is arranged on one side, away from the push rod, of the working diaphragm, a working cavity used for driving the working diaphragm is arranged between the emergency brake diaphragm and the working diaphragm, and an emergency brake cavity used for driving the emergency brake diaphragm is arranged between the emergency brake diaphragm and the shell; a locking mechanism is arranged inside the shell, a spring is arranged between the driving end of the locking mechanism and the working diaphragm, and when the spring pushes the driving end of the locking mechanism to move along the extending direction of the push rod, the locking mechanism fixes the push rod; the locking mechanism comprises an elastic piston and a clamping assembly which are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the push rod, the elastic piston is a driving end of the locking mechanism, one end of the elastic piston is connected with a spring, the other end of the elastic piston is fixedly connected with the shell, the spring pushes the elastic piston to stretch along the axial direction of the push rod, and the clamping assembly is pushed by the spring piston to stretch along the radial direction of the push rod so as to clamp the push rod; a locking cavity is arranged between the elastic piston and the shell; the emergency brake device is characterized by also comprising a gas supply device for providing compressed gas for the working cavity and the emergency brake cavity, wherein the gas supply device comprises a working gas cylinder and an emergency gas cylinder, and the working gas cylinder is communicated with the working cavity; the emergency air reservoir is respectively communicated with the emergency braking cavity and the locking cavity.

2. The heavy-duty truck-based high-efficiency braking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the clamping assembly comprises a conical ring sleeved on the outer side of the push rod, the large-diameter end of an inner hole of the conical ring faces the elastic piston, and a plurality of locking balls are annularly arranged between the inner wall of the conical ring and the outer wall of the push rod; the elastic piston is annular and covers the outside of establishing at the bell ring, and the inside of elastic piston has set firmly elastic extrusion ring, when the spring promoted elastic piston towards clamping component compression, elastic extrusion ring butt is on the conical surface of bell ring hole and promotes the locking ball and sticiss the push rod, realizes the locking.

3. The heavy-duty truck-based high-efficiency braking system according to claim 2, wherein: the conical ring, the locking ball and the elastic extrusion ring are all positioned in the locking cavity; be equipped with on the casing in order to do benefit to towards the locking gas injection hole of locking chamber input compressed gas, the compressed gas in the locking intracavity promotes the elastic piston and warp towards keeping away from casing open-ended direction to unclamp the locking ball.

4. The heavy-duty truck-based high-efficiency braking system according to claim 2, wherein: the inner side of the elastic extrusion ring is provided with an annular gasket which is used for being in contact with the locking ball, the section of the annular gasket is arc-shaped, and the arc opening faces the locking ball.

5. The heavy-duty truck-based high-efficiency braking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the on-off between the working air cylinder and the working cavity is controlled by a working brake valve, and the working brake valve is driven by a brake pedal to act; the emergency air reservoir and the emergency brake chamber are controlled to be switched on and off through an emergency brake control valve; and the on-off is controlled between the emergency air cylinder and the locking cavity and through a parking brake control valve and an emergency brake control valve.

6. The heavy truck-based high-efficiency braking system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the emergency brake control valve is driven to act by an emergency brake key; the parking brake control valve is driven by a parking brake key to act.

7. A heavy truck based high efficiency braking system according to claim 3 wherein: the gas supply device also comprises a main gas cylinder, the main gas cylinder is respectively connected with the working gas cylinder and the emergency gas cylinder, and one-way valves are respectively arranged between the main gas cylinder and the working gas cylinder and between the main gas cylinder and the emergency gas cylinder.

8. A working method of a high-efficiency braking system based on a heavy truck is characterized by comprising the following steps: the heavy-duty truck-based high-efficiency braking system comprises the following steps of:

(1) normal braking: the brake pedal is stepped down, the working brake valve is opened, compressed gas enters the working cavity from the working gas cylinder, the compressed gas in the working cavity drives the working diaphragm to bend, the working diaphragm pushes the push rod to extend out of the opening of the shell, so that the heavy-duty truck performs working braking, the emergency brake diaphragm is kept still, the spring is compressed at the moment, the spring pushes the elastic piston to deform along the extending direction of the push rod, the elastic piston drives the elastic extrusion ring to abut against the conical surface of the inner hole of the conical ring, and the locking ball is pushed to move along the radial direction to press the push rod tightly, so that the locking of the push rod is realized; the brake pedal is released, the working brake valve is closed, compressed gas in the working cavity is discharged, the push rod returns to the original position under the action of the spring, the compressed gas in the emergency gas cylinder enters the locking cavity, the compressed gas in the locking cavity pushes the elastic piston to deform towards the direction far away from the opening of the shell, and the elastic extrusion ring is separated from the locking ball under the driving of the elastic piston so as to release the locking ball and release the locking of the push rod;

(2) parking and braking: after normal braking, pulling out a parking brake key, closing a parking brake control valve, wherein compressed gas in an emergency gas cylinder cannot enter a locking cavity, and a locking ball keeps pressing a push rod under the action of a spring to prevent the push rod from returning so as to realize safe parking of the heavy-duty truck;

(3) emergency braking: the emergency brake button is pressed, the emergency brake control valve is opened, compressed gas in the emergency gas cylinder enters the emergency brake cavity, the compressed gas in the emergency brake cavity drives the emergency brake diaphragm to bend, and the emergency brake diaphragm pushes the push rod to extend out of the opening of the shell through the working diaphragm, so that the heavy-duty truck performs working brake; at the moment, the spring is compressed, the spring pushes the elastic piston to deform along the extending direction of the push rod, the elastic piston drives the elastic extrusion ring to abut against the conical surface of the inner hole of the conical ring and pushes the locking ball to move along the radial direction to tightly press the push rod, and the locking of the push rod is realized;

(4) driving: when a parking brake button is pressed, compressed gas in the emergency gas cylinder enters the locking cavity again, the compression force of the compressed gas in the locking cavity counteracts partial elastic force applied to the elastic piston by the spring, and the extrusion force applied to the locking ball is reduced; then the emergency brake key is pulled out, and the emergency brake control valve is closed, so that the emergency air reservoir does not convey compressed air to the emergency brake cavity any more; and finally, compressed gas in the locking cavity pushes the elastic piston to deform towards the direction away from the opening of the shell, and the elastic extrusion ring is separated from the locking ball under the driving of the elastic piston so as to loosen the locking ball and release the locking of the push rod.

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