CN113916829A - Gas turbine combustion monitoring and diagnosing device based on TDLAS technology - Google Patents
Gas turbine combustion monitoring and diagnosing device based on TDLAS technology Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 372
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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Abstract
The invention discloses a TDLAS technology-based combustion monitoring and diagnosing device for a gas turbine, which comprises an initial state access module, a TDLAS combustion state parameter monitoring module, a combustion diagnosis criterion storage module and a combustion state diagnosing module. During operation, the initial state parameter access module acquires the initial temperature, pressure and H of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine2O concentration and the like; TDLAS combustion state monitoring module for monitoring real-time temperature, pressure pulsation and H of combustion chamber2The concentration of the O component; a combustion state diagnosis module for analyzing real-time temperature, pressure pulsation and H of the combustion chamber by comparison2O component concentration information, combustion diagnosis criterion storage module stored combustion chamber temperature reference informationPressure pulsation frequency and amplitude reference information, H2And O concentration reference information and combustion chamber initial state information, and diagnosing and outputting the combustion state of the combustion chamber. The invention can accurately position the fault combustion chamber, simplify the combustion state monitoring system of the in-service gas turbine and improve the combustion state monitoring and diagnosing precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas turbines, and particularly relates to a TDLAS technology-based gas turbine combustion monitoring and diagnosing device.
Background
The combustion monitoring and diagnosis of the gas turbine mainly comprises the steps of obtaining state parameters such as pressure, temperature and components of a combustion chamber by an effective monitoring method, diagnosing the combustion state of the combustion chamber, feeding back a diagnosis result to a combustion control system, and adjusting the inlet air flow, the fuel quantity, the distribution and the like of the combustion chamber to ensure that the combustion chamber operates safely and stably, and the emission meets the requirements.
The combustion monitoring and diagnosing method adopted by the existing in-service gas turbine mainly diagnoses the combustion state of a combustion chamber by monitoring parameters such as turbine outlet temperature, pressure pulsation near the outlet of a fuel nozzle, flame luminous intensity and the like and according to corresponding combustion fault diagnosis criteria. The combustion monitoring and diagnosing method adopted by the in-service combustion engine needs to be improved. Firstly, after high-temperature gas at the outlet of a combustion chamber flows through a turbine, a hot spot of the high-temperature gas deflects, and the specific combustion chamber is difficult to diagnose to have an overtemperature fault based on the temperature at the outlet of the turbine; secondly, the combustion monitoring and diagnosing system of the in-service gas turbine needs to integrate real-time monitoring signals of a plurality of devices such as a thermocouple, a pressure pulsation sensor, a flame detector and the like, needs to process the measurement errors of the plurality of monitoring devices and analyze multi-source signals, is relatively complex in system composition, and has high difficulty in accurate combustion monitoring and diagnosing.
In order to reduce the difficulty of monitoring and diagnosing the combustion state parameters and improve the precision, the existing combustion monitoring and diagnosing equipment can be replaced by optical measuring equipment based on a tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of complex combustion monitoring and diagnosing system, low combustion state monitoring and diagnosing precision, high difficulty and the like of the in-service gas turbine, the invention provides a TDLAS technology-based combustion monitoring and diagnosing device of the gas turbine, which can monitor the temperature, the pressure and the H of a combustion chamber on line2And the concentration of the O component and the like, and diagnosing the combustion state of the combustion chamber.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a combustion monitoring and diagnosing device of a gas turbine based on TDLAS technology comprises an initial state access module, a TDLAS combustion state parameter monitoring module, a combustion diagnosis criterion storage module and a combustion state diagnosis module;
the initial state parameter access module is used for acquiring the air compressor exhaust temperature and the air compressor exhaust pressure at the air compressor exhaust end of the gas turbine and acquiring the air humidity in the air inlet channel of the gas turbine;
TDLAS combustion state monitoring module for emitting 2 strips of H2The two emitted lasers are coupled into one laser beam which passes through the flow field to be measured of the combustion chamber, and the laser signal which passes through the flow field to be measured can be effectively received by the TDLAS combustion state monitoring module and converted into real-time temperature, pressure pulsation and H of the combustion chamber2O component concentration combustion state parameter online information;
the combustion diagnosis criterion storage module is used for storing a temperature reference value, a pressure pulsation frequency and amplitude reference value and a combustion chamber H of the combustion chamber under different working conditions2A reference value of O concentration;
a combustion state diagnosis module for real-time temperature, pressure pulsation and H of the combustion chamber obtained by the TDLAS combustion monitoring module2O component concentration information, combustion chamber temperature reference value, pressure pulsation frequency and amplitude reference value and combustion chamber H stored in combustion diagnosis criterion storage module2And comparing and analyzing the O concentration reference value, diagnosing and outputting the combustion state of the combustion chamber.
The invention is further improved in that the high temperature resistant quartz glass is used for isolating the height of the combustion chamber of the gas turbineThe temperature gas is heated, a monitoring light path of the TDLAS combustion state monitoring module is established, and the TDLAS combustion state monitoring module is ensured to complete the temperature, the pressure and the H of a combustion flow field on the premise of not contacting the high-temperature gas in the combustion chamber of the gas turbine2And monitoring the O component state parameter.
The invention is further improved in that 2 pieces emitted by the TDLAS combustion state monitoring module can be H-modulated2The laser absorbed by O is single-mode laser, the wavelength of the laser is between 1260nm and 1650nm, the laser is in the working wave band of the DFB diode laser for communication, and the numerical value of the spectral line intensity of the two lasers at 450-1800 ℃ has little difference.
The invention has the further improvement that the TDLAS combustion state monitoring module monitors combustion flow field parameters near the outlet of the transition section of the combustion chamber, and converts the parameters into temperature values of a flow field to be measured in the combustion chamber according to the corresponding relation between light intensity and temperature by analyzing light intensity change information of a laser absorption spectrum; analyzing the corresponding relation between the broadening of the absorption spectrum signal and the pressure, converting the broadening into a pressure value of a flow field to be measured in the combustion chamber, and performing FFT (fast Fourier transform) conversion on the flow field pressure to obtain the pressure pulsation frequency and corresponding amplitude information of the flow field to be measured in the combustion chamber; by analyzing the line type and the second harmonic peak value of the laser absorption spectrum signal, acquiring the H of the flow field to be measured of the combustion chamber according to the corresponding relation between the component concentration and the second harmonic peak value and combining the combustion temperature and the combustion pressure information2The O concentration.
The invention is further improved in that the initial state access module can acquire atmospheric humidity by means of the existing atmospheric parameter monitoring equipment of the gas turbine in service and convert the atmospheric humidity into the initial H of the combustion chamber2The concentration of O; the compressor discharge temperature and the discharge pressure can be obtained by the existing compressor discharge temperature and discharge pressure monitoring equipment of the gas turbine in service and taken as the initial temperature and the initial pressure of the combustion chamber.
The invention is further improved in that the combustion diagnosis criterion storage module stores the temperature reference information of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine and H2O concentration reference information and pressure reference information.
A further development of the invention is that,the stored temperature reference information of the combustion chamber comprises a normal range, an early warning value and an alarm value of the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber under different working conditions, and the normal range, the early warning value and the alarm value are average values of outlet planes of a transition section of the combustion chamber; stored H2The O concentration reference value is derived from atmospheric humidity under different working conditions and can be updated in real time; the stored combustion chamber pressure reference information comprises the safety range of the frequency and the amplitude of the combustion chamber pressure pulsation, the natural acoustic frequency of combustion chamber components, the early warning value and the trip value of the amplitude and the frequency of the pressure pulsation under different working conditions.
The combustion state diagnosis module sends the combustion state information of normal combustion temperature, high combustion temperature and over-temperature combustion temperature to the gas turbine control system by comparing and analyzing the initial temperature of the combustion chamber obtained by the initial state access module, the temperature of the combustion chamber provided by the TDLAS monitoring module and the combustion temperature reference value stored by the combustion diagnosis criterion storage module; combustion chamber H provided by a comparative analysis TDLAS monitoring module2O and H stored by combustion diagnosis criterion storage module2O concentration, which sends the information of successful ignition and failure of ignition of the combustion chamber to a gas turbine control system; through the pressure pulsation amplitude and the frequency information of the combustion chamber provided by the comparative analysis TDLAS monitoring module, combustion stability, combustion instability early warning and combustion instability combustion state information are sent to the gas turbine control system.
The invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
the TDLAS technology-based combustion monitoring and diagnosing device for the gas turbine can acquire the temperature, the pressure and the H of a combustion flow field by processing and analyzing laser absorption spectrum signals of the flow field to be detected passing through the combustion chamber under the condition of not contacting high-temperature gas of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine and can acquire the temperature, the pressure and the H of the combustion flow field2The method has the advantages that the method does not need to process and analyze the measurement data of primary measurement elements of a plurality of monitoring devices according to the state parameters such as the O concentration and the like, and can simplify the processing flow of the combustion state monitoring data of the gas turbine; and the measurement error caused by a plurality of measurement elements can not be introduced, and the measurement precision of the combustion state monitoring is higher.
Furthermore, the combustion monitoring and diagnosing device of the gas turbine based on the TDLAS technology can replace a combustion temperature monitoring system arranged near a turbine outlet, a flame detection system arranged near a combustion chamber nozzle, a pressure pulsation monitoring system and the like of an in-service gas turbine, avoid data interaction among multiple systems, improve the measurement accuracy of combustion state parameters of the gas turbine and simplify the complexity of the existing combustion state monitoring system of the gas turbine.
Furthermore, the combustion monitoring and diagnosing device of the gas turbine based on the TDLAS technology can directly monitor and diagnose the combustion state of each combustion chamber of the gas turbine, can accurately position a fault combustion chamber when the combustion chamber has a combustion fault, and can avoid the phenomenon that the fault combustion chamber cannot be accurately positioned due to hot spot migration caused by the rotation action of turbine blades.
Furthermore, the combustion monitoring and diagnosing device of the gas turbine based on the TDLAS technology, provided by the invention, only needs to compare and analyze the initial state parameters of the combustion chamber obtained by the initial state access module, the combustion chamber state parameters obtained by the TDLAS combustion state parameter monitoring module in real time, the combustion chamber temperature reference values and the H combustion diagnosis criterion storage module under different working conditions2The combustion state of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine can be diagnosed by the aid of the O concentration reference value and the pressure reference value, and the combustion state diagnosis logic of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine can be simplified to a certain extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. an initial state access module; a TDLAS combustion state parameter monitoring module; 3. a combustion diagnosis criterion storage module; 4. a combustion status diagnostic module.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The application field of the invention is a combustion state monitoring and diagnosing device of a gas turbine as shown in FIG. 1. As shown in the figure, the combustion temperature monitoring and diagnosing device of the gas turbine based on the TDLAS technology comprises an initial state access module 1, a TDLAS combustion state parameter monitoring module 2, a combustion diagnosis criterion storage module 3 and a combustion state diagnosis module 4. When the gas turbine engine works, the initial state access module 1 obtains the exhaust temperature and the exhaust pressure of the gas compressor by the existing measurement system of the gas turbine, and provides the exhaust temperature and the exhaust pressure as initial state parameters of a combustion chamber to the combustion state diagnosis module 4; air humidity is obtained by an air humidity measuring device in an air inlet of a gas turbine and is converted into initial H of a combustion chamber2The O concentration. The TDLAS combustion state parameter monitoring module 2 is provided with 2 pieces of data which can be processed by H2The narrow-band laser signal absorbed by O is coupled into a beam of parallel light, the parallel light to be coupled into a beam is received by a TDLAS combustion state monitoring module after passing through a flow field to be measured of a combustion chamber of the gas turbine, and the beam is converted into real-time temperature, pressure pulsation and H of the combustion chamber through calculation and analysis2And combustion state parameters such as the O component concentration are provided to the combustion state diagnostic module 4 in real time. The combustion diagnosis criterion storage module 3 prestores the normal combustion temperature range, the early warning value and the warning value of the outlet plane of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine under different working conditions, and the H of the outlet plane of the combustion chamber under different working conditions2O concentration, safe range of pressure pulsation frequency and amplitude of the combustion chamber under different working conditions, inherent acoustic frequency of combustion chamber components, early warning value of pressure pulsation amplitude and frequency, trip value and the like, and can be called by the combustion state diagnosis module 4 at any time. The combustion state diagnosis module 4 integrates the data and information provided by the initial state access module 1, the TDLAS combustion state parameter monitoring module 2 and the combustion diagnosis criterion storage module 3, and analyzes the initial state through comparisonThe initial temperature of the combustion chamber acquired by the state access module 1, the combustion chamber temperature provided by the TDLAS combustion state parameter monitoring module 2 and the combustion temperature reference information stored by the combustion diagnosis criterion storage module 3 send combustion state information such as normal combustion temperature, high combustion temperature, over-temperature combustion temperature and the like to the gas turbine control system; combustion chamber H provided by TDLAS combustion state parameter monitoring module 2 through comparison and analysis2O and H stored by combustion diagnosis criterion storage module 32O concentration information, which sends information of successful ignition, failure of ignition and the like of the combustion chamber to a gas turbine control system; the initial temperature of the combustion chamber obtained by the initial state access module 1, the combustion chamber pressure pulsation amplitude, frequency and other information provided by the TDLAS combustion state parameter monitoring module 2 and the combustion pressure reference information stored by the combustion diagnosis criterion storage module 3 can be compared and analyzed, and combustion state information such as combustion stability, combustion instability early warning and combustion instability and the like can be sent to the gas turbine control system.
Preferably, the gas turbine combustor utilizes the high-temperature gas isolated by the high-temperature-resistant quartz glass, and provides an optical monitoring window for the TDLAS combustion state monitoring module 2, so that the TDLAS combustion state monitoring module 2 can ensure that the laser can smoothly pass through a flow field to be detected of the gas turbine combustor on the premise of not contacting the high-temperature gas in the gas turbine combustor, and the combustion temperature, the combustion pressure and the combustion duration H are realized2Monitoring the state parameters of O component and the like.
Preferably, 2 pieces emitted from the TDLAS combustion state monitoring module 2 may be H-coupled2The laser absorbed by O is single-mode laser, the wavelength of the laser is between 1260nm and 1650nm, the laser is in the working wave band of the DFB diode laser for communication, and the numerical value of the spectral line intensity of the two lasers at 450-1800 ℃ has little difference.
Preferably, the initial state access module 1 acquires the atmospheric humidity by means of the existing atmospheric parameter monitoring equipment of the gas turbine in service and converts the atmospheric humidity into the initial H of the combustion chamber2The concentration of O; the method comprises the steps of obtaining parameters such as the exhaust temperature and the exhaust pressure of a compressor by means of existing monitoring equipment for the exhaust temperature and the exhaust pressure of the compressor of the in-service gas turbine, and taking the parameters as the initial temperature and the initial pressure of a combustion chamber.
Preferably, the combustion diagnosis criterion storage module 3 stores a stored reference value of the combustion chamber temperature of the gas turbine combustion chamber, H2A reference value of O concentration, a reference value of pressure, etc.; and the stored temperature reference value of the combustion chamber is the average value of the combustion temperature of the outlet plane of the transition section of the combustion chamber.
Preferably, the combustion state diagnosing module 4 diagnoses, by simple logic, combustion state information such as whether the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber is normal, whether the combustion temperature is too high, whether the combustion temperature is over-temperature, and the like by comparing the temperature reference value of the combustion chamber under different working conditions with the real-time temperature of the combustion chamber provided by the TDLAS combustion state monitoring module 2; combustion chamber H as provided by comparative analysis TDLAS combustion status monitoring module 22O and H stored by combustion diagnosis criterion storage module 32O concentration, information such as diagnosis of combustion chamber ignition success and ignition failure; if the difference between the information such as the amplitude and the frequency of the pressure pulsation of the combustion chamber provided by the TDLAS combustion state monitoring module 2 and the combustion pressure pulsation reference information stored by the storage module 3 is compared and analyzed, the combustion state information such as stable combustion, unstable combustion early warning and unstable combustion of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine is diagnosed; and sends the diagnosis result to the gas turbine control system.
Examples
As shown in figure 2, when a combustion chamber of the gas turbine works, an initial state access module 1 is connected with an existing measuring system of the gas turbine, directly obtains the exhaust temperature and the exhaust pressure of a compressor and the air humidity in an air inlet channel and takes the exhaust temperature and the exhaust pressure as the initial temperature and the initial pressure of the combustion chamber and the initial H of the combustion chamber2The O concentration and provides it to the combustion state diagnostic module 4. The TDLAS combustion state parameter monitoring module 2 is provided with 2 pieces of data which can be processed by H2The O-absorbed narrow-band laser is coupled into a beam of parallel light, and the beam of parallel light is received by a TDLAS combustion state monitoring module after passing through a flow field to be measured of a combustion chamber of the gas turbine; converting the real-time temperature, pressure pulsation and H of the combustion chamber into the real-time temperature, pressure pulsation and H of the combustion chamber through calculation and analysis2Combustion state parameters such as O component concentration and the like are real-time information; and provides it to the combustion state diagnostic module 4. Criteria for diagnosis of combustionThe storage module 3 is used for obtaining the normal range, the early warning value and the warning value of the combustion temperature of the outlet plane of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine under different working conditions through the engineering test of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine, historical operating data and the like, and obtaining the H of the outlet plane of the combustion chamber under different working conditions2O concentration, safe range of pressure pulsation frequency and amplitude of the combustion chamber under different working conditions, inherent acoustic frequency of combustion chamber components, early warning value of pressure pulsation amplitude and frequency, trip value and the like, and can be called by the combustion state diagnosis module 4 at any time. The combustion state diagnosis module 4 is used for collecting data and information provided by the initial state access module 1, the TDLAS combustion state parameter monitoring module 2 and the combustion diagnosis criterion storage module 3, and sending combustion state information such as normal combustion temperature, high combustion temperature, over-temperature combustion temperature and the like to the gas turbine control system by comparing and analyzing the initial temperature of the combustion chamber obtained by the initial state access module 1, the temperature of the combustion chamber provided by the TDLAS combustion state monitoring module 2 and the combustion temperature reference information stored by the combustion diagnosis criterion storage module 3; combustion chamber H provided by TDLAS combustion state monitoring module 2 through comparison and analysis2O concentration, initial state access module 1 and H stored in combustion diagnosis criterion storage module 32The size, difference and the like of the O concentration send information of successful ignition, failure ignition and the like of the combustion chamber to a gas turbine control system; the combustion state information such as combustion stability, combustion instability early warning and combustion instability can be sent to the gas turbine control system through comparing and analyzing the size, difference and the like of the pressure pulsation amplitude, the frequency and the like of the combustion chamber provided by the TDLAS combustion state monitoring module 2, the initial state access module 1 and the combustion diagnosis criterion storage module 3.
Preferably, the gas turbine combustion chamber utilizes high-temperature-resistant quartz glass to isolate high-temperature gas; the diameter of the high-temperature-resistant quartz glass is not more than 10mm, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant quartz glass is not less than 10mm, the high-temperature-resistant quartz glass is arranged near the outlet plane of the transition section of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine, the plane of the high-temperature-resistant quartz glass, which is in contact with high-temperature gas, is flush with the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber, the internal flow field structure of the combustion chamber is not influenced, and the influence on the structural strength of combustion chamber parts is small; based on the high temperature resistant quartz glass window, can carry for TDLAS combustion state monitoring module 2An optical monitoring window is provided to ensure that laser can smoothly pass through a flow field to be detected of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine under the premise that the TDLAS combustion state monitoring module 2 is not in contact with high-temperature gas in the combustion chamber of the gas turbine, so that the combustion temperature, the combustion pressure and the combustion pressure H are realized2Monitoring the state parameters of O component and the like.
Preferably, 2 pieces emitted from the TDLAS combustion state monitoring module 2 may be H-coupled2The laser absorbed by O is single-mode laser, the wavelength of the laser is between 1260nm and 1650nm, and the numerical difference of the spectral line intensity of the two lasers at 450-1800 ℃ is not large.
Preferably, the combustion diagnosis criterion storage module 3 stores the stored combustion chamber temperature reference information of the gas turbine combustion chamber, H2O concentration reference information, pressure reference information and the like, and the stored temperature reference information of the combustion chamber is the average value of the combustion temperature of the outlet plane of the transition section of the combustion chamber.
Preferably, the combustion state diagnosis module 4 may diagnose combustion state information, such as whether the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber is normal, whether the combustion temperature is too high, whether the combustion temperature is over-temperature, and the like, by comparing the temperature reference information of the combustion chamber provided by the combustion diagnosis criterion storage module 3 and the real-time temperature of the combustion chamber provided by the TDLAS combustion temperature monitoring module 2 under different working conditions through simple logic judgment; combustion chamber H as provided by comparative analysis TDLAS combustion status monitoring module 22O and H stored by combustion diagnosis criterion storage module 32The difference between the O concentration information, and states such as ignition success and ignition failure of the combustion chamber are diagnosed; if the difference between the information such as the amplitude and the frequency of the combustion chamber pressure pulsation provided by the TDLAS combustion state monitoring module 2 and the combustion pressure pulsation reference information stored by the combustion criterion storage module 3 is contrasted and analyzed, the combustion state information such as the combustion stability, the combustion instability early warning and the combustion instability of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine is diagnosed; and sends the diagnosis result to the gas turbine control system.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
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| CN104750066A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-07-01 | 北京华清燃气轮机与煤气化联合循环工程技术有限公司 | Combustion process control and optimization system for combustion gas turbine |
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| CN109916532A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-21 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Gas turbine combustion temperature monitoring system based on TDLAS technology |
| CN111795829A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-20 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A monitoring system for gas turbine combustion state parameters based on TDLAS technology |
| CN111855221A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-30 | 青岛中科国晟动力科技有限公司 | Combustion state monitoring method and system for gas turbine |
| CN112326257A (en) * | 2020-11-21 | 2021-02-05 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Combustion stability state monitoring and diagnosing system of gas turbine |
| CN113588280A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-02 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | System suitable for monitoring combustion state parameters of gas turbine |
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