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CN113938048B - Wave crest and wave trough opening control method and controller - Google Patents

Wave crest and wave trough opening control method and controller Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113938048B
CN113938048B CN202111053955.XA CN202111053955A CN113938048B CN 113938048 B CN113938048 B CN 113938048B CN 202111053955 A CN202111053955 A CN 202111053955A CN 113938048 B CN113938048 B CN 113938048B
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switching tube
comparison result
tube
main switching
result signal
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CN113938048A (en
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请求不公布姓名
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Mornsun Guangzhou Science and Technology Ltd
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Mornsun Guangzhou Science and Technology Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/117716 priority patent/WO2023036220A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/66—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/68—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/72—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/79—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/797—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a wave crest and wave trough opening control method and a controller, which are applied to a synchronous rectification circuit, wherein the synchronous rectification circuit comprises a main switching tube, a synchronous rectification tube and an energy storage inductor, and comprises the following steps: obtaining the highest switching frequency limit end time of the synchronous rectification circuit; comparing the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor at the end time to obtain a comparison result signal; according to the working state of the synchronous rectification circuit and a preset condition, selecting one of the following actions to be executed: starting timing at the turning moment of the comparison result signal, and controlling the main switching tube to be opened at the crest or trough of a connecting node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube after the first preset time is over; and starting timing at the turning moment of the comparison result signal, and controlling the synchronous rectifying tube to be opened at the crest or trough of the connecting node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube after the second preset time is over. The invention can improve the power density and efficiency of the switching converter, reduce the volume and reduce the EMI and the cost.

Description

Wave crest and wave trough opening control method and controller
Technical Field
The invention relates to a switching power supply, in particular to a wave crest and wave trough opening control method and a controller.
Background
With the development of power supply technology, a synchronous rectification circuit with high frequency, high efficiency and high power density has become a trend, a hard switching technology has larger switching loss during high frequency switching, the efficiency of the circuit is reduced, and the electromagnetic interference problem is also serious.
Taking a quasi-resonant flyback circuit as an example: the main switching tube is turned on at the trough of resonance of the primary side inductance of the transformer and the parasitic capacitance of the main switching tube, ZVS turn-on of the main switching tube can be realized, and the primary side inductance of the transformer is relatively large, so that the resonance period is long, and the control circuit has enough time to realize detection from the trough, and the main switching tube is turned on from the internal logic processing to the trough.
However, for the synchronous rectification circuits shown in fig. 1a and 1b, in which fig. 1 is a buck synchronous rectification circuit, fig. 1b is a boost synchronous rectification circuit, when the switching frequency is higher, for example, greater than 500KHz, the synchronous rectification circuit works in an intermittent mode, after the energy storage inductor L1 completes demagnetization, the energy storage inductor L1 starts to resonate with parasitic capacitances of the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2, the resonant frequency reaches about 10MHz, peak or trough detection is performed at such high resonant frequency, and the switching tube is turned on at the peak or trough, so as to realize ZVS turn-on of the switching tube, and very high requirements are set for the performance of the controller and parameter matching of the power circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the technical problems solved by the present invention are: the wave crest and wave trough opening controller and the control method are provided to ensure that when the switching power supply adopting the synchronous rectification technology works in an intermittent mode, the main switching tube and the synchronous rectification tube are just opened at the wave crest or the wave trough, thereby realizing ZVS opening, reducing EMI and improving the efficiency of the switching power supply.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
Aiming at the application scene of the synchronous rectification circuit, the technical scheme of the wave crest and wave trough opening control method provided by the invention is as follows:
The wave crest and wave trough opening control method is applied to a synchronous rectification circuit, wherein the synchronous rectification circuit comprises a main switch tube, a synchronous rectification tube and an energy storage inductor, and comprises the following steps of:
Obtaining the highest switching frequency limit end time of the synchronous rectification circuit;
Comparing the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor at the end time to obtain a comparison result signal;
Starting timing at the turning moment of the comparison result signal, and executing the following actions according to the working state of the synchronous rectification circuit:
When the working state of the synchronous rectification circuit is voltage reduction, and:
When Vin-Vth < = 2 x vo, after a first preset time is over, controlling the main switching tube to be opened at a peak of a connecting node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube;
when Vin-Vth is more than 2 x vo, after a second preset time is over, controlling the synchronous rectifying tube to be opened at the trough of a connecting node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube;
Wherein Vin is the input voltage of the synchronous rectification circuit, vo is the output voltage of the synchronous rectification circuit, and Vth is a set voltage greater than or equal to 0V.
Preferably, the highest switching frequency limit end time of the synchronous rectification circuit is obtained by a frequency limit timer.
Preferably, the voltage at two ends of the energy storage inductor is compared by a comparator, so as to obtain the comparison result signal.
Preferably, the first predetermined time is obtained by a first timer enabled by a rising edge of the comparison result signal or enabled by a falling edge of the comparison result signal.
Preferably, the second predetermined time is obtained by a second timer enabled by a rising edge of the comparison result signal or enabled by a falling edge of the comparison result signal.
Further, when the operating state of the synchronous rectification circuit is boost, and:
When 2 x vin-Vth < = Vo, after the second preset time is over, controlling the main switching tube to be opened at the trough of the connecting node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube;
when 2 x vin-Vth > Vo, after the second preset time is over, controlling the synchronous rectifying tube to be opened at the peak of the connection node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube.
Aiming at the application scene of the diode rectifying circuit, the technical scheme of the crest and trough opening control method provided by the invention is as follows:
the wave crest and wave trough opening control method is applied to a diode rectifying circuit, wherein the diode rectifying circuit comprises a main switching tube, a rectifying diode and an energy storage inductor, and the wave crest and wave trough opening control method comprises the following steps of:
obtaining the highest switching frequency limit end time of the diode rectifying circuit;
Comparing the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor at the end time to obtain a comparison result signal;
starting timing at the moment of the comparison result signal turning, and executing the following actions according to the working state of the diode rectifying circuit:
When the working state of the diode rectifying circuit is that the voltage is reduced, and:
When Vin-Vth < = 2 x vo, after a first preset time is over, controlling the main switching tube to be opened at a peak of a connecting node of the main switching tube and the rectifier diode;
Wherein Vin is the input voltage of the diode rectifying circuit, vo is the output voltage of the diode rectifying circuit, and Vth is a set voltage greater than or equal to 0V.
Preferably, the highest switching frequency limit end time of the diode rectifying circuit is obtained through a frequency limit timer; comparing the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor through a comparator to obtain a comparison result signal; the first predetermined time is obtained by a first timer enabled by a rising edge of the comparison result signal or enabled by a falling edge of the comparison result signal.
Further, when the working state of the diode rectifying circuit is boosting, and:
When 2 x vin-Vth < = Vo, after the first preset time is over, the main switching tube is turned on at the trough of the connecting node of the main switching tube and the rectifying diode.
Aiming at the application scene of the synchronous rectification circuit, the technical scheme of the wave crest and wave trough opening controller provided by the invention is as follows:
The wave crest and wave trough opening controller is applied to a synchronous rectification circuit, and the synchronous rectification circuit comprises a main switching tube, a synchronous rectification tube and an energy storage inductor, wherein the wave crest and wave trough opening controller comprises the following units:
The triggering unit is used for obtaining the highest switching frequency limit end time of the synchronous rectification circuit;
The comparison unit is used for comparing the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor at the end time to obtain a comparison result signal;
the execution unit is used for starting timing at the turnover time of the comparison result signal, and executing the following actions according to the working state of the synchronous rectification circuit:
When the working state of the synchronous rectification circuit is voltage reduction, and:
When Vin-Vth < = 2 x vo, after a first preset time is over, controlling the main switching tube to be opened at a peak of a connecting node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube;
when Vin-Vth is more than 2 x vo, after a second preset time is over, controlling the synchronous rectifying tube to be opened at the trough of a connecting node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube;
Wherein Vin is the input voltage of the synchronous rectification circuit, vo is the output voltage of the synchronous rectification circuit, and Vth is a set voltage greater than or equal to 0V.
Preferably, the triggering unit obtains the highest switching frequency limit end time of the synchronous rectification circuit through a frequency limit timer.
Preferably, the comparing unit compares the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor through a comparator to obtain the comparison result signal.
Preferably, the execution unit obtains the first predetermined time by a first timer enabled by a rising edge of the comparison result signal or enabled by a falling edge of the comparison result signal.
Preferably, the execution unit obtains the second predetermined time by a second timer enabled by a rising edge of the comparison result signal or enabled by a falling edge of the comparison result signal.
Further, when the operating state of the synchronous rectification circuit is boost, and:
when 2 x vin-Vth < = Vo, after the first preset time is over, controlling the main switching tube to be opened at the trough of the connecting node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube;
When 2 x vin-Vth > Vo, after the first preset time is over, controlling the synchronous rectifying tube to be opened at the peak of the connection node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube.
Aiming at the application scene of the diode rectifying circuit, the technical scheme of the crest and trough opening controller provided by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a wave crest and wave trough turn-on controller, is applied to diode rectifier circuit, diode rectifier circuit include main switching tube, rectifier diode and energy storage inductance, wherein, wave crest and wave trough turn-on controller, include following unit:
The triggering unit is used for obtaining the highest switching frequency limit ending time of the diode rectifying circuit;
The comparison unit is used for comparing the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor at the end time to obtain a comparison result signal;
The execution unit is used for starting timing at the moment of the comparison result signal turning, and executing the following actions according to the working state of the diode rectifying circuit:
When the working state of the diode rectifying circuit is that the voltage is reduced, and:
When Vin-Vth < = 2 x vo, after a first preset time is over, controlling the main switching tube to be opened at a peak of a connecting node of the main switching tube and the rectifier diode;
Wherein Vin is the input voltage of the diode rectifying circuit, vo is the output voltage of the diode rectifying circuit, and Vth is a set voltage greater than or equal to 0V.
Preferably, the triggering unit obtains the highest switching frequency limit end time of the diode rectifying circuit through a frequency limit timer; the comparison unit compares the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor through a comparator to obtain a comparison result signal; the execution unit obtains the first predetermined time through a first timer enabled by a rising edge of the comparison result signal or enabled by a falling edge of the comparison result signal.
Further, when the working state of the diode rectifying circuit is that the voltage is increased and:
When 2 x vin-Vth < = Vo, after the first preset time is over, the main switching tube is controlled to be opened at the trough of the connecting node of the main switching tube and the rectifying diode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The voltage Vs at one end of the energy storage inductor of the rectifying circuit is kept unchanged in each period of the resonance waveform, and the voltage at the other end of the energy storage inductor is used as the center to carry out resonance, so that the peak or trough detection is not directly carried out, the voltage at two ends of the energy storage inductor is compared at the limit end moment of the highest switching frequency of the rectifying circuit, and the switching tube in the rectifying circuit is controlled to be conducted by using a comparison result signal, thereby enabling the rectifying circuit to work in an intermittent mode, ZVS on can be realized at the peak or trough of the high-frequency resonance of the connection node of the main switching tube and the rectifying tube, the efficiency is improved, and the EMI noise is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of a prior art buck synchronous rectifier circuit;
FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of a prior art boost synchronous rectification circuit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application of the controller in a synchronous rectification circuit;
FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of a synchronous rectification circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention operating in a peak on mode;
FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of FIG. 3 partially enlarged on a time axis according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first internal circuit of a peak-to-valley turn-on controller (timers share the same comparator output enable signal);
FIG. 6 is a timing diagram of a synchronous rectification circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention operating in a valley turn-on mode;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second internal circuit of the peak-to-valley turn-on controller (the comparator outputs rising and falling edge enable signals respectively enabling the timer);
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a third internal circuit of the peak-to-valley turn-on controller of the present invention (enabling signals from the timers from the respective comparators);
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a fourth internal circuit of the peak-to-valley turn-on controller of the present invention (only to achieve peak or valley turn-on of the main switching tube);
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a fifth internal circuit of the peak-to-valley turn-on controller of the present invention (only implementing peak or valley turn-on of a synchronous rectifier);
FIG. 11 is a timing diagram of a synchronous rectification circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention operating in a valley turn-on mode;
FIG. 12 is a timing diagram of a synchronous rectification circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention operating in peak-on mode;
the above-described drawings do not limit the scope of the inventive concept but illustrate the inventive concept to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application of the crest and trough turn-on controller in a synchronous rectification circuit, where the synchronous rectification circuit includes a first voltage transmission port P1, a second voltage transmission port P2, a ground port GND switch tube Q1, a switch tube Q2, and an energy storage inductor L1;
The drain electrode of the switching tube Q1 is used for being connected with the first voltage transmission port P1, the source electrode of the switching tube Q1 is simultaneously connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube Q2 and one end of the energy storage inductor L1, the other end of the energy storage inductor L1 is used for being connected with the second voltage transmission port P2, and the source electrode of the switching tube Q2 is used for being connected with the grounding port GND;
When the synchronous rectification circuit works at step-down, the first voltage transmission port P1 is a port for receiving input voltage Vin, the second voltage transmission port P2 is a port for outputting regulated voltage Vo, the main switching tube is a switching tube Q1, and the synchronous rectification tube is a switching tube Q2;
When the synchronous rectification circuit works in boosting, the second voltage transmission port P2 is a port for receiving the input voltage Vin, the first voltage transmission port P1 is a port for outputting the regulated voltage Vo, the main switching tube is a switching tube Q2, and the synchronous rectification tube is a switching tube Q1.
The peak-trough opening controller is integrated in a control IC of the synchronous rectification circuit and at least comprises a comparator and a timer, the peak-trough opening controller compares voltages obtained by sampling two ends of the energy storage inductor L1 through the comparator at the limit end time of the highest switching frequency of the synchronous rectification circuit, the timer is enabled at the rising or falling edge time of an output signal of the comparator, and soft opening of the main switching tube or the synchronous rectification tube can be realized at the peak or trough position of one end Vs of the energy storage inductor L1 when the timer is ended at regular time.
Coss1 and Coss2 in fig. 2 are parasitic output capacitances of the switching transistor Q1 and the switching transistor Q2, respectively, and are drawn separately for convenience of description.
After the energy storage inductor L1 of the synchronous rectification circuit completes demagnetization, the energy storage inductor L1 starts resonating with a parasitic capacitor Coss1 of a switching tube Q1 and a parasitic capacitor Coss2 of a switching tube Q2, as the resonance frequency of a voltage Vs at one end of the energy storage inductor L1 is high and damping attenuation exists, wave crest or wave trough detection is difficult to realize and the switching tube is turned on at the wave crest or wave trough, the characteristic that each period of a resonance waveform of the voltage Vs at one end of the energy storage inductor L1 is kept unchanged and resonance is performed by taking the voltage at the other end of the energy storage inductor L1 as the center is utilized, wave crest or wave trough detection is not directly performed, a wave crest and wave trough opening controller compares the voltages at the two ends of the energy storage inductor L1 through a comparator at the limit end moment of the highest switching frequency of the synchronous rectification circuit, a timer is enabled at the rising or falling edge moment of an output signal of the comparator, the timing time of the timer is overlapped with the sampling of the wave crest opening controller, and all delays such as logic processing and driving are compared(N is an integer greater than or equal to zero, T is a resonance period), the timing time of the timer can be set through an external pin of the wave crest and wave trough opening controller, and the timer can also be burnt into the control IC in a digital circuit mode. When the timer is finished, the main switching tube or the synchronous rectifying tube can be switched on at the crest or trough of the resonance of the voltage Vs at one end of the energy storage inductor L1, so that the soft switching of the switching tube is realized.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First embodiment
In this embodiment, when the input voltage Vin, the output voltage Vo and the threshold voltage Vth satisfy the relation: when Vin-Vth < = 2x vo, after the energy storage inductor L1 of the synchronous rectification circuit completes demagnetization, the crest and trough opening controller opens the main switching tube Q1 at the crest of Vs resonance; when the input voltage Vin, the output voltage Vo, and the threshold voltage Vth satisfy the relation: when Vin-Vth is more than 2x vo, after the energy storage inductor L1 of the synchronous rectification circuit completes demagnetization, the crest and trough opening controller opens the synchronous rectification tube Q2 at the trough of Vs resonance; the value of the threshold voltage Vth is zero volts or more.
Fig. 3 is a timing chart of the synchronous rectification circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention operating in the peak on mode, please refer to fig. 3, wherein the Timer in fig. 3 is an output waveform of a frequency limiting Timer for limiting the highest switching frequency of the synchronous rectification circuit, and the main switching tube Q1 is turned on to limit the frequency Timer to be enabled. V gs1 is the control signal waveform of the gate of the main switching tube Q1, V gs2 is the control signal waveform of the gate of the synchronous rectifying tube Q2, i L1 is the current waveform flowing through the energy storage inductor L1, and V S is the voltage waveform of one end Vs of the energy storage inductor L1.
The voltage range of Vin is 18V-75V, taking Vin voltage as 30V, vo voltage as 12V and threshold voltage Vth as 10V as an example for explanation, which is called as working state 1, when the demagnetization of the energy storage inductor L1 at time t3 is finished, the synchronous rectifying tube Q2 is turned off, the energy storage inductor L1 and the parasitic capacitor Coss2 resonate with the output voltage Vo as the center, the lowest voltage of resonance is 0V and the highest voltage is 2 x Vo in theory, and because Vin-Vth < = 2 x Vo under the working condition, the highest voltage 2 x Vo of resonance of one end Vs of the energy storage inductor L1 is larger than Vin-Vth, and the generalized definition of soft switch is realized: when the resonant highest voltage of the end Vs of the energy storage inductor L1 reaches Vin or is lower than Vin by a smaller threshold voltage Vth (Vth is greater than or equal to 0V), the main switching tube Q1 is turned on, which can be considered that the main switching tube Q1 realizes soft-on.
Fig. 3 shows a specific operation process of the synchronous rectification circuit in an operation period T from T 0 to T 0 +t in an operation state 1, as follows:
Stage t0 to t 1: also called an excitation stage, the main switch tube Q1 is turned on at the time t0, the frequency-limiting Timer starts to time, the voltage at two ends of the energy storage inductor L1 is equal to the input voltage Vin minus the output voltage Vo, and the current i L1 of the energy storage inductor L1 is in a slope Rising.
Stage t 1-t 2: the main switching tube Q1 is turned off at the moment t1, the parasitic capacitor Coss1 of the main switching tube Q1 is charged by the current i L1 of the energy storage inductor L1, the parasitic capacitor Coss2 of the synchronous rectifying tube Q2 is discharged, the voltage at one end Vs of the energy storage inductor L1 is reduced to 0V from the input voltage Vin, and the synchronous rectifying tube Q2 is turned on at the moment t 2.
Stage t2 to t 3: also called demagnetization phase, the current i L1 of the energy storage inductance L1 is rampedThe current i L1 of the energy storage inductor L1 is reduced to zero at the time t3, the demagnetization is finished, the synchronous rectifying tube Q2 is turned off at the moment, and the demagnetization finishing time t3 is earlier than the finishing time t' of the frequency-limiting timer.
T3 to t0+T stage: also referred to as a resonance phase, in order to describe the resonance phase in more detail, fig. 4 is obtained by amplifying this phase according to a time axis, please refer to fig. 4, starting from time T3, the voltage at one end Vs of the energy storage inductor L1 starts to resonate, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first internal circuit of the wave crest and trough turn-on controller according to the present invention, please refer to fig. 5, starting from time T' of the timing end of the frequency limiting Timer, comparing the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor L1, starting from greater than Vo to less than Vo at time Vs, starting to flip the output voltage of the comparator, starting to enable the first Timer at the rising edge of the output signal of the comparator, starting to turn on the main switch Q1 at time t0+t in fig. 5, and starting the main switch Q1 at the wave crest of resonance, the Timer enable selection module in fig. 5 determines that the rising edge of the output signal of the comparator can only enable the first Timer according to formula Vin-Vth < = 2, starting from time f to time T4 can be in fig. 4May also be/>Or/>Etc.
The cycle ends and the next cycle begins, repeating the above phases.
The other conditions of the above-mentioned operating state 1 are unchanged, and only the rising of Vin to 60V is taken as an example to describe the operating state 2, and the timer enabling selection module in fig. 5 determines that the rising edge time of the output signal of the comparator can only enable the second timer according to Vin-Vth > 2x vo under the working condition, and opens the synchronous rectifier Q2 at the trough of Vs resonance, so as to realize soft opening of the synchronous rectifier Q2.
Fig. 6 is a timing chart of the synchronous rectification circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention operating in the valley turn-on mode, please refer to fig. 6, fig. 6 shows a specific operation process of the operating state 2 in one operating period T, as follows:
the working process of the working state 1 is the same as that of the working state 1 in the stages t0 to t 3.
Stage t3 to t 4: also referred to as a resonance phase, starting from time t3, the voltage at one end Vs of the energy storage inductor L1 starts to resonate, please refer to fig. 5, the voltage at two ends of the energy storage inductor L1 starts to be compared from the time t' of the Timer of the frequency limit Timer, the voltage at the time f starts to be greater than Vo and smaller than Vo, the output voltage of the comparator starts to flip in fig. 5, the second Timer is enabled at the rising edge time of the output signal of the comparator, the second Timer ends at the time t4, the synchronous rectifier Q2 is turned on at the trough of Vs resonance, so as to realize soft turn-on of the synchronous rectifier Q2, and the time from the time f to the time t4 can be in fig. 6May also beOr/>Etc.
Stage t4 to t 5: also called reverse phase, the current i L1 of the energy storage inductance L1 is in slopeFalling from zero to a negative current, the synchronous rectifier Q2 is turned off at time t 5.
T5 to t0+T stage: the output voltage Vo discharges the parasitic capacitor Coss1 of the main switching tube Q1 through the energy storage inductor L1, charges the parasitic capacitor Coss2 of the synchronous switching tube Q2, and the voltage of one end Vs of the energy storage inductor L1 is larger than Vin-Vth at the time t0+T, so that ZVS switching-on of the main switching tube Q1 is realized.
The cycle ends and the next cycle begins, repeating the above phases.
The schematic diagrams of the internal circuit of the wave crest and wave trough opening controller are not only the connection form of fig. 5, but also the connection form of fig. 7-10, the connection relation of the positive and negative input ends of the comparators can be exchanged, the rising edge enabling and the falling edge enabling of the output signals of the comparators can be exchanged, only the control logic is needed to be slightly modified, and the arrangement and combination of the connection relation and the logic relation of the schematic diagrams of the internal circuit of the wave crest and wave trough opening controller are very many, so that the connection form is not described one by one in the embodiment of the invention, and only the simple distinction description of fig. 7-10 is carried out below:
the first timer and the second timer in fig. 5 output the enable signal by using the same comparator, the first timer and the second timer in fig. 7 output the enable signal by using opposite comparators, the first timer and the second timer in fig. 8 output the enable signal by using independent comparators, and fig. 9 and fig. 10 only realize soft-opening of the peaks or valleys of the main switching tube Q1 or the synchronous rectifying tube Q2.
Second embodiment
The synchronous rectification circuit of the present embodiment operates in a boost state, the main switching transistor is a switching transistor Q2, the synchronous rectification transistor is a switching transistor Q1, and the following description will be mainly directed to the content different from the first embodiment.
In the present embodiment, when the input voltage Vin, the output voltage Vo, and the threshold voltage Vth satisfy the relation: when the energy storage inductor L1 of the synchronous rectification circuit completes demagnetization, a crest and trough opening controller opens a main switching tube Q2 at the trough of Vs resonance; when the input voltage Vin, the output voltage Vo, and the threshold voltage Vth satisfy the relation: when 2 x vin-Vth > Vo, the synchronous rectifying circuit is called as a working state 4, and after the energy storage inductor L1 of the synchronous rectifying circuit completes demagnetization, the crest and trough opening controller opens the synchronous rectifying tube Q1 at the crest of Vs resonance; the value of the threshold voltage Vth is zero volts or more.
Fig. 11 is a timing chart of a synchronous rectification circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention operating in a valley turn-on mode, referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 shows a specific operation process of the synchronous rectification circuit in a working period T from T 0 to T 0 +t when the synchronous rectification circuit is operating at a boost level and 2×vin-Vth < = Vo, as follows:
stage t0 to t 1: also called an excitation stage, the main switch tube Q2 is turned on at the moment t0, the frequency-limiting Timer starts to time, and the current i L1 of the energy storage inductor L1 is in a slope Rising.
Stage t 1-t 2: the main switching tube Q2 is turned off at the moment t1, the parasitic capacitor Coss2 of the main switching tube Q2 is charged by the current i L1 of the energy storage inductor L1, the parasitic capacitor Coss1 of the synchronous rectifying tube Q1 is discharged, the voltage at one end Vs of the energy storage inductor L1 rises from 0V to the output voltage Vo, and the synchronous rectifying tube Q1 is turned on at the moment t 2.
Stage t2 to t 3: also referred to as a demagnetization stage, the voltage across the energy storage inductor L1 is equal to the output voltage Vo minus the input voltage Vin, and the current i L1 of the energy storage inductor L1 is at a slopeThe current i L1 of the energy storage inductor L1 is reduced to zero at the time t3, the demagnetization is finished, the synchronous rectifying tube Q1 is turned off at the moment, and the demagnetization finishing time t3 is earlier than the finishing time t' of the frequency-limiting timer.
T3 to t0+T stage: in addition, the schematic diagram of the internal circuit of the peak-to-valley switching controller may be any one of fig. 5, fig. 7, fig. 8, and fig. 9, and the description will be given by taking fig. 5 as an example, referring to fig. 5, the voltage across the energy storage inductor L1 is compared from the timing end time T' of the frequency-limiting Timer, the voltage Vs starts to change from greater than Vin to less than Vin at time f, the output voltage of the comparator starts to turn over, the first Timer is enabled at the rising edge time of the output signal of the comparator, the first Timer in fig. 5 ends at time t0+t and switches on the main switching tube Q2 at the valley of Vs resonance, and the Timer enabling selection module in fig. 5 determines that the rising edge time of the output signal of the comparator can only enable the first Timer according to formula 2 x Vin-vth=vo.
The cycle ends and the next cycle begins, repeating the above phases.
Fig. 2 shows that when the synchronous rectification circuit works at a step-up state and Vin-Vth >2×vo, the timer enabling selection module in fig. 5 determines that the rising edge time of the output signal of the comparator can only enable the second timer according to the relation Vin-Vth >2×vo, and turns on the synchronous rectification tube Q2 at the peak of Vs resonance, so as to realize soft turn-on of the synchronous rectification tube Q2.
Fig. 12 is a timing chart of the synchronous rectification circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention operating in the peak on mode, please refer to fig. 12, fig. 12 shows a specific operation process of the operating state 4 in an operating period T, as follows:
the working process of the t 0-t 3 stage is the same as that of the t 0-t 3 stage of the working state 3.
Stage t3 to t 4: also referred to as a resonance phase, starting from time t3, the voltage at one end Vs of the energy storage inductor L1 starts to resonate, the schematic diagram of the internal circuit of the peak-trough turn-on controller may be any one of fig. 5, fig. 7, fig. 8 and fig. 10, and now taking fig. 5 as an example for explanation, please refer to fig. 5, the voltage at two ends of the energy storage inductor L1 is compared from the timing end time t' of the frequency-limiting Timer, the voltage of Vs starts to change from less than Vin to greater than Vin at time e, the output voltage of the comparator starts to turn-over to generate a falling edge signal, but the Timer described in fig. 5 only recognizes the rising edge, so that the Timer does not act, the voltage of Vs starts to change from greater than Vin to less than Vin at time f, the output voltage of the comparator starts to turn-over at time f of fig. 5, the second Timer is enabled at the rising edge time of the output signal of the comparator, the second Timer ends at time t4, and the synchronous flow tube Q1 is turned on at the peak of Vs resonating, so as to realize soft turn-on of the synchronous flow tube Q1.
Stage t4 to t 5: also called reverse phase, the current i L1 of the energy storage inductance L1 is in slopeThe synchronous rectifier Q1 is turned off at time t5, falling from zero to a negative current.
T5 to t0+T stage: the energy storage inductor L1 discharges the parasitic capacitor Coss2 of the main switching tube Q2, charges the parasitic capacitor Coss1 of the synchronous switching tube Q1, and the voltage of one end Vs of the energy storage inductor L1 is smaller than Vth at the time t0+T so as to realize ZVS switching-on of the main switching tube Q2.
The cycle ends and the next cycle begins, repeating the above phases.
It should be noted that the present invention is also applicable to a diode rectifying circuit, that is, the synchronous rectifying tube in fig. 2 is replaced by a diode, only the main switching tube needs to be controlled at this time, the corresponding circuit structure of the controller may be deleted, or the corresponding circuit structure may not be deleted, but the phase Guan Yinjiao may be suspended, pulled up or pulled down, etc., and the specific control process and the structure inside the controller may be deduced through the first embodiment and the second embodiment, which are not repeated herein.
The above embodiments should not be taken as limiting the invention, which is defined in the following claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several equivalent substitutions, modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the circuit can be trimmed by simple series-parallel connection of devices, etc. depending on the application, such modifications and adaptations should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.

Claims (18)

1. The wave crest and wave trough opening control method is applied to a synchronous rectification circuit, and the synchronous rectification circuit comprises a main switching tube, a synchronous rectification tube and an energy storage inductor, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Obtaining the highest switching frequency limit end time of the synchronous rectification circuit;
Comparing the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor at the end time to obtain a comparison result signal;
Starting timing at the turning moment of the comparison result signal, and executing the following actions according to the working state of the synchronous rectification circuit:
When the working state of the synchronous rectification circuit is voltage reduction, and:
When Vin-Vth < = 2 x vo, after a first preset time is over, controlling the main switching tube to be opened at a peak of a connecting node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube;
when Vin-Vth is more than 2 x vo, after a second preset time is over, controlling the synchronous rectifying tube to be opened at the trough of a connecting node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube;
Wherein Vin is the input voltage of the synchronous rectification circuit, vo is the output voltage of the synchronous rectification circuit, and Vth is a set voltage greater than or equal to 0V.
2. The peak-and-trough opening control method according to claim 1, wherein: the highest switching frequency limit end time of the synchronous rectification circuit is obtained through the frequency limit timer.
3. The peak-and-trough opening control method according to claim 1, wherein: and comparing the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor through a comparator to obtain the comparison result signal.
4. The peak-and-trough opening control method according to claim 1, wherein: the first predetermined time is obtained by a first timer enabled by a rising edge of the comparison result signal or enabled by a falling edge of the comparison result signal.
5. The peak-and-trough opening control method according to claim 1, wherein: the second predetermined time is obtained by a second timer enabled by a rising edge of the comparison result signal or enabled by a falling edge of the comparison result signal.
6. The peak-to-valley opening control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: when the working state of the synchronous rectification circuit is boosting, and:
when 2 x vin-Vth < = Vo, after the first preset time is over, controlling the main switching tube to be opened at the trough of the connecting node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube;
when 2 x vin-Vth > Vo, after the second preset time is over, controlling the synchronous rectifying tube to be opened at the peak of the connection node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube.
7. The wave crest and wave trough opening control method is applied to a diode rectifying circuit, wherein the diode rectifying circuit comprises a main switching tube, a rectifying diode and an energy storage inductor, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
obtaining the highest switching frequency limit end time of the diode rectifying circuit;
Comparing the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor at the end time to obtain a comparison result signal;
starting timing at the moment of the comparison result signal turning, and executing the following actions according to the working state of the diode rectifying circuit:
When the working state of the diode rectifying circuit is that the voltage is reduced, and:
When Vin-Vth < = 2 x vo, after a first preset time is over, controlling the main switching tube to be opened at a peak of a connecting node of the main switching tube and the rectifier diode;
Wherein Vin is the input voltage of the diode rectifying circuit, vo is the output voltage of the diode rectifying circuit, and Vth is a set voltage greater than or equal to 0V.
8. The peak-to-valley opening control method according to claim 7, wherein: obtaining the highest switching frequency limit end time of the diode rectifying circuit through a frequency limit timer; comparing the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor through a comparator to obtain a comparison result signal; the first predetermined time is obtained by a first timer enabled by a rising edge of the comparison result signal or enabled by a falling edge of the comparison result signal.
9. The peak-to-valley opening control method according to any one of claims 7 to 8, wherein: when the working state of the diode rectifying circuit is boosting, and:
When 2 x vin-Vth < = Vo, after the first preset time is over, the main switching tube is controlled to be opened at the trough of the connecting node of the main switching tube and the rectifying diode.
10. The wave crest and wave trough opening controller is applied to a synchronous rectification circuit, and the synchronous rectification circuit comprises a main switching tube, a synchronous rectification tube and an energy storage inductor, and is characterized by comprising the following units:
The triggering unit is used for obtaining the highest switching frequency limit end time of the synchronous rectification circuit;
The comparison unit is used for comparing the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor at the end time to obtain a comparison result signal;
the execution unit is used for starting timing at the turnover time of the comparison result signal, and executing the following actions according to the working state of the synchronous rectification circuit:
When the working state of the synchronous rectification circuit is voltage reduction, and:
When Vin-Vth < = 2 x vo, after a first preset time is over, controlling the main switching tube to be opened at a peak of a connecting node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube;
when Vin-Vth is more than 2 x vo, after a second preset time is over, controlling the synchronous rectifying tube to be opened at the trough of a connecting node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube;
Wherein Vin is the input voltage of the synchronous rectification circuit, vo is the output voltage of the synchronous rectification circuit, and Vth is a set voltage greater than or equal to 0V.
11. The peak-to-valley turn-on controller of claim 10, wherein: the triggering unit obtains the highest switching frequency limit end time of the synchronous rectification circuit through the frequency limit timer.
12. The peak-to-valley turn-on controller of claim 10, wherein: the comparison unit compares the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor through a comparator to obtain the comparison result signal.
13. The peak-to-valley turn-on controller of claim 10, wherein: the execution unit obtains the first predetermined time through a first timer enabled by a rising edge of the comparison result signal or enabled by a falling edge of the comparison result signal.
14. The peak-to-valley turn-on controller of claim 10, wherein: the execution unit obtains the second predetermined time through a second timer enabled by a rising edge of the comparison result signal or enabled by a falling edge of the comparison result signal.
15. The peak-to-valley turn-on controller according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein: when the working state of the synchronous rectification circuit is boosting, and:
when 2 x vin-Vth < = Vo, after the first preset time is over, controlling the main switching tube to be opened at the trough of the connecting node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube;
when 2 x vin-Vth > Vo, after the second preset time is over, controlling the synchronous rectifying tube to be opened at the peak of the connection node of the main switching tube and the synchronous rectifying tube.
16. The utility model provides a wave crest trough opens controller, is applied to diode rectifier circuit, diode rectifier circuit include main switching tube, rectifier diode and energy storage inductance, its characterized in that, wave crest trough open controller, include the following unit:
The triggering unit is used for obtaining the highest switching frequency limit ending time of the diode rectifying circuit;
The comparison unit is used for comparing the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor at the end time to obtain a comparison result signal;
The execution unit is used for starting timing at the moment of the comparison result signal turning, and executing the following actions according to the working state of the diode rectifying circuit:
When the working state of the diode rectifying circuit is that the voltage is reduced, and:
When Vin-Vth < = 2 x vo, after a first preset time is over, controlling the main switching tube to be opened at a peak of a connecting node of the main switching tube and the rectifier diode;
Wherein Vin is the input voltage of the diode rectifying circuit, vo is the output voltage of the diode rectifying circuit, and Vth is a set voltage greater than or equal to 0V.
17. The peak-to-valley turn-on controller of claim 16, wherein: the triggering unit obtains the highest switching frequency limit end time of the diode rectifying circuit through a frequency limit timer; the comparison unit compares the voltages at two ends of the energy storage inductor through a comparator to obtain a comparison result signal; the execution unit obtains the first predetermined time through a first timer enabled by a rising edge of the comparison result signal or enabled by a falling edge of the comparison result signal.
18. The peak-to-valley turn-on controller according to any one of claims 16 to 17, wherein: when the working state of the diode rectifying circuit is boosting, and:
When 2 x vin-Vth < = Vo, after the first preset time is over, the main switching tube is controlled to be opened at the trough of the connecting node of the main switching tube and the rectifying diode.
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