CN120036854B - A 3D-printed titanium lumbar intervertebral retractor for minimally invasive transforaminal approach - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a 3D printing titanium lumbar intervertebral retractor for minimally invasive trans-vertebral foramen access, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. The device comprises a positioning needle, wherein the outer side of the positioning needle is slidably connected with a hollow conical head, a positioning groove is formed in the inner side of the hollow conical head, a lug is fixedly connected with the outer side of the hollow conical head, and the hollow conical head is connected with an expansion assembly for expanding and limiting an inlet of an operation area. According to the invention, the locating needle is inserted into the incision by arranging the reaming piece and the retracting piece, the reaming piece is sleeved on the outer side of the handle, the locating needle is slid downwards to the outer side of the locating needle and stretches into the incision, the incision is expanded, the retracting piece is sleeved on the outer side of the reaming piece and slides downwards to stretch into the incision for further expansion, when the retracting piece stretches into the incision, the central points of the retracting pieces on two sides are aligned with the two ends of the incision, so that the retracting piece is matched with the reaming piece and the incision, the retracting piece stretches into the incision conveniently, and the difficulty of the retracting piece stretching into the incision is reduced.

Description

3D printing titanium lumbar intervertebral retractor for minimally invasive trans-vertebral foramen approach

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a 3D printing titanium lumbar intervertebral retractor for minimally invasive trans-vertebral foramen access.

Background

Lumbar fusion has evolved to treat neurological symptoms caused by degenerative lumbar diseases, current surgical techniques have open and minimally invasive variations that allow near circumferential access to the lumbar spine, expansion of surgical tools and implants has promoted an increase in lumbar fusion surgery rate to some extent over the last 20 years, with proportional increases in lumbar revision rate, surgical access expansion through retractors or dilators is needed to avoid tissue, exposing surgical scope, and thus facilitate exploration and manipulation, expansion is needed to be accomplished through more steps than is needed for current retractors, and expansion of retractors or dilators is also cumbersome due to smaller wounds in minimally invasive surgery, therefore, the present application provides a 3D printed titanium lumbar retractor for minimally invasive trans-foraminal access to meet the needs.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a 3D printing titanium lumbar intervertebral retractor for minimally invasive trans-intervertebral foramen access so as to solve the problem of complicated operation and troublesome use of the existing retractor.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

A3D prints titanium lumbar intervertebral retractor for wicresoft transvertebral foramen route, includes the locating needle, the outside sliding connection of locating needle has hollow conical head, the constant head tank has been seted up to the inboard of hollow conical head, the outside fixedly connected with lug of hollow conical head, the expansion subassembly that expands and spacing is carried out to the operation area entry in hollow conical head connection. .

Optionally, the expansion assembly includes the reaming piece of cup jointing in the lug outside, the spacing groove has been seted up to the inboard of reaming piece, lug sliding connection is in the inboard of spacing groove.

Optionally, the quantity of reaming spare sets up to two, two reaming spare is laminating form setting, two the inner wall of reaming spare articulates respectively has the connecting rod, two the connecting rod is the both ends of fixedly connected with elastic component respectively, two the connecting rod has cup jointed the spliced pole simultaneously away from the one end of reaming spare.

Optionally, the outside sliding connection of reaming piece has the retractor, the outside fixedly connected with side connection board of retractor.

Optionally, the inside sliding connection of side connecting plate has the driving medium, driving medium sliding connection is in the inside of retractor, the one end fixedly connected with plug rod piece of driving medium.

Optionally, the top fixedly connected with handle of positioning needle, the outside fixedly connected with water droplet convex bead of positioning needle, the spacing groove with water droplet convex bead looks adaptation has been seted up to the inboard of hollow conical head.

Optionally, the one end of side connecting plate articulates there is the movable rod, the outside of movable rod has cup jointed the casing, the inside rotation of casing is connected with first screw rod, first screw rod is threaded connection form setting with the movable rod.

Optionally, one end of the first screw is fixedly connected with a rotating handle.

Optionally, a first grab handle is fixedly connected with one side of the shell, and a second grab handle is fixedly connected with one end of the first grab handle.

Optionally, one side of casing rotates and is connected with the carousel, the inboard threaded connection of carousel has the second screw rod, second screw rod sliding connection is in the inside of casing, the one end fixedly connected with of second screw rod is contradicted the seat, one side fixedly connected with locating lever of contradicting the seat, locating lever sliding connection is in the inside of casing.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

in the scheme, through setting up reaming piece and retractor, when using the retractor, fix a position in inserting the incision of operation region through the locating needle, the rethread cup joints the outside at the handle with the reaming piece, the gliding is to the locating needle outside and stretch into in the incision to expand to the incision, cup joint the outside at the reaming piece through the retractor to the gliding stretches into the incision in the incision and further expands, when stretching into the incision, make the central point of the retractor of both sides align with the both ends of incision, thereby make retractor coincide with reaming piece and incision, and then be convenient for make the retractor stretch into in the incision, reduce the retractor and stretch into the incision degree of difficulty.

Through setting up first screw rod and turning handle, make the first screw rod of both sides rotate simultaneously through rotating the turning handle, thereby make the movable rod of both sides outwards shift simultaneously, and then drive the piece that pulls in both sides to expand outwards through the side connecting plate, the driving medium slides in the inside of side connecting plate this moment, after the driving medium slides to the furthest in side connecting plate inside, vertical section and the side connecting plate contact of driving medium, it is spacing to form this moment, the removal of side connecting plate can drive the driving medium and shift, and then make the connecting rod stretch, the elastic component deforms simultaneously, make the reaming piece of both sides expand outwards, realize pulling incision and internal tissue, with this only need rotate the turning handle and can accomplish the diversified pulling of cutting when pulling incision, reduce the convenience that the operation step improves the use.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the invention and to enable a person skilled in the pertinent art to make and use the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a 3D printed titanium lumbar interbody retractor for minimally invasive trans-foraminal access;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partial anatomic view of a 3D printed titanium lumbar interbody retractor for minimally invasive trans-foraminal access;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a bump;

FIG. 6 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a 3D printed titanium lumbar interbody retractor for minimally invasive trans-foraminal access;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion D of FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a schematic top perspective view of a 3D printed titanium lumbar interbody retractor for minimally invasive trans-foraminal access.

Reference numerals:

1. The positioning needle, 2, a hollow conical head, 3, a convex block, 4, a reaming part, 5, a limiting groove, 6, a retracting part, 7, a connecting rod, 8, an elastic part, 9, a side connecting plate, 10, a transmission part, 11, a rod inserting part, 12, a handle, 13, a water drop convex bead, 14, a movable rod, 15, a shell, 16, a first screw rod, 17, a rotating handle, 18, a first grab handle, 19, a second grab handle, 20, a rotating disc, 21, a second screw rod, 22, a contact seat, 23, a positioning rod, 24, a shaft post and 25, and a positioning groove.

Specific structures and devices are labeled in the drawings to enable clear implementation of embodiments of the invention, but this is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific structures, devices and environments that may be modified or adapted by those of ordinary skill in the art, based on the specific needs.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a 3D printing titanium lumbar vertebra retractor for minimally invasive trans-vertebral foraminal access, which is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. While the invention has been described herein in detail in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are preferred and can be embodied in other forms as well known to those skilled in the art, and the accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments more specifically and are not intended to limit the invention to the specific forms disclosed herein.

It should be noted that references in the specification to "one embodiment," "an example embodiment," "some embodiments," etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the relevant art to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.

Generally, the terminology may be understood, at least in part, from the use of context. For example, the term "one or more" as used herein may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or may be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense, depending at least in part on the context. In addition, the term "based on" may be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors, but may instead, depending at least in part on the context, allow for other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

It is to be understood that the meaning of "on," "above," "over" and "above" in the present invention should be read in the broadest manner so that "on" means not only "directly on" but also includes "on" something with intervening features or layers therebetween, and "on" or "above" means not only "on" or "over" but also may include the meaning of "on" or "over" it without intervening features or layers therebetween.

Furthermore, spatially relative terms such as "under," "below," "lower," "above," "upper," and the like may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. The device may be otherwise oriented and the spatially relative descriptors used herein may similarly be interpreted accordingly.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the embodiment of the invention provides a 3D printing titanium lumbar intervertebral retractor for minimally invasive intervertebral foramen access, which comprises a positioning needle 1, wherein the whole positioning needle 1 is a cylinder with a conical bottom end, the outer side of the positioning needle 1 is slidably connected with a hollow conical head 2, the hollow conical head 2 is in a hollow conical shape, one end with a larger size is communicated with one end with a smaller size, the minimum inner diameter of the hollow conical head 2 is larger than the maximum outer diameter of a handle 12, the inner side of the hollow conical head 2 is provided with a positioning groove 25, and the outer side of the hollow conical head 2 is fixedly connected with a convex block 3. The expansion assembly is connected with the hollow cone 2, the expansion assembly is including cup jointing the reaming piece 4 in the lug 3 outside, reaming piece 4 is semicircle-shaped setting, and the bottom is with the great one end looks adaptation of hollow cone 2, the quantity of reaming piece 4 sets up to two, two reaming pieces 4 are laminating form setting, two reaming pieces 4 make up into hollow cylinder of laminating each other, and can open incision and incision internal tissue outside when being connected with hollow cone 2, thereby realize the purpose of opening incision and internal tissue and pulling open, spacing groove 5 has been seted up to the inboard of reaming piece 4, spacing groove 5 is L form setting, divide into horizontal spout and vertical spout, horizontal spout is linked together with vertical spout, horizontal spout internal profile and lug 3 looks adaptation, vertical spout equals and the top is open state with the thickness of lug 3, the outside sliding connection of reaming piece 4 has the retracting piece 6, the retracting piece 6 is whole to be arc profile, and the both sides and the bottom of retracting piece 6 have the angle and the inside slope 4 laminating of opening and the incision, thereby realize opening the purpose of opening incision and internal tissue to the inside when opening the expanding piece 4, the bottom of opening the expansion piece 4 can be continuously when the expansion assembly is opened to the inside the opening of the incision 4, and the expansion assembly is used for the inside the opening of the expansion piece 4 when the expansion assembly is stretched out, the bottom can be used for the opening the inside the incision 4 when the expansion assembly is stretched out.

Through setting up reaming spare 4 and retractor 6, under initial condition, spacer pin 1, hollow cone head 2 and retractor 6 are the separation state, wherein hollow cone head 2 and lug 3 combination, when using the retractor, through inserting the incision of operation region with independent spacer pin 1 in and fix a position, the rethread cup joints reaming spare 4 in the outside of handle 12 to slide downwards in the outside of spacer pin 1, contact and make hollow cone head 2 stretch into the incision inside through hollow cone head 2 and operation incision, thereby expand the incision. It should be noted that the studs 24 on both sides are aligned with the protruding sides of the handle 12, i.e. the state shown in fig. 2, to facilitate the subsequent removal of the hollow cone 2. After the incision is expanded through the reaming piece 4, the retracting piece 6 is sleeved on the outer side of the reaming piece 4 and slides downwards to extend into the incision to further expand the incision, as the retracting pieces 6 on two sides are arranged in a half-arc shape, when sleeved on the outer side of the reaming piece 4, the corners of the retracting piece 6 are arranged in a smooth transition shape towards the reaming piece 4, when extending into the incision, the center points of the retracting pieces 6 on two sides are aligned with the two ends of the incision, so that the retracting piece 6 is matched with the reaming piece 4 and the incision, the retracting piece 6 is convenient to extend into the incision, the difficulty of extending the retracting piece 6 into the incision is reduced, after the retracting piece 6 extends into the appropriate position of the incision, the retracting piece 6 can stop sliding downwards, and the initial expansion of the incision is completed at the moment.

As shown in fig. 2, the inner walls of the two reaming members 4 are respectively hinged with a connecting rod 7, the two connecting rods 7 are respectively fixedly connected with two ends of the elastic member 8, the connecting rods 7 on two sides are limited through the elasticity of the elastic member 8, so that the connecting rods 7 on two sides are kept in a contracted state, the reaming members 4 on two sides are contacted with each other, one ends of the two connecting rods 7 far away from the reaming members 4 are simultaneously sleeved with a shaft post 24, the shaft post 24 is in a hollow arrangement, and one ends of the connecting rods 7 on two sides are located at the same center point through the shaft post 24, so that the two reaming members can rotate with the center point of the shaft post 24. One ends of the connecting rods 7 on two sides are limited through the shaft posts 24, so that the connecting rods 7 on two sides are combined into connecting rods, and meanwhile, the connecting rods are contracted through the elastic piece 8, so that mutual fit between the reaming pieces 4 on two sides is realized. Meanwhile, the inner walls of the two-side reaming members 4 are provided with two groups of connecting rods (the connecting rod 7, the elastic member 8 and the shaft column 24) formed by the combination, and the other groups of connecting rods are arranged at opposite positions of the connecting rods shown in fig. 2, so that the stable lamination of the two-side reaming members 4 is realized. When the shaft posts 24 on both sides are simultaneously displaced outward, the two sets of links are simultaneously stretched, and the reamer members 4 on both sides can be further expanded outward. The outside fixedly connected with side connecting plate 9 of retractor 6, L shape spout has been seted up to the inside of side connecting plate 9, wherein the profile of the great one side spout of size and the outline looks adaptation of transmission 10 horizontal segment, the width of the less one side spout of size is greater than the width of the vertical section of transmission 10, the inside sliding connection of side connecting plate 9 has transmission 10, transmission 10 is L shape setting (as illustrated in fig. 8), divide into horizontal segment and vertical section, the inside that the horizontal segment stretches into retractor 6 is connected with inserted bar piece 11, vertical section installs in the inside of side connecting plate 9, and when inserted bar piece 11 and jack post 24 are pegged graft and are joined in marriage, if rotate rotating handle 17 this moment, make first screw 16 rotate so that movable rod 14 slides to one side along first screw 16 under the spacing of casing 15, thereby drive side connecting plate 9 and retractor 6 to one side horizontal displacement, and when spacing to vertical section, side connecting plate 9 can drive vertical section outside horizontal slip simultaneously. The driving medium 10 sliding connection is in the inside of retracting member 6, when the vertical section of driving medium 10 is driven by side connecting plate 9, driving medium 10 carries out the horizontal slip simultaneously in the inside of retracting member 6, the one end fixedly connected with inserted bar spare 11 of driving medium 10, inserted bar spare 11 includes big cylinder and little cylinder, big cylinder is connected with driving medium 10, the external diameter of big cylinder is greater than the external diameter of pedestal 24, little cylinder sets up in big cylinder bottom, the external diameter of little cylinder is less than the internal diameter of pedestal 24, and then make this little cylinder can insert the inboard of pedestal 24.

By providing the connecting rod 7 and the side connecting plate 9, when the retractor 6 is matched with the incision and extends into the incision, the center point of the inserting rod 11 is required to be aligned with the center point of the shaft column 24, so that the inserting rod 11 can be inserted into the inner side of the shaft column 24, the retractor 6 can stop sliding downwards after the inserting rod 11 is inserted into the inner side of the shaft column 24, and the retractor 6 and the reaming member 4 are assembled. Because the retractor 6 has already entered the inside of the incision at this moment, the retractor 6 is driven to displace outwards by the connecting plate 9, thus expand the incision, realize retracting incision and internal tissue, at the same time, after retracting incision and internal tissue to a certain extent, the distance between the retractors 6 on both sides can make the reamer 4 slide outwards on the inner side of the retractor 6 on both sides at this moment, and the connecting plate 9 on both sides can limit the driver 10 at this moment, thus can make the rod inserting piece 11 drive the shaft post 24 to slide outwards of the reamer 4, promote the connecting rod 7 on both sides to stretch outwards, make the reamer 4 on both sides expand outwards, thus finish the complete retraction of incision and internal tissue, in order to fully reveal the required operation scope, and fill the gap between the retractors 6 on both sides through the reamer 4 on both sides, thus avoid contacting area with incision and internal tissue less, and cause part of tissue not to receive and stretch out, shelter from the phenomenon of the operation field of view.

As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the top end of the positioning needle 1 is fixedly connected with a handle 12, and the handle 12 can enable a doctor to better pinch, so that the positioning needle 1 and the hollow conical head 2 can be conveniently detached and taken out. And the handle 12 is provided in a flat sheet form, and the reamer 4 can be positioned by aligning the two sides protruding outwards with the shaft posts 24 on the two sides. The outside fixedly connected with water droplet convex bead 13 of pjncture needle 1, water droplet convex bead 13 sets up to slick and sly water droplet form to when inserting pjncture needle 1 in the incision, water droplet convex bead 13 can not cause the influence to incision and inside tissue, and water droplet convex bead 13 top is the plane setting simultaneously, thereby when getting into the constant head tank 25 of hollow cone 2, can agree with it and reach spacing effect each other, the constant head tank 25 with water droplet convex bead 13 looks adaptation has been seted up to the inboard of hollow cone 2.

By providing the handle 12 and the water drop convex beads 13, when the reaming member 4 is sleeved on the outer side of the positioning needle 1, the shaft post 24 is aligned with the two sides of the handle 12 protruding outwards, so that the retracting member 6 is sleeved on the outer side of the reaming member 4, and the small cylinder of the inserted rod member 11 is assembled with the shaft post 24. Before the incision is retracted, the handle 12 is lifted upwards, so that the water drop convex beads 13 can enter the limiting groove of the hollow conical head 2, the reaming piece 4 is manually fixed, the handle 12 is rotated clockwise, the water drop convex beads 13 can drive the hollow conical head 2 to rotate, the protruding block 3 is initially positioned in the horizontal sliding groove of the limiting groove 5, and can gradually move towards the vertical sliding groove when moving along with the hollow conical head 2, and finally enter the vertical sliding groove. Because vertical spout top is open state, upwards carries handle 12 and can make lug 3 upwards slide along the vertical spout of spacing groove 5, because the top of vertical spout is open state, when lug 3 slides out from vertical spout, can separate with spacing groove 5, lug 3 loses spacing of spacing groove 5 this moment, after lug 3 loses spacing, hollow conical head 2 can be with the reaming piece 4 separation of both sides, takes out positioning needle 1 and hollow conical head 2 through carrying handle 12, and then the dismantlement when accomplishing positioning needle 1 and hollow conical head 2. The bottom end port of the reamer 4 is exposed by taking out the hollow cone head 2, so that the visual range is improved, and thereafter, the reamer 4 on both sides can be expanded to the outside, and the retraction range is increased.

As shown in fig. 6 and 8, one end of the side connecting plate 9 far away from the retracting member 6 is hinged with a movable rod 14, the side connecting plate 9 is L-shaped, and the movable rod 14 is hinged, so that the movable rod 14 can be turned upwards to an angle comfortable to operate according to actual conditions. The outside of movable rod 14 has cup jointed casing 15, and casing 15 is hollow structure, and just near the gliding groove of movable rod 14 has been seted up to one side of side connecting plate 9, and rectangular hole has been seted up on the surface of casing 15, can observe the position of movable rod 14 through rectangular hole to judge the distance that movable rod 14 can continue to slide in casing 15, the inside rotation of casing 15 is connected with first screw rod 16, and first screw rod 16 sets up to two, and the screw thread of two first screw rods 16 revolves to opposite. One end of the first screw rod 16 is inserted into the movable rod 14, a thread groove matched with the first screw rod 16 is formed in the movable rod 14, when the first screw rod 16 rotates, the movable rod 14 can slide to one end along the first screw rod 16 under the limit of the shell 15, the two first screw rods 16 are fixedly connected with two ends of the rotating handle 17 respectively, one side of the shell 15 is fixedly connected with the first grab handle 18, and one end of the first grab handle 18 is fixedly connected with the second grab handle 19.

The plug rod piece 11 is inserted into the inner side of the shaft column 24, the retracting piece 6 and the reaming piece 4 are assembled, the first screw rods 16 and the rotating handle 17 are arranged, so that when the reaming piece 4 and the retracting piece 6 on two sides are expanded outwards, the first screw rods 16 on two sides are simultaneously rotated through rotating the rotating handle 17, under the limit of the shell 15, the movable rods 14 on two sides are simultaneously displaced outwards along the first screw rods 16 on two sides, the movable rods 14 are displaced synchronously, the side connecting plates 9 are driven to be displaced, the retracting piece 6 on two sides is driven to slide outwards through the side connecting plates 9, the incision and internal tissues are expanded, at the moment, the side connecting plates 9 slide outside the transmission piece 10, the reaming pieces 4 on two sides are kept in a joint state under the action of the elastic pieces 8 on two sides, and after the side connecting plates 9 slide to be contacted with the vertical sections of the transmission piece 10, the movement of the side connecting plates 9 can drive the transmission piece 10 to be displaced outwards, and the shaft column 24 is driven to be outwards moved, so that the reaming pieces 4 on two sides are expanded outwards, and the incision and the internal tissues are expanded outwards. The deformation of the elastic element 8 can return the connecting rod 7 to the contracted state again after the connecting rod 7 is no longer subjected to outward force, so that the reaming elements 4 on the two sides are reset and fit. When the incision is retracted, the multidirectional retraction of the incision can be completed only by rotating the rotary handle 17, so that the operation steps are reduced, and the use convenience is improved. And because movable rod 14 can upwards overturn to can make it overturn to comfortable angle when operating to in order to operate, set up first grab handle 18 and second grab handle 19 on the casing 15, can have two kinds of modes of gripping when operating, the mode of gripping is that ring finger and little finger are located the outside of first grab handle 18 or second grab handle 19, and the other three is placed in the outside of casing 15, can change the mode of gripping through nimble selection first grab handle 18 and second grab handle 19, thereby adaptable more hand and grip custom, the travelling comfort when increasing the operation.

As shown in fig. 7, a rotary table 20 is rotatably connected to one side of the housing 15 far away from the second grab handle 19, a second screw rod 21 is provided on the rotary table 20, one end of the second screw rod 21 is in threaded connection with the interior of the housing 15, the other end of the second screw rod 21 is fixedly connected with a supporting seat 22, one side of the supporting seat 22 is fixedly connected with a positioning rod 23, the positioning rod 23 can limit the supporting seat 22, the supporting seat 22 keeps sliding to avoid rotating, and the positioning rod 23 is horizontally and slidably connected in the housing 15.

Through setting up conflict seat 22, after the operation finishes, through overturning casing 15 downwards, make movable rod 14 take the junction with connecting plate 9 as the centre rotatory ninety degrees downwards to make movable rod 14 and connecting plate 9 perpendicular, rotate carousel 20 and make second screw rod 21 drive conflict seat 22 decline, after conflict seat 22 and object contact such as the isolation pad with patient's health surface, can make movable rod 14 keep at current state and avoid casing 15 to be heavier to lead to reaming piece 4 and retractor 6 to the normal clear of one side skew influence operation.

The working flow of the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

The positioning needle 1 is inserted into the incision in the operation area to be positioned, the reaming member 4 is sleeved on the outer side of the handle 12 and slides downwards to the outer side of the positioning needle 1, the hollow conical head 2 is contacted with the operation incision and enters the incision, so that the incision is expanded, the shaft posts 24 on two sides are required to be aligned with the two sides protruding out of the handle 12, namely, in the state shown in fig. 8, the central points of the two sides of the reaming member 6 are aligned with the two ends of the operation incision through sleeving the reaming member 6 on the outer side of the reaming member 4, so that the reaming member 6 is matched with the reaming member 4 and the operation incision, the incision is expanded in the incision due to the fact that the dimension of the reaming member 4 is smaller than the dimension of the operation incision, the reaming member 4 is not completely attached to the two ends of the incision, the shape of the reaming member 6 is lowered at the moment, the contact area between the two ends of the incision and the two ends of the incision can be reduced, the contact with the incision is avoided, the central position of the incision is not required, the contact with the incision is avoided, the position of the tightening member 6 is convenient to make the reaming member 6 and the incision into the incision 6, the operation incision is simultaneously, and the incision is stretched into the operation incision 6. Can make the piece 6 that pulls out after inserting the inboard of spliced pole piece 11 and inserting the pedestal 24 stop sliding downwards, the piece 6 that pulls out is accomplished with reaming piece 4 this moment, pull out the piece 6 and the reaming piece 4 struts incision and inside tissue through the piece, thereby accomplish the preliminary expansion to the operation incision, through upwards carry handle 12, can make water droplet convex bead 13 get into hollow cone head 2's constant head tank 25, this moment through manual fixed to reaming piece 4, and rotate handle 12 clockwise, can make water droplet convex bead 13 drive hollow cone head 2 and rotate, lug 3 slides in the inboard of spacing groove 5, and stop in vertical groove department, upwards carry handle 12 this moment, because the top of vertical spout is open state, thereby can make lug 3 slide out along the vertical spout of spacing groove 5, and then make hollow cone head 2 separate with reaming piece 4 of both sides, can take out positioning needle 1 and hollow cone head 2 this moment simultaneously, and then accomplish the dismantlement simultaneously to positioning needle 1 and hollow cone head 2, thereby improve visual scope through hollow cone head 2's taking out. The first screw rods 16 on two sides are simultaneously rotated through the rotating handles 17, so that the movable rods 14 on two sides are simultaneously and outwards displaced, the side connecting plates 9 drive the retracting pieces 6 on two sides to outwards expand, at the moment, the transmission pieces 10 slide in the side connecting plates 9, the reaming pieces 4 on two sides are kept in a fitting state under the action of the elastic pieces 8 on two sides, when the transmission pieces 10 slide to the farthest distance in the side connecting plates 9, the vertical sections of the transmission pieces 10 are in contact with the side connecting plates 9, limiting is formed at the moment, the movement of the side connecting plates 9 can drive the transmission pieces 10 to displace, further the connecting rods 7 are promoted to stretch, the elastic pieces 8 deform, the reaming pieces 4 on two sides are outwards expanded, the incision and internal tissues are retracted, and convenience in use is improved in operation steps.

The invention is intended to cover any alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention. In the above description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention, and the invention will fully be understood to those skilled in the art without such details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, flows, components, circuits, and the like have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the present invention.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A 3D-printed titanium lumbar intervertebral retractor for minimally invasive transforaminal access, comprising a positioning pin with a hollow cone head slidably connected to the outside of the pin, a positioning slot defined on the inside of the hollow cone head, a bump fixedly connected to the outside of the hollow cone head, and an expansion assembly connected to expand and limit the entrance to the surgical area. The expansion assembly includes a hole expansion member sleeved on the outside of the protrusion; The number of the reaming members is set to two, and the two reaming members are arranged in a close-fitting shape. The inner walls of the two reaming members are respectively hinged with connecting rods, and the two connecting rods are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the elastic member. The ends of the two connecting rods away from the reaming members are simultaneously sleeved with shaft columns; the elasticity of the elastic member limits the connecting rods on both sides, so that the connecting rods on both sides are kept in a contracted state, so that the reaming members on both sides contact each other; The outer side of the hole expansion member is slidably connected to a retractor, and the outer side of the retractor is fixedly connected to a side connecting plate; The side connecting plate is internally slidably connected to a transmission member, the transmission member is slidably connected to the inside of the retractor, and one end of the transmission member is fixedly connected to an insertion rod member; One end of the side connecting plate is hinged with a movable rod, the outer side of the movable rod is sleeved with a shell, the interior of the shell is rotatably connected with a first screw rod, and the first screw rod is arranged in a threaded connection with the movable rod. 2. The 3D printed titanium lumbar intervertebral retractor for minimally invasive transforaminal approach according to claim 1, characterized in that a limiting groove is provided on the inner side of the hole expansion member, and the protrusion is slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting groove. 3. The 3D-printed titanium lumbar intervertebral retractor for minimally invasive transforaminal approach according to claim 1 is characterized in that the top end of the positioning needle is fixedly connected to a handle, the outer side of the positioning needle is fixedly connected to a water droplet convex bead, and the inner side of the hollow cone head is provided with a limiting groove adapted to the water droplet convex bead. 4. The 3D printed titanium lumbar intervertebral retractor for minimally invasive transforaminal approach according to claim 1, wherein one end of the first screw is fixedly connected to a rotating handle. 5. The 3D printed titanium lumbar intervertebral retractor for minimally invasive transforaminal approach according to claim 1, wherein a first handle is fixedly connected to one side of the shell, and a second handle is fixedly connected to one end of the first handle. 6. The 3D-printed titanium lumbar intervertebral retractor for minimally invasive transforaminal approach according to claim 1 is characterized in that a turntable is rotatably connected to one side of the shell, a second screw is threadedly connected to the inner side of the turntable, the second screw is slidably connected to the inside of the shell, one end of the second screw is fixedly connected to an interference seat, one side of the interference seat is fixedly connected to a positioning rod, and the positioning rod is slidably connected to the inside of the shell.