CN120047646A - Rock profile characteristic analysis system and application method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock profile feature analysis system and a method for using the same. The invention relates to the technical field of rock profile observation, uses three-dimensional point cloud data to analyze structural surfaces, and a Delaunay triangulation method is a method for triangulating structural surfaces based on spatial points. When the rock profile is triangulated by the Delaunay triangulation method, the triangle obtained is closest to an equilateral triangle. The Delaunay triangulation is a triangulation method composed of one or more triangulation rule triangulations A and triangulation rule triangulations B. The invention has the advantages of obtaining point cloud data by using three-dimensional laser scanning and three-dimensional white light scanning technology, and processing the point cloud data by using the Delaunay triangulation method, so as to more accurately describe the complex morphology of the rock structural surface. Compared with the traditional comparison method and parameter evaluation method, the method reduces the influence of subjective factors and avoids the evaluation deviation caused by different personal engineering experiences.

Description

Rock profile characteristic analysis system and application method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rock profile observation, in particular to a rock profile characteristic analysis system and a use method thereof.

Background

The rock mass structure contains a large number of non-continuous structural surfaces, and the structural surfaces are root causes for causing the non-continuity, the anisotropy and the non-uniformity of the rock mass, so that the research on the structural surface shape feature measurement problem has important significance for knowing the instability problem of the rock mass such as mine excavation, and the structural surface shape feature is one of important factors influencing the joint shearing behavior, and as the surface shape is complex and has great randomness, how to reasonably quantitatively describe the structural surface shape feature is always a difficulty and hot spot problem in the research on the joint rock mass mechanics;

the method is characterized in that a structural surface roughness coefficient JRC is proposed by a Norway scholars Barton in 1973 until the moment, the structural surface roughness evaluation method is continuously developed from qualitative to quantitative and from two dimensions to three dimensions, so that the structural surface roughness evaluation method becomes one of important research subjects in the field of rock mechanics and engineering geology, a great deal of research is developed by domestic and foreign scholars, at present, the method for evaluating the joint roughness is mainly divided into three types, namely a comparison method, a parameter evaluation method and an inverse algorithm, wherein the specific flow of evaluating the joint morphology features by the comparison method is that firstly, a surface profilometer or a 3D scanner is utilized to extract a plurality of 2D contour lines on the joint surface, and then the JRC value is evaluated by comparison with 10 standard contour lines;

In order to overcome the defects of the contrast method, students develop a great deal of research work around quantitative characterization of the joint morphology features, and put forward to utilize quantitative parameters to evaluate the joint roughness, namely a parameter evaluation method, wherein the parameter evaluation method is generally divided into two types, namely a 2D parameter evaluation method and a 3D parameter evaluation method, when the 2D parameter method evaluates the joint morphology features, a plurality of section lines are usually selected on the joint surface, then the 2D parameter is utilized to quantitatively evaluate the joint morphology features, the JRC value of the joint surface is determined by means of a function fitting relation, and the average value of the JRC values of the section lines is taken as the roughness of the joint.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a rock profile characteristic analysis system and a using method thereof.

The invention provides a rock profile feature analysis using method, which uses three-dimensional point cloud data to analyze a structural surface, wherein a Delaunay splitting mode is a splitting method of the structural surface based on space points, a triangle obtained when the Delaunay splitting mode is used for splitting a rock profile is closest to a regular triangle, the Delaunay triangulation is a splitting mode formed by combining a group of triangular rule splitting A and triangular rule splitting B, an unmanned plane is used for carrying a high-resolution camera or a laser radar on the rock body to carry out aerial photography, three-dimensional images or point cloud data of the rock body are obtained, preprocessing is carried out on the obtained data, and the method comprises the following specific operation steps of:

Firstly, performing quadrilateral subdivision on fitting plane point cloud data of adjacent four points, determining the point distance of a structural plane according to requirements, and subdividing the point cloud data into space quadrilaterals according to four points A, B, C and D;

Dividing the space quadrangle into two space triangles ABD and BCD according to triangulation B, making an external circle of the triangle BCD, taking the same circle center point and radius value as an external sphere, calculating the distance D from the circle center to a fourth point by means of a distance formula between the two points, and calculating the radius R of the external sphere by means of a triangle external circle class formula;

Step three, when the radius R is more than or equal to the distance D, the fourth point is in the externally connected sphere, the triangle at the moment is not Delaunay triangle, the 'edge changing' operation is needed, the BD edge is changed into the AC edge, and the triangulation B is changed into the triangulation A;

and fourthly, processing all the space quadrilaterals one by one, including the radius R and the distance D, and realizing Delaunay subdivision of the point cloud data.

According to the method, the three-dimensional point cloud data are acquired through a three-dimensional laser scanning method and a three-dimensional white light scanning method, point cloud data of a structural surface are processed into equidistant points on an x-y plane, the structural surface of the rock mass is scattered into micro-unit bodies, the morphological characteristics of the structural surface of the rock mass are quantitatively represented by using statistical parameters, and the common discrete subdivision modes are quadrilateral subdivision and triangle subdivision.

In the first to fourth steps, the projection plane is an X-Y plane, 45 natural joints are needed to be taken as samples for researching the influence of Delaunay triangulation, two regular triangulation and quadrangle triangulation on joint morphology feature evaluation, anisotropy, interval effect and size effect regularity, joint model samples with different morphology features are manufactured by means of a 3D scanning technology and a 3D printing technology, test results are analyzed, the influence of the subdivision mode on shear strength evaluation is researched, 32 groups of structural planes are collected, statistical analysis is performed on the structural planes, the influence of the subdivision mode on joint shear strength is analyzed, the best subdivision mode of different statistical parameters under the shear strength is recorded, subdivision is performed according to regular triangulation in a space quadrangle, regular triangulation can ensure that generated triangles have regular shapes and sizes, point cloud data of adjacent four points are subjected to quadrangle subdivision, rock mass structural planes are scattered into micro-unit rock mass, the statistical parameters are utilized to quantitatively represent the rock mass structural planes, and the different subdivision structural planes are compared with the different structural planes by adopting the statistical parameter to perform statistical analysis, and the different subdivision modes are compared with the different structural planes.

In the third step, when the radius R is smaller than the distance D, the fourth point is outside the outer sphere, and the triangle is Delaunay triangle.

In the fourth step, the calculation formulas of the radius R and the distance D are as follows:

In the above formula, (X ₁,Y₁,Z₁) and (X ₂,Y₂,Z₂) are the coordinates of the center and the fourth point, respectively, where a, b and c are the three sides of the triangle, and S is the area of the triangle.

As a further scheme of the invention, the four points in the three-dimensional space have height differences on the z axis, the projection plane A 'B' C 'D' is square, delaunay function commands are operated on MATLAB software, the relative positions of triangle circumscribed circles and fourth points are judged according to the distances between the points on the XOY plane, and meanwhile, the triangulation mode of a single discrete quadrangle is judged, so that Delaunay triangulation is realized, the equidistant XOY plane is obtained after the point cloud data are processed, and the distance D from the center of the obtained equal triangle circumscribed circle to the fourth point and the circumscribed circle radius R are obtained.

In addition, the invention also provides a rock profile characteristic analysis system which comprises a profile characteristic acquisition module, a profile characteristic analysis module, a profile characteristic recording module, a characteristic 3D printing module, a copy model shearing experiment module and an experiment data analysis recording module.

As a further proposal of the invention, the functions of the modules are as follows:

the profile characteristic acquisition module is used for acquiring and recording rock surface characteristic conditions, actively repairing recorded fuzzy characteristics and ensuring that a complete rock structural surface is acquired;

The profile characteristic analysis module is used for carrying out stress analysis on the collected rock structural surface, quantitatively analyzing and describing the surface characteristic, area, length, angle and curvature of the rock structural surface, and simultaneously analyzing and describing the anisotropy, spacing effect and size effect of the profile characteristic;

The profile characteristic recording module is used for recording and storing the data analyzed and described by the profile characteristic analysis module;

The characteristic 3D printing module is used for printing the constructed 3D rock structural surface, and the printing needs to be completely copied according to the surface shape characteristics of the rock structural surface which are originally acquired;

the replication model shearing experiment module is used for conducting shearing experiments on the replication model, recording shearing force and shearing strength data in the process of conducting the experiments, and monitoring the influence of the subdivision mode on the shearing strength;

and the experimental data analysis and recording module is used for analyzing and recording the shearing experimental data carried out on the copied rock structural surface and analyzing the influence of the splitting mode on the shearing strength.

After the characteristic 3D printing module finishes printing the rock structural surface, marking the printed rock structural surface as the structural surface, marking the structural surface in sequence, carrying out a shearing experiment on the structural surface by using the replication model shearing experiment module, monitoring and recording the shearing stress caused by the shearing experiment of the structural surface, and analyzing and processing all obtained data by using the experiment data analysis and recording module to obtain a final result.

By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. According to the invention, the point cloud data are acquired by adopting a three-dimensional laser scanning and three-dimensional white light scanning technology and processed by adopting a Delaunay subdivision mode, so that the complex form of the rock structural surface can be described more accurately, compared with a traditional comparison method and a parameter evaluation method, the influence of subjective factors is reduced, evaluation deviation caused by different personal engineering experiences is avoided, meanwhile, a more reliable structural surface characteristic evaluation method is provided for the rock mechanics and engineering geology field by using a large number of samples for research and experimental analysis, the stability and mechanical behavior of the rock mass under various engineering conditions are predicted more accurately, and powerful technical support is provided for safety design and construction of engineering such as mine excavation and tunnel construction;

2. According to the invention, the triangle obtained by using the Delaunay subdivision mode is closest to the regular triangle, so that a uniform and smooth patch grid is obtained, the situations of precision loss, algorithm error and the like caused by extreme values can be avoided, the fitting planes of adjacent four points are subjected to quadrilateral division and then subjected to triangulation twice, the problem of uncertainty of the triangulation planes can be solved, the calculated amount of a program is reduced by half, and the calculation speed is improved to a certain extent;

3. According to the invention, through accurately evaluating the characteristics of the rock structural surface, the optimization of engineering design is realized, unnecessary material use and energy consumption are reduced, meanwhile, through the deep research on the rock structural surface, the problem of rock mass instability can be predicted and prevented in advance, the occurrence rate of engineering accidents is reduced, the economic loss and environmental damage caused by the accidents are reduced, the triangle can be more flexibly adapted to the complex rock structural surface shape by using a triangulation mode, because the triangle is simpler in shape and easier to fit an irregular surface, and in calculation geometry and numerical analysis, the calculation and processing of the triangle are generally simpler and more efficient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a digital structure surface subdivision scheme in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a least squares fit in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a Delaunay subdivision flow chart in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional triangulation B circumsphere in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an external sphere of three-dimensional spatial triangulation A in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an X-Y plane triangulation B circumscribed circle in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of a triangulation B spatial location in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that these embodiments are provided to aid in the understanding of the invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.

The invention relates to a rock profile feature analysis using method, which uses three-dimensional point cloud data to analyze a structural plane, wherein a Delaunay splitting mode is a splitting method of the structural plane based on space points, a triangle obtained when the Delaunay splitting mode is used for splitting a rock profile is closest to a regular triangle, delaunay triangulation is a splitting mode formed by combining a group of and more triangle rule splitting A and triangle rule splitting B, an unmanned plane is used for carrying a high-resolution camera or a laser radar on the rock body to carry out aerial photography, three-dimensional images or point cloud data of the rock body are obtained, the obtained data are preprocessed, and the method comprises the following specific operation steps of:

Firstly, performing quadrilateral subdivision on fitting plane point cloud data of adjacent four points, determining the point distance of a structural plane according to requirements, and subdividing the point cloud data into space quadrilaterals according to four points A, B, C and D;

Dividing the space quadrangle into two space triangles ABD and BCD according to triangulation B, making an external circle of the triangle BCD, taking the same circle center point and radius value as an external sphere, calculating the distance D from the circle center to a fourth point by means of a distance formula between the two points, and calculating the radius R of the external sphere by means of a triangle external circle class formula;

Step three, when the radius R is more than or equal to the distance D, the fourth point is in the externally connected sphere, the triangle at the moment is not Delaunay triangle, the 'edge changing' operation is needed, the BD edge is changed into the AC edge, and the triangulation B is changed into the triangulation A;

and fourthly, processing all the space quadrilaterals one by one, including the radius R and the distance D, and realizing Delaunay subdivision of the point cloud data.

In one embodiment of the invention, three-dimensional point cloud data are acquired through three-dimensional laser scanning and three-dimensional white light scanning methods, point cloud data of a structural surface are processed into equidistant points on an X-Y plane, the structural surface of a rock mass is scattered into micro-unit bodies, and the morphological characteristics of the structural surface of the rock mass are quantitatively represented by using statistical parameters, wherein the commonly used discrete subdivision modes are quadrilateral subdivision and triangle subdivision.

In one embodiment of the invention, in the first to fourth steps, the projection plane is an X-Y plane, 45 natural joints are needed to be taken as samples for researching the influence of Delaunay triangulation, two regular triangulation and quadrangle subdivision on joint morphology feature evaluation, anisotropy, interval effect and size effect regularity, joint model samples with different morphology features are manufactured by means of a 3D scanning technology and a 3D printing technology, test results are analyzed, the influence of the subdivision mode on shear strength evaluation is researched, 32 groups of structural surfaces are collected, statistical analysis is carried out on the structural surfaces, the influence of the subdivision mode on joint shear strength is analyzed, the optimal subdivision mode of different statistical parameters under the shear strength is recorded, in a space quadrangle, the regular triangulation can ensure that the generated triangle has regular shape and size, the point cloud data of the adjacent four points are subjected to quadrangle subdivision, the rock mass structural surfaces are scattered into micro-cell bodies, the rock mass structural surfaces are quantitatively represented by the statistical parameters, and the different structural surfaces of the rock mass are compared with the different structural surfaces in the different modes.

In one embodiment of the invention, in step three, the fourth point is outside the outer sphere when the radius R < distance D, and the triangle is Delaunay triangle.

In one embodiment of the present invention, in step four, the radius R and the distance D are calculated as follows:

In the above formula, (X ₁,Y₁,X₁) and (X ₂,Y₂,Z₂) are the coordinates of the center and the fourth point, respectively, where a, b and c are the three sides of the triangle, and S is the area of the triangle.

In one embodiment of the invention, four points in a three-dimensional space have height differences on a z axis, a projection plane A 'B' C 'D' of the three-dimensional space is square, delaunay function commands are operated on MATLAB software, the relative positions of triangle circumscribed circles and fourth points are judged according to the distances between the points on the XOY plane, and meanwhile, the triangulation mode of a single discrete quadrangle is judged, so that Delaunay triangulation is realized, equidistant XOY planes are obtained after processing point cloud data, and meanwhile, the distance D from the center of the obtained equal triangle circumscribed circles to the fourth points and the radius R of the circumscribed circles are obtained.

In the first embodiment, referring to fig. 1-5, the subdivision scheme has an effect on the regularity of the anisotropy of the structural plane, the anisotropy characteristics of the same structural plane under different subdivision schemes are different, the shearing direction of the maximum value z2S is 270 ° when the structural plane a is divided into four sides, the shearing direction is 180 ° when the triangular rule is divided into two sides, the Delaunay subdivision is in a curved shape, and other subdivision schemes are approximately circular.

The invention also provides a rock profile characteristic analysis system which comprises a profile characteristic acquisition module, a profile characteristic analysis module, a profile characteristic recording module, a characteristic 3D printing module, a copy model shearing experiment module and an experiment data analysis recording module.

In one embodiment of the invention, the function of each module is as follows:

the profile characteristic acquisition module is used for acquiring and recording rock surface characteristic conditions, actively repairing recorded fuzzy characteristics and ensuring that a complete rock structural surface is acquired;

The profile characteristic analysis module is used for carrying out stress analysis on the collected rock structural surface, quantitatively analyzing and describing the surface characteristic, area, length, angle and curvature of the rock structural surface, and simultaneously analyzing and describing the anisotropy, spacing effect and size effect of the profile characteristic;

The profile characteristic recording module is used for recording and storing the data analyzed and described by the profile characteristic analysis module;

The characteristic 3D printing module is used for printing the constructed 3D rock structural surface, and the printing needs to be completely copied according to the surface shape characteristics of the rock structural surface which are originally acquired;

the replication model shearing experiment module is used for conducting shearing experiments on the replication model, recording shearing force and shearing strength data in the process of conducting the experiments, and monitoring the influence of the subdivision mode on the shearing strength;

and the experimental data analysis and recording module is used for analyzing and recording the shearing experimental data carried out on the copied rock structural surface and analyzing the influence of the splitting mode on the shearing strength.

In one embodiment of the invention, after the characteristic 3D printing module prints the rock structural surface, marking the printed rock structural surface as the structural surface, marking the structural surface in sequence, then carrying out a shearing experiment on the structural surface by using the replication model shearing experiment module, monitoring and recording the shearing stress caused by the shearing experiment of the structural surface, and then carrying out analysis processing on all obtained data by using the experiment data analysis recording module to obtain a final result.

In the second embodiment, please refer to fig. 3-7, in order to quantitatively characterize the influence of four subdivision modes on the anisotropic characteristic of the same structural plane and the differences of the anisotropic characteristic of 37 structural planes, the anisotropic parameters K _a proposed by Belem and the structural plane anisotropic coefficient DAC proposed by Song and the like are calculated, and the mean value and standard deviation of the structural plane of 37 are calculated, and the specific formulas are as follows:

Wherein P _X and P _Y respectively represent three-dimensional shape characterization parameters along the X, Y direction, the surface structural surface is isotropic when the value range is [0,1], and K _a =1, and the structural surface is anisotropic when 0<K _a is less than or equal to 1, and the degree of anisotropic characteristics is larger when K _a is smaller, the specific formula is as follows:

Wherein:

In the formula, DAC is structural surface anisotropic parameter, is the statistical parameter representing structural surface shape feature in the ith and analysis directions, SP is the average value of the statistical parameter, is the variation coefficient of the statistical parameter, n is the total number of the analysis directions, the value range of the structural surface anisotropic coefficient DAC is [0,1], when DAC=0, the structural surface shape feature is isotropic, when 0< DAC <1, the structural surface is anisotropic, and the larger DAC is, the larger the degree of structural surface anisotropy is, and the influence of the direction on the structural surface shape feature is larger.

Specifically, by adopting the three-dimensional laser scanning and the three-dimensional white light scanning technology to acquire the point cloud data and adopting the Delaunay subdivision mode to process, the complex form of the rock structural surface can be more accurately described, compared with the traditional comparison method and parameter evaluation method, the method reduces the influence of subjective factors, avoids the evaluation deviation caused by different personal engineering experiences, meanwhile, a plurality of samples are used for research and experimental analysis, a more reliable structural surface characteristic evaluation method is provided for the fields of rock mechanics and engineering geology, stability and mechanical behaviors of the rock mass under various engineering conditions can be predicted more accurately, and powerful technical support is provided for safety design and construction of projects such as mine excavation and tunnel construction.

Specifically, the triangle obtained by using the Delaunay subdivision mode is closest to the regular triangle, so that a uniform and smooth patch grid is obtained, the situations of precision loss, algorithm error and the like caused by extreme values can be avoided, the fitting planes of adjacent four points are subjected to quadrilateral division and then triangulation is carried out twice, the problem of uncertainty of triangulation planes can be solved, the calculated amount of a program is reduced by half, and the calculation speed is improved to a certain extent.

Specifically, through accurately evaluating the characteristics of the rock structural surface, optimization of engineering design is achieved, unnecessary material use and energy consumption are reduced, meanwhile, through deep research on the rock structural surface, the problem that rock mass instability is likely to occur can be predicted and prevented in advance, the occurrence rate of engineering accidents is reduced, economic losses and environmental damages caused by the accidents are reduced, the complex rock structural surface morphology can be flexibly adapted through the triangulation mode, because the triangle is simpler in shape and easier to fit an irregular surface, and in calculation geometry and numerical analysis, triangle calculation and processing are generally simpler and more efficient.

Working principle:

Firstly, analyzing a structural surface by using three-dimensional point cloud data, adopting a Delaunay subdivision mode, combining triangular rule subdivision A and B to form the three-dimensional point cloud data, firstly carrying out quadrilateral subdivision on fitting planes of adjacent four points into space quadrilaterals during operation, then carrying out subdivision B subdivision according to the triangulation, calculating the radius of an external circle and the distance from the center to a fourth point, judging whether the three-dimensional point cloud data is a Delaunay triangle according to the relation between the radius and the distance, if not, carrying out edge replacement operation, carrying out processing on all the space quadrilaterals to realize Delaunay subdivision of the point cloud data, obtaining the three-dimensional point cloud data through three-dimensional laser scanning and white light scanning, processing the three-dimensional point cloud data into equal intervals, researching the influence of different subdivision modes by taking 45 natural node joints as samples, then carrying out model shearing experiments and experimental data analysis recording modules, quantitatively representing the influence of the anisotropic characteristics of the structural grid surface by the modules, calculating relevant parameters, and adopting the Delaunay subdivision mode of the invention can obtain a near-right triangle to obtain a uniform surface patch, and finally, the problem caused by extreme value and the triangular subdivision and the problem is more easily obtained, the problem is solved, the problem caused by the extremely-shaped subdivision is more difficult, the problem is greatly, the problem is reduced, the problem is caused by the problem that the complex and the failure of the triangular subdivision is caused by the complex engineering is due to the complex and the complex engineering is due to the complex and the complex engineering, and the complex engineering is due to the complex structural engineering, and the failure is calculated and is due to the characteristics.

The front, rear, left, right, up and down are all based on fig. 1 of the drawings in the specification, the face of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on, according to the viewing angle of the person.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, the device structure and the drawings of the present invention mainly describe the principle of the present invention, in terms of the technology of the design principle, the arrangement of the power mechanism, the power supply system, the control system, etc. of the device is not completely described, and on the premise that the person skilled in the art understands the principle of the present invention, the specific details of the power mechanism, the power supply system and the control system can be clearly known, the control mode of the application file is automatically controlled by the controller, and the control circuit of the controller can be realized by simple programming of the person skilled in the art;

The standard parts used in the method can be purchased from the market, and can be customized according to the description of the specification and the drawings, the specific connection modes of the parts are conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets and welding in the prior art, the machines, the parts and the equipment are conventional models in the prior art, and the structures and the principles of the parts are all known by the skilled person through technical manuals or through conventional experimental methods.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A rock profile feature analysis using method uses three-dimensional point cloud data to analyze a structural surface, and is characterized in that a Delaunay subdivision mode is a subdivision method of the structural surface based on space points, triangles obtained when the Delaunay subdivision mode is used for segmenting a rock profile are closest to regular triangles, delaunay triangulation is a subdivision mode formed by combining a group of triangle rule subdivision A and triangle rule subdivision B and more, an unmanned plane is used for carrying a high-resolution camera or a laser radar on the rock body to carry out aerial photography, three-dimensional images or point cloud data of the rock body are obtained, the obtained data are preprocessed, denoising, registration and splicing are included, and the rock profile feature analysis using method comprises the following specific operation steps:

Firstly, performing quadrilateral subdivision on fitting plane point cloud data of adjacent four points, determining the point distance of a structural plane according to requirements, and subdividing the point cloud data into space quadrilaterals according to four points A, B, C and D;

Dividing the space quadrangle into two space triangles ABD and BCD according to triangulation B, making an external circle of the triangle BCD, taking the same circle center point and radius value as an external sphere, calculating the distance D from the circle center to a fourth point by means of a distance formula between the two points, and calculating the radius R of the external sphere by means of a triangle external circle class formula;

Step three, when the radius R is more than or equal to the distance D, the fourth point is in the externally connected sphere, the triangle at the moment is not Delaunay triangle, the 'edge changing' operation is needed, the BD edge is changed into the AC edge, and the triangulation B is changed into the triangulation A;

and fourthly, processing all the space quadrilaterals one by one, including the radius R and the distance D, and realizing Delaunay subdivision of the point cloud data.

2. The method for analyzing and using the rock profile features according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional point cloud data is acquired through a three-dimensional laser scanning method and a three-dimensional white light scanning method, the point cloud data of the structural surface is processed into equidistant points on an x-y plane, the structural surface of the rock mass is scattered into micro-unit bodies, the morphological features of the structural surface of the rock mass are quantitatively represented by using statistical parameters, and the commonly used discrete subdivision modes are quadrilateral subdivision and triangular subdivision.

3. The method for analyzing the characteristics of the rock profile according to claim 1, wherein in the first to fourth steps, the projection plane is an X-Y plane, 45 natural nodes are needed as samples to study the effects of Delaunay triangulation, two regular triangulation and quadrilateral subdivision on node morphology characteristic evaluation, anisotropy, spacing effect and size effect regularity, node model samples with different morphology characteristics are manufactured by means of a 3D scanning technology and a 3D printing technology, test results are analyzed, the influence of the subdivision mode on shear strength evaluation is studied, 32 groups of structural planes are collected, statistical analysis is performed on the structural planes, the influence of the subdivision mode on node shear strength is analyzed, the optimal subdivision mode of different statistical parameters under the shear strength is recorded, in a space quadrilateral, the regular triangulation is performed according to the regular triangulation, the generated triangle can ensure the regular shape and the size, the fitting plane cloud data of the adjacent four points are subjected to shape dispersion, the rock mass structural plane is used as a quantitative rock mass, and the characteristic of the rock mass structural plane is compared with the rock mass structural plane by using the statistical parameter of the same structural plane, and the different structural plane characteristics of the rock profile is analyzed by using the different subdivision modes.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein in the third step, when the radius R < the distance D, the fourth point is outside the outer sphere, and the triangle is Delaunay triangle.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the radius R and the distance D are calculated according to the following formula:

In the above formula, (X ₁,Y₁,Z₁) and (X ₂,Y₂,Z₂) are the coordinates of the center and the fourth point, respectively, where a, b and c are the three sides of the triangle, and S is the area of the triangle.

6. The method for analyzing and using the rock profile features as set forth in claim 1, wherein the four points in the three-dimensional space have height differences on the z-axis, the projection plane A 'B' C 'D' is square, delaunay function commands are run on MATLAB software, the relative positions of triangle circumscribed circles and fourth points are judged according to the distances between the points on the XOY plane, and simultaneously, the triangulation mode of a single discrete quadrilateral is judged, so that Delaunay triangulation is realized, the equidistant XOY plane is obtained after the point cloud data is processed, and meanwhile, the distance D from the circle center of the equal triangle circumscribed circles to the fourth points and the circumscribed circle radius R are obtained.

7. A rock profile feature analysis system suitable for the rock profile feature analysis use method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the rock profile feature analysis system comprises a profile feature acquisition module, a profile feature analysis module and a profile feature recording module.

8. The rock profile feature analysis system of claim 7, wherein the function of each module is as follows:

the profile characteristic acquisition module is used for acquiring and recording rock surface characteristic conditions, actively repairing recorded fuzzy characteristics and ensuring that a complete rock structural surface is acquired;

The profile characteristic analysis module is used for carrying out stress analysis on the collected rock structural surface, quantitatively analyzing and describing the surface characteristic, area, length, angle and curvature of the rock structural surface, and simultaneously analyzing and describing the anisotropy, spacing effect and size effect of the profile characteristic;

The profile characteristic recording module is used for recording and storing the data analyzed and described by the profile characteristic analysis module.