CN120237394B - Narrow wave beam waveguide antenna - Google Patents
Narrow wave beam waveguide antennaInfo
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- CN120237394B CN120237394B CN202510705048.0A CN202510705048A CN120237394B CN 120237394 B CN120237394 B CN 120237394B CN 202510705048 A CN202510705048 A CN 202510705048A CN 120237394 B CN120237394 B CN 120237394B
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种窄波束波导天线。本发明包括双层结构件及设置其内部的：分路器包括：第一波导传输通道、宽边波导、第二波导传输通道；宽边波导设置于第一波导传输通道末端，第二波导传输通道与宽边波导相连形成两个镜像对称布置的分支通道，各分支通道末端设置有输出端口，两个输出端口同相输出；天线结构阵，包括若干个子天线结构单元，设置有天线辐射腔体、第一缝隙槽、第二缝隙槽以及辐射开口；第一缝隙槽包括若干个第一单元缝隙槽，相对于子天线结构单元的中心线偏移布置，第二缝隙槽包括若干个第二单元缝隙槽，分布于子天线结构单元的中心线上。本发明结构简单、占用空间小、降低了生产加工成本，且具有高增益、低副瓣的性能。
The present invention relates to a narrow beam waveguide antenna. The present invention includes a double-layer structure and the following components arranged therein: a splitter including a first waveguide transmission channel, a wideside waveguide, and a second waveguide transmission channel; the wideside waveguide is arranged at the end of the first waveguide transmission channel, and the second waveguide transmission channel is connected to the wideside waveguide to form two branch channels arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner, and an output port is provided at the end of each branch channel, and the two output ports output in phase; an antenna structure array includes a plurality of sub-antenna structure units, which are provided with an antenna radiation cavity, a first slot, a second slot, and a radiation opening; the first slot includes a plurality of first unit slots, which are arranged offset relative to the center line of the sub-antenna structure unit, and the second slot includes a plurality of second unit slots, which are distributed on the center line of the sub-antenna structure unit. The present invention has a simple structure, occupies a small space, reduces production and processing costs, and has high gain and low sidelobe performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted radars, in particular to a narrow-beam waveguide antenna.
Background
In vehicle-mounted anti-collision radar systems, a narrow beam antenna is usually combined with a wide beam antenna to realize detection requirements of different distances and angles. The narrow beam antenna has higher directivity, and can concentrate radar signals in a smaller beam width, thereby improving angular resolution. By reducing the beam coverage, interference signals from other directions can be effectively avoided, and the false alarm rate is reduced, so that the anti-interference capability of the radar system is improved. The traditional narrow beam antenna is formed by adding three sub-antenna units into a three-in-one power divider or adding four sub-antenna units into a four-in-one power divider. Typically, the power divider is required to be in an unequal form to meet performance. At the same time, this also increases the design difficulty and overall size of the antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the narrow-beam waveguide antenna provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, small occupied space, low production and processing cost, high gain and low side lobe.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a narrow beam waveguide antenna, which comprises a double-layer structural member and a waveguide antenna, wherein the double-layer structural member is arranged inside the double-layer structural member:
a splitter, comprising:
A first waveguide transmission channel extending in a first direction for receiving horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves;
The broadside waveguide is arranged at the tail end of the first waveguide transmission channel and extends along the second direction and is used for converting the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave into the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave;
The second waveguide transmission channel is connected with the broadside waveguide, extends along the two sides of the first direction and then extends along the second direction to form two branch channels which are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode, and an output port is arranged at the tail end of each branch channel and outputs the two output ports in phase;
The antenna structure array is communicated with the second waveguide transmission channel and comprises a plurality of sub-antenna structure units distributed along a first direction, each sub-antenna structure unit comprises an antenna radiation cavity, a first slot groove, a second slot groove and a radiation opening which are sequentially communicated along a third direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other;
The first slot grooves comprise a plurality of first unit slot grooves, the first unit slot grooves are arranged in an offset mode relative to the central line of the sub-antenna structural unit, the first slot grooves in adjacent sub-antenna structural units are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode so that the sub-antenna structural units radiate in the same direction, the second slot grooves comprise a plurality of second unit slot grooves, and the second unit slot grooves are distributed on the central line of the sub-antenna structural unit;
The first unit slot groove of each sub-antenna structure unit can realize in-phase excitation through offset arrangement, and then the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave is transmitted to the corresponding radiation opening in a coupling mode through the second unit slot groove of each sub-antenna structure unit and radiated outwards.
In one embodiment of the present invention, choke grooves extending in the second direction are provided on both sides of the antenna structure array, for reducing the side lobe level and improving the antenna gain.
In one embodiment of the present invention, each of the first unit slit grooves is arranged at a pitch of λ/2, λ being a wavelength of electromagnetic waves.
In one embodiment of the present invention, each of the sub-antenna structural units is arranged at a distance of λ/2, so that phases of electromagnetic signals fed into adjacent sub-antenna structural units are opposite, and λ is an electromagnetic wave wavelength.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a first impedance matching structure and a second impedance matching structure are disposed between the end of the first waveguide transmission channel and the broadside waveguide.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first impedance matching structure and the second impedance matching structure are disposed opposite to each other along the third direction and each have an arc-shaped step configuration.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a third impedance matching structure is disposed on the second waveguide transmission channel at a junction with the broadside waveguide, a third waveguide transmission channel extending along the first direction is disposed between the output port and the antenna structure array, and a fourth impedance matching structure is disposed on the third waveguide transmission channel.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the third impedance matching structure and the fourth impedance matching structure are disposed opposite to each other along the third direction and each have an arc-shaped step configuration.
In one embodiment of the invention, the antenna structure array comprises three sub-antenna structure units, and each sub-antenna structure unit comprises four first slot grooves and four second slot grooves.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
According to the narrow beam waveguide antenna, the double-layer combination of the first structural member and the second structural member is adopted, the internal waveguide channel and the antenna radiating unit are integrated in a limited space, so that the high integration of the internal functional module is realized, the millimeter wave working requirement is met, the space is saved, the whole system is simple in structure, the processing, the assembly and the maintenance are easy, and the system complexity and the manufacturing process requirement are reduced.
The invention ensures the high-efficiency transmission of electromagnetic waves in the splitter and ensures the output signals to keep in phase through the waveguide splitter and the step matching of the multistage (first, second, third and fourth impedance matching structures).
Through reasonable arrangement of the structural units of each sub-antenna, the invention realizes high gain and greatly improves the concentration of emission energy and the remote detection capability. The design of the first slot excited by offset is adopted, and the mirror symmetry arrangement of the sub-antenna units is added, so that the output of each radiation unit after excitation always faces the same main direction. The choke grooves are arranged on two sides of the antenna structure array, and the level of side lobes or side lobes is further reduced by inhibiting unnecessary surface current, so that most of energy is concentrated in the main lobe, and the influence of external interference and stray signals is effectively reduced.
The invention adopts the center feed, so that beam directions under different frequencies can not deflect.
Drawings
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof that are illustrated in the appended drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a narrow beam waveguide antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a narrow beam waveguide antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal transmission channel and antenna structure array of the narrow beam waveguide antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the splitter of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of an antenna structure array of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic rear view of an antenna structure array of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an isometric schematic of an antenna structure array of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a graph of simulation results of an antenna structure array according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a diagram of simulation results of an antenna structure array according to the present invention.
Description of the specification reference numerals:
1. A first structural member;
2. a second structural member;
3. A splitter; 3-1, a first waveguide transmission channel, 3-2, a first impedance matching structure, 3-3, a second impedance matching structure, 3-4, a broadside waveguide, 3-5, a third impedance matching structure, 3-6, a second waveguide transmission channel, 3-6a, a branch channel, 3-7, a third waveguide transmission channel, 3-8, a fourth impedance matching structure;
4. A first sub-antenna structure unit; 4-1 parts of a first antenna radiation cavity, 4-2 parts of a first slot groove, 4-2a parts of a first unit slot groove, 4-3 parts of a second slot groove, 4-3a parts of a second unit slot groove, and 4-4 parts of a first radiation opening;
5. a second sub-antenna structure unit; 5-1 parts of a second antenna radiation cavity, 5-2 parts of a first slot groove II, 5-2a parts of a first unit slot groove II, 5-3 parts of a second slot groove II, 5-3a parts of a second unit slot groove II, 5-4 parts of a second radiation opening;
6. the antenna comprises a third sub-antenna structure unit, a 6-1 third antenna radiation cavity, a 6-2 first slot groove III, a 6-2a first unit slot groove III, a 6-3 second slot groove III, a 6-3a second unit slot groove III, a 6-4 third radiation opening;
7. And a choke groove.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting, so that those skilled in the art will better understand the invention and practice it.
In the present invention, if directions (up, down, left, right, front and rear) are described, they are merely for convenience of description of the technical solution of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the technical features must be in a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, "a plurality of" means one or more, and "a plurality of" means two or more, and "greater than", "less than", "exceeding", etc. are understood to not include the present number, and "above", "below", "within", etc. are understood to include the present number. In the description of the present invention, the description of "first" and "second" if any is used solely for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features and not necessarily for the purpose of indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as "providing," "mounting," "connecting," and the like should be construed broadly, and may, for example, be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be fixedly connected or may be detachably connected or may be integrally formed, or may be mechanically connected or may be electrically connected or may be capable of communicating with each other, or may be internal to two elements or may be in interaction with each other. The specific meaning of the words in the invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a narrow beam waveguide antenna of the present embodiment includes a double-layer structural member (including a first structural member 1 and a second structural member 2), and a splitter 3 and an antenna structure array disposed therein.
Referring to fig. 4, the splitter 3 includes:
A first waveguide transmission channel 3-1 extending in a first direction for receiving horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves;
The broadside waveguide 3-4 is arranged at the tail end of the first waveguide transmission channel 3-1 and extends along the second direction and is used for converting the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave into a vertically polarized electromagnetic wave;
The second waveguide transmission channel 3-6 is connected to the broadside waveguide 3-4, extends along two sides of the first direction, and then extends along the second direction, so as to form two branch channels 3-6a arranged in mirror symmetry, and an output port is arranged at the tail end of each branch channel 3-6a, and the two output ports output in phase (i.e. the phases of the two output ports at positions A and A' in fig. 5 and 6 are the same).
Referring to fig. 3, the antenna structure array is in communication with the second waveguide transmission channel 3-6, and the antenna structure array includes a plurality of sub-antenna structure units distributed along a first direction. The present embodiment takes three sub-antenna structure units as an example, and includes a first sub-antenna structure unit 4, a second sub-antenna structure unit 5, and a third sub-antenna structure unit 6.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, a first antenna radiation cavity 4-1, a first slot groove 4-2, a second slot groove 4-3 and a first radiation opening 4-4 which are sequentially communicated are arranged along the third direction of the first sub-antenna structural unit 4;
A second antenna radiation cavity 5-1, a first slot groove II 5-2, a second slot groove II 5-3 and a second radiation opening 5-4 which are sequentially communicated are arranged along the third direction of the second sub-antenna structure unit 5;
a third antenna radiation cavity 6-1, a first slot groove three 6-2, a second slot groove three 6-3 and a third radiation opening 6-4 which are communicated in sequence are arranged along the third direction of the third sub-antenna structure unit 6.
Referring to fig. 3, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.
Referring to fig. 5, the first slot first 4-2 includes a plurality of first unit slot first 4-2a, the plurality of first unit slot first 4-2a is offset with respect to the center line of the first sub-antenna structure unit 4, the second slot first 4-3 includes a plurality of second unit slot first 4-3a, and the plurality of second unit slot first 4-3a is distributed on the center line (a) of the first sub-antenna structure unit 4;
the first slot second 5-2 comprises a plurality of first unit slot second 5-2a, the plurality of first unit slot second 5-2a are arranged in an offset manner relative to the central line of the second sub-antenna structural unit 5, the second slot second 5-3 comprises a plurality of second unit slot second 5-3a, and the plurality of second unit slot second 5-3a are distributed on the central line (b) of the second sub-antenna structural unit 5;
The first slot groove three 6-2 comprises a plurality of first unit slot grooves three 6-2a, the plurality of first unit slot grooves three 6-2a are arranged in an offset manner relative to the central line of the third sub-antenna structure unit 6, the second slot groove three 6-3 comprises a plurality of second unit slot grooves three 6-3a, and the plurality of second unit slot grooves three 6-3a are distributed on the central line (c) of the third sub-antenna structure unit 6;
All corresponding first unit slit grooves 4-2a, all corresponding first unit slit grooves 5-2a and all corresponding first unit slit grooves 6-2a are offset to excite openings to be in phase, and then the vertical polarized electromagnetic waves are transmitted to corresponding radiation openings in a coupling mode through corresponding second unit slit grooves 4-3a, second unit slit grooves 5-3a and third unit slit grooves 6-3a and radiate outwards.
It should be noted that, the in-phase excitation of the openings is achieved by the offset arrangement of the unit slit grooves in the first slit groove 4-2, the second slit groove 5-2 and the third slit groove 6-2, and then the electromagnetic signals are transmitted to the first radiation opening 4-4, the second radiation opening 5-4 and the third radiation opening 6-4 in a coupling manner by the unit slit grooves in the second slit groove 4-3, the second slit groove 5-3 and the third slit groove 6-3, and then radiated.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 3, choke grooves 7 extending along the second direction are arranged on two sides of the antenna structure array, so as to reduce the side lobe level and improve the antenna gain. In particular, the two choke grooves 7 are symmetrically arranged on the second structural part 2.
Specifically, each first unit slit groove one 4-2a, each first unit slit groove two 5-2a and each first unit slit groove three 6-2a are arranged at intervals of lambda/2, lambda being the wavelength of electromagnetic waves.
Specifically, the first sub-antenna structural unit 4, the second sub-antenna structural unit 5 and the third sub-antenna structural unit 6 are arranged at intervals of λ/2, so that phases of electromagnetic signals fed by adjacent sub-antenna structural units are opposite, and λ is an electromagnetic wave wavelength.
Specifically, the adjacent first slot groove I4-2 and the first slot groove II 5-2 and the adjacent first slot groove III 6-2 are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode, so that the first sub-antenna structural unit 4, the second sub-antenna structural unit 5 and the third sub-antenna structural unit 6 radiate in the same direction.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, a first impedance matching structure 3-2 and a second impedance matching structure 3-3 are disposed between the end of the first waveguide transmission channel 3-1 and the broadside waveguide 3-4. Specifically, the first impedance matching structure 3-2 and the second impedance matching structure 3-3 are disposed opposite to each other along the third direction and each have an arc-shaped step configuration.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 6 and 7, a third impedance matching structure 3-5 is disposed on the second waveguide transmission channel 3-6 at a junction with the broadside waveguide 3-4, a third waveguide transmission channel 3-7 extending along the first direction is disposed between the output port and the antenna structure array, and a fourth impedance matching structure 3-8 is disposed on the third waveguide transmission channel 3-7. Specifically, the third impedance matching structure 3-5 and the fourth impedance matching structure 3-8 are disposed opposite to each other along the third direction and each have an arc-shaped step configuration.
Referring to FIG. 8, the return loss S11 is less than or equal to-20 dB in 76 GHz-78.9 GHz, which shows that the signal has good transmission performance in the frequency band.
Referring to fig. 9, the directional diagram of the narrow beam waveguide antenna shows that the antenna gain is 20.2dBi at 0deg, the sidelobe level of the azimuth plane and the elevation plane is equal to or greater than 19.3dB, the performance of high gain and low sidelobe is achieved, the detection distance of the vehicle-mounted radar can be increased, and the anti-interference capability of the radar system can be improved.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and all such modifications and equivalents are intended to be encompassed in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
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| CN202510705048.0A CN120237394B (en) | 2025-05-29 | 2025-05-29 | Narrow wave beam waveguide antenna |
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| CN202510705048.0A CN120237394B (en) | 2025-05-29 | 2025-05-29 | Narrow wave beam waveguide antenna |
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| CN120237394B true CN120237394B (en) | 2025-08-19 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112382853A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-02-19 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Full-shunt-feed common-caliber dual-polarized waveguide slot filter antenna array system |
| CN116111324A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-05-12 | 陕西兴际通通信有限公司 | Radar antenna and radar antenna system |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7379029B2 (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2008-05-27 | Elta Systems Ltd | Waveguide slot antenna and arrays formed thereof |
| JP2013106301A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2013-05-30 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Waveguide slot array antenna device |
| CN110504530B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-05-14 | 厦门大学 | A waveguide-terminated slotted antenna array capable of one-dimensional wide-angle beam scanning |
| KR102625585B1 (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2024-01-17 | 한국전자기술연구원 | Dual-Polarized Waveguide Slot Array Antenna with a small size |
| CN118040329A (en) * | 2024-01-18 | 2024-05-14 | 北京理工大学 | Dual-polarized resonant cavity slot antenna and design method thereof |
| CN119209035A (en) * | 2024-11-26 | 2024-12-27 | 南通泛源智汇科技有限公司 | A differentially fed waveguide slot antenna array |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112382853A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-02-19 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Full-shunt-feed common-caliber dual-polarized waveguide slot filter antenna array system |
| CN116111324A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-05-12 | 陕西兴际通通信有限公司 | Radar antenna and radar antenna system |
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