CN120238396B - Power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method and device - Google Patents
Power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method and deviceInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及电力线载波通信技术领域，公开了电力线载波信号信道估计滤波方法及装置。所述方法包括：获取电力线信道估计结果对应的功率时延谱；基于多个功率的大小，确定功率阈值；将功率阈值按照时间顺序依次与多个功率比较，确定滤波窗起始时间和滤波窗下降时间；基于滤波窗起始时间和滤波窗下降时间之间的时间差，得到滤波窗终止时间；其中，滤波窗下降时间与滤波窗终止时间之间的窗函数系数随时间变化；基于滤波窗起始时间、滤波窗下降时间及滤波窗终止时间，确定目标滤波窗函数；根据所述目标滤波窗函数对所述电力线信道估计结果进行滤波处理，获得滤波处理后的电力线信道估计结果。上述方案，能够提高信道估计准确性。
The present invention relates to the field of power line carrier communication technology, and discloses a power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method and device. The method comprises: obtaining a power delay spectrum corresponding to a power line channel estimation result; determining a power threshold based on the magnitude of multiple powers; comparing the power threshold with multiple powers in chronological order to determine a filter window start time and a filter window fall time; obtaining a filter window end time based on the time difference between the filter window start time and the filter window fall time; wherein the window function coefficient between the filter window fall time and the filter window end time varies with time; determining a target filter window function based on the filter window start time, the filter window fall time and the filter window end time; filtering the power line channel estimation result according to the target filter window function to obtain a filtered power line channel estimation result. The above scheme can improve the accuracy of channel estimation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power line carrier communication, in particular to a power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method and device.
Background
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ) is a digital modulation technique that divides a bandwidth into multiple orthogonal subcarriers, each of which is independently modulated and simultaneously transmits data. OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access ) is a multi-user version of OFDM, and a channel is divided into smaller time-frequency Resource Units (RU), so that multiple users can use the same channel resources in parallel, and the channel utilization rate is significantly improved. The design of the filter window according to the time domain impulse response of the channel is an important step in the design of the communication system, especially in multipath channels, the design of the filter window can reduce signal interference, and can also adjust the channel estimation result, so that the channel estimation result is closer to a real channel, and the channel estimation accuracy is improved.
Therefore, a power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering scheme for OFDMA is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for filtering channel estimation of a power line carrier signal, so as to solve the problem of low channel estimation accuracy.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method, applied to an OFDMA system, the method comprising:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a power time delay spectrum corresponding to a power line channel estimation result, wherein the power time delay spectrum comprises a plurality of powers which are arranged according to a time sequence, and the powers are used for respectively indicating the power line channel time domain response of corresponding users;
determining a power threshold based on the magnitude of the plurality of powers;
Comparing the power threshold value with the plurality of powers in sequence according to time sequence to determine the starting time of a filter window and the descending time of the filter window, wherein the window function coefficient between the starting time of the filter window and the descending time of the filter window is a specified window function coefficient;
Determining the time difference between the filter window descending time and the filter window ending time based on the time difference between the filter window starting time and the filter window descending time to obtain the filter window ending time, wherein the window function coefficient between the filter window descending time and the filter window ending time changes with time;
Determining a target filter window function based on the filter window start time, filter window fall time and filter window end time;
and carrying out filtering processing on the power line channel estimation result according to the target filtering window function to obtain the power line channel estimation result after the filtering processing.
In an alternative embodiment, the determining the power threshold based on the magnitudes of the plurality of powers includes:
Acquiring a power maximum value in the plurality of powers;
and determining a power threshold based on the difference between the power maximum value and a preset threshold.
In an alternative embodiment, the preset threshold is a dynamic threshold, and the method further comprises:
Acquiring power line channel input signal to noise ratio of the signal;
And adjusting a preset threshold according to the signal-to-noise ratio of the power line channel input signal, wherein the preset threshold is positively correlated with the signal-to-noise ratio of the power line channel input signal.
In an alternative embodiment, the comparing the power threshold to the plurality of powers sequentially in time sequence, determining a filter window start time and a filter window fall time, includes:
sequentially comparing the plurality of powers with the power threshold in a time sequence;
Determining a first power exceeding the power threshold as a filter window start time;
the last power exceeding the power threshold is determined as the filter window fall time.
In an alternative embodiment, the determining the time difference between the filter window down time and the filter window end time based on the time difference between the filter window start time and the filter window down time, includes:
calculating the difference between the falling time of the filter window and the starting time of the filter window;
Multiplying the difference value by a descent coefficient to obtain a descent consumption reduction value, wherein the descent coefficient is used for indicating the proportion of the time difference between the descent time of the filter window and the ending time of the filter window to the time difference between the starting time of the filter window and the descent time of the filter window;
And adding the lower consumption reduction time value and the filter window descending time to obtain the filter window ending time.
In an alternative embodiment, the determining the target filter window function based on the filter window start time, the filter window fall time, and the filter window end time includes:
If the current time is smaller than the starting time of the filter window, determining that the first window function coefficient is 0;
if the current time is between the starting time of the filter window and the descending time of the filter window, determining that the second window function coefficient is 1;
Determining a third window function coefficient as a target dynamic value if the current time is between the filter window falling time and the filter window ending time, wherein the target dynamic value is determined based on the quotient of a first time difference value and a second time difference value, the first time difference value is the difference between the current time and the filter window falling time, and the second time difference value is the difference between the filter window ending time and the filter window falling time;
if the current time is not less than the filter window termination time, determining that the fourth window function coefficient is 0;
a target filter window function is determined based on the first, second, third, and fourth window function coefficients.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises:
re-acquiring a power delay spectrum corresponding to a circuit line channel estimation result at preset time intervals, and re-determining a corresponding target filter window;
updating a channel estimation result based on the redetermined target filter window;
And carrying out phase correction on the power line channel input signal based on the updated channel estimation result.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
The power time delay spectrum comprises a plurality of powers which are arranged according to a time sequence, wherein the powers are used for respectively indicating the time domain response of the power line channel of the corresponding user;
a threshold determining module for determining a power threshold based on the magnitudes of the plurality of powers;
The first determining module is used for comparing the power threshold value with the plurality of powers in sequence according to time sequence to determine the starting time of the filter window and the descending time of the filter window, wherein the window function coefficient between the starting time of the filter window and the descending time of the filter window is an appointed window function coefficient;
the second determining module is used for determining the time difference between the filter window descending time and the filter window ending time based on the time difference between the filter window starting time and the filter window descending time to obtain the filter window ending time, wherein the window function coefficient between the filter window descending time and the filter window ending time changes with time;
the filter window determining module is used for determining a target filter window function based on the filter window starting time, the filter window descending time and the filter window ending time;
And the filtering processing module is used for carrying out filtering processing on the power line channel estimation result according to the target filtering window function to obtain the power line channel estimation result after the filtering processing.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, and the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions, thereby executing the power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method according to the first aspect or any implementation manner corresponding to the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method of the first aspect or any one of its corresponding embodiments.
In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product comprising computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method of the first aspect or any of its corresponding embodiments.
The technical scheme provided by the invention can comprise the following beneficial effects:
The power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method provided by the invention comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a power delay spectrum corresponding to a power line channel estimation result, wherein the power delay spectrum comprises a plurality of powers which are arranged according to a time sequence, and the powers are used for respectively indicating the power line channel time domain response of a corresponding user. Next, a power threshold is determined based on the magnitudes of the plurality of powers to determine which powers to reserve subsequently. And comparing the power threshold value with the plurality of powers in sequence according to time sequence, determining a filter window starting time and a filter window descending time, wherein a window function coefficient between the filter window starting time and the filter window descending time is a specified window function coefficient, and determining a time difference between the filter window descending time and a filter window ending time based on a time difference between the filter window starting time and the filter window descending time to obtain a filter window ending time so as to determine parameters of a target filter window according to reserved power. And finally, determining a target filter window function based on the filter window starting time, the filter window descending time and the filter window ending time, and performing filter processing on the power line channel estimation result according to the target filter window function to obtain the power line channel estimation result after the filter processing. The target filter window function obtained based on the scheme carries out filtering processing on the power line channel estimation result, can effectively filter noise interference while maintaining the main energy path of the channel, improves the signal to noise ratio of communication, reduces the error rate, and can timely and flexibly adjust the shape of the target filter window according to the power time delay spectrum acquired in real time so as to adapt to different channel characteristics, thereby ensuring the accuracy of channel estimation and enhancing the robustness of the system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-user power line channel time domain response in the related art;
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a multi-user power line channel time domain response in an OFDMA scenario in the related art;
FIG. 3 is a simulation diagram of a single-user power line channel time domain response in the related art;
fig. 4 is a simulation diagram of a multi-user power line channel time domain response in an OFDMA scenario in the related art;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of another power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power delay profile according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a target filter window according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a channel estimation optimization result according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a block diagram of a power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
A High-speed Power line carrier technology (High-speed Power LINE CARRIER, HPLC), also known as a broadband Power line carrier technology, is an OFDM-based technology, and uses a Power line as a communication medium for data transmission. OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ) is a digital modulation technique that divides a bandwidth into multiple orthogonal subcarriers, each of which is independently modulated and simultaneously transmits data. OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access ) is a multi-user version of OFDM, and the channel is divided into smaller time-frequency Resource Units (RU), so that multiple users can use the same channel resources in parallel, reducing header and contention overhead, and significantly improving channel utilization.
The Power line channel model in OFDMA scenarios typically shares the same Power line channel by multiple users, taking into account multipath effects, frequency selective fading, noise, etc. in a Power line carrier communication (PLC, power LINE CARRIER) environment. The time domain impulse response of the power line channel in an OFDMA scenario is as follows:
,
Wherein M is the number of users, Is the time domain response of the mth user.
Obtaining the frequency response of the power line channel by performing Fourier transform on the time impulse responseThe following are provided:
,
Will be After substitution, the frequency response is as follows:
,
Wherein, the The channel frequency response for the mth user is as follows:
,
Wherein, the Is the firstThe total number of paths for each user; Is the first Individual user numberGain of the strip path; For frequency-dependent attenuation coefficients, in general ,、、Are all constant and are used for the preparation of the high-voltage power supply,A value of between 0.5 and 1; Is the first Individual user numberThe length of the path; Is the first Individual user numberThe time delay of the path of the signal,,Is the relative dielectric constant of the wire,Is the speed of light.
Parameters in the power line channel model may be obtained by curve fitting measured data, or may be obtained from empirical values.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-user power line channel time domain response in the related art. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of multi-user power line channel time domain response in an OFDMA scenario in the related art, and because different users have different distances on the line, there is a certain time delay between channel time domain responses of different users, and the total channel response is the sum of channel responses of all users. Fig. 3 is a single-user power line channel time domain response simulation diagram in the related art, fig. 4 is a multi-user power line channel time domain response simulation diagram in an OFDMA scenario in the related art, and in fig. 3 and 4, the abscissa represents a delay time t (unit us) and the ordinate represents a channel time domain response.
The design of a filter window according to the time domain impulse response of a channel is an important step in the design of a communication system, especially in multipath channels, the design of the filter window can reduce intersymbol interference (Inter Symbol Interference, ISI) and inter-subcarrier interference (INTER CARRIER INTERFERENCE, ICI), and can also adjust the channel estimation result, so that the channel estimation result is closer to a real channel, and the channel estimation accuracy is improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method embodiment, it should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowchart of the drawings may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that although a logical order is illustrated in the flowchart, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different from that herein.
In this embodiment, a power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method is provided, and is applied to an OFDMA system, and is executed by a computer device in the OFDMA system, where the computer device may be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, etc., and fig. 5 is a flowchart of the power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, where the flowchart includes the following steps:
step S501, obtaining a power delay spectrum corresponding to the power line channel estimation result.
The power delay profile (Power Delay Profile, PDP), which is an important parameter describing the distribution of the received power of the signal in the multipath channel under different propagation delays, can intuitively reflect the multipath characteristics of the channel, including the phenomena of path loss, reflection, diffraction, etc., by plotting the relationship between the power of each multipath signal and its corresponding propagation delay.
According to the power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method and device, the power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering is carried out on the power line channel estimation result to be processed, the finally obtained target filtering window can filter the power line channel estimation result, the main energy path of the channel is reserved, noise interference is effectively filtered, the communication signal to noise ratio is improved, and the error rate is reduced. When the power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering is performed, a power time delay spectrum corresponding to a power line channel estimation result needs to be acquired first. The power delay spectrum can be obtained by calculation according to the time domain impulse response in the power line channel estimation result, the power delay spectrum comprises a plurality of powers which are arranged according to time sequence, the powers are used for respectively indicating the power line channel time domain response of corresponding users, one power corresponds to the power line channel time domain response peak value of one user, the time delay problem exists in the power line channel time domain response among the users, and the accuracy of channel estimation is affected.
Step S502, determining a power threshold based on the magnitudes of the plurality of powers.
The power threshold is used to subsequently screen the plurality of power correspondences to preserve the channel primary energy path. And determining a power threshold according to a preset rule according to the magnitude relation of a plurality of powers in the power time delay spectrum. The preset rule is set according to actual requirements, and for example, the power retention proportion can be set according to actual experience or experimental data, for example, the powers are arranged from large to small, the power of the first 60% of the power is retained, the minimum value in the retained powers is used as a power threshold value, or the average value of the powers is calculated, and half of the average value is taken as the power threshold value, namely, the power greater than half of the average value is retained.
Step S503, comparing the power threshold value with the plurality of powers sequentially in time sequence, and determining a filter window start time and a filter window fall time.
And comparing the power threshold value with the plurality of powers in sequence according to time sequence, and determining a filter window starting time and a filter window descending time according to comparison results, wherein for example, the left end point of a time interval corresponding to each power larger than the power threshold value is used as the filter window starting time, and the right end point of a time interval corresponding to each power larger than the power threshold value is used as the filter window descending time. And between the filter window starting time and the filter window descending time, the window function coefficient of the target filter window is a specified window function coefficient, namely, the specified window function coefficient is adopted to reserve the power line channel estimation result corresponding to the power between the filter window starting time and the filter window descending time. The window function coefficients are coefficients of a target filter window function corresponding to a target filter window, independent variables of the target filter window function are time, and dependent variables are time domain impulse responses and are used for indicating time domain impulse response changes in a power line channel estimation result. The specified window function coefficient is set according to actual requirements, for example, is set to 0.9, and indicates that the target filter window can reserve 90% of the time domain impulse response between the start time of the filter window and the falling time of the filter window.
Step S504, determining a time difference between the filter window down time and the filter window end time based on the time difference between the filter window start time and the filter window down time, to obtain the filter window end time.
As can be seen from fig. 4, since the time domain response of the channel in the multi-user scenario will eventually decrease gradually with time, the window function coefficient of the target filter window is set to change with time between the falling time of the filter window and the ending time of the filter window, and the window function coefficient generally has a decreasing trend, for example, the window function coefficient may decrease according to a preset slope, or decrease stepwise, or decrease rapidly and then tend to be stable, so as to be close to the boundary between the effective signal and the noise as much as possible, thereby realizing noise filtering while retaining the effective signal. It should be noted that, since the target filter window function needs to form a filter window with the coordinate system horizontal axis, the window function coefficient corresponding to the filter window termination time is 0. The ratio of the time difference between the filter window falling time and the filter window ending time to the time difference between the filter window starting time and the filter window falling time may be set in advance according to the requirement, for example, 1:3, so that the time difference between the filter window falling time and the filter window ending time is determined according to the time difference between the filter window starting time and the filter window falling time, and the filter window ending time is obtained.
In step S505, a target filter window function is determined based on the filter window start time, the filter window fall time, and the filter window end time.
At this time, the window function coefficient of the target filter window is unchanged between the filter window start time and the filter window fall time, and the window function coefficient of the target filter window is gradually reduced to 0 between the filter window fall time and the filter window end time, so that the target filter window function between the filter window start time and the filter window end time is obtained according to the window function coefficient between the filter window start time and the filter window end time.
Step S506, the power line channel estimation result is subjected to filtering processing according to the target filtering window function, and the power line channel estimation result after the filtering processing is obtained.
After the target filter window function is obtained, a part enclosed between the target filter window function and a transverse axis of a coordinate system can be obtained as a target filter window, and the power line channel estimation result is filtered to obtain the power line channel estimation result after filtering processing as an effective signal, so that the purpose of reserving a main energy path of a channel is achieved.
According to the power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method provided by the embodiment, a power delay spectrum corresponding to a power line channel estimation result is firstly obtained, wherein the power delay spectrum comprises a plurality of powers which are arranged according to a time sequence and are used for respectively indicating power line channel time domain responses of corresponding users. Next, a power threshold is determined based on the magnitudes of the plurality of powers to determine which powers to reserve subsequently. And comparing the power threshold value with the plurality of powers in sequence according to time sequence, determining a filter window starting time and a filter window descending time, wherein a window function coefficient between the filter window starting time and the filter window descending time is a specified window function coefficient, and determining a time difference between the filter window descending time and a filter window ending time based on a time difference between the filter window starting time and the filter window descending time to obtain a filter window ending time so as to determine parameters of a target filter window according to reserved power. And finally, determining a target filter window function based on the filter window starting time, the filter window descending time and the filter window ending time, and performing filter processing on the power line channel estimation result according to the target filter window function to obtain the power line channel estimation result after the filter processing. The target filter window function obtained based on the scheme carries out filtering processing on the power line channel estimation result, can effectively filter noise interference while maintaining the main energy path of the channel, improves the signal to noise ratio of communication, reduces the error rate, and can timely and flexibly adjust the shape of the target filter window according to the power time delay spectrum acquired in real time so as to adapt to different channel characteristics, thereby ensuring the accuracy of channel estimation and enhancing the robustness of the system.
In this embodiment, a power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method is provided, and is applied to an OFDMA system, and is executed by a computer device in the OFDMA system, where the computer device may be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, etc., and fig. 6 is a flowchart of the power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, where the flowchart includes the following steps:
step S601, obtaining a power time delay spectrum corresponding to a power line channel estimation result.
The power delay spectrum comprises a plurality of powers which are arranged in time sequence and are used for respectively indicating the power line channel time domain response of the corresponding user.
The essence of channel estimation is to estimate with the received synchronization symbols and the known local synchronization symbols and then compensate the subsequent data symbols with the result of the estimation. The received synchronization signal has a PPDU (Physical Protocol Data Unit, physical layer protocol data unit) signal frame structure, including a Preamble (Preamble for a synchronous receiving device), a frame control field (for carrying control information), a data payload symbol (for carrying actual data), and the like, and the accuracy of the channel estimation result directly affects the accuracy of demodulation of the frame control symbol and the data payload symbol, so it is very important to improve the accuracy of the channel estimation result. Specifically, when channel estimation is performed, firstly, an input signal of a power line channel is received in a time domain through an OFDMA receiver, after frame synchronization is completed, a positive synchronization symbol (Positive Synchronization Pattern, SYNCP) in a preamble of the received input signal is obtained, the positive synchronization symbol is converted into a frequency domain signal, and then the frequency domain signal is divided by a pre-stored local positive synchronization symbol (frequency domain), so as to obtain a power line channel estimation result, wherein the following formula is as follows:
,
Wherein, the For the power line channel estimation result,For conversion to positive synchronization symbols of the frequency domain signal,Is a pre-stored local positive synchronization symbol (frequency domain).
Next, an inverse fourier transform (IFFT, inverse Fast Fourier Transform) is performed on the column vector of the channel matrix in the power line channel estimation result, as follows:
,
Wherein, the For time (delay),Is a time domain impulse response.
Finally, the square value is obtained after the time domain impulse response is subjected to modulo operation, and the power time delay spectrum is obtainedThe following formula:
,
The power value at time t is represented, namely, the power value of the signal on the delay path corresponding to the time. The PDP curve reflects the multipath effect of the channel, i.e. the distortion of the received signal caused by the propagation of the signal through multiple paths. On the PDP curve, a plurality of peaks may occur, each peak corresponding to one main propagation path. In the related art, under a single user scene, there are a maximum peak and a plurality of small peaks, because the multipath delay is small in the single user scene, the maximum peak position is generally an effective position, that is, the maximum peak corresponds to the propagation path of the single user, that is, a narrower rectangular filter window can be set according to the maximum peak as the center, so as to realize effective filtering, while in the multi-user scene of the embodiment, the maximum peak and other multiple peaks correspond to the propagation paths of multiple users, the position of the maximum peak cannot completely represent the propagation path of multiple users, and at the moment, if the narrower rectangular filter window is set according to the maximum peak as in the related art, only a small part of user data can be reserved, so that a large amount of user data is lost, and effective filtering in the multi-user scene cannot be realized, so as to influence the accuracy of channel estimation.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power delay spectrum according to an embodiment of the present invention, in fig. 7, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents power (in dB).
Step S602, determining a power threshold based on the magnitudes of the plurality of powers.
Specifically, the step S602 includes:
step S6021, obtaining a power maximum value of the plurality of powers.
Acquiring power maxima for individual powers in a power delay spectrum。
Step S6022, determining a power threshold based on the difference between the power maximum value and the preset threshold.
The preset threshold value can be set according to actual requirements, actual experience, experimental data and the like, for example, as(In dB), then the power threshold is。
Optionally, the preset threshold is a dynamic threshold, and is dynamically adjusted according to the signal-to-noise ratio of the power line channel input signal. Specifically, the signal-to-noise ratio of the power line channel input signal is obtained first, where the signal-to-noise ratio may be obtained according to a previous power line channel estimation result, for example, a previous power line channel estimation result that is not filtered and a previous power line channel estimation result that is filtered are subtracted to obtain noise energy, and then the signal-to-noise ratio is obtained according to a ratio of the current power line channel estimation result (effective signal) that is filtered to the noise energy. And then, adjusting a preset threshold according to the signal-to-noise ratio of the power line channel input signal. The lower the signal-to-noise ratio is, the smaller the difference between the noise and the peak value (the value of the power at the peak) in the PDP curve is, so that the noise is effectively removed, and the higher the signal-to-noise ratio is, the larger the difference between the noise and the peak value in the PDP curve is, so that more effective peaks are screened as much as possible.
Further, the preset threshold value can be set in stages according to the value range of the signal to noise ratio, for example, when the signal to noise ratio is in a first value range, the preset threshold value is set to be a first stage value, when the signal to noise ratio is in a second value range, the preset threshold value is set to be a second stage value, the first value range is larger than the second value range, and the first stage value is larger than the second stage value, so that more flexible and more targeted setting is performed, the accuracy of screening power is further improved, and the accuracy of channel estimation is further improved.
Step S603, comparing the power threshold with the plurality of powers sequentially in time sequence, and determining a filter window start time and a filter window fall time.
The window function coefficients between the filter window start time and the filter window fall time are unchanged.
Specifically, the plurality of powers are sequentially compared with the power threshold in time sequence, the first power exceeding the power threshold is determined as a filter window start time, and the last power exceeding the power threshold is determined as a filter window fall time.
Step S604, determining a time difference between the filter window down time and the filter window end time based on the time difference between the filter window start time and the filter window down time to obtain the filter window end time.
Specifically, the step S604 includes:
In step S6041, a difference between the filter window falling time and the filter window start time is calculated.
And subtracting the filter window falling time from the filter window starting time to obtain a difference value between the filter window falling time and the filter window starting time.
Step S6042, multiplying the difference value by the descent coefficient to obtain the lower consumption reduction value.
The drop coefficient is used to indicate the ratio of the time difference between the filter window drop time and the filter window end time to the time difference between the filter window start time and the filter window drop time. For example, when the decreasing coefficient is k, the time difference between the filter window start time t1 and the filter window decrease time t2 (i.e., the difference between the filter window decrease time and the filter window start time) is t2-t1, the filter window end time is t3, and the time taken for the window function coefficient to decrease from the filter window decrease time until it becomes 0 is t3-t2, k= (t 3-t 2)/(t 2-t 1). Therefore, the difference t2-t1 between the falling time of the filter window and the starting time of the filter window is multiplied by the falling coefficient k to obtain the lower consumption reduction time value t3-t2.
The drop coefficient k is, for example, 1/4, i.e. the target filter window drop length (from filter window drop time to filter window end time) is 20% of the target filter window total length (from filter window start time to filter window end time).
Step S6043, adding the lower consumption reduction time value and the filter window descending time to obtain the filter window ending time.
And adding the lower consumption reduction time value t3-t2 and the filter window descending time t2 to obtain the filter window ending time t3.
Step S605 determines a target filter window function based on the filter window start time, the filter window fall time, and the filter window end time.
The independent variable of the target filter window function is time t, the dependent variable is time domain impulse response h (t) in the power line channel estimation result, and the window function coefficient is a coefficient which is obtained by dividing both sides of an equal sign of the target filter window function by h (t) and is used for indicating the change of the target filter window function along with time. Specifically, if the current time t is smaller than the filter window starting time t1, determining that the first window function coefficient is 0, i.e. the time domain impulse response before the filter window starting time t1 is not reserved; if the current time t is between the filter window starting time t1 and the filter window descending time t2, determining that the second window function coefficient is 1, namely the time domain impulse response between the filter window starting time t1 and the filter window descending time t2 is reserved, if the current time t is between the filter window descending time t2 and the filter window ending time t3, determining that the third window function coefficient is a target dynamic value, wherein the target dynamic value is determined based on the quotient of the first time difference and the second time difference, the first time difference is the difference between the current time t and the filter window descending time t2, the second time difference is the difference between the filter window ending time t3 and the filter window descending time t2, namely the first time difference is t-t2, the second time difference is t3-t2, the quotient (t-t 2)/(t 3-t 2) of the target dynamic value is 1- (t-t 2), and the channel time domain response in a multi-user scene is finally reduced along with time, and therefore the time domain impulse response is not closed to the filter window descending time, namely the filter window is not reserved when the time of the filter window is not closed to the time window, and the time domain impulse response is not smaller than the time window, namely the filter coefficient is reserved, and the time of the filter window is not closed to the time window.
Further, a target filter window function is determined based on the first, second, third, and fourth window function coefficients. Based on the first window function coefficient, the second window function coefficient, the third window function coefficient, and the fourth window function coefficient, a window function coefficient can be obtainedThe expression is as follows:
,
Then the target filter window function The method comprises the following steps:
,
step S606, the power line channel estimation result is subjected to filtering processing according to the target filtering window function, and the power line channel estimation result after the filtering processing is obtained.
And obtaining a target filter window based on the target filter window function, wherein the shape formed by the target filter window and the transverse axis of the coordinate system is rectangular trapezoid. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a target filter window according to an embodiment of the invention.
Further, the power line channel estimation result can be filtered through the target filter window, the power line channel estimation result in the right trapezoid formed by the target filter window and the transverse axis of the coordinate system is reserved, namely the time delay and energy information of multiple users in the OFDMA scene are reserved, the power line channel estimation result after the filtering processing is obtained, the effects of restraining noise and multipath interference while the main energy path of the channel is reserved are achieved, the signal to noise ratio is improved, and the communication error rate is reduced. In addition, the method can purposefully adjust the shape of the target filter window according to a plurality of powers in the power time delay spectrum corresponding to the power line channel estimation result so as to adapt to different channel characteristics, and the robustness of the system is enhanced.
Optionally, re-acquiring a power delay spectrum corresponding to the channel estimation result of the circuit line every preset period, re-determining a corresponding target filter window, updating the channel estimation result based on the re-determined target filter window, and performing phase correction on the power line channel input signal based on the updated channel estimation result. That is, the steps S601 to S604 are repeated every preset period to obtain the target filter window adjusted according to the power delay spectrum corresponding to the power line channel estimation result obtained in real time, so that timeliness is good, and further the adjusted target filter window is adopted to filter the subsequent power line channel estimation result, so that accuracy is good. The preset period may be set according to a synchronization period of the receiver.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a channel estimation optimization result flow according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9, when the power line channel estimation result needs to be optimized, an input signal of an initial power line channel is first obtained, an initial power line channel estimation result H (k) is obtained according to a positive synchronization signal in the input signal, then an inverse fourier transform IFFT is performed on the initial power line channel estimation result H (k) to obtain H (t), and then the power delay spectrum PDP (t) is obtained by performing modulo operation and then squaring, and then the target filter window function W (t) is obtained according to the power delay spectrum PDP (t). Then, the target filter window function W (t) is fourier transformed and FFT-transformed into the frequency domain, to obtain a target filter window function W (f) of the frequency domain:
,
Then the current power line channel estimation result is updated according to the target filter window function W (f) of the frequency domain, and the updated power line channel estimation result is obtained :
,
The above process is repeated, so that the real-time filtering of the power line channel estimation result is realized, the accuracy of the power line channel estimation result is improved, the subsequent phase correction and demodulation are carried out, and the communication stability and accuracy are improved.
According to the power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method provided by the embodiment, a power delay spectrum corresponding to a power line channel estimation result is firstly obtained, wherein the power delay spectrum comprises a plurality of powers which are arranged according to a time sequence and are used for respectively indicating power line channel time domain responses of corresponding users. Next, a power threshold is determined based on the magnitudes of the plurality of powers to determine which powers to reserve subsequently. And comparing the power threshold value with the plurality of powers in sequence according to time sequence, determining a filter window starting time and a filter window descending time, wherein a window function coefficient between the filter window starting time and the filter window descending time is a specified window function coefficient, and determining a time difference between the filter window descending time and a filter window ending time based on a time difference between the filter window starting time and the filter window descending time to obtain a filter window ending time so as to determine parameters of a target filter window according to reserved power. And finally, determining a target filter window function based on the filter window starting time, the filter window descending time and the filter window ending time, and performing filter processing on the power line channel estimation result according to the target filter window function to obtain the power line channel estimation result after the filter processing. The target filter window function obtained based on the scheme carries out filtering processing on the power line channel estimation result, can effectively filter noise interference while maintaining the main energy path of the channel, improves the signal to noise ratio of communication, reduces the error rate, and can timely and flexibly adjust the shape of the target filter window according to the power time delay spectrum acquired in real time so as to adapt to different channel characteristics, thereby ensuring the accuracy of channel estimation and enhancing the robustness of the system.
The present embodiment also provides a power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering device, which is used to implement the foregoing embodiments and preferred embodiments, and is not described in detail. As used below, the term "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. While the means described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.
The present embodiment provides a power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering device, which is applied to an OFDMA system, as shown in fig. 10, and includes:
the acquisition module 1001 is configured to acquire a power delay spectrum corresponding to a power line channel estimation result, where the power delay spectrum includes a plurality of powers arranged according to a time sequence, where the plurality of powers are used to respectively indicate power line channel time domain responses of corresponding users;
A threshold determining module 1002 configured to determine a power threshold based on the magnitudes of the plurality of powers;
A first determining module 1003, configured to compare the power threshold value with the plurality of powers sequentially in time sequence, and determine a filter window start time and a filter window fall time;
A second determining module 1004, configured to determine a time difference between a filter window falling time and a filter window ending time based on the time difference between the filter window starting time and the filter window falling time, so as to obtain a filter window ending time;
a filter window determining module 1005, configured to determine a target filter window function based on the filter window start time, the filter window fall time, and the filter window end time;
And a filtering module 1006, configured to perform filtering processing on the power line channel estimation result according to the target filtering window function, and obtain a power line channel estimation result after the filtering processing.
In an alternative embodiment, the threshold determination module is further configured to:
acquiring a power maximum value in the plurality of powers;
A power threshold is determined based on the difference between the power maximum and a preset threshold.
In an alternative embodiment, the preset threshold is a dynamic threshold, and the threshold determining module is further configured to:
Acquiring power line channel input signal to noise ratio of the signal;
and adjusting a preset threshold according to the signal-to-noise ratio of the power line channel input signal, wherein the preset threshold is positively correlated with the signal-to-noise ratio of the power line channel input signal.
In an alternative embodiment, the threshold determination module is further configured to:
sequentially comparing the plurality of powers with the power threshold in time order;
Determining a first power exceeding the power threshold as a filter window start time;
The last power exceeding the power threshold is determined as the filter window fall time.
In an alternative embodiment, the second determining module is further configured to:
calculating the difference between the falling time of the filter window and the starting time of the filter window;
multiplying the difference value by a descent coefficient to obtain a descent consumption reduction value, wherein the descent coefficient is used for indicating the proportion of the time difference between the descent time of the filter window and the ending time of the filter window to the time difference between the starting time of the filter window and the descent time of the filter window;
and adding the lower consumption reduction time value with the filter window descending time to obtain the filter window ending time.
In an alternative embodiment, the filter window determination module is further configured to:
If the current time is smaller than the starting time of the filter window, determining that the first window function coefficient is 0;
if the current time is between the starting time of the filter window and the descending time of the filter window, determining that the second window function coefficient is 1;
if the current time is between the filter window falling time and the filter window ending time, determining a third window function coefficient as a target dynamic value, wherein the target dynamic value is determined based on the quotient of a first time difference value and a second time difference value, the first time difference value is the difference between the current time and the filter window falling time, and the second time difference value is the difference between the filter window ending time and the filter window falling time;
if the current time is not less than the filter window termination time, determining that the fourth window function coefficient is 0;
A target filter window function is determined based on the first window function coefficient, the second window function coefficient, the third window function coefficient, and the fourth window function coefficient.
In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus further comprises an update module for:
re-acquiring a power delay spectrum corresponding to a circuit line channel estimation result at preset time intervals, and re-determining a corresponding target filter window;
updating a channel estimation result based on the redetermined target filter window;
And carrying out phase correction on the power line channel input signal based on the updated channel estimation result.
Further functional descriptions of the above respective modules and units are the same as those of the above corresponding embodiments, and are not repeated here.
The power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering apparatus in this embodiment is presented in the form of a functional unit, where the unit refers to an ASIC (Application SPECIFIC INTEGRATED Circuit) Circuit, a processor and a memory that execute one or more software or firmware programs, and/or other devices that can provide the above functions.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer device which is provided with the power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering device shown in the figure 10.
Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 11, the computer device includes one or more processors 10, a memory 20, and interfaces for connecting components, including a high-speed interface and a low-speed interface. The various components are communicatively coupled to each other using different buses and may be mounted on a common motherboard or in other manners as desired. The processor may process instructions executing within the computer device, including instructions stored in or on memory to display graphical information of the GUI on an external input/output device, such as a display device coupled to the interface. In some alternative embodiments, multiple processors and/or multiple buses may be used, if desired, along with multiple memories and multiple memories. Also, multiple computer devices may be connected, each providing a portion of the necessary operations (e.g., as a server array, a set of blade servers, or a multiprocessor system). One processor 10 is illustrated in fig. 11.
The processor 10 may be a central processor, a network processor, or a combination thereof. The processor 10 may further include a hardware chip, among others. The hardware chip may be an application specific integrated circuit, a programmable logic device, or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device, a field programmable gate array, a general-purpose array logic, or any combination thereof.
Wherein the memory 20 stores instructions executable by the at least one processor 10 to cause the at least one processor 10 to perform the methods shown in implementing the above embodiments.
The memory 20 may include a storage program area that may store an operating system, application programs required for at least one function, and a storage data area that may store data created according to the use of the computer device, etc. In addition, the memory 20 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some alternative embodiments, memory 20 may optionally include memory located remotely from processor 10, which may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The memory 20 may comprise volatile memory, such as random access memory, or nonvolatile memory, such as flash memory, hard disk or solid state disk, or the memory 20 may comprise a combination of the above types of memory.
The computer device further comprises input means 30 and output means 40. The processor 10, memory 20, input device 30, and output device 40 may be connected by a bus or other means, for example in fig. 11.
The input device 30 may receive input numeric or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the computer apparatus, such as a touch screen, a keypad, a mouse, a trackpad, a touchpad, a pointer stick, one or more mouse buttons, a trackball, a joystick, and the like. The output means 40 may include a display device, auxiliary lighting means (e.g., LEDs), tactile feedback means (e.g., vibration motors), and the like. Such display devices include, but are not limited to, liquid crystal displays, light emitting diodes, displays and plasma displays. In some alternative implementations, the display device may be a touch screen.
The embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer readable storage medium, and the method according to the embodiments of the present invention described above may be implemented in hardware, firmware, or as a computer code which may be recorded on a storage medium, or as original stored in a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine readable storage medium downloaded through a network and to be stored in a local storage medium, so that the method described herein may be stored on such software process on a storage medium using a general purpose computer, a special purpose processor, or programmable or special purpose hardware. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory, a random-access memory, a flash memory, a hard disk, a solid state disk, or the like, and further, the storage medium may further include a combination of the above types of memories. It will be appreciated that a computer, processor, microprocessor controller or programmable hardware includes a storage element that can store or receive software or computer code that, when accessed and executed by the computer, processor or hardware, implements the methods illustrated by the above embodiments.
Portions of the present invention may be implemented as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which when executed by a computer, may invoke or provide methods and/or aspects in accordance with the present invention by way of operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the existence of computer program instructions in a computer-readable medium includes, but is not limited to, source files, executable files, installation package files, and the like, and accordingly, the manner in which computer program instructions are executed by a computer includes, but is not limited to, the computer directly executing the instructions, or the computer compiling the instructions and then executing the corresponding compiled programs, or the computer reading and executing the instructions, or the computer reading and installing the instructions and then executing the corresponding installed programs. Herein, a computer-readable medium may be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium that can be accessed by a computer.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method applied to an OFDMA system, the method comprising:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a power time delay spectrum corresponding to a power line channel estimation result, wherein the power time delay spectrum comprises a plurality of powers which are arranged according to a time sequence, and the powers are used for respectively indicating the power line channel time domain response of corresponding users;
determining a power threshold based on the magnitude of the plurality of powers;
Comparing the power threshold value with the plurality of powers in sequence according to time sequence to determine the starting time of a filter window and the descending time of the filter window, wherein the window function coefficient between the starting time of the filter window and the descending time of the filter window is a specified window function coefficient;
Determining the time difference between the filter window descending time and the filter window ending time based on the time difference between the filter window starting time and the filter window descending time to obtain the filter window ending time, wherein the window function coefficient between the filter window descending time and the filter window ending time changes with time;
Determining a target filter window function based on the filter window start time, filter window fall time and filter window end time;
and carrying out filtering processing on the power line channel estimation result according to the target filtering window function to obtain the power line channel estimation result after the filtering processing.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining a power threshold based on the magnitudes of the plurality of powers comprises:
Acquiring a power maximum value in the plurality of powers;
and determining a power threshold based on the difference between the power maximum value and a preset threshold.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the predetermined threshold is a dynamic threshold, the method further comprising:
Acquiring power line channel input signal to noise ratio of the signal;
And adjusting a preset threshold according to the signal-to-noise ratio of the power line channel input signal, wherein the preset threshold is positively correlated with the signal-to-noise ratio of the power line channel input signal.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein said comparing the power threshold to the plurality of powers sequentially in time order, determining a filter window start time and a filter window fall time, comprises:
sequentially comparing the plurality of powers with the power threshold in a time sequence;
Determining a first power exceeding the power threshold as a filter window start time;
the last power exceeding the power threshold is determined as the filter window fall time.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein determining the time difference between the filter window fall time and the filter window end time based on the time difference between the filter window start time and the filter window fall time to obtain the filter window end time comprises:
calculating the difference between the falling time of the filter window and the starting time of the filter window;
Multiplying the difference value by a descent coefficient to obtain a descent consumption reduction value, wherein the descent coefficient is used for indicating the proportion of the time difference between the descent time of the filter window and the ending time of the filter window to the time difference between the starting time of the filter window and the descent time of the filter window;
And adding the lower consumption reduction time value and the filter window descending time to obtain the filter window ending time.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining a target filter window function based on the filter window start time, filter window fall time, and filter window end time comprises:
If the current time is smaller than the starting time of the filter window, determining that the first window function coefficient is 0;
if the current time is between the starting time of the filter window and the descending time of the filter window, determining that the second window function coefficient is 1;
Determining a third window function coefficient as a target dynamic value if the current time is between the filter window falling time and the filter window ending time, wherein the target dynamic value is determined based on the quotient of a first time difference value and a second time difference value, the first time difference value is the difference between the current time and the filter window falling time, and the second time difference value is the difference between the filter window ending time and the filter window falling time;
if the current time is not less than the filter window termination time, determining that the fourth window function coefficient is 0;
a target filter window function is determined based on the first, second, third, and fourth window function coefficients.
7. A power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering apparatus for use in an OFDMA system, the apparatus comprising:
The power time delay spectrum comprises a plurality of powers which are arranged according to a time sequence, wherein the powers are used for respectively indicating the time domain response of the power line channel of the corresponding user;
a threshold determining module for determining a power threshold based on the magnitudes of the plurality of powers;
The first determining module is used for comparing the power threshold value with the plurality of powers in sequence according to time sequence to determine the starting time of the filter window and the descending time of the filter window, wherein the window function coefficient between the starting time of the filter window and the descending time of the filter window is an appointed window function coefficient;
the second determining module is used for determining the time difference between the filter window descending time and the filter window ending time based on the time difference between the filter window starting time and the filter window descending time to obtain the filter window ending time, wherein the window function coefficient between the filter window descending time and the filter window ending time changes with time;
the filter window determining module is used for determining a target filter window function based on the filter window starting time, the filter window descending time and the filter window ending time;
And the filtering processing module is used for carrying out filtering processing on the power line channel estimation result according to the target filtering window function to obtain the power line channel estimation result after the filtering processing.
8. A computer device, comprising:
A memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory having stored therein computer instructions, the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. A computer program product comprising computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the power line carrier signal channel estimation filtering method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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