CN120287922A

CN120287922A - A thermal protection device and control method thereof, electric energy equipment and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN120287922A
Application number: CN202510715762.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋名保; 侯新春; 吴志豪; 徐跃芹
Original assignee: Shanghai Cool Air Transport Refrigeration Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Cool Air Transport Refrigeration Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2025-05-29
Filing date: 2025-05-29
Publication date: 2025-07-11

Abstract

The present application discloses a thermal protection device and a control method thereof, electric energy equipment and a vehicle, and relates to the field of rail transit air conditioning technology. The thermal protection device control method includes: switching modes according to environmental information, and the switchable modes include cooling mode and heating mode; in the heating mode, performing mode control according to the coolant information, and the controllable conditions include multiple heater branches, and the multiple heater branches are arranged in parallel in the liquid cooling branch. By controlling the number of opening and closing of the multiple heater branches, the multi-level adjustment of the heating power of the liquid cooling branch is achieved. The above-mentioned thermal protection device control method improves the problem in the prior art that a single high-power electric heater is difficult to achieve accurate control of the coolant temperature, and improves the stability and accuracy of the thermal protection device in regulating the coolant temperature.

Description

Heat guaranteeing device, control method thereof, electric energy equipment and vehicle

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of rail transit air conditioners, in particular to a heat guarantee device, a control method thereof, electric energy equipment and a vehicle.

Background

Efficient operation of the heat protection device is critical to guaranteeing equipment performance and safety. With the development of technology, various battery heat protection devices are widely applied to the fields of new energy locomotives and the like so as to ensure that batteries run in a proper working temperature range, thereby prolonging the service life of the batteries and improving the performance of the batteries.

Typically, these devices implement temperature control of the battery through complex liquid cooling and refrigeration circuits. However, existing heat protection devices have certain limitations in terms of electrical heating design.

In the process of realizing the invention, the inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following problems that the conventional liquid cooling loop electric heater at present usually adopts a single high-power electric heater, and under the condition that the environmental temperature change is large or the temperature regulation precision requirement of a power battery is high, the control mode of the single high-power electric heater easily causes the temperature fluctuation of cooling liquid, thereby influencing the performance and the service life of the power battery.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a control method of a heat guaranteeing device, which solves the problem that a single high-power electric heater is difficult to realize accurate control of the temperature of cooling liquid in the prior art, and improves the stability and the accuracy of the heat guaranteeing device on the temperature adjustment of the cooling liquid. Another object of the present application is to provide a heat protecting device, an electric power apparatus, and a vehicle.

In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a heat protecting device control method, including:

the mode is switched according to the environment information, and the modes which can be switched comprise a refrigerating mode and a heating mode;

Under the heating mode, in-mode control is carried out according to the cooling liquid information, the conditions for control comprise a plurality of heater branches, the plurality of heater branches are arranged in the liquid cooling branch in parallel, and the multistage adjustment of the heating power of the liquid cooling branch is realized by controlling the opening and closing quantity of the plurality of heater branches.

In some embodiments, the step of heating the mode further comprises:

The controllable conditions also comprise a flow regulating part, wherein the flow regulating part is arranged in the heater branch, and the stepless regulation of the heating power of the liquid cooling branch is realized by controlling the opening and closing degree of the flow regulating part.

In some embodiments, the step of heating the mode further comprises:

the heating power of the heater is Q, and Q is a non-negative number;

the number of the heater branches is N, and N is a positive integer greater than 1;

The heating power of the liquid cooling branch can be regulated in the range of { (k1+k2) q|k1=0, 1..N-1; k2 ε [0,1] }, k1 is a multi-stage regulation factor, and k2 is an electrodeless regulation factor.

In some embodiments, the step of performing mode switching according to the environmental information further includes:

Judging the relation between environment information and mode switching information, wherein the mode switching information comprises a first temperature threshold value and a second temperature threshold value, and the first temperature threshold value is larger than the second temperature threshold value;

when the ambient temperature of the ambient information is greater than the first temperature threshold, switching to a refrigeration mode;

And when the ambient temperature of the ambient information is smaller than the second temperature threshold value, switching to a heating mode.

the modes for switching also comprise a transition mode;

When the ambient temperature of the ambient information is between the first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold, switching to a transition mode;

In the transition mode, prediction is performed according to the change trend of the ambient temperature of the ambient information, and in-mode control is performed according to the coolant information.

In some embodiments, the environmental information includes an ambient temperature, the ambient temperature being monitored by an ambient temperature sensor;

the cooling liquid information comprises water outlet temperature and backwater temperature, the water outlet temperature is monitored and obtained by a water outlet temperature sensor, and the backwater temperature is monitored and obtained by a backwater temperature sensor.

The application also provides a heat guaranteeing device, which comprises a plurality of heater branches, a heat exchanger and a refrigerating loop, wherein the heat exchanger is provided with a refrigerant flow channel and a cooling liquid flow channel which can perform heat exchange, the refrigerant flow channel is communicated with the refrigerating loop, and the cooling liquid flow channel is communicated with the liquid cooling branch.

In some embodiments, the heat protection device further comprises a dry cooling branch, the dry cooling branch is arranged in parallel with the liquid cooling branch, a first parallel node of the liquid cooling branch and the dry cooling branch is located at the upstream of the liquid inlet end of the cooling liquid flow channel, and the dry cooling branch is communicated with a dry cooler.

The application also provides electric energy equipment comprising the heat guaranteeing device.

The application also provides a vehicle comprising the electric energy equipment.

Compared with the prior art, the control method of the heat protection device mainly comprises the steps of performing mode switching according to environment information, wherein the mode capable of being switched comprises a refrigerating mode and a heating mode, performing in-mode control according to cooling liquid information in the heating mode, wherein the condition capable of being controlled comprises a plurality of heater branches, the plurality of heater branches are arranged in parallel in a liquid cooling branch, and the multi-stage adjustment of heating power of the liquid cooling branch is realized by controlling the on-off quantity of the plurality of heater branches.

In the prior art, when a single high-power electric heater is used for heating a liquid cooling loop, the power of the single high-power electric heater is fixed and cannot be adjusted, so that the temperature of cooling liquid is difficult to accurately control according to actual requirements. When the design faces different environment temperatures and the condition that the power battery has high requirements on temperature adjustment precision, the temperature fluctuation of the cooling liquid is easy to cause, and the performance and the service life of the power battery are affected. In addition, the single high-power electric heater lacks flexibility in the operation process, and once the single high-power electric heater fails, the whole heating system cannot work normally, so that the reliability of the system is reduced.

According to the control method of the heat guarantee device, provided by the application, the plurality of heater branches are led into the liquid cooling branch in parallel, and the mode internal control is carried out according to the cooling liquid information, so that the multi-stage adjustment of the heating power of the liquid cooling branch is realized. Specifically, the heating power can be flexibly adjusted according to actual demands by controlling the opening and closing quantity of the plurality of heater branches. For example, when the cooling fluid requires a lower heating power, only a portion of the heater branches may be turned on, while when a higher heating power is required, more branches may be turned on. The multistage regulating mode can effectively avoid the problem of fluctuation of the temperature of the cooling liquid caused by the fixed power of the single high-power electric heater, thereby realizing accurate control of the temperature of the cooling liquid.

In addition, the design of multistage regulation has obvious energy-saving effect. By flexibly adjusting the heating power according to actual demands, the condition that the traditional single high-power electric heater still operates with the maximum power when in low-load demand is effectively avoided, and thus unnecessary energy consumption is reduced. Meanwhile, the parallel arrangement of the plurality of heater branches also plays a standby role. When a certain heater branch breaks down, other branches still can work normally, so that the stable operation of the heating system is effectively ensured, and the stability and reliability of the system are improved. The design not only solves the problem that the temperature of the cooling liquid is difficult to control accurately by a single high-power electric heater in the prior art, but also improves the overall performance of the heat guarantee device through multi-stage regulation, energy conservation and standby functions.

By combining the structure and the process description, the control method of the heat guarantee device has the advantages that the control method of the heat guarantee device at least has the advantages that the problem that a single high-power electric heater is difficult to realize accurate control of the temperature of the cooling liquid in the prior art is solved, and the stability and the accuracy of the heat guarantee device on the temperature regulation of the cooling liquid are improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a control method of a heat protecting device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat protecting device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a liquid cooling circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a liquid cooling branch circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another heat protection device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Wherein:

A heat protection device 100,

A refrigerating circuit 1,

The liquid cooling loop 2, the liquid cooling branch 201, the heater branch 2011, the first heating branch 20111, the second heating branch 20112, the backwater sub-branch 2012, the outlet Shui Zi branch 2013, the dry cooling branch 202, the backwater main 203, the outlet main 204,

Heat exchanger 3, refrigerant flow path 301, coolant flow path 302,

A dry cooler 4, a second heat exchange structure 401, a refrigerating fan 402,

A backwater temperature sensor 5,

A water outlet temperature sensor 6,

A first control valve 7,

A second control valve 8,

A heater 9, a first heater 901, a second heater 902, a flow regulator 903,

A first heat exchange structure 10,

A compressor 11,

A gas-liquid separator 12,

A low pressure sensor 13,

An intake air temperature sensor 14,

A first fluorine injection nozzle 15,

A one-way valve 16,

An exhaust gas temperature sensor 17,

A second fluorine injection nozzle 18,

A high pressure sensor 19,

A high-voltage pressure switch 20,

A third fluorine injection nozzle 21,

A filter 22,

A liquid-viewing mirror 23,

An electronic expansion valve 24,

A circulation pump 25,

An automatic exhaust valve 26,

An expansion tank 27,

A liquid injection port 28,

A water return pressure sensor 29,

Impurity filter 30,

A liquid outlet 31,

And a water outlet pressure sensor 32.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and detailed description for the purpose of enabling those skilled in the art to better understand the aspects of the present application.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a relationship diagram of a control method of a heat protection device according to an embodiment of the present application, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the heat protection device according to an embodiment of the present application, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a liquid cooling circuit according to an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a liquid cooling branch according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 1, the object related to the heat protection device control method includes a heat protection device 100 and a part for performing heat management under the effect of the heat protection device 100, such as a battery cabinet. In the relationship between the heat protecting device 100 and the battery cabinet, the controller of the heat protecting device 100 performs thermal management control on the battery cabinet according to the environmental information and the coolant information. The battery cabinet is a power battery cabinet of a new energy locomotive.

As shown in fig. 2, the heat protecting apparatus 100 mainly includes a refrigeration circuit 1, a liquid cooling circuit 2, and a heat exchanger 3. The heat protection device 100 realizes accurate control of the temperature of the cooling liquid through the synergistic effect of the refrigeration loop 1, the liquid cooling loop 2 and the heat exchanger 3. Wherein the refrigeration circuit 1 is, in particular, a compression refrigeration circuit.

The refrigeration loop 1 is responsible for providing a refrigeration function and realizing heat transfer through refrigerant circulation, the liquid cooling loop 2 is responsible for circulating cooling liquid and providing stable temperature regulation for equipment needing cooling, and the heat exchanger 3 is used as a bridge between the two to realize heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling liquid, so that the cooling liquid is ensured to keep proper temperature in the liquid cooling loop 2. This configuration enables the heat protection device 100 to flexibly adjust the temperature of the coolant under different conditions, meeting the thermal management requirements of the equipment.

In some cases, both ends of the liquid cooling loop 2 are connected to two interfaces of the battery cabinet.

As shown in fig. 3, the liquid cooling circuit 2 includes a liquid cooling branch 201, the liquid cooling branch 201 includes a heater branch 2011, a return water sub-branch 2012, and an outlet Shui Zi branch 2013, the heater branch 2011 is connected in parallel between the return water sub-branch 2012 and the outlet Shui Zi branch 2013, and the heater 9 is disposed in the heater branch 2011.

In a first specific implementation manner, the embodiment of the present application provides a control method of a heat protection device, which is applicable to a controller/controller system/control system of the heat protection device 100, and therefore is also a control method of the heat protection device 100, where the control method mainly includes performing mode switching according to environmental information, where a mode that can be switched includes a cooling mode and a heating mode, and performing mode internal control according to coolant information in the heating mode, where a condition that can be controlled includes a plurality of heater branches 2011, where the plurality of heater branches are disposed in parallel in the liquid cooling branch 201, and implementing multi-stage adjustment of heating power of the liquid cooling branch 201 by controlling the on/off number of the plurality of heater branches.

In the prior art, when a single high-power electric heater is used for heating the liquid cooling loop 2, because the power of the electric heater is fixed and cannot be adjusted, the temperature of the cooling liquid is difficult to accurately control according to actual requirements. When the design faces different environment temperatures and the condition that the power battery has high requirements on temperature adjustment precision, the temperature fluctuation of the cooling liquid is easy to cause, and the performance and the service life of the power battery are affected. In addition, the single high-power electric heater lacks flexibility in the operation process, and once the single high-power electric heater fails, the whole heating system cannot work normally, so that the reliability of the system is reduced.

In order to solve the above problems, the control method of the heat protection device provided by the application introduces a plurality of heater branches 2011 to be arranged in parallel in the liquid cooling branch 201, and performs in-mode control according to cooling liquid information, thereby realizing multi-stage adjustment of heating power of the liquid cooling branch 201. Specifically, the heating power can be flexibly adjusted according to actual demands by controlling the opening and closing quantity of the plurality of heater branches. For example, when the cooling fluid requires a lower heating power, only a portion of the heater branches may be turned on, while when a higher heating power is required, more branches may be turned on. The multistage regulating mode can effectively avoid the problem of fluctuation of the temperature of the cooling liquid caused by the fixed power of the single high-power electric heater, thereby realizing accurate control of the temperature of the cooling liquid.

In addition, the design of multistage regulation has obvious energy-saving effect. By flexibly adjusting the heating power according to actual demands, the condition that the traditional single high-power electric heater still operates with the maximum power when in low-load demand is effectively avoided, and thus unnecessary energy consumption is reduced. Meanwhile, the parallel arrangement of the plurality of heater branches also plays a standby role. When a certain heater branch breaks down, other branches still can work normally, so that the stable operation of the heating system is ensured, and the stability and reliability of the system are improved. The design not only solves the problem that a single high-power electric heater is difficult to realize accurate control of the temperature of the cooling liquid in the prior art, but also improves the overall performance of the heat guarantee device 100 through multi-stage regulation, energy conservation and standby functions.

By combining the structure and the process description, the control method of the heat guaranteeing device has the advantages that the control method of the heat guaranteeing device at least has the advantages that the problem that a single high-power electric heater is difficult to realize accurate control of the temperature of the cooling liquid in the prior art is solved, and the stability and the accuracy of the heat guaranteeing device 100 on the temperature adjustment of the cooling liquid are improved.

As shown in fig. 3, the heater branch 2011 is divided into a first heating branch 20111 and a second heating branch 20112 according to the arrangement of components. Disposed in the first heating branch 20111 is a first heater 901, and disposed in the second heating branch 20112 is a second heater 902 and a flow regulator 903.

In some embodiments, the heating mode further comprises a step of controlling the conditions that the heating mode further comprises a flow regulator 903, wherein the flow regulator 903 is arranged in the heater branch 2011, and the stepless adjustment of the heating power of the liquid cooling branch 201 is realized by controlling the opening and closing degree of the flow regulator 903.

In the present embodiment, the heat protecting device 100 introduces the flow regulator 903, and the heat protecting device control method introduces the control of the flow regulator 903, so as to further optimize the adjustment capability of the heating power of the liquid cooling branch 201. The flow regulator 903 is disposed in the heater branch 2011, and can realize stepless adjustment of the heating power of the liquid cooling branch 201 by controlling the opening and closing degree thereof. By means of the design, in a heating mode, the heat guaranteeing device 100 can be subjected to multistage adjustment through the opening and closing quantity of the plurality of heater branches 2011, and finer power control can be achieved through the flow adjusting piece 903, so that the accuracy and the flexibility of cooling liquid temperature adjustment are improved.

Under different working conditions, the opening degree of the flow regulating element 903 can be regulated flexibly to flexibly regulate the flow speed and flow of the cooling liquid, so that the heating power can be regulated steplessly according to actual requirements. This ability to adjust steplessly not only improves the accuracy of the control of the temperature of the coolant by the thermal assurance device 100, but also allows for a quick response and adjustment of the heating power when the ambient temperature changes or the coolant demand fluctuates, thereby better meeting the thermal management needs of the equipment.

Specifically, the plurality of heater branches 2011 in the liquid cooling branch 201 are arranged in parallel and divided into a first heating branch 20111 and a second heating branch 20112. Only the first heater 901 is provided in the first heating branch 20111, while the second heater 902 and the flow regulator 903 are provided in the second heating branch 20112 at the same time. With such a structural arrangement, when the coolant requires a lower heating power, only the first heater 901 in the first heating branch 20111 may be turned on, achieving a basic heating demand by controlling its operating state. And when the cooling liquid needs higher heating power, the second heater 902 in the second heating branch 20112 can be activated, and meanwhile, the flow rate of the cooling liquid flowing through the second heater 902 is precisely controlled through the adjustment of the flow rate adjusting piece 903, so that a wider heating power adjustment range is realized. When the cooling fluid needs to further increase the heating power, the number of the first heating branches 20111 may be increased.

In some embodiments, the heating mode further comprises the steps of heating the heater 9 with a heating power Q that is a non-negative number, the number of heater branches 2011 being N, N being a positive integer greater than 1, the heating power of the liquid cooled branch 201 being adjustable in the range { (k1+k2) qk1=0, 1, N-1, k2 e [0,1] }, k1 being a multi-stage adjustment factor, k2 being an electrodeless adjustment factor.

In this embodiment, the heating mode of the heat protection device 100 further optimizes the control of the heating power of the liquid cooling branch 201 by an accurate power adjustment mechanism. Specifically, the heating power of the heaters 9 is defined as Q, where Q is a non-negative number, representing the basic heating capacity of each heater. The number of the heater branches 2011 is N, where N is a positive integer greater than 1, which indicates that a plurality of heater branches 2011 are disposed in parallel in the liquid cooling branch 201 to implement a multi-stage adjustment function.

The heating power of the liquid-cooled branch 201 can be adjusted in the range of { (k1+k2) q|k1=0, 1..n-1; k2∈ [0,1] }, where k1 is a multistage adjustment coefficient and k2 is an electrodeless adjustment coefficient. The adjusting mode combines the advantages of multi-stage adjustment and electrodeless adjustment, so that the control of heating power is more flexible and accurate.

Specifically, the heating power of the first heater 901 and the second heater 902 are Q, but they differ in the location and function of the arrangement. The first heater 901 is located in a first heating branch 20111 and the second heater 902 is located in a second heating branch 20112. The first heating branch 20111 is provided in one or more, the second heating branch 20112 is typically provided in one, and the sum of the numbers of the first heating branch 20111 and the second heating branch 20112 is equal to N.

The multi-stage adjustment coefficient k1 corresponds to the number of openings of the first heating branch 20111, i.e., by controlling the number of openings of the first heater 901 in the first heating branch 20111, multi-stage adjustment of heating power can be achieved. For example, when k1=0, the first heating branches 20111 are not turned on and the heating power is 0, when k1=1, the first heating branches 20111 turn on one heater and the heating power is Q, and so on, when k1=n-1, all the first heating branches 20111 are turned on and the heating power is (N-1) Q.

The stepless adjustment coefficient k2 corresponds to the opening and closing degree of the flow regulator 903 in the second heating branch 20112. By adjusting the opening of the flow regulator 903, a change in the flow of the cooling liquid in the second heating branch 20112 can be achieved, thereby achieving stepless adjustment of the heating power. For example, when k2=0, the flow regulator 903 is completely closed, the second heating branch 20112 does not participate in heating, when k2=1, the flow regulator 903 is completely opened, the second heating branch 20112 participates in heating at maximum flow, and when k2 is between 0 and 1, the flow regulator 903 is partially opened so that the heating power is continuously adjustable between 0 and Q.

By combining multi-stage regulation with stepless regulation, the heating power of the liquid cooling branch 201 can be precisely controlled over a wide range. This design not only improves the accuracy of the thermal assurance device 100 in regulating the coolant temperature, but also enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the system so that it can better cope with different operating conditions requirements.

In the present embodiment, "heating power" does not refer to the rated power of the heater 9, but refers to the operating power of the heater 9 when operating, such as the power in a shutdown state and the power in an operation state.

In some cases, taking an embodiment in which the number N of the heater branches 2011 is 2 as an example, the number of the first heating branches 20111 is 1, the power of the first heating branches 20111 can be switched between 0 and Q, the number of the second heating branches 20112 is 1, and the power of the second heating branches 20112 can be adjusted steplessly between 0 and Q, so that when the first heating branches 20111 are not started, the total heating power can be adjusted steplessly between 0 and Q, and the method is suitable for a flexible change scene of low power requirements, and when the first heating branches 20111 are started, the total heating power can be adjusted steplessly between Q and 2Q, and is suitable for a flexible change scene of high power requirements.

In some embodiments, the step of performing mode switching according to the environmental information further includes determining a relationship between the environmental information and the mode switching information, the mode switching information including a first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold, the first temperature threshold being greater than the second temperature threshold, switching to a cooling mode when the environmental temperature of the environmental information is greater than the first temperature threshold, and switching to a heating mode when the environmental temperature of the environmental information is less than the second temperature threshold.

In this embodiment, the heat protection device control method further optimizes the mode switching logic, and achieves more accurate and flexible mode switching control by introducing the relationship judgment between the environment information and the mode switching information. In particular, the mode switch information includes two key parameters, a first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold. These two thresholds provide explicit switching conditions for the system, enabling the thermal assurance device 100 to automatically adjust the operating mode according to changes in ambient temperature to meet thermal management needs under different operating conditions.

When the ambient temperature of the ambient information is above the first temperature threshold, the heat protection device 100 switches to the cooling mode. The design is to cope with high-temperature environment, effectively ensures that the temperature of the cooling liquid can be rapidly reduced to a proper range, and provides stable cooling effect for equipment such as a battery cabinet. In the refrigeration mode, the refrigeration loop 1 realizes heat transfer through refrigerant circulation, and reduces the temperature of the cooling liquid so as to meet the requirement of equipment on a low-temperature environment.

In contrast, when the ambient temperature of the ambient information is lower than the second temperature threshold, the heat protecting device 100 switches to the heating mode. This mode is mainly used in low temperature environment, heats the coolant through heater branch 2011, ensures that the coolant temperature can maintain in suitable range to ensure the normal operating of equipment. In the heating mode, the system can realize accurate heating power adjustment by controlling the number of the heater branches 2011 (specifically, the number of the first heating branches 20111) and the opening of the flow regulator 903 according to the actual requirement of the cooling liquid.

Through such mode switching logic based on the ambient temperature threshold, the thermal protection device 100 is able to automatically adapt to different ambient conditions, ensuring that the system is always operating in an optimal state. The design not only improves the automation degree of the system, but also enhances the reliability and the adaptability of the system, so that the system can stably operate in a wider environment temperature range.

In some embodiments, the mode switching step according to the environmental information further comprises a mode for switching and a transition mode, wherein when the environmental temperature of the environmental information is between the first temperature threshold value and the second temperature threshold value, the mode is switched to the transition mode, and in the transition mode, the mode in-mode control is performed according to the change trend of the environmental temperature of the environmental information and the cooling liquid information.

In this embodiment, the heat protection device control method further introduces a transition mode to optimize the operation strategy under the condition that the ambient temperature is between the first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold. The core of the transition mode is to predict the change trend of the ambient temperature, so that the thermal management control is performed in a time axis more ahead, and the transition mode is not just simple refrigeration or heating mode switching, but intelligent dynamic switching.

When the ambient temperature of the ambient information is between the first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold, the thermal protection device 100 switches to the transition mode. In the transition mode, the system is not limited to a single refrigerating or heating mode, but is dynamically adjusted according to the change trend of the ambient temperature. The core of such dynamic adjustment is to predict future changes in ambient temperature, thus reacting in advance, ensuring that the coolant temperature remains within a suitable range throughout.

The mode of determining the trend of change in the transition mode is not limited in this embodiment. For example, the rising or falling trend can be judged by monitoring the rate of change of the ambient temperature. If the change rate of the ambient temperature shows that the temperature is about to rise, the system can be switched to the cooling mode in advance, whereas if the change rate shows that the temperature is about to fall, the system can be switched to the heating mode in advance. In addition, more complex time sequence analysis or machine learning algorithms can be adopted to predict the change trend of the ambient temperature, so that more precise control is realized. These methods all fall within the scope of the description of the present embodiment.

By introducing the transition mode, the heat protecting device 100 can more flexibly adjust the working mode under the condition of large fluctuation of the ambient temperature, and avoid unstable system caused by frequent switching of the cooling and heating modes. The change trend control mode based on prediction not only improves the response speed and control precision of the system, but also enhances the adaptability and reliability of the system, so that the system can better cope with complex environmental conditions.

In some embodiments, the environmental information includes an environmental temperature, which is monitored and obtained by an environmental temperature sensor, and the coolant information includes a water outlet temperature, which is monitored and obtained by a water outlet temperature sensor 6, and a water return temperature, which is monitored and obtained by a water return temperature sensor 5.

In the present embodiment, the acquisition of the environmental information and the coolant information is the basis for realizing the accurate control of the heat protecting device 100. Specifically, the environmental information mainly includes an environmental temperature, which is monitored and acquired by an environmental temperature sensor. By monitoring the ambient temperature in real time, the thermal assurance device 100 is able to accurately understand the current external environmental conditions, thereby providing a basis for mode switching and control strategy formulation.

The cooling liquid information comprises water outlet temperature and backwater temperature, and the water outlet temperature sensor 6 and the backwater temperature sensor 5 are respectively used for monitoring and acquiring the two parameters. The outlet water temperature reflects the temperature state of the coolant when it enters the equipment (e.g., battery cabinet) after being heated or cooled, and the return water temperature represents the temperature of the coolant when it returns from the equipment to the heat protecting device 100. These two temperature parameters are critical for assessing the temperature change of the cooling liquid during circulation and the heat exchange effect of the device.

Through the collaborative monitoring of the environmental temperature sensor, the water outlet temperature sensor 6 and the water return temperature sensor 5, the heat protection device 100 can comprehensively grasp the current heat management working condition. The real-time data provided by the sensors not only provides accurate judgment basis for switching of the refrigerating mode, the heating mode and the transition mode, but also provides data support for fine control in the modes. For example, in the transition mode, the system can dynamically adjust the opening and closing number of the heater branches 2011 and the opening of the flow adjusting member 903 according to the change trend of the ambient temperature and the outlet water and return water temperatures of the cooling liquid, so as to realize accurate adjustment of the temperature of the cooling liquid.

In addition, the sensor-based real-time monitoring system also enhances the automation and intelligence level of the heat protection device 100, so that the heat protection device can automatically optimize operation strategies under different working conditions, and the overall performance and reliability of the system are improved. By precisely acquiring the environmental information and the coolant information, the heat protecting device 100 can better satisfy the thermal management requirements of the equipment, and ensure that the device can stably operate under various environmental conditions.

With continued reference to fig. 2 to 4, the present application further provides a heat protection device 100, and the heat protection device 100 includes a liquid cooling branch 201, a plurality of heater branches 2011 are disposed in parallel in the liquid cooling branch 201, the heat protection device 100 further includes a heat exchanger 3 and a refrigeration circuit 1, the heat exchanger 3 is provided with a refrigerant flow channel 301 and a cooling liquid flow channel 302 capable of performing heat exchange, the refrigerant flow channel 301 is communicated with the refrigeration circuit 1, and the cooling liquid flow channel 302 is communicated with the liquid cooling branch 201.

As shown in fig. 3, the liquid cooling loop 2 includes a liquid cooling branch 201, a water return main path 203 and a water outlet main path 204, the water outlet main path 204 is communicated with a water outlet sub-path 2013, the water outlet main path 204 is provided with a water outlet temperature sensor 6, the water return main path 203 is communicated with a water return sub-path 2012, and the water return main path 203 is provided with a water return temperature sensor 5.

In some cases, the return water main 203 is connected to a first interface of the battery cabinet and the outlet water main 204 is connected to a second interface of the battery cabinet.

In the present embodiment, the heat exchanger 3 is provided with a refrigerant flow passage 301 and a cooling liquid flow passage 302 capable of heat exchange, the refrigeration circuit 1 is communicated with the refrigerant flow passage 301, the refrigerant circulates therein to realize a refrigeration cycle, and the liquid cooling circuit 2 is communicated with the cooling liquid flow passage 302, the cooling liquid circulates therein to absorb and dissipate heat.

A plurality of heater branches 2011 are arranged in parallel between the backwater sub-branch 2012 and the outlet Shui Zi branch 2013, each heater branch 2011 is provided with a heater 9, and each heater 9 can be independently controlled to operate.

In use, the coolant enters the liquid cooling branch 201, first enters the return water sub-branch 2012, then splits into the heater branch 2011, and finally merges into the outlet water sub-branch 2013.

In some embodiments, the heat protection device 100 further includes a dry cooling branch 202, the dry cooling branch 202 is disposed in parallel with the liquid cooling branch 201, a first parallel joint of the liquid cooling branch 201 and the dry cooling branch 202 is located upstream of the liquid inlet end of the cooling liquid flow channel 302, and the dry cooling branch 202 is in communication with the dry cooler 4.

As shown in fig. 2, the liquid cooling circuit 2 includes a liquid cooling branch 201, a dry cooling branch 202, a return water main 203, and an outlet water main 204.

In the present embodiment, the liquid cooling branch 201 is also provided in parallel with the dry cooling branch 202 as a portion of the liquid cooling circuit 2 that communicates with the cooling liquid flow passage 302 of the heat exchanger 3, and the dry cooling branch 202 does not communicate with the cooling liquid flow passage 302 of the heat exchanger 3.

The heat protection device 100 further expands its functionality by introducing a dry cooling leg 202 in parallel with the liquid cooling leg 201, providing more flow direction options and functional options for the cooling fluid. The dry cooling branch 202 is communicated with the dry cooler 4, and forms a core part of the heat guaranteeing device 100 together with the liquid cooling branch 201, and the dry cooling branch and the liquid cooling branch cooperate to meet heat guaranteeing requirements under different working conditions, wherein the heat guaranteeing requirements comprise refrigeration and heating.

The dry cooling branch 202 and the liquid cooling branch 201 are arranged between the water return main path 203 and the water outlet main path 204 in parallel, and the design ensures that the cooling liquid can select different paths according to actual requirements when flowing through the heat guarantee device 100. For example, the liquid cooling branch 201 has the functions of cooling and heating, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is accurately adjusted through components such as the heater branch 2011 and the heat exchanger 3. The dry cooling branch 202 mainly provides a refrigerating function, and cooling of the cooling liquid is realized through the dry cooler 4.

In some cases, the refrigeration process of the liquid cooling branch 201 generally involves heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling liquid, possibly accompanied by a phase change (such as vaporization or liquefaction of the refrigerant), while the refrigeration process of the dry cooling branch 202 generally does not involve a phase change, and cooling of the cooling liquid is achieved mainly by heat exchange between the dry cooler 4 and the external environment.

The advantage of this parallel arrangement is that the liquid cooling branch 201 and the dry cooling branch 202 may operate independently or cooperatively depending on different operating conditions and requirements. For example, the dry cooling branch 202 may be preferentially used for cooling when the ambient temperature is low to save energy, and the liquid cooling branch 201 and the dry cooling branch 202 may be operated simultaneously when the ambient temperature is high or rapid cooling is required to provide a stronger cooling effect. In addition, when the liquid cooling branch 201 needs to perform refrigeration, the dry cooling branch 202 can be used as a standby path, so that the temperature adjustment of the cooling liquid is more flexible and efficient.

Through this design, the heat protecting device 100 not only can meet diversified temperature regulation requirements, but also can optimize energy utilization according to actual working conditions, and improves the overall performance and reliability of the system.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another heat protection device according to an embodiment of the application.

In some embodiments, the refrigeration circuit 1 is communicated with one or more first heat exchange structures 10, the dry cooler 4 comprises one or more second heat exchange structures 401 and a refrigeration fan 402, and the first heat exchange structures 10 and the second heat exchange structures 401 are arranged in a refrigeration space generated when the refrigeration fan 402 works, that is, the first heat exchange structures 10 and the second heat exchange structures 401 share the refrigeration fan 402.

In the present embodiment, the heat protecting apparatus 100 further improves the refrigerating efficiency and the energy utilization efficiency of the system by optimizing the structures of the refrigerating circuit 1 and the dry cooler 4. The refrigeration circuit 1 is in communication with one or more first heat exchange structures 10, while the main cooler 4 comprises one or more second heat exchange structures 401 and a refrigeration fan 402. The first heat exchanging structure 10 and the second heat exchanging structure 401 are arranged in a refrigerating space generated when the refrigerating fan 402 is operated, and the design enables the refrigerating fan 402 to simultaneously provide cooling air flow for the first heat exchanging structure 10 and the second heat exchanging structure 401, thereby realizing efficient heat exchange.

Specifically, the cooling fan 402 generates a cooling space when in operation, and the air flow in the space is cooled and used to reduce the temperature of the first heat exchange structure 10 and the second heat exchange structure 401, and transfer the heat of the first heat exchange structure 10 and the second heat exchange structure 401 into the cooling space. Since the cooling air flow of the refrigeration fan 402 flows through the first heat exchange structure 10 and the second heat exchange structure 401 at the same time, heat released by the cooling air flow is taken away, and therefore an efficient refrigeration process is achieved.

The benefit of this design is that the cooling fan 402 is shared, avoiding the need to provide separate cooling devices for the first heat exchanging structure 10 and the second heat exchanging structure 401, respectively, thereby reducing the complexity and energy consumption of the system. By sharing the cooling fan 402, the heat protecting apparatus 100 can not only improve cooling efficiency, but also reduce the volume and cost of equipment, while improving reliability and maintenance convenience of the system. Furthermore, this common design also optimizes space utilization such that the heat protection device 100 achieves efficient refrigeration functions in a compact space.

In some cases, the first heat exchange structure 10 corresponds to a condenser. The cooling fan 402 corresponds to a condensing fan.

In some embodiments, a plurality of first heat exchange structures 10 are arranged in parallel and a plurality of second heat exchange structures 401 are arranged in parallel.

In this embodiment, the heat protection device 100 further optimizes the design of the heat exchange structure, and by adopting the parallel arrangement mode of the plurality of first heat exchange structures 10 and the plurality of second heat exchange structures 401, the overall performance and reliability of the system are significantly improved.

Specifically, the plurality of first heat exchanging structures 10 are arranged in parallel in the refrigeration circuit 1, and the design enables the refrigerant to exchange heat through the plurality of heat exchanging channels in parallel, thereby improving heat exchanging efficiency. The heat exchange structures arranged in parallel can disperse the flow of the refrigerant, reduce the load of a single heat exchange structure, and enable heat exchange to be more uniform and efficient. Meanwhile, the parallel design also increases the redundancy of the system, and when one or more first heat exchange structures 10 fail, other heat exchange structures can still work normally, so that the stable operation of the refrigeration loop 1 is ensured, and the reliability and stability of the system are improved.

Similarly, the plurality of second heat exchange structures 401 are also arranged in parallel to cooperate with the cooling fan 402. This design not only improves the heat transfer efficiency of the intercooler 4, but also enhances the redundancy and stability of the system. The parallel arrangement of the second heat exchanging structures 401 ensures that the cooling liquid can transfer heat more effectively into the refrigerating space when passing through the main cooler 4, thereby achieving a better refrigerating effect. Meanwhile, the parallel connection design also provides a standby function for the system, and when part of heat exchange structures fail, other heat exchange structures can continue to bear heat exchange tasks, so that the normal operation of the dryer and cooler 4 is ensured.

With this parallel arrangement, the heat protection device 100 not only improves heat exchange efficiency, but also enhances redundancy and stability of the system. This design allows the thermal assurance device 100 to remain efficient and stable in operation under complex operating conditions while reducing the risk of system failure due to failure of a single heat exchange structure, significantly improving the reliability and service life of the system.

With continued reference to fig. 5, in a specific embodiment, for the refrigeration circuit 1 of the heat protection device 100, the refrigeration circuit further includes a compressor 11, a gas-liquid separator 12, a low pressure sensor 13, a suction temperature sensor 14, a first fluorine injection nozzle 15 disposed between the upstream of the compressor 11 and the heat exchanger 3, a check valve 16, an exhaust temperature sensor 17, a second fluorine injection nozzle 18, a high pressure sensor 19, a high pressure switch 20 disposed between the downstream of the compressor 11 and the first heat exchange structure 10, a third fluorine injection nozzle 21, a filter 22, a liquid viewing mirror 23, and an electronic expansion valve 24 disposed between the downstream of the first heat exchange structure 10 and the heat exchanger 3.

Under the driving force provided by the compressor 11, the refrigerant can realize a flow path from the compressor 11 to the first heat exchange structure 10 to the electronic expansion valve 24 to the refrigerant flow passage 301 of the heat exchanger 3 to the compressor 11, thereby realizing the refrigeration cycle. In addition, the refrigeration circuit 1 is provided with a frequency converter electrically connected to the compressor 11 to control the frequency conversion operation of the compressor 11.

The liquid cooling circuit 2 of the heat guaranteeing device 100 further comprises a circulating pump 25, an automatic exhaust valve 26, an expansion tank 27, a liquid injection port 28, a backwater temperature sensor 5, a backwater pressure sensor 29 and an impurity filter 30, wherein the circulating pump 25 is arranged on the backwater main path 203, and a liquid discharge port 31, a water outlet temperature sensor 6 and a water outlet pressure sensor 32 are arranged on the water outlet main path 204.

The impurity filter 30 is used for filtering the cooling liquid entering the liquid cooling loop 2, preventing impurities in the cooling liquid from damaging the circulation pump 25 and affecting the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger 3. The function of the return water pressure sensor 29 and the outlet water pressure sensor 32 is to collect the return water pressure value and the outlet water pressure value of the cooling liquid, and feed back the pressure values to the controller for processing so as to execute relevant logic control. When the water outlet pressure or the water return pressure is abnormal, the system can be associated with related faults and is used for checking the related faults of the water outlet pressure and the water return pressure. For example, the water pump can be stopped when the water outlet pressure is too high, and an alarm can be sent when the water return pressure is too low. The liquid discharge port 31 and the liquid injection port 28 are used for discharging the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling circuit 2 and replenishing the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling circuit 2. The automatic exhaust valve 26 is used for exhausting air in the liquid cooling loop 2 when filling the cooling liquid, and can also exhaust gas which is flashed by the cooling liquid in the running process. The expansion tank 27 is used to buffer the change in volume of the coolant due to expansion with heat and contraction with cold. The check valve 16 is used for preventing liquid refrigerant in the exhaust pipeline from flowing back to the compressor 11 during starting up, so as to avoid damage to the compressor. The suction temperature sensor 14 and the discharge temperature sensor 17 are used to monitor the operational stability of the refrigeration system and provide feedback signals to the controller. The high pressure safety switch 20 is used to monitor the high pressure condition of the refrigeration system to prevent damage to the compressor due to a fault. The high pressure sensor 19 and the low pressure sensor 13 are used to monitor the high and low pressure conditions of the refrigeration system to maintain stable operation of the refrigeration system. The gas-liquid separator 12 is used for separating the gas from the liquid of the refrigerant returned from the evaporator, so as to prevent the liquid refrigerant from entering the compressor 11 to cause damage. The dry filter 22 is used to filter impurities in the refrigeration system, preventing the impurities from affecting the function of the electronic expansion valve 24. The liquid-viewing mirror 23 is used for observing the water content in the refrigerating system and preventing ice blockage caused by the excessively high water content. The condensing fan is used to provide cooling air required for condensation to the condenser in the refrigeration system and to cool the dry cooler 4 in certain modes.

When the external environment is in the normal cooling demand condition, the heat protecting device 100 operates in the normal cooling mode. In the normal cooling mode, the second control valve 8 is closed and the flow regulator 903 is fully opened. The cooling liquid in the liquid cooling loop 2 comes from the battery cabinet, sequentially passes through the impurity filter 30, the circulating pump 25 and the cooling liquid flow channel 302 of the heat exchanger 3 to cool, and then flows to the battery cabinet to cool through the heater branch 2011 (heating is not performed at this time). After the heat absorption and the temperature rise of the battery cabinet, the cooling liquid reenters the liquid cooling loop 2 of the heat guarantee device 100 to complete one cycle.

When the external environment is in the normal heating demand working condition, the heat protection device 100 operates in the normal heating mode, and at this time, the second control valve 8 is kept in a closed state, and the refrigeration circuit 1 stops operating. The cooling liquid enters the liquid cooling circuit 2, passes through the impurity filter 30, the circulation pump 25, and the heat exchanger 3 in this order (no cooling is performed at this time), and reaches the heater branch 2011. The cooling liquid is heated by the first heater 901 or the second heater 902 in the heater branch 2011, and then flows from the liquid cooling circuit 2 to the battery cabinet for heat exchange after reaching a desired temperature. The cooling liquid cooled by the battery cabinet returns to the liquid cooling loop 2 again to complete the circulation of the liquid cooling loop in the common heating mode.

The heating requirement of the cooling liquid is divided into N cases that Q is 0<X-2Q, Q < X-2Q, and (N-1) Q < X-NQ, wherein Q represents the maximum electric heating amount when the single heater 9 is fully on. When the electric heating amount required by the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling loop 2 is 0<X less than or equal to Q, the second heater 902 corresponding to the flow regulator 903 of the second heating branch 20112 is turned on to perform the heating mode, and at this time, the control system adjusts the opening of the flow regulator 903 according to the detection result of the outlet water temperature sensor 6. When the electric heating amount required by the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling loop 2 is (N-1) Q < X less than or equal to NQ, the N-1 first heaters 901 corresponding to the N-1 first heating branches 20111 are all in a heating mode, and the control system can adjust the opening of the flow regulator 903 according to the detection result of the water outlet temperature sensor 6. When x=nq, the flow regulator 903 is adjusted to the fully open state by the control system.

In some cases, the refrigeration fan 402 employs an axial flow fan. The heater 9 is a pipeline heater (or pipeline type electric heater). The first control valve 7, the second control valve 8, and the flow rate adjuster 903 are electric two-way valves. The heat exchanger 3 is a plate heat exchanger. The first heat exchanging structure 10 and the second heat exchanging structure 401 adopt fin heat exchangers.

The application also provides an electric energy device comprising the heat protection device 100.

The electrical energy device includes the heat protection device 100, and all the beneficial technical effects of the heat protection device 100 are required, and are not described in detail herein.

In this embodiment, the electrical energy device may be a device integrated with a power battery, such as a battery cabinet, for example, a power battery cabinet of a new energy locomotive, and the heat protection device 100 is integrated to meet the thermal management requirements of the internal battery or other electrical energy storage components. The design enables the electric energy equipment to realize accurate control and stable adjustment of the temperature of the internal battery through the heat guarantee device 100, thereby effectively ensuring the battery to run in a proper temperature range, prolonging the service life of the battery and improving the performance and safety of the equipment.

The vehicle comprises the above-mentioned electric energy equipment, and all the beneficial technical effects of the above-mentioned electric energy equipment are not described in detail herein.

In this embodiment, the vehicle may be a new energy railway vehicle (or new energy locomotive), such as an electric train, a subway, or a light rail. The design enables the new energy railway vehicle to utilize the heat guarantee device 100 to carry out efficient heat management and stable adjustment on the vehicle-mounted power battery or other electric energy storage equipment, and effectively ensures that the battery keeps the optimal working temperature under various running conditions, thereby improving the running efficiency, reliability and safety of the vehicle. Meanwhile, through optimizing thermal management, the service life of the battery can be prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the vehicle is reduced.

It should be noted that many of the components mentioned in the present application are common standard components or components known to those skilled in the art, and the structure and principle thereof can be known by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or through routine experimental methods.

It should be noted that in this specification relational terms such as first and second are used solely to distinguish one entity from another entity without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities.

The heat protection device, the control method thereof, the electric energy equipment and the vehicle provided by the application are described in detail. The principles and embodiments of the present application have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present application and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the application can be made without departing from the principles of the application and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the application as defined in the following claims.

Claims

1. A method of controlling a heat protecting device, comprising:

2. The heat protection device control method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of heating the mode further comprises:

3. The heat protection device control method according to claim 2, characterized in that the step of heating the mode further comprises:

the heating power of the heater is Q, and Q is a non-negative number;

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of performing mode switching according to the environmental information further comprises:

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of performing mode switching according to the environmental information further comprises:

the modes for switching also comprise a transition mode;

6. The heat protection device control method of claim 1, wherein the environmental information includes an environmental temperature, the environmental temperature being monitored by an environmental temperature sensor;

7. A heat ensuring device, characterized in that the heat ensuring device comprises a liquid cooling branch, a plurality of heater branches are arranged in parallel in the liquid cooling branch, the heat ensuring device further comprises a heat exchanger and a refrigerating circuit, the heat exchanger is provided with a refrigerant flow passage and a cooling liquid flow passage which can perform heat exchange, the refrigerant flow passage is communicated with the refrigerating circuit, and the cooling liquid flow passage is communicated with the liquid cooling branch.

8. The heat shield arrangement of claim 7, further comprising a dry cooling branch disposed in parallel with the liquid cooling branch, a first parallel node of the liquid cooling branch and the dry cooling branch being located upstream of the liquid inlet end of the coolant flow channel, the dry cooling branch being in communication with a dry cooler.

9. An electrical energy apparatus comprising a heat protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A vehicle comprising the electrical energy apparatus of claim 9.