CN120400475B - Post-processing equipment for rolled strip - Google Patents
Post-processing equipment for rolled stripInfo
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- CN120400475B CN120400475B CN202510897422.1A CN202510897422A CN120400475B CN 120400475 B CN120400475 B CN 120400475B CN 202510897422 A CN202510897422 A CN 202510897422A CN 120400475 B CN120400475 B CN 120400475B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本发明公开一种轧后带材的后加工设备，涉及带材轧制后加工技术领域，以解决解决现有技术中金属带材轧制后因边部与中心区域残余应力分布不均导致的边缘波浪形翘曲、整体翘曲的问题。包括：梯度退火装置和边部应力分级调控装置；梯度退火装置至少包括多个加热辊组；多个加热辊组沿带材移动方向等间距排布，每个加热辊组包括两个加热辊，两个加热辊分别对轧后带材的上表面和下表面进行加热，每个加热辊至少包括磁感线圈，磁感线圈的线圈密度由边部至中部递减；边部应力分级调控装置至少包括沿带材移动方向设置的多个压边辊轮组；每个压边辊轮组与带材宽度方向之间的夹角沿着带材移动方向逐级减小。本发明用于实现残余应力的精准调控。
The present invention discloses a post-processing device for rolled strip, which relates to the technical field of post-processing of strip rolling, and aims to solve the problem of wavy edge warping and overall warping caused by uneven residual stress distribution between the edge and center regions of metal strips after rolling in the prior art. The device comprises: a gradient annealing device and an edge stress grading control device; the gradient annealing device comprises at least a plurality of heating roller groups; the plurality of heating roller groups are arranged at equal intervals along the direction of strip movement, each heating roller group comprises two heating rollers, and the two heating rollers heat the upper and lower surfaces of the rolled strip respectively; each heating roller comprises at least a magnetic induction coil, and the coil density of the magnetic induction coil decreases from the edge to the center; the edge stress grading control device comprises at least a plurality of edge pressure roller groups arranged along the direction of strip movement; the angle between each edge pressure roller group and the width direction of the strip decreases step by step along the direction of strip movement. The present invention is used to achieve precise control of residual stress.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of strip rolling post-processing, in particular to post-processing equipment for rolled strips.
Background
In the process of rolling the metal strip, uneven residual stress distribution is easy to form at the edge and the central area of the strip due to factors such as elastic deformation of a roller, uneven material flow, temperature distribution difference and the like, so that the strip after rolling has defects such as edge wavy warping, integral warping and the like. Such defects not only affect the surface flatness and dimensional accuracy of the strip, but also reduce the qualification rate of subsequent deep processing, and become a difficult problem for restricting the production of high-accuracy metal strips.
In the prior art, the annealing process is mostly adopted to regulate and control the residual stress of the rolled strip, and the traditional annealing adopts an integral uniform heating mode, so that the residual stress can be partially eliminated, but the stress difference between the edge and the central area cannot be released in a targeted manner, so that the problem of edge waves is difficult to radically cure. In the traditional mechanical straightening technology, external force is applied to the strip through a roller straightener to forcedly level, so that the geometric form of the strip can be temporarily corrected, the internal residual stress is not eliminated, and the warpage is easy to recur in subsequent processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide post-processing equipment for rolled strips, which is used for solving the problems of wavy edge and integral warping caused by uneven distribution of residual stress at the edge and the central area after rolling of the metal strips in the prior art and realizing accurate regulation and control of the residual stress.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the invention provides post-processing equipment for rolled strips, which comprises a gradient annealing device and an edge stress grading regulation device, wherein the outlet end of the gradient annealing device is connected with the inlet end of the edge stress grading regulation device;
The gradient annealing device at least comprises a plurality of heating roller groups, wherein the heating roller groups are distributed at equal intervals along the moving direction of the strip, each heating roller group comprises two heating rollers, and the two heating rollers respectively heat the upper surface and the lower surface of the rolled strip;
The edge stress grading regulation and control device at least comprises a plurality of edge pressing roller sets arranged along the moving direction of the strip, each edge pressing roller set comprises four edge pressing rollers, and the included angle between each edge pressing roller set and the width direction of the strip is gradually reduced along the moving direction of the strip.
Optionally, each heating roller further comprises a supporting roller core, an inner roller sleeve, an outer roller sleeve and two end covers;
The support roller core is positioned at the center of the roller body of the heating roller, and is made of ceramic insulation materials;
the inner roller sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the supporting roller core, the outer roller sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the inner roller sleeve, and a heating roller cavity is formed between the inner roller sleeve and the outer roller sleeve;
The magnetic induction coil is wound on the outer surface of the inner roller sleeve, and high-frequency alternating current is introduced into the two ends of the magnetic induction coil;
the two end covers are respectively fixed at two ends of the roller body of the heating roller.
Optionally, the gradient annealing device further comprises a plurality of temperature acquisition devices, each temperature acquisition device is connected with one heating roller, each temperature acquisition device comprises a sensor base and at least three temperature sensors fixed on the sensor base, and the at least three temperature sensors are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the heating roller.
Optionally, the gradient annealing device further comprises an upper box body, a lower box body and a tension roller set;
the upper box body and the lower box body are connected to form a closed cavity;
the tension roller set is arranged at the inlet of the closed cavity.
Optionally, the tension roller set includes a first tension roller, a second tension roller, and a third tension roller;
The first tension roller and the second tension roller are at the same height, and the third tension roller is positioned below the first tension roller and the second tension roller.
Optionally, the gradient annealing device further comprises a heat dissipation device, wherein the heat dissipation device is arranged above the heating rollers;
The heat dissipation device comprises a heat dissipation box body, a plurality of cooling motors and a plurality of fans, wherein grid-shaped heat dissipation holes are formed in the heat dissipation box body;
The cooling motors are arranged on the radiating box body;
the fans are arranged inside the heat dissipation box body;
each of the cooling motors is connected to one of the fans.
Optionally, the gradient annealing device further comprises a protective gas tank and at least one nozzle, wherein the protective gas tank and the at least one nozzle are both arranged on the upper box body, and the at least one nozzle is connected with the protective gas tank.
Optionally, the side stress grading regulation device further comprises a main box body, an upper pressing plate, a lower pressing plate and two telescopic link mechanisms;
The main box body is a U-shaped frame formed by a bottom plate and two side plates;
the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate are arranged between the two side plates, and each side plate is provided with an inlet and an outlet through which the strip passes;
each telescopic link mechanism comprises a plurality of telescopic link pairs, a guide plate, a ball screw seat, a ball screw and a driving motor;
the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate are connected with each telescopic connecting rod pair, and each telescopic connecting rod pair is also connected with the guide plate;
the guide plate is also connected with the first end of the ball screw seat, the second end of the ball screw seat is connected with the first end of the ball screw, and the second end of the ball screw is connected with the driving motor.
Optionally, each edge pressing roller comprises a flange seat, a shaft, rollers and a set screw, wherein the rollers are fixed on the upper pressing plate or the lower pressing plate through the flange seat, the flange seat is sleeved on the outer side of the shaft, the upper end of the flange seat and the shaft are respectively provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded holes lock the shaft through assembling the set screw so as to fix the angle of the edge pressing rollers.
Optionally, the edge stress grading regulation device further comprises a plurality of first heat preservation boxes arranged on the upper pressing plate and a plurality of second heat preservation boxes arranged on the lower pressing plate, and one first heat preservation box and one second heat preservation box are arranged between two adjacent edge pressing roller sets.
Compared with the prior art, the post-processing equipment for the rolled strip has the beneficial effects that the non-uniform gradient heating is realized through the magnetic induction coil of the heating roller in the gradient annealing device, the graded stress application is carried out on the rolled strip by adopting the edge pressing roller which is provided with the edge stress graded regulating device in an angle grading manner, a compound regulating mechanism with coordinated heat release binding force is constructed, the residual stress difference between the edge and the center of the strip is accurately aimed, the uniformity defect of the traditional annealing is overcome, the stress residual problem of mechanical straightening is also compensated, the warping defect is radically reduced, and the flatness and the processing stability of the strip are improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a post-processing apparatus for rolled strip provided in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a strip processing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a gradient annealing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a heating roller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heating roller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an edge stress grading control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing angles between a plurality of edge rollers and a moving direction of a strip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat dissipating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a blank holder roller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a blank holder roller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the device comprises a 1-gradient annealing device, a 2-side stress grading regulation device, a 11-heating roller, a 111-magnetic induction coil, a 112-supporting roller core, a 113-inner roller sleeve, a 114-outer roller sleeve, a 115-end cover, a 116-heating roller cavity, a 12-temperature acquisition device, a 121-sensor base, a 122-temperature sensor, a 13-upper box body, a 14-lower box body, a 15-tension roller set, a 151-first tension roller, a 152-second tension roller, a 153-third tension roller, a 16-heat dissipation device, a 161-heat dissipation box body, a 162-cooling motor, a 163-fan, a 17-protective air tank, a 18-nozzle, a 21-blank pressing roller set, a 211-first blank pressing roller, a 212-second blank pressing roller, a 213-third blank pressing roller, a 214-fourth blank pressing roller, a 215-flange seat, a 216-rod shaft, a 217-roller, a 218-set screw, a 219-threaded hole, a 22-main box body, a 221-bottom plate, a 222-first side plate, a 23-second guide plate, a 24-second guide plate, a 25-guide roller, a pair roller and a roller, and a pair of rollers.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly describe the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, in the embodiments of the present invention, the words "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish the same item or similar items having substantially the same function and effect. For example, the first threshold and the second threshold are merely for distinguishing between different thresholds, and are not limited in order. It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the words "first," "second," and the like do not limit the amount and order of execution, and that the words "first," "second," and the like do not necessarily differ.
In the present invention, the words "exemplary" or "such as" are used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete fashion.
In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or", describes an association relationship of the association object, indicating that three relationships may exist.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides post-processing equipment of a rolled strip, which can comprise a gradient annealing device 1 and an edge stress grading control device 2, wherein the outlet end of the gradient annealing device 1 is connected with the inlet end of the edge stress grading control device 2;
The gradient annealing device 1 comprises a plurality of heating roller groups, wherein the heating roller groups are distributed at equal intervals along the moving direction of the strip, as shown in fig. 3, each heating roller group comprises two heating rollers 11, and the two heating rollers respectively heat the upper surface and the lower surface of the rolled strip, so that the upper surface and the lower surface of the rolled strip can be uniformly annealed;
referring to fig. 6, the edge stress classification regulating device 2 at least comprises a plurality of edge pressing roller sets 21 arranged along the moving direction of the strip, wherein each edge pressing roller set 21 comprises four edge pressing rollers, or each edge pressing roller set comprises a first edge pressing roller 211, a second edge pressing roller 212, a third edge pressing roller 213 and a fourth edge pressing roller 214, wherein the first edge pressing roller 211 and the second edge pressing roller 212 are symmetrically arranged along the central line of the width direction of the strip, the third edge pressing roller 213 and the fourth edge pressing roller 214 are symmetrically arranged along the central line of the width direction of the strip, the first edge pressing roller 211 and the third edge pressing roller 213 are vertically symmetrically arranged along the thickness direction of the strip, and the second edge pressing roller 212 and the fourth edge pressing roller 214 are vertically symmetrically arranged along the thickness direction of the strip;
Referring to fig. 7, the angle between each edge roller set and the width direction of the strip decreases stepwise along the direction of strip movement. It will be appreciated that along the width direction of the strip, the four angles between the axial direction of the four edge rollers in each edge roller set and the width direction of the strip are the same, for example, in fig. 7, the angles between the axial direction of each edge roller in the first (first stage in fig. 7) edge roller set and the width direction of the strip are 15 0, the angles between the axial direction of each edge roller in the second (second stage in fig. 7) edge roller set and the width direction of the strip are 10 0, the angles between the axial direction of each edge roller in the third (third stage in fig. 7) edge roller set and the width direction of the strip are 5 0, and the angles between the external normal line of each edge roller in the fourth (fourth stage in fig. 7) edge roller set and the moving direction of the strip are 0 0.
It will be appreciated that in the field of web processing, the width direction is a colloquially known term referring to the transverse dimension perpendicular to the direction of web travel (i.e., the length direction), for example, the direction of travel of the web as it travels is the length direction (i.e., the direction of web travel), the horizontal direction perpendicular to the direction of travel is the width direction, and the direction perpendicular to the plane of the web is the thickness direction. The center line in the width direction means an imaginary straight line bisecting the width of the strip in the width direction of the strip, the imaginary straight line being parallel to the longitudinal direction and having equal distances to the edges on the left and right sides of the strip.
The included angle between each edge pressing roller set and the width direction of the strip can be said to be an acute included angle between the axial direction of any one edge pressing roller in each edge pressing roller set and the width direction of the strip, or the included angle between each edge pressing roller set and the moving direction of the strip can be said to be an acute included angle between the external normal line of any one edge pressing roller in each edge pressing roller set and the moving direction of the strip, and the included angles in the two cases are the same.
The edge of the rolled strip is a free surface, and the transverse stress is relaxedBut the residual tensile stress is generated due to the temperature difference between the edge temperature and the middle temperature of the strip。
During the process of the strip passing through the edge rollers (e.g., the first edge roller 211), the axial rotation of the first edge roller 211 provides a stress to the strip in the direction of movement of the rollerThe stress can be divided into rolling direction stressTransverse stress,The direction of the strip is directed to effectively balance part of residual tensile stress, and the formula is as follows:
(1)
In the case of the formula (1), To regulate and control the transverse residual stress of the front edge part; The lateral stress of the edge is regulated and controlled; is the actual transverse residual stress after regulation.
The method is characterized in that the residual tensile stress of the edge is reduced step by step through the graded regulation and control of the edge pressing roller sets at a plurality of different angles along the moving direction of the strip, the distribution of the edge stress is optimized through reasonably controlling the transverse compressive stress, and attention is paid to the fact that the regulation and control amount of the transverse compressive stress is reasonably controlled according to reality so as to prevent the residual tensile stress from being converted into the residual compressive stress and influence the surface quality of the strip.
The beneficial effects of the implementation are analyzed as follows:
The gradient annealing device is arranged in the post-processing equipment of the first rolled strip and has the advantages that 1) the two heating roller sets are vertically symmetrically arranged, the overall heating uniformity of the rolled strip is ensured by the two heating roller sets which are vertically symmetrical, the problem of one-knife cutting in traditional annealing is avoided, meanwhile, uneven stress distribution is eliminated through local temperature difference, 2) the magnetic induction coil density of each heating roller is decreased from side part to middle part, namely, the magnetic induction coil density is high at side part and low at middle part, the heating power of the side part is higher, the temperature of the side part of the strip is higher than that of the center region, the thermal expansion of the side part material is more obvious by utilizing the temperature gradient, the residual stress of the side part is released in a targeted manner (because the side part is usually subjected to larger tensile stress during rolling), and compared with the traditional integral annealing, the stress difference between the side part and the center can be accurately regulated, and the defects such as side waves are reduced.
The second post-processing equipment of the rolled strip is provided with edge stress grading regulation and control devices, two edge pressing roller sets are symmetrically distributed along the width central line of the strip, the included angles between the axial direction and the width direction of the strip of each roller set are gradually reduced in the moving direction of the strip, and the device has the advantages that 1) grading mechanical stress is applied, the included angles are gradually reduced, the compressive stress of the roller set on the edge of the strip is gradually reduced in the moving direction, a progressive stress release process is simulated, 2) edge plastic deformation coordination is realized, the edge material is subjected to controllable plastic deformation through the application of compressive stress of different degrees on the edge of the multistage rollers, the accumulated tensile stress during rolling is counteracted, meanwhile, material damage caused by excessive pressing of a single roller is avoided, and 3) stress and geometric coordination correction are realized, wherein the mechanical compressive stress further promotes the release of edge residual stress by combining a temperature field after gradient annealing, and the thermal-mechanical coupling double regulation and control are realized. In general, compared with traditional mechanical straightening, the method not only corrects geometric forms, but also eliminates internal residual stress through graded stress application, and reduces defect recurrence risk.
Thirdly, the gradient annealing device is combined with the edge stress grading regulation device, so that a thermal-force coupling regulation flow is realized, firstly gradient annealing pretreatment is performed, namely edge concentrated stress is released through a temperature gradient, the hardness and stress level of materials are reduced, and then grading mechanical straightening is performed, namely on the basis of thermal annealing, the stress states of the edge and the center are further coordinated by utilizing the angle gradient of the edge pressing roller, so that the accurate matching of residual stress is realized. The gradient annealing device combined with the edge stress grading regulation device has the advantages that 1) the traditional method only depends on heat regulation or force regulation singly, the regulation mode of heat-force cooperation is designed, the problem of non-uniform stress is solved from the two dimensions of stress release and stress reconstruction, and 2) the regulation process is more attached to the stress distribution characteristics of the strip by the two-dimensional gradient design (temperature gradient and angle gradient), so that the pertinence and the effectiveness of treating the defects in the prior art are improved.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention constructs a composite regulation and control mechanism of 'heat release + force coordination' by non-uniform gradient annealing, gradient heating and graded stress application of the edge pressing roller, and accurately aims at the residual stress difference between the edge and the center of the strip, thereby overcoming the uniformity defect of the traditional annealing, compensating the stress residual problem of mechanical straightening, reducing the warping defect from the root and improving the flatness and the processing stability of the strip.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, each heating roller 11 further includes a support roller core 112, an inner roller sleeve 113, an outer roller sleeve 114, and two end caps 115;
the supporting roller core 112 is positioned at the center of the roller body of the heating roller 11, and the supporting roller core 112 is made of insulating materials such as ceramics;
the inner roller sleeve 113 is sleeved outside the supporting roller core 112, the outer roller sleeve 114 is sleeved outside the inner roller sleeve 113, and a heating roller cavity 116 is formed between the inner roller sleeve 113 and the outer roller sleeve 114;
the magnetic induction coil 111 is wound on the outer surface of the inner roller sleeve 113, and high-frequency alternating current is introduced into the two ends of the magnetic induction coil 111;
two end caps 115 are respectively fixed to both ends of the roller body of the heating roller 11.
Further, the inner roller sleeve 113 and the outer roller sleeve 114 are made of metal, the metal surface of the inner roller sleeve 113 provides a support carrier for the magnetic induction coil, and a heating roller cavity 116 between the inner roller sleeve 113 and the outer roller sleeve 114 can be filled with heat conducting medium to optimize heat conducting efficiency. The heat conducting medium can fill the coil gaps through convection or heat conduction, and can diffuse local concentrated heat to the surface of the whole roller sleeve, so that the hot spot phenomenon is reduced, and the outer roller sleeve is ensured to be more uniformly distributed along the axial temperature. The heat conducting medium (such as insulating oil) has insulativity and heat dissipation, can prevent the coil from aging or shorting at high temperature, and simultaneously takes away joule heat generated by self resistance of the coil, so that overheat damage of the coil is avoided (the coil is easy to cause the failure of an insulating layer of an enameled wire at high temperature for a long time), after the heat conducting medium is filled, the magnetic induction coil is fixed in a cavity between the inner roller sleeve and the outer roller sleeve, the relative movement of the coil and the roller sleeve during high-speed rotation is reduced, and the abrasion risk is reduced.
Optionally, the heat-conducting medium in the heating roller cavity 116 may be heat-conducting oil or high-heat-conducting insulating silicone grease, and compared with air, the two heat-conducting mediums can greatly reduce the heat resistance, so that the heat of the inner roller sleeve is quickly conducted to the outer roller sleeve, and the overall heat response speed is improved.
The two ends of the magnetic induction coil 111 are fed with high-frequency alternating current, the metal inner roller sleeve is heated by the Joule heat effect generated by eddy current flowing through the conductor, the denser coil winding part has more remarkable heating effect, the temperature of the roller surface is gradually decreased from the edge part to the middle part, and the residual stress concentration caused by rapid temperature drop of the edge part of the rolled strip is compensated.
In this embodiment, the heating roller generates heat by electromagnetic induction effect, and combines magnetic induction coil density gradient distribution to realize differential heating of the edge and the central area of the strip, and the specific principle is as follows: firstly, an electromagnetic induction heating mechanism is adopted, namely a magnetic induction coil is electrified with high-frequency alternating current, an alternating electromagnetic field is generated, eddy currents are induced in the inner roller sleeve and the outer roller sleeve (made of metal materials), the roller body is heated by eddy current heat generation, and the surface of the strip is heated by heat conduction. 2. Gradient heating is realized, wherein the density of the magnetic induction coils is gradually decreased from the edge part to the middle part of the heating roller (the number of turns of the edge coil is more and the number of turns of the middle part is less), the intensity of an alternating electromagnetic field is higher, the induced vortex is stronger, the heat generation amount is larger, the density of the middle coil is lower, the heat generation amount is less, the surface of the heating roller forms gradient distribution with high edge temperature and low middle temperature, and when the strip is contacted (rolled), the edge part of the strip absorbs more heat, and the heat in the center area is relatively less, so that non-uniform heating is realized. 3. The upper and lower symmetrical heating roller sets synchronously apply gradient heat, the upper and lower surfaces of the strip form temperature gradients in corresponding areas, thermal deformation caused by single-side heating is avoided, and symmetry and uniformity of edge stress release are enhanced to compensate residual stress concentration caused by rapid temperature drop of the edge of the strip after rolling. A further understanding can be obtained in connection with the following specific formula (2):
(2)
Wherein, the Poisson's ratio of the material being the strip; is the thermal expansion coefficient; The modulus of elasticity of the material that is the tape; Is a thermal stress term (temperature difference between the edge and the middle); Is the stress in the rolling direction; Is transverse stress; Is stress in the thickness direction. The edges of the strip being free surfaces, transverse stress relaxation However, residual tensile stress may be generated due to the difference between the temperature of the edge and the temperature of the middle of the stripThe larger the temperature difference is, the more easily the residual stress at the edge is concentrated, the temperature drop at the edge of the strip is compensated by the magnetic induction coils with different coil densities in the heating roller, the release of the residual stress at the edge is promoted, and the phenomena of edge waves, warping and the like of the strip after rolling can be effectively improved.
The heating roller in this embodiment is structurally characterized by 1) a multi-layered nested roller design (back-up core + inner sleeve + outer sleeve). The support roller core provides mechanical strength support to prevent the roller body from deforming due to heating expansion or external force, the inner roller sleeve and the outer roller sleeve form an independent heating cavity to isolate the magnetic induction coil in the cavity to prevent short circuit or abrasion caused by direct contact of the coil and a strip, and meanwhile, the metal roller sleeve uniformly conducts heat, the end cover is sealed to fix the roller body structure to prevent dust and impurities from entering the cavity to influence the performance of the coil, and the reliability of equipment is improved. 2) The external layout of the magnetic induction coils (wound on the outer surface of the inner roller sleeve) is that the coils are not embedded into the roller body, the outer roller sleeve can be directly disassembled for replacement during maintenance, the maintenance cost is reduced, the temperature gradient amplitude can be flexibly changed by adjusting the turn ratio of the coils at the edge part and the middle part, and the stress regulation and control requirements of strips with different specifications are adapted. 3) The eddy current excited by the high-frequency current is concentrated on the surface layer (skin effect) of the roller sleeve, the heating response speed is high, and the heating value can be controlled in real time by adjusting the frequency or intensity of the current, so that the dynamic temperature adjustment is realized. 4) The supporting roller core is made of non-metal materials such as ceramics, plays a supporting role and prevents potential safety hazards caused by current flowing through the box body when the power is on.
The traditional heating roller is a resistance heating roller, the heating is uniform, and compared with the traditional heating roller, 1) the traditional annealing is uniform, and stress concentration at the edge can not be solved. 2) The traditional heating equipment is complex in structure and difficult to maintain, and the roller body is not required to be replaced integrally in the multilayer nested modular design (supporting roller cores, inner/outer roller sleeves and end covers), detachable parts and coil maintenance of the embodiment. 3) The traditional heating roller has low heating temperature control precision, the high-frequency alternating current driving coil of the embodiment has adjustable temperature distribution, realizes quantized control of temperature gradient and high control precision, 4) the traditional heating roller has low heating efficiency and high energy consumption, and the electromagnetic induction heating of the embodiment directly acts on a metal roller sleeve and has the heat conversion efficiency of more than 90 percent (the traditional resistance heating is about 60-70 percent).
From the above, the heating roller structure in this embodiment systematically solves the shortcomings of the traditional annealing process in terms of stress regulation accuracy, equipment maintenance and energy consumption efficiency by combining the gradient heating design and the modularized mechanical structure, and improves the post-processing precision of the metal strip.
Optionally, referring to FIG. 8, the gradient annealing device further comprises a plurality of temperature collecting devices 12, each temperature collecting device 12 is connected to one heating roller 11, the temperature collecting device 12 comprises a sensor base 121 and at least three temperature sensors 122 fixed on the sensor base 121, for example, the three temperature sensors 122 are uniformly distributed.
For example, as shown in fig. 8, each heating roller 11 is connected to three temperature sensors 122, the three temperature sensors 122 are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the heating roller, the temperature sensors 122 at both ends are used for collecting the temperatures at both ends of the heating roller 11, and the temperature sensor 122 in the middle is used for collecting the temperature at the middle part of the heating roller. The temperature sensor 122 is not generally in direct contact with the surface of the heating roller when being arranged, the surface temperature is high, the sensor is easily burnt out directly exceeding a threshold value, the head of the sensor is spaced apart from the surface by about 1mm, and the approximate temperature is measured.
Conventional annealers are typically configured with only 1-2 temperature sensors, in most cases single point monitoring (e.g., only 1 sensor in the middle of the heated roll or near a fixed location of the heating source), a few scenes may have 1 (2 total) at each end, but with low distribution density and lack of regularity. The sensor setting mode has the advantages that the monitoring range is limited, the control precision is low, the fault tolerance capability is weak, the three temperature sensors which are uniformly distributed are adopted in the embodiment, the two ends and the middle of the heating roller are respectively provided with 1 temperature sensor, a basic monitoring network of two ends and a middle point is formed, key information that 1) axial temperature gradient is directly captured, whether middle overheat, supercooling at two ends or abnormality (such as edge effect which is difficult to find by a traditional device) of the heating roller is judged by comparing the two ends with the middle sensor data, 2) symmetry verification is carried out, if the difference of the two end sensor data exceeds a threshold value, the problem of faults or uneven heat dissipation of heating elements at the left side and the right side of the heating roller (such deviation cannot be located by the traditional single point scheme) can be rapidly identified, for example, the length of the heating roller is 1 meter, the traditional single point monitoring error can reach +/-5 ℃ (only the middle point is unknown at two ends), the three points are uniformly distributed, the overall temperature monitoring error can be controlled within +/-2 ℃, and the gradient can be directly quantized (such as the middle point is 200 ℃ -220 ℃ at the middle point, and the gradient is 210 ℃ at the middle point is high at the right side and the right side). The second sensor and the third sensor form a minimum redundant network, and when any 1 fails, the rest 2 data can still support the system to operate (for example, only the midpoint temperature is estimated by using the data of two ends, or only the midpoint and one end data are used for judging gradient trend), so that the shutdown risk caused by the traditional single-point fault is avoided. The third sensor and the third sensor can divide the heating roller into three left-middle-right control areas, the system independently adjusts the heating power of the corresponding position according to real-time data of each area, hysteresis of global one-cut of the traditional scheme is avoided, for example, when the left-end sensor detects that the temperature is lower than the set value of 20 ℃, the system only enhances the power of the left-end heating element, the middle part and the right end maintain original parameters, and the response time is shortened by more than 50% compared with that of the traditional scheme (without waiting for temperature conduction to be adjusted to the middle point). Fourth, by comparing the difference values of the data of the three sensors (for example, the temperature difference between two ends is less than 5 ℃ under normal conditions, if the temperature difference is suddenly increased to 15 ℃), the temperature difference can directly point to the heating element fault, the heat conduction disorder (for example, scaling) or the poor contact of the sensors in the corresponding area, and the maintenance efficiency is improved by more than 70% (the traditional scheme needs to be checked section by section). Fifth, gradient annealing requires that the material surface form a specific temperature gradient (such as temperature increment along the running direction), and three sensors can directly verify whether the design gradient is realized (such as left end 200 ℃ to middle point 250 ℃ to right end 300 ℃ and error + -3 ℃), while the traditional single-point scheme can not provide gradient data and can only rely on empirical adjustment.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2, the gradient annealing device 1 further includes an upper box 13, a lower box 14, and a tension roller set 15;
the upper box body 13 and the lower box body 14 are connected to form a closed cavity;
the tension roller set 15 is arranged at the inlet of the closed cavity, and the tension roller set 15 is used for tensioning the rolled strip entering the gradient annealing device.
In this embodiment, the tension roller set is disposed at the entrance of the closed cavity to tension the rolled strip entering the gradient annealing device, because when the rolled strip enters the heating roller in a non-tensioned state, relaxation, sagging or partial stacking may occur due to dead weight or uneven friction force of the roller body, for example, the strip in the wrinkled region is insufficiently contacted with the heating roller, so that local temperature abnormality (such as insufficient heating or overheating) occurs, regional differences occur in properties (such as hardness and flatness) of the annealed material, lateral deflection (such as deviation) may occur in the rolled strip without tension control, and the rolled strip may deviate from the effective range of the heating roller, resulting in failure of the annealing process to completely cover the surface of the strip, even causing equipment scratch, tear and other faults.
The tension roller set has the advantages of providing constant tension force for the rolled strip, ensuring that the strip keeps a linear motion track, avoiding offset, wrinkling or stacking, enabling the strip to be closely attached to the heating roller, guaranteeing heat conduction efficiency and temperature distribution uniformity, and realizing accurate matching of annealing time and temperature gradient by matching with a speed control system. The design of the tension roller set in the embodiment aims at the quality fluctuation problem caused by out-of-control tension in the traditional annealing device, lays a foundation for the subsequent gradient annealing process through a pretensioning mechanism, and is particularly suitable for high-end materials with high requirements on flatness and performance uniformity.
Further, referring to fig. 3, the tension roller set 15 may include a first tension roller 151, a second tension roller 152, and a third tension roller 153, the first tension roller 151 and the second tension roller 152 being horizontally equidistant, the third tension roller 153 being positioned below the first tension roller 151 and the second tension roller 152 in a vertical direction, and the third tension roller 153 being positioned between the first tension roller 151 and the second tension roller 152 in a horizontal direction. The three tension rollers act together to tension the strip and adjust the height of the inlet of the strip, so that the subsequent regulation and control of the side stress are facilitated.
The three tension rollers have the advantages that 1) the first tension roller and the second tension roller are horizontally equal in height, uniform initial tension can be provided in the transverse direction of the strip, the strip is guaranteed to be stressed uniformly in the width direction, the situation of deviation, wrinkling and the like is avoided, the third tension roller is located below and matched with the first tension roller and the second tension roller, tension can be applied to the strip in the vertical direction, the strip is acted together in two dimensions, the overall tension force of the strip is stable, for example, when wider metal strips are processed, the edge wrinkling of the strip can be prevented due to the fact that the transverse uniform stress, sagging of the strip can be avoided due to the fact that the tension in the vertical direction is formed, and a specific strip running path is formed by the layout, and the strip can be effectively guided to enter the follow-up heating rollers and other parts smoothly. The strip shuttles among the three tension rollers, the running track is restrained, the possibility of shaking and shifting of the strip is reduced, the strip is ensured to accurately enter an annealing area, the consistency of annealing quality is improved, for example, on a continuous annealing production line, the stable running track can ensure that the strip can be heated uniformly in the whole annealing process, and 3) the tension of the strip can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the parameters such as the spacing between the three tension rollers, the rotating speed and the like. For example, when processing strips with different thickness and materials, the arrangement of the tension rollers can be changed in a targeted manner to meet the requirements of different strips on the tension, the tension can be properly reduced for thinner and easily deformed foils, the tension can be increased for thicker and rigid strips, the adjustability enhances the adaptability of the device to different strips, and 4) the layout of the three tension rollers is relatively compact, occupies smaller space of the device, is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the whole device, and has good structural stability. In the operation process, the mutual matched layout can effectively disperse acting force generated by strip tension, reduce the stress load of single parts and prolong the service life of equipment.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 3, the gradient annealing device 1 further includes a heat dissipating device 16, the heat dissipating device 16 is disposed above the plurality of heating rollers 11, referring to fig. 9, the heat dissipating device 16 includes a heat dissipating case 161, a plurality of cooling motors 162, and a plurality of fans 163, the heat dissipating case 161 is provided with grid-shaped heat dissipating holes, the plurality of cooling motors 162 are disposed on the heat dissipating case 161, the plurality of fans 163 are all installed inside the heat dissipating case 161, and each cooling motor 162 is connected with one fan 163 or directly connected.
The temperature sensor sends detected temperature information to a controller in post-processing equipment of the rolled strip, and when the temperature information represents that the temperatures of two ends of the heating roller exceed a set threshold value, the controller controls the fan to discharge heat on the surface of the roller through the heat radiating holes, so that the temperature of the surface of the roller is reduced. The controller may be provided at a certain portion of the upper case 13.
Optionally, referring to fig. 3, the gradient annealing device 1 further includes a protective gas tank 17 and at least one nozzle 18, where the protective gas tank 17 and the at least one nozzle 18 are both disposed on the upper case 13, and the at least one nozzle 18 is connected to the protective gas tank 17. The protective gas tank 17 introduces protective gas into a closed cavity formed by the upper box 13 and the lower box 14 through the spray head 18, and the protective gas adopts inert gas such as argon gas and the like to prevent the strip from being oxidized in the annealing process.
Alternatively, referring to FIG. 6, the edge stress grading regulation device 2 comprises a main box 22, an upper pressing plate 23, a lower pressing plate 24 and two telescopic link mechanisms, wherein for each edge pressing roller set 21, a first edge pressing roller 211 and a second edge pressing roller 212 are arranged on the upper pressing plate 23, and a third edge pressing roller 213 and a fourth edge pressing roller 214 are arranged on the lower pressing plate 24;
the main box 22 is a U-shaped frame composed of a bottom plate 221 and two side plates, wherein the two side plates are a first side plate 222 and a second side plate 223 which are sequentially arranged along the moving direction of the strip as shown in fig. 6, and each side plate is provided with an inlet through which the strip passes, for example, the first side plate 222 is provided with a strip inlet, the second side plate 223 is provided with a strip outlet, and the strip inlet and the strip outlet are horizontally equal;
The upper pressing plate 23 and the lower pressing plate 24 are arranged between the two side plates, and the upper pressing plate 23 and the lower pressing plate 24 are parallel to the bottom plate 221;
the two telescopic link mechanisms are symmetrically distributed along the central line of the width direction of the strip, and each telescopic link mechanism is connected with the upper pressing plate 23 and the lower pressing plate 24 and is used for driving the upper pressing plate 23 and the lower pressing plate 24 to squeeze the rolled strip;
each telescopic link mechanism comprises a plurality of telescopic link pairs 25, a guide plate 26, a ball screw seat 27, a ball screw 28 and a driving motor 29, wherein the number of the telescopic link pairs is the same as that of the plurality of edge pressing roller groups;
Specifically, each telescopic link pair 25 comprises a first link 251 and a second link 252, wherein a first end of the first link 251 is connected with the upper press plate 23, a second end of the first link 251 is connected with the guide plate 26, a first end of the second link 252 is connected with the lower press plate 24, a second end of the second link 252 is connected with the guide plate 26, and the first link 251 and the second link 252 are symmetrically distributed up and down along the thickness direction of the strip;
the guide plate 26 is also connected with a first end of a ball screw seat 27, a second end of the ball screw seat 27 is connected with a first end of a ball screw 28, a second end of the ball screw 28 is connected with a driving motor 29, and the driving motor 29 drives the guide plate 26 to transversely move through the ball screw 28 so as to drive an upper pressing plate and a lower pressing plate to press the belt materials.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, each edge roller comprises a flange seat 215, a rod shaft 216, a roller 217 and a set screw 218, wherein the roller 217 is fixed on an upper pressing plate or a lower pressing plate through the flange seat 215, the flange seat 215 is sleeved on the outer side of the rod shaft 216, the upper end of the flange seat 215 and the rod shaft 216 are respectively provided with a threaded hole 219, and the threaded holes 219 lock the rod shaft 216 through the set screw 218 so as to realize the angle fixation of the edge roller.
Optionally, referring to fig. 6, the edge stress grading adjustment device 2 may further include a plurality of first heat preservation boxes disposed on the upper pressing plate and a plurality of second heat preservation boxes 241 disposed on the lower pressing plate, where a first heat preservation box and a second heat preservation box 241 are disposed between two adjacent edge pressing roller sets. The first heat preservation box and the second heat preservation box are uniformly heated through the built-in heating wires, heat preservation is realized on the strip, and the influence on regulation and control of residual stress at the edge caused by rapid temperature drop after gradient annealing of the strip is prevented.
The post-processing equipment for the rolled strip provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a gradient annealing device and an edge stress grading regulation device. The gradient annealing device comprises an upper box body and a lower box body which form a closed cavity, an inlet strip is tensioned through a tension roller set, the strip is annealed through a plurality of heating rollers which are symmetrically distributed up and down along the axial direction, the temperature gradient difference formed by a magnetic induction coil of the heating rollers compensates the temperature drop of the edge of the strip so as to primarily cover the residual stress concentration of the edge of the strip after rolling, protective gas is injected into the cavity through a nozzle to prevent the strip from being oxidized at a high temperature, the surface temperature of the roller is monitored in real time through a temperature sensor, and if the surface temperature exceeds a set threshold value, a controller in the gradient annealing device starts a cooling fan to realize the surface temperature drop of the roller.
The side stress grading regulation and control module at least comprises an insulation box, an upper pressing plate and a lower pressing plate, wherein a plurality of pairs of telescopic connecting rods are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate, a driving motor is used for driving and pressing strips, side pressing rollers are symmetrically arranged in the inner sides of the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate, the angles of the side pressing rollers are graded from 15 degrees to 0 degree, transverse compressive stress is applied to the sides in the moving process of the strips, residual stress is released step by step, annealing temperature is maintained through the insulation box in the stress regulation and control process, and the phenomenon of side waves and warping of the edges of the strips caused by residual tensile stress is relieved. The device of the invention improves the defects of edge waves, edge warping and the like caused by residual stress concentration of the rolled strip in a continuous production process through the collaborative design of the gradient annealing of the strip and the graded regulation and control of the edge stress, and improves the surface quality and the forming stability of the strip after rail lift.
Although the invention is described herein in connection with various embodiments, other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit may fulfill the functions of several items recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.
Although the invention has been described in connection with specific features and embodiments thereof, it will be apparent that various modifications and combinations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the present invention as defined in the appended claims and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents that fall within the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
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| US9896369B2 (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2018-02-20 | Glasstech, Inc. | Glass sheet forming and annealing providing edge stress control |
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