CN120454755B - Automatically adaptable multi-system frequency hopping step tracking receiving device and method - Google Patents
Automatically adaptable multi-system frequency hopping step tracking receiving device and methodInfo
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- CN120454755B CN120454755B CN202510957128.5A CN202510957128A CN120454755B CN 120454755 B CN120454755 B CN 120454755B CN 202510957128 A CN202510957128 A CN 202510957128A CN 120454755 B CN120454755 B CN 120454755B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and relates to an automatic adaptive multi-system frequency hopping stepping tracking receiving device and method, wherein a dynamic bandwidth self-adaptive module automatically switches bandwidth states through short-time energy detection; the adaptive AGC loop comprises a digital detection receiver and an intermediate frequency receiving unit, and is used for carrying out mixed gain control on a phase synchronous signal, the intermediate frequency receiving unit is used for roughly adjusting gain and outputting a digital signal, the digital detection receiver carries out amplitude envelope detection on the digital signal, calculates a digital AGC voltage, feeds the digital AGC voltage back to the intermediate frequency receiving unit to form an analog-digital mixed closed loop, outputs a modulation signal and simultaneously outputs the AGC voltage to complete amplitude self-tracking of a target signal, and the adaptive problems of automatic tracking of various related modulation signals and multi-system frequency hopping step tracking in an antenna tracking system are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, and particularly discloses an automatic adaptive multi-system frequency hopping stepping tracking receiving device and method.
Background
The receiver needs to adapt to the dynamic signal in the digital domain, an AGC design is adopted in the digital domain, the AGC controls the coherent frequency conversion result sent by the carrier phase-locked loop, and after the carrier phase-locked loop locks the signal, the coherent frequency conversion result can reflect the partial power of the signal, so that the control of the signal power is realized, and the signal power is controlled at a fixed level. The high-precision AGC loop based on the amplitude tracking technology actually tracks the amplitude of an input signal by using the 'quantity' in the loop, and gain coefficients are obtained by using the ratio of the obtained amplitude to an expected threshold after the amplitude tracking is realized, so that the normalization of the signal is realized. The method thoroughly solves the problem of the linear system of the AGC loop and realizes high-precision normalization control of signal power. After the standard TT & C and the channel receiver finish frequency guiding and carrier capturing tracking, the carrier loop output signal is detected, and the tracking AGC voltage is output by matching with the AGC loop. However, the existing foundation can only carry out tracking demodulation on continuous signals, if the received signals are frequency hopping modulation signals, the situation that tracking demodulation cannot be completed can occur, and meanwhile, the situation that self-adapting to different frequency hopping modulation signals is more difficult.
In view of the above, the present invention provides an apparatus and a method for automatically adapting to multi-system frequency hopping step tracking, which solve the problems of automatic tracking of multiple modulation signals and self-adapting to multi-system frequency hopping step tracking in an antenna tracking system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic adaptive multi-system frequency hopping step tracking receiving device which comprises a dynamic bandwidth self-adaptive module, a frequency hopping synchronous tracking module and an adaptive AGC loop, wherein the dynamic bandwidth self-adaptive module automatically switches bandwidth states through short-time energy detection, intercepts central bandwidth with concentrated signal energy and outputs a bandwidth adaptive signal, the frequency hopping synchronous tracking module searches the bandwidth adaptive signal according to a preset frequency list for frequency hopping signals and performs frequency tracking on captured frequencies to obtain a phase synchronous signal, the adaptive AGC loop comprises a digital detection receiver and an intermediate frequency receiving unit and is used for performing mixed gain control on the phase synchronous signal, the intermediate frequency receiving unit is used for coarse tuning gain and outputting a digital signal, the digital detection receiver performs amplitude envelope detection on the digital signal, calculates digital AGC voltage, feeds the digital AGC voltage back to the intermediate frequency receiving unit, forms an analog-digital mixed closed loop, outputs a modulating signal and simultaneously outputs voltage matching to complete amplitude self-tracking of a target signal.
The digital detection receiver comprises an automatic gain control unit, a first DSP and a first FPGA, wherein the automatic gain control unit is used for receiving intermediate frequency signals, primarily conditioning amplitude through an analog attenuator and outputting the intermediate frequency signals to an A/D converter, the A/D converter digitizes analog signals under the drive of a clock unit and outputs the analog signals to the first FPGA, the first FPGA realizes an amplitude envelope detection algorithm, calculates signal power and generates an AGC control instruction, outputs analog AGC voltage through a D/A converter and simultaneously transmits demodulated signals to a serial port unit, and the first DSP is used for optimizing detection parameters of the first FPGA and supporting demodulation algorithm switching of multiple modulation signals.
The intermediate frequency receiving unit comprises an AGC intermediate frequency amplifier, a second FPGA and a second DSP, wherein the AGC intermediate frequency amplifier receives intermediate frequency signals, gains are dynamically adjusted through AGC voltage fed back by the D/A converter and output to the automatic gain control module, the second FPGA carries out dynamic bandwidth filtering and power normalization calculation on the digital intermediate frequency signals and outputs the digital intermediate frequency signals to the second DSP and the D/A converter, the second DSP runs a frequency hopping step search algorithm to generate the preset frequency list, a frequency synthesizer is driven by a crystal oscillator, and capturing and tracking of frequency hopping signals are completed in cooperation with the second FPGA.
Further, the modulated signals include global beam pattern hopping signals and spot beam pattern hopping signals.
The invention also provides an automatic adaptive multi-system frequency hopping step tracking receiving method, which comprises the steps of automatically switching bandwidth width according to an input signal system through short-time energy detection of sum-channel signals, intercepting signal center bandwidth, judging effective signals to be gated to an adaptive AGC loop if the short-time energy is larger than or equal to a threshold, discarding signals if the short-time energy is smaller than the threshold, avoiding noise interference gain adjustment, and stabilizing output signal amplitude at a target level through coarse adjustment of an analog front end and fine adjustment of a digital rear end.
Further, the time length of short-time energy detection is 10 mu s, and the frequency hopping rate of the frequency hopping signal is 20000 hops/s.
Further, the bandwidth width comprises a wide bandwidth and a narrow bandwidth, the wide bandwidth is 5MHz and is used for processing strong signals or broadband frequency hopping signals, and the narrow bandwidth is 1MHz and is used for processing weak signals or narrow frequency hopping signals.
Further, the strong signal or the broadband frequency hopping signal comprises a spot beam frequency hopping signal, the weak signal or the narrow frequency hopping signal comprises a global beam frequency hopping signal, and the bandwidth is automatically switched by detecting the signal energy.
Further, when the bandwidth width is a narrow bandwidth, the sum signal is a sigma channel signal of a single pulse tracking system.
Further, the input signal is an intermediate frequency signal, and the center frequency is 70MHz.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
The multi-system frequency hopping step tracking equipment and the method designed by the invention can adapt to frequency hopping signals of a spot beam frequency hopping mode and a global beam frequency hopping mode, and demodulate and output AGC tracking electric signals meeting tracking requirements. Meanwhile, the beacon signal and the broadband modulation signal are also integrated into one module, the integration level is relatively higher, and the volume is greatly reduced on the basis of the original single pulse tracking.
The application overcomes the problem that the prior 'communication-in-motion' antenna system has no tracking on the frequency hopping modulation signal, only tracks the continuous beacon signal and the broadband signal, and if the tracking of the discontinuous frequency hopping signal needs to be satisfied, a single set of frequency hopping tracking receiving equipment is needed for tracking and demodulating.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a digital detection receiver assembly in accordance with the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an exemplary schematic diagram of an intermediate frequency receiving unit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
The invention provides an automatic adaptive multi-system frequency hopping step tracking receiving device, which comprises a dynamic bandwidth self-adaptive module, a frequency hopping synchronous tracking module and a self-adaptive AGC loop.
The dynamic bandwidth self-adaption module automatically switches bandwidth width through short-time energy detection, intercepts central bandwidth in signal energy concentration and outputs bandwidth adaption signals. The short-time energy detection refers to calculating the energy (such as mean square value) of the sum signal in a preset time window of 10 mu s, and is used for judging whether the signal is a valid on-board signal and switching bandwidth. The bandwidth width comprises a wide bandwidth and a narrow bandwidth, the wide bandwidth is 5MHz and is used for processing strong signals or wide frequency hopping signals, and the narrow bandwidth is 1MHz and is used for processing weak signals or narrow frequency hopping signals. The strong signal is a signal in a spot beam frequency hopping mode, the target transmits to a determined range, the energy is concentrated, and the signal strength is high. A wideband frequency-hopping signal refers to a frequency-hopping signal (e.g., a spot beam frequency-hopping signal) that has a wider frequency-hopping interval or a larger signal bandwidth. The weak signal is a signal in a global beam hopping mode, and the target emits in all directions, and has low energy scattering and signal strength. A narrowband frequency-hopped signal refers to a frequency-hopped signal (e.g., a global beam-hopped signal) that has a narrower frequency-hopping interval or a smaller signal bandwidth. The bandwidth adapting signal refers to a signal obtained by intercepting the central bandwidth through a dynamic bandwidth filter, and adapts the intensity and bandwidth characteristics of the current signal (for example, a 70MHz intermediate frequency signal with the bandwidth of 5MHz or 1 MHz). For example, when a spot beam frequency hopping signal (strong signal, broadband) is received, the dynamic bandwidth adaptive module automatically switches to a 5MHz wide bandwidth by detecting and determining that the energy exceeds a threshold value through 10 mu s short-time energy, and intercepts a signal output with a 70MHz center frequency of + -2.5 MHz.
And the frequency hopping synchronous tracking module searches the frequency hopping signal according to a preset frequency list for the bandwidth adapting signal, and performs frequency tracking on the captured frequency to obtain a phase synchronous signal. The preset frequency list refers to a list of frequency points (e.g., candidate frequencies within 70mhz±5 MHz) containing possible occurrence of the frequency hopping signal for step search signal. The preset frequency list may be generated by analyzing a historical frequency hopping pattern, signal characteristics, or external input instructions. Searching for frequency hopping signals according to a preset frequency list specifically adopts a step search algorithm, starts from the initial frequency of the preset frequency list (e.g. 70MHz-5 MHz), detects signal energy of each frequency point one by one (e.g. through FFT conversion) with a fixed step size (e.g. 1 MHz), and captures the frequency when the energy exceeds a threshold value. The captured frequency is subjected to frequency tracking, specifically, carrier phase is locked through a carrier phase-locked loop (PLL), and the local frequency is adjusted in real time by using a Doppler frequency shift prediction model (such as Kalman filtering), so that tracking accuracy is ensured to be less than or equal to 100Hz. The phase synchronization signal refers to a digital intermediate frequency signal with both frequency and phase aligned with the input frequency hopping signal for subsequent coherent demodulation. For example, for global beam hopping signals (weak signals, narrow frequencies), the module outputs bandwidth adaptation signals in a narrow bandwidth of 1MHz, steps the search according to a preset frequency list, captures 70MHz center frequency signals through FFT, locks the phase by PLL, and outputs phase synchronization signals.
The self-adaptive AGC loop comprises a digital detection receiver and an intermediate frequency receiving unit, wherein the digital detection receiver and the intermediate frequency receiving unit are used for carrying out mixed gain control on the phase synchronous signals, the intermediate frequency receiving unit is used for carrying out coarse gain and outputting digital signals, the digital detection receiver carries out amplitude envelope detection on the digital signals, calculates digital AGC voltage, feeds the digital AGC voltage back to the intermediate frequency receiving unit to form an analog-digital mixed closed loop, outputs modulation signals, and simultaneously outputs AGC voltage to complete amplitude self-tracking of target signals in a matched mode. The hybrid gain control refers to a closed loop control mode in which coarse gain of an analog front end (intermediate frequency receiving unit) and fine gain of a digital back end (digital detection receiver) are combined. The coarse gain means that the amplitude of the signal is quickly adjusted through an AGC intermediate frequency amplifier (analog front end), the response time is less than or equal to 1 mu s, and the wide dynamic range (more than or equal to 60 dB) is covered. Amplitude envelope detection refers to rectifying, low-pass filtering and threshold decision on input tracking frequency hopping modulation signals (such as global beam mode frequency hopping signals and spot beam mode frequency hopping signals and other forms of frequency hopping signals) to extract AGC voltage information. AGC voltage refers to an analog voltage signal used to control gain. The AGC voltage refers to an analog voltage signal for controlling the gain, and is generated from a signal power detection result (e.g., a voltage output through a D/a converter). The digital AGC voltage refers to a digital form of gain control parameter generated by digital signal processing (e.g., DSP to calculate the mean square value of signal power). The analog-digital hybrid closed loop refers to that an AGC intermediate frequency amplifier (analog front end) and a digital detection receiver (back end) cooperate through a feedback link to form a closed loop of "analog coarse tuning to digital fine tuning" (e.g., digital AGC voltage is fed back to an analog amplifier to adjust gain). The modulation signal refers to a modulation signal containing target information. Such as OOK modulated signals, frequency hopping signals, etc. In some embodiments, the modulation signal is an OOK modulation signal at 2.176 MHz. An OOK modulated signal refers to a signal that transmits data through carrier on-off (on-off keying), for example, a baseband signal of 2.176 MHz. The target signal refers to the effective signal transmitted by the satellite. Such as spot beam signals, global beam hopping signals, beacon signals, and the like. Amplitude self-tracking refers to dynamically adjusting the gain through an AGC loop to stabilize the output signal amplitude at a preset target level (e.g., 1dB error). For example, the phase synchronization signal enters an intermediate frequency receiving unit, the AGC intermediate frequency amplifier firstly coarsely adjusts gain (for example, amplifies the signal amplitude from-60 dBm to-30 dBm), the digital signal after A/D conversion enters a digital detection receiver, the FPGA calculates power through amplitude envelope detection, digital AGC voltage (for example, control gain +5dB) is generated and fed back to the front end, a mixed closed loop is formed, and a stable 2.176MHz OOK signal is output.
As shown in fig. 1, the digital detection receiver includes an automatic gain control unit, a first DSP, a first FPGA, and an OOK modulation module. The automatic gain control unit is used for receiving the intermediate frequency signal of 70MHz, primarily conditioning the amplitude through the analog attenuator and outputting the amplitude to the A/D converter. The primary conditioning amplitude of the analog attenuator refers to that the amplitude of the input 70MHz intermediate frequency signal is primarily adjusted (e.g. attenuated by 20 dB) through the analog attenuator, so that overload of the A/D converter or too small signal is avoided. The first FPGA realizes an amplitude envelope detection algorithm, calculates signal power and generates an AGC control instruction, outputs analog AGC voltage through the D/A converter, and simultaneously transmits the demodulated signal to a serial port module. The AGC control instruction is a gain adjustment instruction generated by the FPGA according to the signal power calculation result. For example, "gain +3dB" or "gain-5 dB". The analog AGC voltage is used to control the AGC intermediate frequency amplifier by converting a digital AGC command into an analog voltage signal (e.g., 1V corresponds to a certain gain value) through a D/a converter. The first DSP is used for optimizing detection parameters of the first FPGA and supporting demodulation algorithm switching of multiple modulation signals. The detection parameter is a parameter affecting detection performance. The detection parameters may include a threshold B, a low pass filter cut-off frequency, an energy detection time window (10 mus), etc. The OOK modulation module is configured to output an OOK modulation signal (e.g., 2.176MHz modulation signal) to control an LNB (low noise amplifier).
As shown in fig. 2, the intermediate frequency receiving unit includes an AGC intermediate frequency amplifier, a second FPGA, and a second DSP. The AGC intermediate frequency amplifier receives the intermediate frequency signal, dynamically adjusts gain through AGC voltage fed back by the D/A converter, and outputs the gain to the automatic gain control module. And the second FPGA performs dynamic bandwidth filtering and power normalization calculation on the digital intermediate frequency signal and outputs the digital intermediate frequency signal to the second DSP and the D/A converter. Dynamic bandwidth filtering refers to switching the bandwidth of a filter (5 MHz/1 MHz) according to the detection result of signal energy, such as using 1MHz narrow bandwidth filtering on global beam hopping signals (weak signals) to suppress out-of-band noise. The power normalization calculation refers to adjusting the signal amplitude to a uniform level by calculating the root mean square power of the signal. Specifically, the power of the digital intermediate frequency signal is subjected to root mean square, and the root mean square is compared with a target level to generate a gain adjustment parameter. For example, when the root mean square power is below the target level, a "gain+" command is generated. And the second DSP runs a frequency hopping step search algorithm to generate the preset frequency list, and the frequency synthesizer is driven by the crystal oscillator to cooperate with the second FPGA to finish capturing and tracking of frequency hopping signals. The frequency hopping step search algorithm refers to an algorithm for searching frequency hopping signals one by one according to a preset frequency list. Specifically, starting from the lowest frequency of the preset frequency list, signal energy of each frequency point is sequentially detected with a fixed step length (such as 1 MHz) until a signal is captured (such as a frequency point with energy exceeding a threshold is detected).
The invention also provides an automatic adaptive multi-system frequency hopping stepping tracking receiving method, which comprises the steps of automatically switching bandwidth width according to short-time energy detection of the sum-channel signal according to an input signal system, and intercepting the signal center bandwidth. The input signal system refers to the modulation type and parameters of the signal and can include frequency hopping (spot beam/global beam), beacon, wideband modulation, and the like. In some embodiments, the input signal is an intermediate frequency signal having a center frequency of 70MHz. The sum channel signal refers to a sigma channel signal in a single pulse tracking system, and is formed by coherent superposition of multiple antenna signals, and is used for enhancing signal energy and suppressing noise.
In some embodiments, the short-time energy detection has a time length of 10 mu s, and the frequency hopping rate of the frequency hopping signal is 20000 hops/s. In some embodiments, when the bandwidth width is a narrow bandwidth, the sum signal is a sigma channel signal of a single pulse tracking system, and the weak signal detection sensitivity is improved by coherently adding enhanced signal energy and suppressing noise. The sigma-channel signal of the monopulse tracking system is a sum signal obtained by adding signals received by a plurality of antennas in the monopulse antenna system. For example, after the global beam hopping signals are coherently superimposed through a sigma channel, the signal energy is enhanced, and the noises are mutually counteracted, so that the weak signal detection is facilitated. Bandwidth refers to the range of signal frequencies that the filter allows to pass. For example, 5MHz (70 MHz.+ -. 2.5 MHz) or 1MHz (70 MHz.+ -. 0.5 MHz). In some embodiments, the bandwidth width includes a wide bandwidth of 5MHz for processing strong signals or wide frequency hopping signals and a narrow bandwidth of 1MHz for processing weak signals or narrow frequency hopping signals. In some embodiments, the strong or wide frequency hopping signal comprises a spot beam hopping signal, and the weak or narrow frequency hopping signal comprises a global beam hopping signal, the bandwidth being automatically switched by detecting signal energy. The spot beam hopping signal refers to a strong signal, a wideband hopping signal, which is transmitted by a target to a specific area. Such as frequency hopping signals within satellite spot beam coverage. The global beam hopping signal refers to a weak signal, a narrow frequency hopping signal, which is transmitted by a target in all directions. Such as frequency hopping signals within the global coverage of the satellite. The automatic switching of the bandwidth width refers to automatic selection of the bandwidth according to the short-time energy detection result. For example, switching to a wide bandwidth of 5MHz when strong signal energy is detected and to a narrow bandwidth of 1MHz when weak signal energy is detected. The intercepting of the signal center bandwidth refers to selecting the center part bandwidth with concentrated energy in the frequency range of the signal, for example, intercepting 70MHz + -2.5 MHz for 70MHz intermediate frequency signal with 5MHz bandwidth and intercepting 70MHz + -0.5 MHz with 1MHz bandwidth.
And if the short-time energy is larger than or equal to a threshold value threshold, judging the short-time energy to be a valid signal, and gating the valid signal to the self-adaptive AGC loop. The threshold refers to an energy threshold that determines whether a signal is valid. For example, a predetermined energy level B is used to distinguish between the on-board valid signal and noise. The valid signal refers to an on-board valid signal with energy exceeding a threshold. Such as a frequency hopping beacon or data signal transmitted by a satellite. And if the short-time energy is smaller than a threshold value, discarding the signal to avoid noise interference and gain adjustment.
The amplitude of the output signal is stabilized at a target level by coarse adjustment of the analog front end and fine adjustment of the digital back end. The coarse analog front end adjustment means that the signal gain is adjusted rapidly by the AGC intermediate frequency amplifier. For example, the AGC intermediate frequency amplifier adjusts the signal gain from 0dB to 30dB within 1 μs to accommodate the abrupt change of the strong signal to the weak signal. Digital back-end fine tuning refers to accurate gain adjustment by the DSP/FPGA of the digital detection receiver. For example, after the DSP calculates the mean square value of the signal power, digital AGC voltage is generated, and gain error is controlled to be less than or equal to + -0.1 dB. The output signal is a stable signal after demodulation and gain control. For example, the output signal may be an OOK modulated signal at 2.176MHz or a normalized digital intermediate frequency signal. The target level refers to the desired signal amplitude level. For example, the target level may be a level corresponding to the full range of the A/D converter (e.g., 1 V.+ -. 0.1 dB), ensuring that the signal is effectively sampled.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN118801923A (en) * | 2024-07-30 | 2024-10-18 | 西安电子科技大学 | A method for realizing blind frequency hopping tracking receiver |
| CN119449085A (en) * | 2024-05-16 | 2025-02-14 | 电子科技大学 | Capture and tracking integrated frequency hopping self-synchronization circuit and method based on edge detection |
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| AU8469101A (en) * | 2000-08-01 | 2002-02-13 | Itron Inc | Frequency hopping spread spectrum system with high sensitivity tracking and synchronization for frequency unstable signals |
| CN110247729B (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2022-01-14 | 中电科思仪科技股份有限公司 | Unmanned aerial vehicle real-time tracking and rapid countering integrated control system and method |
| US12088269B2 (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2024-09-10 | Intelligent Fusion Technology, Inc. | Method, device, and storage medium for hybrid automatic gain control in communication system |
| CN223053028U (en) * | 2024-08-27 | 2025-07-01 | 成都天贸科技有限公司 | Self-adaptive high-dynamic spread spectrum tracking receiver |
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| CN119449085A (en) * | 2024-05-16 | 2025-02-14 | 电子科技大学 | Capture and tracking integrated frequency hopping self-synchronization circuit and method based on edge detection |
| CN118801923A (en) * | 2024-07-30 | 2024-10-18 | 西安电子科技大学 | A method for realizing blind frequency hopping tracking receiver |
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