CN120510682A - Avalanche monitoring method and device based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing - Google Patents
Avalanche monitoring method and device based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensingInfo
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- CN120510682A CN120510682A CN202510640976.3A CN202510640976A CN120510682A CN 120510682 A CN120510682 A CN 120510682A CN 202510640976 A CN202510640976 A CN 202510640976A CN 120510682 A CN120510682 A CN 120510682A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of avalanche disaster early warning, in particular to an avalanche monitoring method and device based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing, wherein the method comprises the steps of arranging an acoustic shock non-contact combined sensor at a preset safety position of a target generating place to acquire sound waves and earthquake signals of the target generating place; the method comprises the steps of calculating amplitude first-order information entropy distribution characteristics of sound waves and earthquake signals, fitting the amplitude first-order information entropy distribution characteristics with the Ford law to determine high-energy events, and carrying out time-frequency characteristic analysis on the high-energy events to identify whether avalanche events occur. Therefore, the problems that the existing avalanche monitoring system and the sensing device are arranged nearby a disaster point in a contact way, so that monitoring equipment is damaged by avalanche, safety and stability of a monitoring site are difficult to ensure, and the requirement of disaster early warning cannot be met are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of avalanche disaster early warning, in particular to an avalanche monitoring method and device based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing.
Background
At present, most of avalanche early warning monitoring systems mainly perform early warning and rely on contact monitoring such as weather stations. On the one hand, when avalanche occurs, the sensors are easily damaged, and the safety and stability of the monitoring site are difficult to ensure. On the other hand, the weather forecast-based avalanche warning method generally provides medium-long-term (about 7 days period) avalanche disaster warning information, which may affect normal production activities of human beings and cannot meet the requirements of disaster warning.
When dealing with natural disasters with high destructive power such as avalanches, the avalanche early warning and monitoring systems certainly play a critical role, and as far as the avalanche early warning and monitoring systems which are widely applied at present, most of the avalanche early warning and monitoring systems focus core functions on an early warning layer, and the monitoring means are highly dependent on traditional contact monitoring modes such as weather stations and the like.
This mode of contact-based monitoring gradually exposes a number of short plates that are not negligible during actual operation. From the perspective of safety and stability of monitoring equipment, various sensors installed in an avalanche-prone area are extremely easy to damage once avalanche occurs, once the sensors are damaged, a monitoring station cannot continuously and accurately monitor avalanche dynamics, the whole monitoring system can not only lead to incapability of timely sending early warning information and missing optimal danger avoiding time, but also lead subsequent rescue and post-disaster assessment work to be in an extremely large passive situation.
Besides the problem that equipment is easy to damage, the current avalanche warning method based on weather forecast has obvious limitation in practical application. Although weather forecast can provide reference basis for avalanche warning to a certain extent, the warning information provided by the weather forecast is usually mainly medium-long term (about 7 days or so). The long-time early warning period has a certain guiding significance for large-scale and long-term disaster prevention planning, but is difficult to meet urgent needs of disaster prevention early warning. In real life, normal production activities of people often need to be scheduled in a relatively defined time and space. For example, for some engineering projects in mountainous areas, construction teams need to make detailed construction plans according to weather and geological conditions, and for tourist attractions, operators need to reasonably arrange the journey and reception work of tourists. If the warning information that avalanche may occur is received 7 days in advance, it will have to be in a highly stressed standby state for a long time or be forced to interrupt the ongoing work and activity in advance. This not only causes great economic loss, but also seriously affects the living order and working efficiency of people. For areas suddenly facing avalanche threat, the early warning period of 7 days is obviously too long to provide timely response time for local residents and related departments, so that people often take measures against sudden avalanche, and effective risk avoidance measures are difficult to quickly take.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an avalanche monitoring method and device based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing, which are used for solving the problems that the safety and stability of a monitoring station are difficult to ensure, the requirement of disaster early warning cannot be met and the like in the conventional avalanche monitoring system.
The embodiment of the first aspect of the invention provides an avalanche monitoring method based on non-contact type acoustic shock combined sensing, which comprises the following steps of arranging an acoustic shock non-contact type combined sensor at a preset safety position of a target place to collect sound waves and earthquake signals of the target place, counting amplitude first-order information entropy distribution characteristics of the sound waves and the earthquake signals, fitting the amplitude first-order information entropy distribution characteristics with the Ford law to determine a high-energy event, and carrying out time-frequency characteristic analysis on the high-energy event to identify whether an avalanche event occurs.
Optionally, the locating the acoustic vibration non-contact combined sensor at a preset safety position of the target generating place to collect the acoustic wave and the earthquake motion signal of the target generating place includes:
Installing an infrasound instrument in the acoustic shock non-contact type combined sensor on an unobstructed terrain upright post at the preset safety position so as to acquire sound waves of the target generating place;
burying a vibration detector in the acoustic vibration non-contact type combined sensor under the ground of the preset safety position so as to acquire a ground vibration signal of the target generating place.
Optionally, the fitting the amplitude first information entropy distribution feature to the ford's law to determine a high energy event includes:
And calculating a fitting value of the entropy distribution characteristic of the amplitude first information and the Ford law, and comparing the fitting value with a preset threshold value to distinguish the background noise in the sound wave and the earthquake motion signal from the high-energy event.
Optionally, the performing time-frequency feature analysis on the high-energy event to identify whether an avalanche event occurs includes:
performing short-time Fourier transform on the high-energy event to obtain local information of a time-frequency domain;
Solving the time-varying power spectral density of the high-energy event according to the local information of the time-frequency domain;
The time-varying power spectral densities are energy-weighted averaged to obtain a time-varying centroid frequency and an avalanche event is identified from the time-varying centroid frequency.
The embodiment of the second aspect of the invention provides an avalanche monitoring device based on non-contact type acoustic shock combined sensing, which comprises an acquisition module, a statistics module, a fitting module and an analysis determining module, wherein the acquisition module is used for arranging an acoustic shock non-contact type combined sensor at a preset safety position of a target place to acquire sound waves and earthquake signals of the target place, the statistics module is used for counting amplitude first-order information entropy distribution characteristics of the sound waves and the earthquake signals, the fitting module is used for fitting the amplitude first-order information entropy distribution characteristics with the Ford law to determine a high-energy event, and the analysis determining module is used for carrying out time-frequency characteristic analysis on the high-energy event to identify whether an avalanche event occurs.
Optionally, the acquisition module includes:
the first acquisition unit is used for installing an infrasound instrument in the acoustic shock non-contact combined sensor on the non-shielding terrain upright rod at the preset safety position so as to acquire sound waves of the target generating place;
And the second acquisition unit is used for burying the vibration detector in the acoustic vibration non-contact type combined sensor in the underground of the preset safety position so as to acquire the earthquake motion signal of the target place.
Optionally, the fitting module includes:
And calculating a fitting value of the entropy distribution characteristic of the amplitude first information and the Ford law, and comparing the fitting value with a preset threshold value to distinguish the background noise in the sound wave and the earthquake motion signal from the high-energy event.
Optionally, the analysis determination module includes:
the short-time transformation unit is used for carrying out short-time Fourier transformation on the high-energy event so as to obtain local information of a time-frequency domain;
the solving unit is used for solving the time-varying power spectrum density of the high-energy event according to the local information of the time-frequency domain;
a determination unit for energy-weighted averaging the time-varying power spectral density to obtain a time-varying centroid frequency and identifying whether an avalanche event occurs based on the time-varying centroid frequency.
An embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor executes the program to implement the avalanche monitoring method based on the non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing as described in the above embodiment.
A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which when executed by a processor implements the above avalanche monitoring method based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing.
The avalanche monitoring method and the avalanche monitoring device based on the non-contact type acoustic shock combined sensing, provided by the embodiment of the invention, comprehensively utilize the characteristic that the propagation speed of an acoustic shock signal is faster than the movement speed of an avalanche, form a non-contact type avalanche combined observation system by a low-attenuation acoustic signal and a ground shock signal which is not constrained by terrain shielding, can quickly identify an avalanche event, send out avalanche alarm information to fight for escape time when the avalanche does not reach a terrible disaster caused by downstream, not only can meet the safety and stability of a monitoring site, but also can meet the requirement of disaster pre-warning, identify an avalanche event through front-end data analysis, transmit acoustic shock signal waveform data to an emergency management service platform by utilizing a ground/satellite communication module, carry out event information display and disaster alarm, store all continuous original waveform records in a data acquisition device of a wild appearance monitoring site in an original data record, store and a transmission scheme, selectively transmit the avalanche event waveform through judgment, and not transmit other continuous background noise, lighten the communication pressure of field observation and improve the practicability of the avalanche observation identification method.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an avalanche monitoring method based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of an avalanche monitoring method based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the fluctuation of avalanche occurrence according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fitting result provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of an avalanche monitoring apparatus based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The following describes an avalanche monitoring method and device based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an avalanche monitoring method based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the avalanche monitoring method based on the non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing comprises the following steps:
in step S101, the acoustic vibration non-contact type combination sensor is disposed at a preset safety position of the target generating place, so as to collect the sound wave and the earthquake motion signal of the target generating place.
In some embodiments, the acoustic shock non-contact combination sensor is disposed at a preset safety position of the target generating place to collect the sound wave and the earthquake motion signal of the target generating place, including:
installing an infrasound instrument in the acoustic shock non-contact combined sensor on a non-shielding terrain upright rod at a preset safety position so as to collect sound waves of a target generating place;
The vibration detector in the acoustic vibration non-contact type combined sensor is buried in the ground of a preset safety position so as to collect the earthquake motion signal of the target place.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, the length of the large avalanche path is about 2-3 km, the movement speed is about 10-30 m/s, and the duration is Zhong Liangji. In high altitude forming areas, the avalanche causes air explosion by dry powder board layer movement, the sound propagation speed in the air is about 340m/s, and the energy attenuation is small. As low altitude wet snow is entrained, the avalanche evolves into a high density flow. The vibration detector records vibration signals excited by interaction of high-density flow of the avalanche bottom layer and movement of the bottom bed, the propagation speed of the surface wave on the surface layer of the solid earth is about 3300m/s, but the influence of loose snow on the surface layer is overcome, and the energy attenuation of the elastic wave is rapid in the propagation process.
Therefore, as shown in fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, a vibration non-contact type combined sensor including a infrasound instrument and a vibration detector is adopted, the vibration non-contact type combined sensor is disposed at a preset safety position (for example, at 500m from the place where the target occurs), the infrasound instrument is installed on an unobstructed terrain upright at the preset safety position, and the vibration detector (for example, a 5Hz moving coil type three-component sensor) is shallow buried in the depth of about 50cm below the ground at the preset safety position, so as to measure the sound wave and the earthquake vibration signal of the place where the target occurs, respectively.
In step S102, the entropy distribution characteristics of the first information of the amplitude values of the sound wave and the earthquake motion signal are counted.
In the actual implementation process, as shown in fig. 3, a field data collector may be used to count the collected sound waves and the seismic signals, and a sliding window with a preset duration is set to primarily judge and identify the amplitude first-digit information entropy distribution characteristics of the sound waves and the seismic signals.
In step S103, the amplitude first information entropy distribution feature is fitted to the present ford law to determine a high energy event.
In some embodiments, fitting the amplitude first-digit information entropy distribution feature to the present ford's law to determine a high-energy event includes:
And calculating a fitting value of the entropy distribution characteristic of the first-digit information of the amplitude and the Ford law, and comparing the fitting value with a preset threshold value to distinguish background noise and high-energy events in the sound wave and the earthquake signal.
In the actual implementation process, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a fitting value of the entropy distribution characteristic of the amplitude first digit information and the ford law is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
P(d)=log10(1+d-1)
Wherein d is a numerical value from 1 to 9, P (d) is a distribution probability of the first number of 1 to 9 following the Ford's law, P (d) obs is a frequency of occurrence of the first number of 1 to 9 in actual statistics of sound waves and earthquake signals, and phi represents a fitting degree of the first number actual distribution and the Ford's law.
Further, the fitting value of the fitting value is compared with a preset threshold, the part of the fitting value, which is larger than the preset threshold, is a high-energy event, the part of the fitting value, which is smaller than the preset threshold, is background noise, when the high-energy event exists, the high-energy event can be transmitted to the emergency management service platform by using a 5G transmission network or a Beidou switching transmission mode, so that a calculation power high early warning module in the emergency management service platform is used for carrying out time-frequency characteristic analysis on the high-energy event of the waveform data of the high-energy event, and whether the high-energy event occurs is identified.
In step S104, a time-frequency signature analysis is performed on the high energy event to identify whether an avalanche event has occurred.
In some embodiments, time-frequency signature analysis of high energy events to identify whether an avalanche event has occurred includes:
Performing short-time Fourier transform on the high-energy event to obtain local information of a time-frequency domain;
solving the time-varying power spectral density of the high-energy event according to the local information of the time-frequency domain;
The time-varying power spectral densities are energy-weighted averaged to obtain a time-varying centroid frequency and an avalanche event is identified from the time-varying centroid frequency.
In the actual implementation process, short-time Fourier transform is performed on the high-energy event to obtain local information of a time-frequency domain:
where m=0, 1..m-1 is the time frame index, k=0, 1..k-1 is the frequency index, x [ n ] (n=0, 1..l-1) is the high energy event, w n is a Hamming window function, L is a length, and e -j2πkn/L is a complex exponential function for converting the time domain signal into the frequency domain.
Taking square mode of frequency amplitude in each time window in local information of time frequency domain to obtain power spectrum density S [ m, k ] of kth frequency point of mth frame, and converting time-varying power spectrum density into dB unit, the specific expression is as follows:
S[m,k]=|STFT[m,k]|2
Energy weighting is carried out on each time frame m in the time-varying power spectrum density, and the power spectrum of each frequency after weighting is averaged to obtain the time-varying centroid frequency, and the specific expression is as follows:
Where f centroid m is the time-varying centroid frequency, For the discrete frequency of the kth frequency component, f s is the sampling rate, and f k ·s [ m, k ] is the contribution of each frequency bin to the center of the spectrum. The numerator obtains the weighted average frequency of the frequency by integrating the frequency f k.Sm, k, the denominator integrates the total power density of Sm, k to represent the total energy of the signal, and the time-varying centroid frequency f centroid m is obtained by the ratio.
Further, the time-varying centroid frequency is compared with a preset threshold value for avalanche event identification, specifically, when the time-varying centroid frequency f centroid [ m ] is higher than the preset threshold value, the avalanche event is determined to occur.
In summary, according to the avalanche monitoring method based on the non-contact type acoustic shock combined sensing provided by the embodiment of the invention, the characteristic that the propagation speed of an acoustic shock signal is faster than the movement speed of an avalanche is comprehensively utilized, a low-attenuation acoustic signal and a ground shock signal which is not constrained by terrain shielding are formed into a non-contact type avalanche combined observation system, an avalanche event can be rapidly identified, when the avalanche does not reach a terrible disaster caused by downstream, avalanche alarm information is sent out to fight for escape time, the safety and stability of a monitoring site can be met, the requirement of disaster pre-warning can be met, the avalanche event is identified through front-end data analysis, the acoustic shock signal waveform data is transmitted to an emergency management service platform by utilizing a ground/satellite communication module, event information display and disaster warning are carried out, all continuous original waveform records are stored in a data collector of a wild appearance measuring site in the original data record, the avalanche event waveform is selectively transmitted through judgment, other continuous background noise is not transmitted, the field observation communication pressure is lightened, and the practicability of the avalanche observation identification method is improved.
Next, an avalanche monitoring apparatus based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of an avalanche monitoring device based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing for avalanche monitoring based on non-contact acoustic shock signal sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the avalanche monitoring apparatus 50 based on the non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing comprises an acquisition module 501, a statistics module 502, a fitting module 503 and an analysis and determination module 504.
The acquisition module 501 is configured to locate the acoustic-vibration non-contact combination sensor at a preset safe position of the target generating place, so as to acquire the acoustic wave and the earthquake motion signal of the target generating place. The statistics module 502 is used for counting the entropy distribution characteristics of the first bit of the amplitude information of the sound wave and the earthquake motion signal. The fitting module 503 is configured to fit the amplitude first-digit information entropy distribution feature to the present ford law to determine a high-energy event. The analysis determination module 504 is configured to perform a time-frequency signature analysis on the high energy event to identify whether an avalanche event has occurred.
In some embodiments, the acquisition module 501 includes:
The first acquisition unit is used for installing an infrasound instrument in the acoustic shock non-contact type combined sensor on an unobstructed terrain upright rod at a preset safety position so as to acquire sound waves of a target generating place;
And the second acquisition unit is used for burying the vibration detector in the acoustic vibration non-contact type combined sensor in the ground of a preset safety position so as to acquire the earthquake motion signal of the target place.
In some embodiments, the fitting module 502 includes:
And calculating a fitting value of the entropy distribution characteristic of the first-digit information of the amplitude and the Ford law, and comparing the fitting value with a preset threshold value to distinguish background noise and high-energy events in the sound wave and the earthquake signal.
In some embodiments, the analysis determination module 504 includes:
The short-time transformation unit is used for carrying out short-time Fourier transformation on the high-energy event so as to obtain local information of a time-frequency domain;
the solving unit is used for solving the time-varying power spectrum density of the high-energy event according to the local information of the time-frequency domain;
A determination unit for energy-weighted averaging the time-varying power spectral densities to obtain a time-varying centroid frequency and identifying whether an avalanche event occurs based on the time-varying centroid frequency.
It should be noted that the explanation of the embodiment of the avalanche monitoring method based on the non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing is also applicable to the avalanche monitoring device based on the non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing of the embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
According to the avalanche monitoring device based on the non-contact type acoustic shock combined sensing, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, the characteristic that the propagation speed of an acoustic shock signal is faster than the movement speed of an avalanche is comprehensively utilized, a non-contact type avalanche combined observation system is formed by a low-attenuation acoustic signal and a seismic shock signal which is not constrained by terrain shielding, an avalanche event can be rapidly identified, when the avalanche does not reach a terrible disaster caused by downstream, avalanche alarm information is sent out to fight for escape time, the safety and stability of a monitoring site can be met, the requirement of disaster early warning can be met, the avalanche event is identified through front-end data analysis, the acoustic shock signal waveform data is transmitted to an emergency management service platform by utilizing a ground/satellite communication module, event information display and disaster alarm are carried out, all continuous original waveform records are stored in a data acquisition device of a wild appearance measuring site in the original data record, other continuous background noise is not transmitted through judgment, and the practicability of the field observation identification method is improved.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device may include:
A memory 601, a processor 602, and a computer program stored on the memory 601 and executable on the processor 602.
The processor 602, when executing the program, implements the avalanche monitoring method based on the non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing provided in the above embodiment.
Further, the electronic device further includes:
A communication interface 603 for communication between the memory 601 and the processor 602.
A memory 601 for storing a computer program executable on the processor 602.
The memory 601 may comprise a high-speed RAM memory or may further comprise a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.
If the memory 601, the processor 602, and the communication interface 603 are implemented independently, the communication interface 603, the memory 601, and the processor 602 may be connected to each other through a bus and perform communication with each other. The bus may be an industry standard architecture (Industry Standard Architecture, abbreviated ISA) bus, an external device interconnect (PERIPHERAL COMPONENT, abbreviated PCI) bus, or an extended industry standard architecture (Extended Industry Standard Architecture, abbreviated EISA) bus, among others. The buses may be divided into address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown in fig. 6, but not only one bus or one type of bus.
Alternatively, in a specific implementation, if the memory 601, the processor 602, and the communication interface 603 are integrated on a chip, the memory 601, the processor 602, and the communication interface 603 may perform communication with each other through internal interfaces.
The processor 602 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, abbreviated as CPU), or an Application SPECIFIC INTEGRATED Circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when being executed by a processor, realizes the avalanche monitoring method based on the non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or N embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "N" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and additional implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order from that shown or discussed, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the embodiments of the present invention.
Logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., a ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include an electrical connection (an electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (a magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, as the program may be electronically captured, via optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It is to be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, the N steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware as in another embodiment, it may be implemented using any one or combination of techniques known in the art, discrete logic circuits with logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits with appropriate combinational logic gates, programmable Gate Arrays (PGAs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and the like.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or a portion of the steps carried out in the method of the above-described embodiments may be implemented by a program to instruct related hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and where the program, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one module. The integrated modules may be implemented in hardware or in software functional modules. The integrated modules may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product.
The above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or the like. While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The avalanche monitoring method based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
arranging an acoustic shock non-contact combined sensor at a preset safety position of a target generating place so as to acquire sound waves and earthquake signals of the target generating place;
Counting the amplitude first information entropy distribution characteristics of the sound wave and the earthquake motion signal;
Fitting the entropy distribution characteristic of the amplitude first digit information with the Ford law to determine a high-energy event;
and performing time-frequency characteristic analysis on the high-energy event to identify whether an avalanche event occurs.
2. The avalanche monitoring method based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing according to claim 1, wherein the locating the acoustic shock non-contact combined sensor at a preset safety location of a target place to collect acoustic wave and earthquake motion signals of the target place comprises:
Installing an infrasound instrument in the acoustic shock non-contact type combined sensor on an unobstructed terrain upright post at the preset safety position so as to acquire sound waves of the target generating place;
burying a vibration detector in the acoustic vibration non-contact type combined sensor under the ground of the preset safety position so as to acquire a ground vibration signal of the target generating place.
3. The avalanche monitoring method based on non-contact acoustic shock combining sensing according to claim 1, wherein said fitting the amplitude first information entropy distribution characteristic to the present ford law to determine a high energy event comprises:
And calculating a fitting value of the entropy distribution characteristic of the amplitude first information and the Ford law, and comparing the fitting value with a preset threshold value to distinguish the background noise in the sound wave and the earthquake motion signal from the high-energy event.
4. The avalanche monitoring method based on non-contact acoustic shock combining sensing according to claim 1, wherein said performing a time-frequency characteristic analysis of said high energy event to identify whether an avalanche event occurs comprises:
performing short-time Fourier transform on the high-energy event to obtain local information of a time-frequency domain;
Solving the time-varying power spectral density of the high-energy event according to the local information of the time-frequency domain;
The time-varying power spectral densities are energy-weighted averaged to obtain a time-varying centroid frequency and an avalanche event is identified from the time-varying centroid frequency.
5. Avalanche monitoring device based on non-contact acoustic shock combination sensing, characterized by comprising:
The acquisition module is used for arranging the acoustic vibration non-contact type combined sensor at a preset safety position of a target generating place so as to acquire sound waves and earthquake motion signals of the target generating place;
the statistics module is used for counting the amplitude first information entropy distribution characteristics of the sound waves and the earthquake motion signals;
The fitting module is used for fitting the amplitude first information entropy distribution characteristic with the Ford law so as to determine a high-energy event;
and the analysis and determination module is used for carrying out time-frequency characteristic analysis on the high-energy event so as to identify whether an avalanche event occurs.
6. The avalanche monitor device based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing according to claim 5, wherein the acquisition module comprises:
the first acquisition unit is used for installing an infrasound instrument in the acoustic shock non-contact combined sensor on the non-shielding terrain upright rod at the preset safety position so as to acquire sound waves of the target generating place;
And the second acquisition unit is used for burying the vibration detector in the acoustic vibration non-contact type combined sensor in the underground of the preset safety position so as to acquire the earthquake motion signal of the target place.
7. The avalanche monitor device based on non-contact acoustic shock composite sensing according to claim 5, wherein the fitting module comprises:
And calculating a fitting value of the entropy distribution characteristic of the amplitude first information and the Ford law, and comparing the fitting value with a preset threshold value to distinguish the background noise in the sound wave and the earthquake motion signal from the high-energy event.
8. The avalanche monitor device based on non-contact acoustic shock composite sensing according to claim 5, wherein the analysis determination module comprises:
the short-time transformation unit is used for carrying out short-time Fourier transformation on the high-energy event so as to obtain local information of a time-frequency domain;
the solving unit is used for solving the time-varying power spectrum density of the high-energy event according to the local information of the time-frequency domain;
a determination unit for energy-weighted averaging the time-varying power spectral density to obtain a time-varying centroid frequency and identifying whether an avalanche event occurs based on the time-varying centroid frequency.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the avalanche monitoring method according to any one of claims 1-4 based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program is executed by a processor for implementing the avalanche monitoring method based on non-contact acoustic shock combined sensing according to any one of claims 1-4.
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