CN120710178A - Battery active equalization circuit and battery system - Google Patents
Battery active equalization circuit and battery systemInfo
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- CN120710178A CN120710178A CN202510995680.3A CN202510995680A CN120710178A CN 120710178 A CN120710178 A CN 120710178A CN 202510995680 A CN202510995680 A CN 202510995680A CN 120710178 A CN120710178 A CN 120710178A
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Abstract
本申请涉及一种电池主动均衡电路及电池系统，其中，所述均衡电路中均衡控制回路连接待测电池组；直流转换模块连接均衡控制回路；电池电压检测电路连接均衡控制回路；控制模块分别连接均衡控制回路、直流转换模块和电池电压检测电路；控制模块获取各单体电池中的最大电压信号和最小电压信号，在最大电压信号和最小电压信号满足预设电压条件时，控制均衡控制回路接通对应最大电压信号的单体电池和对应最小电压信号的单体电池，且控制直流转换模块从对应最大电压的单体电池向对应最小电压的单体电池进行补电，只需产生一次电源转换效率损失，避免时间间隔的损失，提高了电池主动均衡的效率高，同时提高了电池主动均衡速度。
The present application relates to a battery active balancing circuit and a battery system, wherein a balancing control loop in the balancing circuit is connected to a battery pack to be tested; a DC conversion module is connected to the balancing control loop; a battery voltage detection circuit is connected to the balancing control loop; a control module is respectively connected to the balancing control loop, the DC conversion module, and the battery voltage detection circuit; the control module obtains the maximum voltage signal and the minimum voltage signal in each single battery, and when the maximum voltage signal and the minimum voltage signal meet preset voltage conditions, controls the balancing control loop to connect the single battery corresponding to the maximum voltage signal and the single battery corresponding to the minimum voltage signal, and controls the DC conversion module to replenish power from the single battery corresponding to the maximum voltage to the single battery corresponding to the minimum voltage, thereby only incurring a one-time power conversion efficiency loss, avoiding the loss of time interval, improving the efficiency of active battery balancing, and at the same time improving the speed of active battery balancing.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery active equalization circuit and a battery system.
Background
Due to the chemical-physical characteristics, the voltage of a single rechargeable battery is relatively low, for example, the single voltage of a lead-acid battery and a nickel-hydrogen battery is 1.2V, the single voltage of a lithium iron phosphate battery is 3.2V, the single voltage of a lithium manganate battery and a ternary lithium battery is 3.7V, and the single voltage of a sodium battery and a solid-state battery is within 5V. In order to obtain higher power, the rechargeable batteries are connected in series to form a battery pack, and the plurality of batteries are connected in series, so that the batteries with the same parameters can be in the battery pack of the same string only after battery pairing is needed. When the battery pack is produced, the characteristics of each battery are consistent, but the conditions are not consistent in the actual use process, so that the characteristics of the battery can change after long-term use. Therefore, the battery pack needs to be introduced with an equalizing circuit, and is dynamically adjusted in the whole use process of charging or discharging, so that the maintenance characteristics of each rechargeable battery are consistent.
The equalization circuit is divided into a passive equalization circuit and an active equalization circuit. The passive equalization circuit is simplest, when the voltage of any battery is measured to be higher than the voltage of other batteries, the battery is connected to the equalization circuit, the equalization circuit is connected with a resistor in parallel, the resistor generates heat to consume redundant electric quantity, the voltages of all batteries are kept equal, each battery of the whole battery pack is full, but when the batteries are discharged, the equalization circuit cannot realize equalization. The active equalization circuit transfers the voltage of the single battery with higher voltage to the single battery with lower voltage, and for example, common active equalization circuits comprise a battery pack adjacent single battery electric quantity transfer circuit, a capacitance method equalization circuit, a system power supply equalization circuit and a transformer equalization circuit.
In the implementation process, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art, namely the existing battery active equalization mode has lower equalization efficiency and slower equalization speed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a battery active equalization circuit and a battery system that can generate only a primary power conversion efficiency loss, and that have high equalization efficiency and high equalization speed, in order to solve the problems of the conventional battery active equalization system.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery active equalization circuit, including:
the battery pack to be tested comprises a plurality of single batteries, wherein each single battery is connected in series;
the direct current conversion module is connected with the balance control loop;
the battery voltage detection circuit is connected with the balance control loop;
The control module is configured to acquire a maximum voltage signal and a minimum voltage signal in each single battery, and when the maximum voltage signal and the minimum voltage signal meet the preset voltage condition, the control module controls the equalization control circuit to switch on the single battery corresponding to the maximum voltage signal and the single battery corresponding to the minimum voltage signal, and controls the direct current conversion module to supplement electricity from the single battery corresponding to the maximum voltage to the single battery corresponding to the minimum voltage.
In one embodiment, the equalization control loop includes a discharge loop and a charge loop;
The charging circuit is respectively connected with the direct-current conversion module, the control module and each single battery;
The control module is further configured to control the discharging circuit to switch on the single battery corresponding to the maximum voltage signal and control the charging circuit to switch on the single battery corresponding to the minimum voltage signal when the maximum voltage signal and the minimum voltage signal meet a preset voltage condition.
In one embodiment, the discharging loop comprises a first battery selection module and a first rectifier bridge reversing module, and the charging loop comprises a second battery selection module and a second rectifier bridge reversing module;
The first rectifying bridge reversing module is respectively connected with the direct current conversion module and each single battery;
the second battery selection module is respectively connected with the control module and each single battery, and the second rectifier bridge reversing module is respectively connected with the direct current conversion module and each single battery.
In one embodiment, the discharging loop further comprises a plurality of first bidirectional switch tube modules, the first battery selection module comprises a plurality of first battery selection modules, the charging loop further comprises a plurality of second bidirectional switch tube modules, and the second battery selection module comprises a plurality of second battery selection modules;
The second ends of the first bidirectional switch tube modules are respectively connected with the first rectifier bridge reversing modules, the control ends of the first bidirectional switch tube modules are connected with the corresponding first battery selection modules, and the first battery selection modules are respectively connected with the control modules;
The negative electrode of the single battery is connected with the first end of the corresponding second bidirectional switch tube module, the positive electrode of the single battery is connected with the first end of the other corresponding second bidirectional switch tube module, the second ends of the second bidirectional switch tube modules are respectively connected with the second rectifier bridge reversing modules, the control ends of the second bidirectional switch tube modules are connected with the corresponding second battery selection modules, and the second battery selection modules are respectively connected with the control modules.
In one embodiment, the first battery selection module includes a first coupling isolator, a first resistor, and a first bidirectional diode;
The first end of the first coupling isolator is connected with a first power supply, the second end of the first coupling isolator is connected with the first end of a first resistor, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the first end of a first bidirectional diode, the second end of the first bidirectional diode is connected with another first battery selection module corresponding to the positive pole of the same single battery cell;
The first end of the second coupling isolator is connected with the first power supply, the second end of the second coupling isolator is connected with the first end of the second resistor, the second end of the second resistor is connected with the first end of the second bidirectional diode, the second end of the second bidirectional diode is connected with another second battery selection module corresponding to the positive pole of the same single battery cell, the third end of the second coupling isolator is connected with the fifth power supply, and the fourth end of the second coupling isolator is connected with the control end of the second bidirectional switch tube module corresponding to the negative pole of the same single battery cell.
In one embodiment, the first battery selection module comprises a plurality of first electronic switches and a third bidirectional diode;
the second ends of the first electronic switches are respectively connected with the first ends of corresponding third bidirectional diodes, the second ends of the third bidirectional diodes are connected with the other first battery selection modules corresponding to the positive poles of the same single battery core, the control ends of the second ends of the third bidirectional diodes are connected with the control modules, and the power supply ends of the first electronic switches are connected with a seventh power supply;
The negative electrode of the single battery is connected with the first end of a corresponding second electronic switch, the positive electrode of the single battery is connected with the first end of another corresponding second electronic switch, the second ends of the second electronic switches are respectively connected with the second rectifier bridge reversing modules, the control end of each second electronic switch is connected with the first end of a corresponding fourth bidirectional diode, the second end of the fourth bidirectional diode is connected with another second battery selection module corresponding to the positive electrode of the same single battery core, the control end of the second end of the fourth bidirectional diode is connected with the control module, and the power supply end of each second electronic switch is connected with a seventh power supply.
In one embodiment, the battery active equalization circuit further comprises a discharge auxiliary isolation power supply and a charge auxiliary isolation power supply;
The discharging auxiliary isolation power supply is connected with the discharging loop, and the charging auxiliary isolation power supply is connected with the charging loop.
In one embodiment, the battery active equalization circuit further comprises a discharge selection decoding circuit and a charge selection decoding circuit;
the charge selection decoding circuit is connected between the charge loop and the control module.
In one embodiment, the direct current conversion module includes a DCDC chip and an eleventh coupling isolator;
The input end of the eleventh coupling isolator is connected with the control module, the output end of the eleventh coupling isolator is connected with the DCDC chip, and the DCDC chip is connected with the equalization control loop.
In one embodiment, the battery active equalization circuit further comprises a communication interface circuit, wherein the communication interface circuit is connected with the control module and is used for being connected with the battery management system.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a battery system, which comprises a battery pack to be tested, a battery management system and the battery active equalization circuit according to any one of the above;
the battery management system is connected with the battery pack to be tested, and the battery active equalization circuit is respectively connected with the battery pack to be tested and the battery management system.
One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
The battery active equalization circuit comprises an equalization control loop, a direct current conversion module, a battery voltage detection circuit and a control module, wherein the equalization control loop is connected with a battery pack to be measured, the battery pack to be measured comprises a plurality of single batteries, all the single batteries are connected in series, the direct current conversion module is connected with the equalization control loop, the battery voltage detection circuit is connected with the equalization control loop, the control module is respectively connected with the equalization control loop, the direct current conversion module and the battery voltage detection circuit, the control module is configured to obtain maximum voltage signals and minimum voltage signals in all the single batteries, when the maximum voltage signals and the minimum voltage signals meet preset voltage conditions, the equalization control loop is controlled to be connected with the single battery corresponding to the maximum voltage signals and the single battery corresponding to the minimum voltage signals, and the direct current conversion module is controlled to supplement electricity from the single battery corresponding to the minimum voltage, so that active equalization adjustment of the battery pack to be measured is achieved efficiently and quickly. The application detects the voltage of each single battery through the battery voltage detection circuit so that the control module controls the balance control loop to work according to the maximum voltage signal and the minimum voltage signal in each single battery, so that the balance control loop is connected with the single battery corresponding to the maximum voltage signal and the single battery corresponding to the minimum voltage signal, and controls the direct current conversion module to work, thereby realizing the charging from the single battery corresponding to the maximum voltage to the single battery corresponding to the minimum voltage, only generating primary power conversion efficiency loss, avoiding time interval loss, improving the active balance efficiency of the battery and the active balance speed of the battery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit configuration of a battery active equalization circuit in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a first schematic circuit diagram of a discharge loop in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a first schematic circuit diagram of a charging circuit in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a second circuit schematic of the discharge loop in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a second circuit schematic of the charging loop in one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary isolated power supply in one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a discharge select decoder circuit in one embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a charge selection decoding circuit in one embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a DC conversion module according to one embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a circuit schematic of a communication interface circuit in one embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a circuit schematic of a control module in one embodiment;
fig. 12 is a circuit schematic of a battery voltage detection circuit in one embodiment.
Reference numerals:
10. The balance control circuit comprises a balance control circuit, a 110, a discharge circuit, a 112, a first battery selection module, a 114, a first battery selection module, a 116, a first rectifier bridge reversing module, a 118, a first bidirectional switch tube module, a 120, a charging circuit, a 122, a second battery selection module, a 124, a second battery selection module, a 126, a second rectifier bridge reversing module, a 128, a second bidirectional switch tube module, a 20, a direct current conversion module, a 30, a battery voltage detection circuit, a 40, a control module, a 510, a discharge auxiliary isolation power supply, a 520, a charge auxiliary isolation power supply, a 610, a discharge selection decoding circuit, a 620 charge selection decoding circuit, a 70, a communication interface circuit, a 80, a battery pack to be tested, a 810 and a single battery;
OP1, a first coupling isolator, OP2, a second coupling isolator, OP11, an eleventh coupling isolator, D1, a first bidirectional diode, D2, a second bidirectional diode, D3, a third bidirectional diode, D4, a fourth bidirectional diode, R1, a first resistor, R2, a second resistor, S1, a first electronic switch, S2, a second electronic switch, P1 and a DCDC chip.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present application, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present application and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate in order to describe the embodiments of the application herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings. These terms are only used to better describe the present application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the indicated devices, elements or components to the particular orientations or to configure and operate in the particular orientations.
Also, some of the terms described above may be used to indicate other meanings in addition to orientation or positional relationships, for example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate some sort of attachment or connection in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in the present application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In addition, the term "plurality" shall mean two as well as more than two.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a battery active equalization circuit is provided, which includes an equalization control loop 10, a dc conversion module 20, a battery voltage detection circuit 30 and a control module 40, wherein the equalization control loop 10 is connected to a battery pack 80 to be measured, the battery pack 80 to be measured includes a plurality of unit batteries 810, each unit battery 810 is connected in series, the dc conversion module 20 is connected to the equalization control loop 10, the battery voltage detection circuit 30 is connected to the equalization control loop 10, the control module 40 is respectively connected to the equalization control loop 10, the dc conversion module 20 and the battery voltage detection circuit 30, the control module 40 is configured to obtain a maximum voltage signal and a minimum voltage signal in each unit battery 810, and when the maximum voltage signal and the minimum voltage signal meet a preset voltage condition, control the equalization control loop 10 to switch on the unit battery 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage signal and the unit battery 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage signal, and control the dc conversion module 20 to perform power replenishment from the unit battery 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage.
The battery pack 80 to be tested may include a plurality of unit cells 810, where each unit cell 810 is connected in series, the unit cell 810 refers to a unit rechargeable battery, and the unit cell 810 may be, but is not limited to, a lithium ion battery. The equalization control circuit 10 is used to switch on the single cell 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage signal and the single cell 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage signal in the battery pack 80 to be tested. Based on the connection of the dc conversion module 20 to the equalization control loop 10, the dc conversion module 20 is configured to control the unit cell 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage signal to charge the unit cell 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage signal, so as to implement equalization control on the corresponding unit cell 810.
The equalization control circuit 10 is connected based on the battery voltage detection circuit 30, and when the equalization control circuit 10 conducts the corresponding single battery 810, the battery voltage detection circuit 30 can detect and obtain the voltage signal of the corresponding single battery 810. When the equalization control loop 10 turns on each unit cell 810 in turn, the battery voltage detection circuit 30 can detect and obtain the voltage signal of each unit cell 810, and transmit each voltage signal to the control module 40.
The control module 40 can obtain voltage signals of all the single batteries 810 and compare the voltage signals to obtain corresponding maximum voltage signals and minimum voltage signals, the control module 40 can conduct difference processing on the amplitudes of the maximum voltage signals and the minimum voltage signals to obtain maximum difference values, and when the maximum difference values are larger than a preset voltage threshold value, the equalization control circuit 10 is controlled to work, the equalization control circuit 10 is connected with the single batteries 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage signals and the single batteries 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage signals, and the direct current conversion module 20 is controlled to work, so that the single batteries 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage supply power to the single batteries 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage, and the two single batteries 810 are pulled up and down to complete an active equalization process of the corresponding single batteries 810.
In the above embodiment, the equalization control loop 10 is connected to the battery pack 80 to be measured, the dc conversion module 20 is connected to the equalization control loop 10, the battery voltage detection circuit 30 is connected to the equalization control loop 10, the control module 40 is respectively connected to the equalization control loop 10, the dc conversion module 20 and the battery voltage detection circuit 30, the control module 40 obtains the maximum voltage signal and the minimum voltage signal in each unit battery 810, when the maximum voltage signal and the minimum voltage signal meet the preset voltage condition, the equalization control loop 10 is controlled to switch on the unit battery 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage signal and the unit battery 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage signal, and the dc conversion module 20 is controlled to supplement electricity from the unit battery 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage to the unit battery 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage, so as to realize efficient and rapid active equalization adjustment of the battery pack 80 to be measured. The voltage of each single battery 810 is detected by the battery voltage detection circuit 30, so that the control module 40 controls the balanced control loop 10 to work according to the maximum voltage signal and the minimum voltage signal in each single battery 810, so that the balanced control loop 10 is connected with the single battery 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage signal and the single battery 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage signal, and controls the direct current conversion module 20 to work, thereby realizing the charging from the single battery 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage to the single battery 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage, only generating once power conversion efficiency loss, avoiding time interval loss, improving the efficiency of active balancing of batteries, and improving the active balancing speed of batteries.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the equalization control circuit 10 includes a discharging circuit 110 and a charging circuit 120, the discharging circuit 110 is respectively connected to the dc conversion module 20, the control module 40 and each of the unit cells 810, the charging circuit 120 is respectively connected to the dc conversion module 20, the control module 40 and each of the unit cells 810, and the control module 40 is further configured to control the discharging circuit 110 to switch on the unit cell 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage signal and to control the charging circuit 120 to switch on the unit cell 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage signal when the maximum voltage signal and the minimum voltage signal meet a preset voltage condition.
The discharging circuit 110 is used for switching on the single battery 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage signal, and the charging circuit 120 is used for switching on the single battery 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage signal. It should be noted that, at the same time, the discharging circuit 110 can only switch on one single cell 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage signal, and similarly, at the same time, the charging circuit 120 can only switch on one single cell 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage signal, so as to avoid the short circuit of the battery pack 80 to be tested.
For example, based on the discharging circuit 110 being respectively connected to the dc conversion module 20, the control module 40 and each of the single cells 810, the charging circuit 120 being respectively connected to the dc conversion module 20, the control module 40 and each of the single cells 810, when the difference between the maximum voltage signal and the minimum voltage signal is greater than a preset voltage threshold, the control module 40 controls the discharging circuit 110 to operate, so that the discharging circuit 110 is connected to the single cell 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage signal, and controls the charging circuit 120 to operate, so that the charging circuit 120 is connected to the single cell 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage signal, and controls the dc conversion module 20 to operate, so that the single cell 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage supplements electricity to the single cell 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage, thereby realizing efficient and rapid active equalization adjustment of the battery pack 80 to be measured.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the discharging circuit 110 includes a first battery selection module 112 and a first rectifying bridge reversing module 116, the charging circuit 120 includes a second battery selection module 122 and a second rectifying bridge reversing module 126, the first battery selection module 112 is respectively connected to the control module 40 and each of the single cells 810, the first rectifying bridge reversing module 116 is respectively connected to the dc conversion module 20 and each of the single cells 810, the second battery selection module 122 is respectively connected to the control module 40 and each of the single cells 810, and the second rectifying bridge reversing module 126 is respectively connected to the dc conversion module 20 and each of the single cells 810.
The first battery selection module 112 is configured to select a corresponding battery cell 810 to be turned on, and the second battery selection module 122 is configured to select a corresponding battery cell 810 to be turned on. The first rectifier bridge commutation module 116 is configured to control the DISCHARGE electrode discharge+ to be positive and DISCHARGE-to be negative for communication with the dc conversion module 20, and the second rectifier bridge commutation module 126 is configured to control the CHARGE electrode discharge+ to be positive and DISCHARGE-to be negative for communication with the dc conversion module 20.
For example, when the difference between the maximum voltage signal and the minimum voltage signal is greater than the preset voltage threshold, the control module 40 controls the first battery selection module 112 to selectively switch on the single battery 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage signal, that is, to connect the single battery 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage signal with the first rectifying bridge reversing module 116, the first rectifying bridge reversing module 116 controls the DISCHARGE electrode discharge+ to be positive and the DISCHARGE-to be negative, and controls the second battery selection module 122 to selectively switch on the single battery 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage signal, that is, to connect the single battery 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage signal with the second rectifying bridge reversing module 126, the second rectifying bridge reversing module 126 controls the CHARGE electrode charge+ to be positive and the CHARGE-to be negative, and controls the dc converting module 20 to operate, so that after the electric signal of the single battery 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage passes through the first rectifying bridge reversing module 116, the dc converting module 20 and the second rectifying bridge reversing module 126, the electric signal of the single battery 810 corresponding to be the minimum voltage is compensated, and active equalization adjustment of the battery pack 80 to be measured is achieved efficiently and rapidly.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the discharging circuit 110 further includes a plurality of first bidirectional switch tube modules 118, the first battery selection module 112 includes a plurality of first battery selection modules 114, the charging circuit 120 further includes a plurality of second bidirectional switch tube modules 128, the second battery selection module 122 includes a plurality of second battery selection modules 124, the negative electrode of the battery 810 is connected to the first end of the corresponding first bidirectional switch tube module 118, the positive electrode of the battery 810 is connected to the first end of another corresponding first bidirectional switch tube module 118, the second end of each first bidirectional switch tube module 118 is connected to the first rectifier bridge commutation module 116, the control end of each first bidirectional switch tube module 118 is connected to the corresponding first battery selection module 114, each first battery selection module 114 is connected to the control module 40, the negative electrode of the battery 810 is connected to the first end of the corresponding second bidirectional switch tube module 128, the positive electrode of the battery 810 is connected to the first end of another corresponding second bidirectional switch tube module 128, the second end of each second bidirectional switch tube module 128 is connected to the second rectifier bridge commutation module 126, and the control end of each second bidirectional switch tube module 128 is connected to the second battery selection module 124.
The first bi-directional switching tube module 118 may be formed by connecting 1 corresponding resistor and 2N-type MOS tubes, wherein the 2N-type MOS tubes are connected back-to-back through sources, one N-type MOS tube is connected to the electrode of the corresponding single battery 810 through a drain, and the other N-type MOS tube is connected to the corresponding first battery selection module 114 through a drain. Similarly, the second bidirectional switch tube module 128 may be formed by connecting 1 corresponding resistor and 2 corresponding N-type MOS tubes, where the 2N-type MOS tubes are connected back-to-back through sources, one N-type MOS tube is connected to the electrode of the corresponding unit cell 810 through a drain, and the other N-type MOS tube is connected to the corresponding second cell selection module 124 through a drain.
For example, the battery pack 80 to be tested includes 10 series-connected single CELLs 810 (e.g., single CELLs cell_h1 to cell_h10), the first battery selection module 112 includes 11 first battery selection modules 114, the negative electrode of the single CELL cell_h1 is connected to a corresponding first battery selection module 114, another corresponding first battery selection module 114 is connected between the positive electrode of the single CELL cell_h1 and the negative electrode of the cell_h2, and so on, the second battery selection module 122 includes 11 second battery selection modules 124, the negative electrode of the single CELL cell_h1 is connected to a corresponding second battery selection module 124, another corresponding second battery selection module 124 is connected between the positive electrode of the single cell_h1 and the negative electrode of the cell_h2, and so on. When the difference value between the maximum voltage signal and the minimum voltage signal is greater than the preset voltage threshold, the control module 40 controls the corresponding first battery selection module 114 to conduct the corresponding first bidirectional switch tube module 118, and then conduct the single battery 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage signal, namely, conduct the single battery 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage signal and the first rectifier bridge reversing module 116, and controls the corresponding second battery selection module 124 to conduct the corresponding second bidirectional switch tube module 128, and then conduct the single battery 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage signal, namely, conduct the single battery 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage signal and the second rectifier bridge reversing module 126, and controls the direct current conversion module 20 to work, so that after the electric signal of the single battery 810 corresponding to the maximum voltage passes through the first rectifier bridge reversing module 116, the direct current conversion module 20 and the second rectifier bridge reversing module 126, the single battery 810 corresponding to the minimum voltage is supplemented, and active balance adjustment of the battery pack 80 to be measured is achieved efficiently and rapidly.
In one example, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first battery selection module 114 includes a first coupling isolator OP1, a first resistor R1 and a first bidirectional diode D1, the second battery selection module 124 includes a second coupling isolator OP2, a second resistor R2 and a second bidirectional diode D2, the first end of the first coupling isolator OP1 is connected to the first power supply, the second end of the first coupling isolator OP1 is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the first bidirectional diode D1, the second end of the first bidirectional diode D1 is connected to another first battery selection module 114 corresponding to the positive pole of the same single cell, the third end of the first coupling isolator OP1 is connected to the second power supply, the fourth end of the first coupling isolator OP1 is connected to the control end of the first bidirectional switch module 118 corresponding to the negative pole of the same single cell, the first end of the second coupling isolator OP2 is connected to the first power supply, the second end of the second coupling isolator OP2 is connected to the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the second bidirectional diode D2, and the second end of the second coupling isolator OP2 is connected to the second end of the second corresponding to the second diode D2.
The first coupling isolator OP1 and the second coupling isolator OP2 are photoelectric coupling isolators. The first bidirectional diode D1 is connected by 2 corresponding diodes via cathodes, and the anode of the first bidirectional diode D1 is connected to the anode of the first bidirectional diode D1 in the other first battery selection module 114. The second bidirectional diode D2 is oppositely connected by 2 corresponding diodes through cathodes, and the anode of the second bidirectional diode D2 is connected to the anode of the second bidirectional diode D2 in the other second battery selection module 124.
As illustrated in fig. 2 and 3, the first rectifier bridge commutation module 116 includes a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a fourth switching tube, a third coupling isolator, a fourth coupling isolator, a fifth coupling isolator, a sixth coupling isolator, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, and an eleventh resistor, and the second rectifier bridge commutation module 126 includes a fifth switching tube, a sixth switching tube, a seventh switching tube, an eighth switching tube, a seventh coupling isolator, an eighth coupling isolator, a ninth coupling isolator, a tenth coupling isolator, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a seventeenth resistor, an eighteenth resistor, a nineteenth resistor, and a twentieth resistor.
The drain electrode of the first switching tube is connected with the first positive end of the direct current conversion module 20, the source electrode of the first switching tube is connected with the drain electrode of the third switching tube, the grid electrode of the first switching tube is connected with the fourth end of the third coupling isolator, the drain electrode of the second switching tube is connected with the first positive end of the direct current conversion module 20, the source electrode of the second switching tube is connected with the drain electrode of the fourth switching tube, the grid electrode of the second switching tube is connected with the fourth end of the fourth coupling isolator, the grid electrode of the third switching tube is connected with the fourth end of the fifth coupling isolator, the source electrode of the fourth switching tube is connected with the first negative end of the direct current conversion module 20, the grid electrode of the fourth switching tube is connected with the fourth end of the sixth coupling isolator, the first end of the third coupling isolator is connected with the corresponding first bidirectional switching tube module 118, the second end of the third coupling isolator is connected with the first end of the third resistor, the second end of the third resistor is connected with the corresponding first bidirectional switching tube module 118, and the third end of the third coupling isolator is connected with the third power supply.
The first end of the fourth coupling isolator is respectively connected with the first end of the fifth coupling isolator and the source electrode of the second switching tube, the second end of the fourth coupling isolator is respectively connected with the first end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the fourth resistor is respectively connected with the first end of the fifth resistor and the drain electrode of the third switching tube, the third end of the fourth coupling isolator is connected with the second end of the fifth resistor, the third end of the fifth coupling isolator is connected with the third end of the sixth coupling isolator, the first end of the sixth coupling isolator is connected with a corresponding first bidirectional switching tube module 118, the second end of the sixth coupling isolator is connected with the first end of the sixth resistor, the second end of the sixth resistor is connected with a corresponding first bidirectional switching tube module 118, the third end of the sixth coupling isolator is connected with the first end of the seventh resistor, the second end of the seventh resistor is connected with the fourth power supply, the second end of the eighth resistor is connected with the fourth end of the fourth coupling isolator, the second end of the eighth resistor is respectively connected with the source electrode of the fourth switching tube and the third end of the corresponding fourth switching tube, the second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the fourth end of the eleventh switching tube, the fourth resistor is connected with the fourth end of the eleventh resistor, and the fourth resistor is connected with the fourth end of the fourth resistor is connected with the fourth resistor.
The drain electrode of the fifth switching tube is connected with the second positive end of the direct current conversion module 20, the source electrode of the fifth switching tube is connected with the drain electrode of the seventh switching tube, the grid electrode of the fifth switching tube is connected with the fourth end of the seventh coupling isolator, the drain electrode of the sixth switching tube is connected with the second positive end of the direct current conversion module 20, the source electrode of the sixth switching tube is connected with the drain electrode of the eighth switching tube, the grid electrode of the sixth switching tube is connected with the fourth end of the eighth coupling isolator, the source electrode of the seventh switching tube is connected with the fourth end of the ninth coupling isolator, the source electrode of the eighth switching tube is connected with the second negative end of the direct current conversion module 20, the grid electrode of the eighth switching tube is connected with the fourth end of the tenth coupling isolator, the first end of the seventh coupling isolator is connected with the corresponding second bidirectional switching tube module 128, the second end of the seventh coupling isolator is connected with the first end of the twelfth resistor, the second end of the twelfth resistor is connected with the corresponding second bidirectional switching tube module 128, and the sixth coupling isolator is connected with the sixth power supply.
The first end of the eighth coupling isolator is respectively connected with the first end of the ninth coupling isolator and the source electrode of the sixth switching tube, the second end of the eighth coupling isolator is connected with the first end of the thirteenth resistor, the second end of the thirteenth resistor is respectively connected with the first end of the fourteenth resistor and the drain electrode of the seventh switching tube, the third end of the eighth coupling isolator is connected with the fifth power supply, the second end of the ninth coupling isolator is connected with the second end of the fourteenth resistor, the third end of the ninth coupling isolator is connected with the third end of the tenth coupling isolator, the first end of the fourth coupling isolator is connected with the corresponding second bidirectional switching tube module 128, the second end of the fourth coupling isolator is connected with the first end of the fifteenth resistor, the second end of the fifteenth resistor is connected with the corresponding fourth bidirectional switching tube module 128, the third end of the fourth coupling isolator is connected with the first end of the sixteenth resistor, the first end of the seventeenth resistor is connected with the fourth power supply, the second end of the seventeenth coupling isolator is connected with the fourth power supply, the second end of the seventeenth coupling isolator is connected with the fourth end of the fourth resistor, the fourth end of the seventeenth coupling isolator is connected with the fourth end of the fourth switching tube, the fourth end of the sixteenth coupling isolator is connected with the fourth end of the fourth switching tube, the eighteenth end of the eighteenth switching tube is connected with the fourth end of the eighth switching tube is connected with the fourth end of the eighth switching tube, the nineteenth end of the eighth switching tube is connected with the nineteenth end of the eighth switching tube, and the nineteenth resistor is connected with the nineteenth end of the nineteenth resistor, and the nineteenth resistor is connected with the eighth resistor.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the battery active equalization circuit further comprises a discharge auxiliary isolation power supply 510 and a charge auxiliary isolation power supply 520, wherein the discharge auxiliary isolation power supply 510 is connected with the discharge loop 110, and the charge auxiliary isolation power supply 520 is connected with the charge loop 120.
The discharge auxiliary isolation power supply 510 adopts a push-pull chip driving transformer, and outputs 2 auxiliary power supplies Vax1 and Vax2 isolated from each other. The charging auxiliary isolation power supply 520 drives a corresponding transformer by adopting a push-pull chip, and outputs 2 auxiliary power supplies Vax3 and Vax4 which are isolated from each other. The negative electrode of the auxiliary power supply Vax1 of the auxiliary isolation power supply 510 is connected with DISCHR _A of the discharge loop 110, the negative electrode of the auxiliary power supply Vax2 is connected with DISCHR _B of the discharge loop 110, the negative electrode of the auxiliary power supply Vax3 of the auxiliary isolation power supply 510 is connected with CHRG_A of the charge loop 120, and the negative electrode of the auxiliary power supply Vax4 is connected with CHRG_B of the charge loop 120.
For example, for discharge loop 110, if cell_h1 is selected to be on, CELL 810 is connected to DISCHR _a and DISCHR _b, DISCHR _b is at a voltage higher than DISCHR _a. If CELL cell_h2 is selected to be on, CELL 810 is connected to DISCHR _a and DISCHR _b, at which time DISCHR _a is higher than DISCHR _b. For charging loop 120, if cell_l1 is selected to be on, then CELL 810 is connected to chr_a and chr_b, which are at a higher voltage than chr_a. If CELL_L2 is selected to be ON, the battery CELLs 810 are connected to CHR_A and CHR_B, where CHR_A is higher than CHR_B.
The condition for conducting the N-type MOS transistor in the first rectifier bridge reversing module 116 is that the voltage applied to the gate of the N-type MOS transistor is higher than the source. Based on the connection of the discharge auxiliary isolation power supply 510 to the first rectifier bridge commutation module 116, when the corresponding coupling isolator in the first rectifier bridge commutation module 116 is turned on, the voltage provided by the corresponding auxiliary power supply to the gate of the N-type MOS transistor is higher than the voltage provided by the corresponding first bidirectional switch transistor module 118, so that the N-type MOS transistor can be turned on, and high-end conduction of the N-type MOS transistor in the first rectifier bridge commutation module 116 is realized. Similarly, the N-type MOS transistor in the second rectifier bridge reversing module 126 is turned on under the condition that the voltage applied to the gate of the N-type MOS transistor is higher than the source. Based on the connection of the charging auxiliary isolation power supply 520 to the second rectifier bridge commutation module 126, when the corresponding coupling isolator in the second rectifier bridge commutation module 126 is turned on, the voltage provided by the voltage of the corresponding auxiliary power supply to the gate of the N-type MOS transistor is higher than the voltage provided by the voltage of the corresponding second bidirectional switch transistor module 128, so that the N-type MOS transistor can be turned on, and high-end conduction of the N-type MOS transistor in the second rectifier bridge commutation module 126 is realized.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, 5 and 11, the first battery selection module 112 includes a plurality of first electronic switches S1 and third bidirectional diodes D3, the second battery selection module 122 includes a plurality of second electronic switches S2 and fourth bidirectional diodes D4, the negative electrode of the single battery 810 is connected to the first end of the corresponding first electronic switch S1, the positive electrode of the single battery 810 is connected to the first end of the corresponding second electronic switch S1, the second end of each first electronic switch S1 is respectively connected to the first rectifying bridge commutation module 116, the control end of the first electronic switch S1 is connected to the first end of the corresponding third bidirectional diode D3, the second end of the third bidirectional diode D3 is connected to the other first battery selection module 114 corresponding to the positive electrode of the same single battery, the control end of the second bidirectional diode D3 is connected to the control module 40, the power supply end of the first electronic switch S1 is connected to the seventh power source, the negative electrode of the single battery 810 is connected to the first end of the corresponding second electronic switch S2, the second end of the positive electrode of the single battery 810 is connected to the corresponding second end of the corresponding second electronic switch S2, the control end of the corresponding second diode 4 is connected to the second end of the corresponding second diode 4 of the second electronic switch S2, and the second end of the corresponding second diode D4 is connected to the second end of the corresponding second electronic switch 4.
The first electronic switch S1 and the second electronic switch S2 can be driven based on magnetic isolation or capacitive isolation and are matched with NMOS (N-channel metal oxide semiconductor) tube packaging, so that higher integration level can be realized, the volume of an equalizing circuit is reduced, and the reliability is improved. The first electronic switch S1 may be a magnetically isolated electronic switch or a capacitively isolated electronic switch, and the second electronic switch S2 may be a magnetically isolated electronic switch or a capacitively isolated electronic switch.
For example, the DISCHARGE loop 110 has DISCHR _a and DISCHR _b connected to the power supply lines, the first electronic switches S1SD1 to SD11 connect the electrodes of each unit cell 810 to DISCHR _a and DISCHR _b of the DISCHARGE loop 110, and the first rectifier bridge commutation module 116 may be composed of electronic switches SR1 to SR4, to achieve the fixation that the DISCHARGE electrode discharge+ of the DISCHARGE loop 110 is positive and DISCHARGE-is negative. The charging circuit 120 has chr_a and chr_b connected to the supply lines, the second electronic switches S2SC1 to SC11 connect the electrodes of each cell 810 to chrg_a and chrg_b of the charging circuit 120, and the second rectifier bridge commutation module 126 may be composed of electronic switches SR5 to SR8, realizing a fixation of the charging electrode charge+ of the discharging circuit 110 positive and CHARGE-negative. Because the electronic switch is internally provided with the isolated DCDC drive, when the isolated power supply works, the electronic switch is turned on, the isolated power supply does not work, and the electronic switch is turned off, so that an isolated optocoupler for assisting the isolated power supply, the discharging loop 110 and the charging loop 120 is not required to be additionally arranged, the circuit for connecting the discharging loop 110 and the charging loop 120 is greatly simplified, the number of components in the circuit is reduced, and the reliability of the circuit is further improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the battery active equalization circuit further includes a discharge selection decoding circuit 610 and a charge selection decoding circuit 620, wherein the discharge selection decoding circuit 610 is connected between the discharge loop 110 and the control module 40, and the charge selection decoding circuit 620 is connected between the charge loop 120 and the control module 40.
The discharging selection decoding circuit 610 is used for ensuring that the system is prevented from being shorted during any preparation stage of starting and resetting, ensuring that any battery is not communicated with the discharging circuit 110, and only one single battery 810 is communicated with the discharging circuit 110 during the active equalization process only when the direct current conversion module 20 is connected.
The charge selection decoding circuit 620 is used to ensure that the system is not shorted to any battery during any preparation phase of power-on and reset, and that no battery is connected to the charging circuit 120, and that only one single battery 810 is connected to the charging circuit 120 during the active equalization process only when the dc conversion module 20 is turned on.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the direct current conversion module 20 includes a DCDC chip P1 and an eleventh coupling isolator OP11, wherein an input end of the eleventh coupling isolator OP11 is connected to the control module 40, an output end of the eleventh coupling isolator OP11 is connected to the DCDC chip P1, and the DCDC chip P1 is connected to the equalization control loop 10.
The eleventh coupling isolator OP11 is a photoelectric coupling isolator.
For example, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 11 and fig. 12, the battery voltage detection circuit 30 is connected to discharge+ and discharge+ of the DISCHARGE circuit 110, when the dc conversion module 20 does not operate, only the battery detection resistors RS1 and RS2 are connected in series on the battery voltage detection circuit 30 to generate weak current, the resistor RS2 on the circuit is in equal proportion to the voltage of the single battery 810, when the DISCHARGE selection decoding circuit 610 is sequentially connected to each single battery 810, the battery voltage detection circuit 30 measures the voltage of each single battery 810, the control module 40 records the highest battery voltage and the lowest battery voltage, judges the difference between the two voltages, if the voltage difference is greater than the preset threshold (for example, set to 2 mV), the single battery 810 corresponding to the highest battery voltage is connected to the DISCHARGE circuit 110, the single battery 810 corresponding to the lowest battery voltage is connected to the charge circuit 120, the control module 40 transmits a enable signal to the DCDC chip P1 through the eleventh coupling isolator OP11 to enable the DCDC chip P1 to start up according to the enable the signal, the single battery 810 is directly connected to the single battery 810 corresponding to the highest battery voltage, the single battery 810 is connected to the lowest battery voltage, and the single battery 810 is fully charged in the same time, and the battery 810 is fully charged in the same level as the active charge phase.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the battery active equalization circuit further comprises a communication interface circuit 70, wherein the communication interface circuit 70 is connected with the control module 40, and the communication interface circuit 70 is used for connecting with a battery management system.
Wherein the communication interface circuit 70 may be, but is not limited to, a CAN communication interface circuit 70.
Because the direct current conversion module 20 is in the working stage, the charging loop 120 and the discharging loop 110 both flow current (usually 1A to 2A), the on resistance of the N-type MOS transistor on the loop is about 10 milliohms to 30 milliohms, the voltage difference is tens mV when the current flows, and the measured voltage value has an error with the actual value. The Battery Management System (BMS) monitors the battery voltage in real time, and the period of inspection is usually not more than 10 ms, if the battery management system communicates with the battery active equalization circuit, when the voltage difference exists between any two single batteries 810, the dc conversion module 20 is started, and when the voltage difference between the two single batteries 810 is reduced to a predetermined value, the dc conversion module 20 is stopped, so that the equalization efficiency can be further improved.
In one embodiment, a battery system is further provided, which comprises a battery pack to be tested, a battery management system and the battery active equalization circuit according to any one of the above, wherein the battery management system is connected with the battery pack to be tested, and the battery active equalization circuit is respectively connected with the battery pack to be tested and the battery management system.
The specific descriptions of the to-be-tested battery pack, the battery management system and the battery active equalization circuit refer to the descriptions of the to-be-tested battery pack, the battery management system and the battery active equalization circuit in the above embodiments, and are not repeated herein.
The battery management system is used for connecting a battery pack to be tested, the battery active equalization circuit is connected with the battery pack to be tested and the battery management system respectively and comprises an equalization control loop, a direct current conversion module, a battery voltage detection circuit and a control module, the equalization control loop is connected with the battery pack to be tested and comprises a plurality of single batteries, the single batteries are connected in series, the direct current conversion module is connected with the equalization control loop, the battery voltage detection circuit is connected with the equalization control loop, the control module is connected with the equalization control loop, the direct current conversion module and the battery voltage detection circuit respectively, the control module is configured to obtain maximum voltage signals and minimum voltage signals in the single batteries, when the maximum voltage signals and the minimum voltage signals meet preset voltage conditions, the equalization control loop is controlled to be connected with the single battery corresponding to the maximum voltage signals and the single battery corresponding to the minimum voltage signals, and the direct current conversion module is controlled to supplement electricity from the single battery corresponding to the minimum voltage, and active equalization adjustment of the battery pack to be tested is achieved efficiently and rapidly.
In the above embodiment, the voltage of each single battery is detected by the battery voltage detection circuit, so that the control module controls the equalization control circuit to work according to the maximum voltage signal and the minimum voltage signal in each single battery, so that the equalization control circuit is connected with the single battery corresponding to the maximum voltage signal and the single battery corresponding to the minimum voltage signal, and controls the direct current conversion module to work, so that the single battery corresponding to the maximum voltage charges the single battery corresponding to the minimum voltage, only one power conversion efficiency loss is required to be generated, the loss of time interval is avoided, the active equalization efficiency of the battery is improved, the active equalization speed of the battery is improved, and the service life of a battery system is prolonged.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202510995680.3A CN120710178A (en) | 2025-07-18 | 2025-07-18 | Battery active equalization circuit and battery system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202510995680.3A CN120710178A (en) | 2025-07-18 | 2025-07-18 | Battery active equalization circuit and battery system |
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