CN1494907A - 治疗疼痛的药物组合物 - Google Patents
治疗疼痛的药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1494907A CN1494907A CNA031556345A CN03155634A CN1494907A CN 1494907 A CN1494907 A CN 1494907A CN A031556345 A CNA031556345 A CN A031556345A CN 03155634 A CN03155634 A CN 03155634A CN 1494907 A CN1494907 A CN 1494907A
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- Prior art keywords
- pain
- olanzapine
- medicine
- treating
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Abstract
本发明提供了包含奥氮平或其可药用的盐或溶剂化物,和氟苯氧丙胺或其可药用盐药物组合物。所述组合物可用于治疗疼痛。
Description
本申请是基于申请号为97194951.4,国际申请日为1997/3/24,发明名称为治疗疼痛的方法的申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明提供了包含2-甲基-4-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)-10H-噻吩并-[2,3-b][1,5]苯并二氮杂(下文称为“奥氮平”)和氟苯氧丙胺的药物组合物。所述组合物用于治疗疼痛。
背景技术
令人惊奇的是,我们已经发现,当与可用于治疗疼痛的药物结合使用时奥氮平可以特别有用地用于治疗疼痛。更具体地讲,本发明提供了用奥氮平与可用于治疗疼痛的药物结合增效地治疗动物疼痛的方法以提供增效效果。
有许多可用于治疗疼痛的药物,它们在文献中是已知的并对本领域技术人员来说也是已知的。阿司匹林与可待因或其他麻醉镇痛药的口服结合物已知提供了对人的增加的镇痛作用。参见:治疗学的药理学基础,第五版,Macmillan Publishing Co.,1975,pp.325-358。
不断需要更活性的镇痛药结合物,因为它们提供了有吸引力的、用减少的剂量解除疼痛的、因此最大限度地减少预期用较高剂量可能带来的副作用和毒性的可能性。特别需要提供一种增效结合效果。这样一种结合就是本发明的主题。
已知奥氮平可提供抗精神病药物活性并且是治疗精神病的市售药。奥氮平是已知化合物并描述于美国专利5229382,用于治疗精神分裂症、精神分裂症样疾病,急性躁狂,中度焦虑症和精神病。美国专利5229382全文引入本文作为参考。令人惊奇的是,根据本发明,申请人已发现奥氮平可用于治疗疼痛并且当与一种或多种可用于治疗疼痛的药物一起给药时可以提供增效作用。奥氮平可满足长期安全有效地治疗疼痛的需要。
发明内容
本发明提供了治疗疼痛的方法,该方法包括给需要所述治疗的病人施用一种镇痛剂组合物,该组合物包含奥氮平或其可药用的盐和一种或多种可用于治疗疼痛的药物,其中奥氮平与可用于治疗疼痛的药物的重量比为约1份奥氮平对约1至约1000份的可用于治疗疼痛的药物。
优选的组合物是奥氮平与可用于治疗疼痛的药物的重量比为约1份奥氮平对约1至约100份的可用于治疗疼痛的药物。尤其优选的比例是约1份奥氮平对约1至约30份的可用于治疗疼痛的药物。进一步优选的比例可以是约1份奥氮平对约1至约10份的可用于治疗疼痛的药物。最优选的比例可以是约1份奥氮平对约1至约3份的可用于治疗疼痛的药物。
一组优选的可用于治疗疼痛的药物是非甾族抗炎药(下文称为“NSAIDS”),并且包括,但绝不限于,水杨酸类如阿司匹林。另一组优选的NSAIDS包括,但不限于,消炎痛、布洛芬、奈普生、苯氧苯丙酸、甲苯酰吡酸、苏灵大、甲氯灭酸盐、优洛芬、炎痛喜康、氟联苯丙酸和双氯高灭酸。
特别优选的NSAIDS选自布洛芬和奈普生。另一种特别优选的NSAIDS是阿司匹林。
本发明进一步提供了治疗疼痛的组合物,该组合物包含奥氮平或其可药用的盐或溶剂化物和一种或多种可用于治疗疼痛的药物,其中奥氮平与可用于治疗疼痛的药物的重量比为约1份奥氮平对约1至约1000份的可用于治疗疼痛的药物。
奥氮平是下式化合物
或其酸加成盐。
特别优选II型奥氮平多晶型物,该多晶型物具有由下列面间距所表示的标准x-射线粉末衍射类型:
d
10.2689
8.577
7.4721
7.125
6.1459
6.071
5.4849
5.2181
5.1251
4.9874
4.7665
4.7158
4.4787
4.3307
4.2294
4.141
3.9873
3.7206
3.5645
3.5366
3.3828
3.2516
3.134
3.0848
3.0638
3.0111
2.8739
2.8102
2.7217
2.6432
2.6007
II型x-射线衍射类型的典型例子如下,其中d代表面间距,I/I1代表标准相对强度:
d I/I1
10.2689 100.00
8.577 7.96
7.4721 1.41
7.125 6.50
6.1459 3.12
6.071 5.12
5.4849 0.52
5.2181 6.86
5.1251 2.47
4.9874 7.41
4.7665 4.03
4.7158 6.80
4.4787 14.72
4.3307 1.48
4.2294 23.19
4.141 11.28
3.9873 9.01
3.7206 14.04
3.5645 2.27
3.5366 4.85
3.3828 3.47
3.2516 1.25
3.134 0.81
3.0848 0.45
3.0638 1.34
3.0111 3.51
2.8739 0.79
2.8102 1.47
2.7217 0.20
2.6432 1.26
2.6007 0.77
本文所列的x-射线衍射类型是用波长l=1.541埃的铜Kα辐射源的西门子D5000 x-射线粉末衍射侧量仪得到的。
进一步优选的是将II型奥氮平多晶型物以基本上纯的II型奥氮平多晶型物给药。
文中所用的“基本上纯的”是指含少于约5%I型、优选少于约2%I型、更优选少于约1%I型的II型。此外,“基本上纯的”II型优选含少于约0.5%的相关物质,其中“相关物质”指不想要的化学杂质或残留溶剂或水。具体地讲,“基本上纯的”II型应含少于约0.05%的乙腈,更优选少于约0.005%的乙腈。另外,本发明的多晶型物应含有少于0.5%的缔合水。
用专利US 5229382中教导的方法得到的多晶型物被称作I型,其具有用西门子D5000 x-射线粉末衍射侧量仪得到的基本如下的一般x-射线粉末衍射类型,其中d代表面间距:
d
9.9463
8.5579
8.2445
6.8862
6.3787
6.2439
5.5895
5.3055
4.9815
4.8333
4.7255
4.6286
4.533
4.4624
4.2915
4.2346
4.0855
3.8254
3.7489
3.6983
3.5817
3.5064
3.3392
3.2806
3.2138
3.1118
3.0507
2.948
2.8172
2.7589
2.6597
2.6336
2.5956
I型的x-射线衍射类型的典型例子如下,其中d代表面间距,I/I1代表标准相对强度:
d I/I1
9.9463 100.00
8.5579 15.18
8.2445 1.96
6.8862 14.73
6.3787 4.25
6.2439 5.21
5.5895 1.10
5.3055 0.95
4.9815 6.14
4.8333 68.37
4.7255 21.88
4.6286 3.82
4.533 17.83
4.4624 5.02
4.2915 9.19
4.2346 18.88
4.0855 17.29
3.8254 6.49
3.7489 10.64
3.6983 14.65
3.5817 3.04
3.5064 9.23
3.3392 4.67
3.2806 1.96
3.2138 2.52
3.1118 4.81
3.0507 1.96
2.948 2.40
2.8172 2.89
2.7589 2.27
2.6597 1.86
2.6336 1.10
2.5956 1.73
本文所列的x-射线衍射类型是用波长l=1.541埃的铜Kα得到的。“d”栏中的面间距以埃计。“I/I1”栏中是标准相对强度。
本文所用的术语“可用于治疗疼痛的药物”是指本领域技术人员已知具有临床镇痛活性的化合物或其可药用的盐。本文所用的可用于治疗疼痛的药物包括,但绝不限于,NSAIDS、类鸦片化合物和α-肾上腺素能化合物。
可用于治疗疼痛的药物也包括经典的本领域技术人员已知的镇痛药。参见,例如,Good和Gillman,治疗学的药理学基础,第五版,Macmillan Publishing Co.,1975,pp.325-358,以及所述的本领域技术人员常查阅的类似参考文献。因此,该术语包括,例如,扑热息痛3号、三环类抗抑郁药(例如,去甲丙咪嗪、丙咪嗪、amytriptiline、去甲替林)、抗惊厥药(例如,卡马西平、gatapentine、丙戊酸盐)以及5-羟色胺再吸收抑制剂(例如,氟苯氧丙胺、氟苯哌苯醚、氰酞氟苯胺、舌曲林)、混合的5-羟色胺-去甲肾上腺素再吸收抑制剂(例如,venlafaxine、duloxetine)、5-羟色胺受体激动剂和拮抗剂、胆碱能(毒蕈碱的和烟碱样的)镇痛药以及神经激肽拮抗剂。
特别优选的可用于治疗疼痛的药物可以选自三环类抗抑郁药、抗惊厥药和5-羟色胺-去甲肾上腺素再吸收抑制剂.
本文所用的术语“α-肾上腺素能化合物”是指具有中枢α-肾上腺素能受体活性的化合物。最优选的中枢α-肾上腺素能活性化合物是具有化学名称2-(2,6-二氯苯基氨基)-2-咪唑啉的可乐宁或其可药用的盐。新的α-肾上腺素能活性药剂正在进行药理学发展。本发明包括所有这样的起中枢α-肾上腺素能活性化合物作用的药剂。
可乐宁已知被用于治疗高血压。参见:Physicians’DeskReference,第45版(1991)p.673。
本文所用的术语“类鸦片化合物”具有本领域技术人员常与该术语联系的意义。优选的类鸦片化合物选自吗啡、可待因、度冷丁、非那酮、丙氧芬、羟甲左吗喃、二氢吗啡酮、羟氢吗啡酮、羟氢可待酮、brompton’s鸡尾酒、戊唑辛、环丁羟吗喃、nabuphine和叔丁啡。
本文所用的术语“NSAIDS”代表可被本领域技术人员同样地鉴定的非甾类抗炎药。例如the Merck Manual,第16版,Merck ResearchLaboratories(1990)pp 1308-1309提供了众所周知的NSAIDS的实例。该术语包括,但不限于,水杨酸类如阿司匹林。此外,该术语包括,但不限于,消炎痛、布洛芬、奈普生、苯氧苯丙酸、甲苯酰吡酸、苏灵大、甲氯灭酸盐、优洛芬、炎痛喜康、氟联苯丙酸和双氯高灭酸。尤其优选的NSAIDS包括布洛芬和奈普生。另一种尤其优选的NSAIDS是阿司匹林。特别优选的NSAIDS是阿司匹林和布洛芬。水杨酸类可以包括乙酰水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸钠、乙酰水杨酸钙、水杨酸和水杨酸钠。术语NSAIDS是指作为非甾族抗炎药起作用的任何化合物。申请人理解,新的NSAIDS可能在发展,本发明也将包括包含这样的新药剂和奥氮平的增效组合物。
文中所用术语“动物”指脊椎动物。最优选的脊椎动物是哺乳动物。文中所用术语“哺乳动物”应指高等脊椎动物中的哺乳动物纲。术语“哺乳动物”包括,但不限于,人。文中所用术语“治疗”包括对所述疾病的预防或者减轻或消除已存在的疾病。
在本发明的组合物中,奥氮平或其可药用的盐和一种或多种可用于治疗疼痛的药物以奥氮平与可用于治疗疼痛的药物的重量比为约1份奥氮平对约1至约1000份的可用于治疗疼痛的药物的比例结合。
优选的组合物是奥氮平与可用于治疗疼痛的药物的重量比为约1份奥氮平对约1至约100份的可用于治疗疼痛的药物。尤其优选的比例是约1份奥氮平对约1至约30份的可用于治疗疼痛的药物。进一步优选的比例可以是约1份奥氮平对约1至约10份的可用于治疗疼痛的药物。最优选的比例可以是约1份奥氮平对约1至约3份的可用于治疗疼痛的药物。
奥氮平在很宽的剂量范围内均是有效的,但是,理想的是施用尽可能小的剂量。可用于治疗疼痛的药物在组合物中的量如上所述按照对奥氮平的剂量的比例进行调节。例如,每天的奥氮平剂量通常为约0.1mg/天-约30mg/天,而在组合物中可用于治疗疼痛的药物的量可以是该量的大约3至大约1000倍。但是,应理解,实际施用的化合物量是由医生根据有关因素包括待治疗的疾病、选择的施用的化合物、个体患者的年龄、体重和反应、患者症状的严重性以及所选的给药途径来确定,因此,上述剂量范围不以任何方式限制本发明范围。尽管本发明化合物优选经口施用给对疼痛敏感或患疼痛的人,但是也可将所述化合物以各种其他途径如经皮、胃肠外、皮下、鼻内、肌内以及静脉内途径给药。可利用本领域已知的制剂技术设计提供缓释或控释制剂。
文中所用术语“治疗”包括预防生理和/或精神疾病或在疾病一建立便改善或解除现存的疾病或减轻这种疾病的特征性症状。
文中所用术语“疼痛”是指所有类型的疼痛。优选地,该术语是指慢性疼痛如神经性疼痛和术后疼痛、慢性下背痛、丛集性头痛、疱疹神经痛、假肢痛、中枢性痛、牙痛、神经性疼痛、类阿片物质抗药性疼痛、内脏疼痛、手术疼痛、骨损伤痛、在分娩过程中的疼痛、烧伤产生的疼痛,包括晒伤产生的疼痛、产后疼痛、偏头痛、心绞痛以及生殖泌尿道疼痛,包括膀胱炎。该术语也优选指感受伤害性疼痛或感受伤害。
药理学研究结果表明奥氮平有毒蕈碱胆碱能受体活性。该化合物对多巴胺D-1和D-2受体有活性,如在3H-SCH233390(Billard等,生命科学35:1885(1984))和3H螺环哌啶酮(Seeman等,自然,216:717(1976))结合试验中的IC50均小于1μM所表明的。此外,奥氮平对5-HT-2受体和5-HT1C受体有活性。该化合物复杂的药理学活性提供了可用于治疗疼痛的药物。
当然,给药剂量应随已知因素如具体药物的药物动力学特征以及其给药方式和途径;接受者的年龄、健康情况和体重;症状的性质和程度、同时治疗的类型、治疗频率以及所希望的效果而改变。通常,每天的剂量可以是以每天施用约0.2-约30mg奥氮平和约0.6-约200mg/kg的可用于治疗疼痛的药物的剂量施用活性成分。
文中在描述组合物时所用的术语“份”根据具体情况是指组合物中与可用于治疗疼痛的药物成比例的重量份数。
适用于内服的组合物每单位含有约0.5mg-约600mg的活性成分。在这些药物组合物中,活性成分以占总组合物重量约0.5%-约95%的量存在。
典型的药物组合物含有奥氮平或其可药用的酸加成盐和一种或多种可用于治疗疼痛的药物以及可作为载体的可药用赋形剂、或稀释剂,或将其用载体稀释,或包封在可以是胶囊、小药囊、纸或其他容器的载体内。在制备本发明组合物时,可以使用制备药物组合物的常规技术。例如,通常将活性成分与载体混合,或将其用载体稀释,或包封在可以是安瓿、胶囊、小药囊、纸或其他容器的载体内。当载体起稀释剂的作用时,它可以是作为活性成分的载体、赋形剂或溶媒的固体、半固体或液体材料。可将活性成分吸附在颗粒状固体容器如小药囊上。适宜载体的一些例子是水、盐溶液、醇类、聚乙二醇类、多羟基乙氧基化的蓖麻油、明胶、乳糖、直链淀粉、硬脂酸镁、滑石、硅酸、脂肪酸单甘油酯和二甘油酯、季戊四醇脂肪酸酯、羟甲基纤维素和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。所述制剂也可以包括润湿剂、乳化和悬浮剂、防腐剂、增甜剂或调味剂。可用本领域熟知的方法配制本发明的制剂以便可在向患者给药后提供快速、缓释或延迟释放活性成分。
如果需要可将药物制剂灭菌并与同所述活性化合物不发生有害反应的辅剂、乳化剂、影响渗透压的盐、缓冲剂和/或着色剂等混合。
对于胃肠外应用,特别适宜的是含有溶解于多羟基化蓖麻油的活性成分的可注射溶液或悬浮液,优选含水溶液。
含有滑石和/或碳水化合物载体或粘合剂等的片剂、糖锭剂或胶囊特别适用于经口应用。用于片剂、糖锭剂或胶囊优选的载体包括乳糖、玉米淀粉和/或马铃薯淀粉。在可以使用增甜载体的情况下,也可以使用糖浆或酏剂。
通常,可将组合物分散于单位形式中,所述单位形式每单位剂量在可药用载体中含有约1mg-约30mg奥氮平。
首选,将所述固体口服制剂包装在可使制剂防潮和避光的包装材料中。例如,适宜的包装材料包括琥珀色高密度聚乙烯瓶、琥珀色玻璃瓶和用可阻止光通过的材料制成的其他容器。包装中最好含有干燥剂袋。可将容器用铝箔泡密封以提供理想的保护作用并保持产品的稳定性。
本发明组合物适宜施用给动物。所述动物包括驯养动物如家畜、实验室动物和家庭宠物,以及非驯养动物如野生动物。所述动物首选脊椎动物。首选将本发明化合物施用给哺乳动物。特别优选所述动物是驯养的哺乳动物或人。为了达到所述目的,可将本发明化合物作为饲料添加剂施用。
首选哺乳动物是人。
实用性试验方法
首先在小鼠上完成的试验证实了本发明组合物的意想不到的增加的镇痛活性。在试验时,使用约18-25克重小鼠完成下列试验。向所有小鼠经口施用奥氮平和/或可用于治疗疼痛的药物。
小鼠粗体(writhing)试验
用于检测和比较不同类型镇痛化合物之镇痛活性并且与人镇痛活性非常相关的已接受的标准是防止乙酸诱导的小鼠扭体反应[R.Koster等人,乙酸用于镇痛剂筛选,
Fed.Proc.18:412,1959]。
在指定的观察期前5分钟,给已用各种剂量的奥氮平、可用于治疗疼痛的药物、奥氮平和可用于治疗疼痛的药物的结合物或载体处理过的小鼠腹膜内注射标准挑战剂量的乙酸。乙酸被配制成0.55%溶液,以0.1mg/10g体重的体积注射。为了记录的目的,将“扭体”表示为在施用乙酸后大约5分钟开始的观察期内腹部的整体伸展或收缩。
坐骨神经结扎模型:
一种已接受的用来评估神经性疼痛镇痛活性的模型是坐骨神经结扎模型[Bennett,G.J.and Xie,Y.-K,“在大鼠中产生与人类中所见相似的疼痛感觉之疾病的外周单神经病学”,
疼痛33(1988)87-107;Lee,Y.-W.,Chaplan,S.R.和Yaksh,T.L.:在大鼠神经性疼痛模型中全身和脊椎上的而不是脊椎的鸦片制剂抑制异常性疼痛(allodynia),Neuroci Lett 186(1995)111-114]。麻醉大鼠并进行神经结扎。露出常见的坐骨神经,用4根结扎线松松地将其系住,留出约1mm的空间。手术后1天至10星期,进行感受伤害疼痛试验。通过将大鼠放在带有清洁玻璃地板的室中,使患病爪的趾面对准来自地板的辐射热源以确定对有害热的反应。缩回后爪的等待时间的增加证明了镇痛活性。通过将大鼠放在带有隔离地板的室中,然后用分级的von Frey毛发刺激后爪趾面以确定对正常无害机械刺激的反应,所述von Frey毛发通过使其弯曲所需的力的克数来校正。坐骨神经结扎的大鼠与未手术的大鼠相比,对较低克数的机械刺激发生反应而表现为反射缩回。对通常无害刺激的这种反应称为异常性疼痛。使爪缩回所需的机械力克数的增加证明了抗异常性疼痛活性。
福尔马林试验:
福尔马林试验是一个普遍接受了的炎症模型[Malmberg,A.B.和Yaksh,T.L.:在大鼠的福尔马林试验中脊椎非甾族抗炎药的抗感受伤害疼痛作用,
药理学和试验治疗学杂志263(1992)136-146]。将大鼠麻醉,并当自发运动丧失后用30号针在后爪的背侧表面给它们皮下注射50μl的5%福尔马林溶液。然后,将大鼠分别地置于一个敞开的Plexiglas室中进行观察,在最大间隔1-2分钟内动物从麻醉状态恢复到了自发活性和正常的运动机能。疼痛行为用周期性地对被注射过的爪的自发畏缩/摇动的情况进行计数来定量。在10-60分钟的间隔期间在1-2、5-6和以5分钟各间隔对畏缩各计数1分钟。疼痛行为的抑制代表镇痛活性。
用已接受的数学方法测定所有ED50值和它们的平均标准误差(S.E.M.)。例如,参见R.E.Kirk(1982),实验设计:用于行为科学的方法步骤,第2版,Belmont,CA:Brooks/Cole Publishing Co.。通过Loewe isobologram(S.Loewe,Pharm.Rev.9:237-242,1957)图示说明剂量对小鼠或大鼠的镇痛的相互作用。
在小鼠中奥氮平和可用于治疗疼痛的药物对镇痛的相互作用通过Loewe isobologram分析法证明。在该isobologram分析法中,奥氮平的镇痛作用表示在X-轴上,而可用于治疗疼痛的其他药物的镇痛作用表示在Y-轴上。连接单独的奥氮平和单独的可用于治疗疼痛的药物的ED50剂量的线表示“ED50加合线”,它表明如果用简单的相加来描述奥氮平和可用于治疗疼痛的药物的结合作用的话它们的ED50值的预期位置。根据Loewe的isobolographic理论,如果奥氮平和可用于治疗疼痛的药物的镇痛作用是简单地相加的话,则各固定剂量比率的奥氮平和可用于治疗疼痛的药物的ED50值的预期位置将位于加合线上。位于明显低于ED50加合线的位置的结合ED50值将代表意想不到的增加的镇痛活性,而位于明显高于ED50加合线的位置的结合ED50值将代表意想不到的降低的镇痛活性。
一种建立这种出人意料的增加或降低的活性的显著性的方法是对每个ED50值计算其SEM值。如果SEM值不与加合线重叠,则ED50值明显不同于加合线。
令人惊奇的是,这样的实验证明了由奥氮平和可用于治疗疼痛的药物组成的组合物显示出统计学上显著的增效镇痛作用。
例如,吗啡和奥氮平在1份奥氮平对10份吗啡的比例和1份奥氮平对30份吗啡的比例时在小鼠扭体试验中显示出统计学上显著的镇痛作用。对一定比率范围的奥氮平和双氯高灭酸、奥氮平和布洛芬以及奥氮平和扑热息痛的结合物得到了相似的结果。
应该理解,给出本说明和实例只是用来进行说明而不是进行限制,并且在不离开本发明的精神和范围的情况下可以进行各种改进和变化。
令人惊奇的是,这样的实验证明了由奥氮平和一种或多种可用于治疗疼痛的药物组成的组合物提供了统计学上显著的增效镇痛作用。
临床观察:
设计双盲多中心临床试验以评估奥氮平的安全性和效力。随机给患者奥氮平、本发明的组合物、单独的可用于治疗疼痛的药物或安慰剂。用标准方法监测患者的疼痛感受。
本发明所用的物质可购买到或通过本领域技术人员熟知的各种方法来制备。可按照Chakrabarti在美国专利5229382(该专利全文引入本文作为参考)中所作的描述制备奥氮平。此外,下列制备例具体说明了用于制备特别优选的II型奥氮平多晶型物的方法。
化合物鉴定方法包括,例如x-射线粉末类型分析法、热重量分析法(TGA)、示差扫描量热法(DSC)、对水的滴定分析法和对溶剂含量的
H1-NMR分析法。
具体实施方式
提供下列实施例的目的是为了说明目的,而不是构成对本发明范围的限制。
制备例1
工业级奥氮平
中间体1
向适宜的三颈烧瓶中加入下列物质:
二甲亚砜(分析纯): 6体积
中间体1: 75g
N-甲基哌嗪(试剂纯): 6当量
可用本领域技术人员已知的方法制备中间体1.例如,美国专利5229382中教导了中间体1的制备方法。
液面下通入氮气流以除去在反应过程中形成的氨。将反应液加热到120℃,并在整个反应过程中保持该温度。通过HPLC监测反应,直到剩余≤5%的中间体1未反应。反应结束后,将混合物缓慢冷却至20℃(约2小时)。然后将反应混合物转移到适宜的三颈圆底烧瓶中并置于水浴中。搅拌下向该溶液中加入10体积试剂纯的甲醇,然后将反应液在20℃搅拌30分钟。在约30分钟内缓慢加入3体积水。将反应浆液冷却到0至5℃并搅拌30分钟。将产物过滤并将湿的滤饼用冷甲醇洗涤。将湿的滤饼在45℃下真空干燥过夜。经鉴定,产物为工业纯奥氮平。
产率:76.7%;效力:98.1%
制备例2
II型奥氮平多晶型物
将270g工业纯2-甲基-4-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)-10H-噻吩并[2,3-b][1,5]苯并二氮杂卓样品悬浮于无水乙酸乙酯(2.7L)中。将混合物加热到76℃,并在76℃保持30分钟。将混合物冷却到25℃。真空过滤分离产生的产物。经x-射线粉末分析鉴定,所述产物是II型。
产量:197g。
上述用于制备II型的方法提供了效力≥97%,总相关物质<0.5%,且分离的产率>73%的精细药物产品。
实施例1
将部分羟丙基纤维素溶解在纯水中以形成用于制粒的溶液。将剩余的极细的羟丙基纤维素(共4.0%w/w最终片剂重)与奥氮平(1.18%w/w)、布洛芬(3%w/w)、乳糖(79.32%w/w)和部分交联聚维酮(5%w/w)在高剪切成粒机中混合。在加入前将所有成分安全过筛,然后在成粒机中干法混合。然后将该混合物与羟丙基纤维素溶液在高剪切成粒机中制粒。用标准方法将颗粒湿法过筛。然后将湿颗粒在流化床干燥器中干燥并过筛。然后将材料加到鼓转仓混合器中。
将由微晶纤维素(颗粒)(10%w/w)、硬脂酸镁(0.5%w/w)和剩余的交联聚维酮组成的流动粉末加到过筛后的颗粒中。将混合物混合并用压片装置上的适宜工具压片。
内层包衣:
将羟丙甲基纤维素(10%w/w)与纯水混合以形成溶液。将片芯分成近似相等的部分并用羟丙甲基纤维素溶液喷雾包衣。该操作在开孔包衣锅中进行。
片芯的包衣:
将着色混合物白(Color Mixture White)(羟丙基甲基纤维素、聚乙二醇、吐温80和二氧化钛)与纯水混合形成包衣悬浮液。将内层包衣的片剂分成近似相等的部分并用上述包衣悬浮液喷雾包衣。该操作在开孔包衣锅中进行。
将包衣片剂用巴西棕榈蜡粉打光并打上适宜的标记。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗疼痛的组合物,该组合物包含奥氮平或其可药用的盐或溶剂化物,和氟苯氧丙胺或其可药用盐,其中奥氮平与氟苯氧丙胺或其可药用盐的重量比为约1份奥氮平对约1至约100份的氟苯氧丙胺或其可药用盐。
2.权利要求1的组合物,其中奥氮平是II型奥氮平多晶型物。
3.权利要求1或2的组合物,其中奥氮平与氟苯氧丙胺或其可药用盐的重量比为1重量份的奥氮平比1-10重量份的氟苯氧丙胺或其可药用盐。
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US1412996P | 1996-03-25 | 1996-03-25 | |
| US1413296P | 1996-03-25 | 1996-03-25 | |
| US1413096P | 1996-03-25 | 1996-03-25 | |
| US1412896P | 1996-03-25 | 1996-03-25 | |
| US014128 | 1996-03-25 | ||
| US014129 | 1996-03-25 | ||
| US014130 | 1996-03-25 | ||
| US014132 | 1996-03-25 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB971949514A Division CN1146421C (zh) | 1996-03-25 | 1997-03-24 | 治疗疼痛的组合物以及药物在制备所述组合物中的应用 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1494907A true CN1494907A (zh) | 2004-05-12 |
Family
ID=27486362
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB971949514A Expired - Fee Related CN1146421C (zh) | 1996-03-25 | 1997-03-24 | 治疗疼痛的组合物以及药物在制备所述组合物中的应用 |
| CNA031556345A Pending CN1494907A (zh) | 1996-03-25 | 1997-03-24 | 治疗疼痛的药物组合物 |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB971949514A Expired - Fee Related CN1146421C (zh) | 1996-03-25 | 1997-03-24 | 治疗疼痛的组合物以及药物在制备所述组合物中的应用 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5945416A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0921802A4 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2000507945A (zh) |
| CN (2) | CN1146421C (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU725556B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9708254A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2250187A1 (zh) |
| CZ (1) | CZ296263B6 (zh) |
| EA (1) | EA000976B1 (zh) |
| IL (1) | IL126203A (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO318035B1 (zh) |
| NZ (1) | NZ332039A (zh) |
| PL (1) | PL187926B1 (zh) |
| UA (1) | UA48219C2 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1997035586A1 (zh) |
| YU (1) | YU42198A (zh) |
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| US5229382A (en) * | 1990-04-25 | 1993-07-20 | Lilly Industries Limited | 2-methyl-thieno-benzodiazepine |
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| WO1997035585A1 (en) * | 1996-03-25 | 1997-10-02 | Eli Lilly And Company | Anesthetic method |
-
1997
- 1997-03-24 AU AU25430/97A patent/AU725556B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-03-24 EP EP97916947A patent/EP0921802A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-03-24 CN CNB971949514A patent/CN1146421C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-24 NZ NZ332039A patent/NZ332039A/en unknown
- 1997-03-24 JP JP9534530A patent/JP2000507945A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1997-03-24 WO PCT/US1997/004721 patent/WO1997035586A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-03-24 IL IL12620397A patent/IL126203A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-24 US US08/823,461 patent/US5945416A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-24 UA UA98095011A patent/UA48219C2/uk unknown
- 1997-03-24 CZ CZ0298298A patent/CZ296263B6/cs unknown
- 1997-03-24 CN CNA031556345A patent/CN1494907A/zh active Pending
- 1997-03-24 BR BR9708254A patent/BR9708254A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-03-24 CA CA002250187A patent/CA2250187A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-03-24 EA EA199800857A patent/EA000976B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-24 PL PL32921197A patent/PL187926B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-09-23 NO NO19984431A patent/NO318035B1/no unknown
- 1998-09-25 YU YU42198A patent/YU42198A/sh unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| UA48219C2 (uk) | 2002-08-15 |
| EP0921802A1 (en) | 1999-06-16 |
| PL187926B1 (pl) | 2004-11-30 |
| CZ298298A3 (cs) | 1999-01-13 |
| NO984431L (no) | 1998-11-19 |
| PL329211A1 (en) | 1999-03-15 |
| EP0921802A4 (en) | 2002-05-08 |
| EA199800857A1 (ru) | 1999-02-25 |
| YU42198A (sh) | 1999-09-27 |
| IL126203A (en) | 2002-12-01 |
| CZ296263B6 (cs) | 2006-02-15 |
| NZ332039A (en) | 2000-06-23 |
| CN1146421C (zh) | 2004-04-21 |
| US5945416A (en) | 1999-08-31 |
| CN1219877A (zh) | 1999-06-16 |
| WO1997035586A1 (en) | 1997-10-02 |
| IL126203A0 (en) | 1999-05-09 |
| AU725556B2 (en) | 2000-10-12 |
| AU2543097A (en) | 1997-10-17 |
| CA2250187A1 (en) | 1997-10-02 |
| EA000976B1 (ru) | 2000-08-28 |
| NO984431D0 (no) | 1998-09-23 |
| NO318035B1 (no) | 2005-01-24 |
| JP2000507945A (ja) | 2000-06-27 |
| BR9708254A (pt) | 1999-08-03 |
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