CN204174182U - Make pipeline reliably pressure be directed through the system of the pressure shell of gasifying reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a system for reliably guiding a pipeline through the pressure shell of a gasification reactor operating at a gasification pressure of up to 10MPa and a gasification temperature of up to 1900°C , wherein a pressure chamber is arranged on the outer side of the pressure shell under atmospheric pressure, the pressure chamber is connected on one side to the gasification reactor under gasification pressure via a pressure-tight first lead-through chamber connection, the pressure chamber is closed on the other side by a pressure-tight second lead-through, the pipeline is passed through the pressure-tight first lead-through by the chamber under gasification pressure, the pressure The chamber and the pressure-tight second lead-through are led to atmospheric pressure, the pressure chamber is at atmospheric pressure during normal operation, the pressure in the pressure chamber is monitored by means of a pressure measuring device, and when a pressure rise is indicated Leakages in the threading device are detected by the pressure measuring device.

Description

System for reliable pressure-guiding of lines through the pressure shell of a gasification reactor

technical field

The utility model relates to a system for reliably guiding a pipeline (12) through a pressure shell (11) of a gasification reactor operating at a gasification pressure of up to 10 MPa and a gasification temperature of up to 1900°C . the

Background technique

The utility model relates to temperature measurement in a cooling hood of an entrained bed gasifier in which a liquid or dusty solid fuel containing dust is produced by partial oxidation of an oxidizing medium containing free oxygen Synthetic primordial gas. The partial oxidation is carried out at a temperature between 1300° C. and 1900° C. and at a pressure of up to 10 MPa. Liquid fuels are understood in particular to be heavy oils from petroleum processing, tars obtained from thermal fuel processing and suspensions consisting of oil and water with solid fuels ground into dust, which have more than 2% (mass percentage) Dust content counted as dusty solid fuels finely ground coal with different degrees of coalification, dust consisting of biomass, thermally pretreated products such as coke, dry products formed by "torrefaction" and High calorific value fractions of regional and commercial residues and wastes. The combustion dust is supplied as a gas-solid-suspension in the case of high material density according to the principle of flowing water transport. The gasification reactor can be provided with a cooling jacket or a refractory lining, as shown in patent documents DE 4446803 and EP 0677567. Depending on the system introduced in this technology, the raw gas and the slag of the molten stream can be separated or removed together from the gasification chamber of the gasification device, as shown in DE 19718131. A detailed description of the overall technique is in J. Carl, P. Fritz, NOELL-KONVERSATIONSVERFAHREN, EF Press, 1996, pp. 25-53. Since the gasification temperature in the reaction chamber of the entrained bed gasifier cannot be measured, the measurement of the temperature in the cooling jacket through which the water flows offers the possibility of indirect inferences about the conditions in the gasification chamber. the

The prior art to date is shown in patent document DD 145024. To this end, it is proposed to use a method and a device by means of which the temperature and the reaction process present in the reaction chamber of a gasification reactor for the partial oxidation of fuel containing dust are monitored and the obtained information is used for controlling the Measured variables of the process. This proposal can be used for reactions whose reaction chamber is delimited by a cooling jacket through which a cooling medium flows. For this purpose, the amount of heat transferred to a liquid cooling medium, for example water under pressure, is measured per unit of time. The transferred heat is used as a measure for the average temperature in the reaction chamber of the gasification reaction. The transferred heat is then used as a regulating variable for controlling the gasification process. In order to detect the prevailing heat, the temperature of the cooling medium is measured at the inlet and outlet of the cooling jacket or at specific points. For this purpose, thermocouples are arranged at the temperature measurement points. In addition to the temperature measurement, a precondition here is also the precise detection of the cooling water quantity, but this can be regarded as prior art. The shell thermocouples installed at different positions of the cooling shield are gathered into a bundle by means of thin steel wires passing through the clamps. The steel cables are guided over the entire length of the cooling jacket tube and are fastened in the tube connection at the upper end of the tube outside the reactor pressure vessel at an easily accessible position on the holder. Sufficient mechanical stability of the arrangement with respect to the stresses caused by the pressurized water flow in the pipes is attempted to be achieved by means of a bundle of thin, approx. 1 mm, solid housing thermocouples and steel cables. The solutions found according to the prior art are difficult to implement because they do not solve the problem of pressure sealing or represent a complex solution with regard to the water-carrying lines. Both the water flow in the cooling jacket and the penetration of the guide bundles from the pressure-loaded cooling tubes can cause damage and falsify the temperature measurement. the

In DE 102011080835 a reactor has been proposed for the gasification of fuels containing carbon by means of a gasification medium containing free oxygen in an entrained bed at pressures from atmospheric pressure to 10 MPa, wherein the cooling jacket limits the A reaction chamber in which the cooling jacket is formed by means of a helical winding of a tube through which a cooling liquid flows and in which a plurality of temperature measuring points are arranged distributed over the height of the cooling jacket. In this reactor, a safety pressure chamber can be arranged in the pressure housing for leading out the measuring line connected to the temperature measuring point out of the cooling jacket gap. the

Utility model content

Proceeding from the prior art, the object of the present invention is to propose a simple and reliable system which, with high availability, enables a reliable measurement of the temperature in the cooling jacket and thus enables integration into the gasification reactor Preconditions in measuring systems, regulating systems and control systems. the

This task is solved by a system for the reliable pressure conduction of lines through the pressure shell of gasification reactors operated at gasification pressures of up to 10 MPa and gasification temperatures of up to 1900° C., wherein the pressure chamber is arranged in the On the outer side of the pressure housing at atmospheric pressure, the pressure chamber is connected on one side via a pressure-tight first lead-through to the chamber of the gasification reactor at gasification pressure, the pressure chamber at On the other side, it is closed by a pressure-tight second lead-through, and the pipeline passes through the pressure-tight first lead-through, the pressure chamber and the pressure-tight first lead-through from a cavity under gasification pressure. Two lead-throughs lead into atmospheric pressure, the pressure chamber is at atmospheric pressure during normal operation, the pressure in the pressure chamber is monitored by means of a pressure measuring device, by means of which a pressure rise is detected when a pressure rise is indicated Leakage in the lead-through. At the same time, advantageous refinements for solving the proposed task are shown below. The pressure chamber has an inert gas connection and, in the event of a leak being detected, is substantially brought into pressure equilibrium with the chamber at vaporization pressure by means of a supply of inert gas. Said line is provided by the measuring line of a thermocouple placed on the cooling hood of the entrained bed gasification reactor. A plurality of lines lead from the chamber at gasification pressure to atmospheric pressure through the pressure-tight first lead-through, the pressure chamber and the pressure-tight second lead-through. A temperature measuring device for monitoring the temperature in the pressure chamber is arranged in the pressure chamber. The line for the temperature measuring device is led through the pressure-tight second feedthrough to atmospheric pressure. The pressure-tight first lead-through is doubled. the

When the measurement of the quantity of cooling water is carried out reliably and with a high degree of precision, then the temperature measured in the cooling jacket provides respectively the heat contained by the cooling water, the gasification temperature in the reaction chamber of the entrained bed gasifier Related measures of the temperature distribution are also related measures of the amount of fuel and oxygen supplied to the gasification. To measure the cooling water temperature, thermocouples are distributed over the height of the cooling jacket and are guided downwards in the gas-filled cooling jacket gap between the pressure shell and the cooling jacket to the gasification reactor. in a safety pressure chamber in the pressure enclosure. The feedthrough from the cooling jacket gap into the chamber is designed to be pressure-resistant and the pressure is monitored. If the pressure in the safety pressure chamber increases, this points to a leak in the lead-through 5 and corresponding repair measures can be initiated. If the second lead-through 9 from the pressure lock is likewise designed to be pressure-tight, a pressure cushion can be formed by means of an inert gas. The temperature measurement maintains its functional capability. Defective pressure feedthroughs can be repaired during a planned shutdown of the gasification reactor. the

Description of drawings

In the following, the invention is explained as an exemplary embodiment with the aid of two figures, to the extent necessary for understanding. here:

Figure 1 shows an entrained bed gasification reactor with thermocouples;

FIG. 2 shows a pressure lock for routing the measuring lines of thermocouples through the pressure housing.

In the figures, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements. the

List of reference signs

1 reaction chamber

2 Cooling shrouds

3 Case thermocouple

4 safety pressure chamber

5 First pressure lead-through, pressure-tight lead-through

6 Pressure measuring device

7 Inert gas supply

8 Temperature measuring device

9 Second pressure lead-through, pressure-tight lead-through

10 Cooling cover gap, chamber under gasification pressure

11 pressure shell

12 Measuring pipeline.

Detailed ways

Example 1:

This explanation is completed with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 . The entrained bed gasification reactor with a total power of 500MW is supplied with coal-poor combustion dust at 80Mg/h and generates raw synthesis gas together with 45000m ³ iN/h of oxygen at a temperature of 1650°C and a pressure of 4.5MPa, where the The reaction chamber 1 of the entrained bed gasification reactor is surrounded by a cooling cover 2 through which water flows. Cooling water enters the cooling jacket 2 at a temperature of 150°C and is heated to 220°C by absorbing heat from the reaction chamber 1 at a given rated power increased by 70°C and undergoes heat exchange for cooling to 150°C A device (not shown here) is again supplied to the cooling jacket 2 for cooling. On the cooling cover 2, measuring devices for cooling water temperature are evenly distributed within its height range. The number of housing thermocouples generally ranges from one to twelve. The average gasification temperature in the reaction chamber 1 can be deduced from the measured temperature and the temperature difference between the individual measurement points, and can also be inferred from the gasification flame situation. The measured variables are introduced into the monitoring, regulating and control systems of the plant. The pipeline (12) of the outer shell thermocouple passes through the pressure-tight first lead-through device 5, passes through the small safety pressure lock 4 and the pressure-tight second lead-through device 9, and leads outward from the gap 10 of the cooling cover under the gasification pressure lead. The safety pressure lock 4 is generally not overpressurized, ie substantially below atmospheric pressure (ambient pressure). By monitoring the pressure P in the pressure lock 6 , it is possible to conclude that there is a leak in the pressure-tight pressure lead-through 5 , from which the necessary maintenance measures can be initiated. For further safety, a temperature measuring device 8 is provided in the safety pressure lock 4 . An increase in temperature T measured by temperature measuring device 8 can thus be used to conclude that a medium, such as for example gas or water, has penetrated into chamber 4 from the interior of the gasification reactor which is under gasification pressure. Furthermore, the temperature measuring device 8 can also indicate thermal overloading of the sealing material of the pressure lead-through.

Example 2:

In the gasification plant according to FIG. 2 there is likewise provided a safety pressure lock 4 for the pressure feedthrough of the measuring line ( 12 ) of the housing thermocouple 3 . The safety pressure lock 4 also has an inert gas connection 7 . If the pressure measuring device 6 shows a pressure increase, a leak is detected in the pressure lead-through 5 , so that the inert gas can be supplied via the connection 7 and the same pressure as in the cooling jacket gap 10 can be established. It is thus possible to continue the operation of the gasification reactor until the required tightness of the pressure lead-through 5 is established again during a planned shutdown.

The utility model also relates to a cooling system for pressure water cooling of an entrained bed gasification reactor capable of operating at a pressure of up to 10MPa and a gasification temperature of up to 1900°C by means of a thermocouple placed on the cooling mantle tube. Device for the temperature in the enclosure, where the measuring line (12) of the thermocouple (3) passes through the pressure feedthrough (5) in the cooling enclosure gap (10) between the cooling enclosure (2) and the pressure housing (11) In the pressure housing ( 11 ) and in the safety pressure lock ( 4 ), it is guided outwards and connected to a monitoring system, a measuring system and a regulating system. the

Claims (7)

1. for make pipeline (12) reliably pressure be directed through the system of the pressure shell (11) of the gasifying reactor run with the vapor pressure up to 10MPa and the gasification temperature up to 1900 DEG C, wherein

-pressure chamber (4) is arranged on the outside being under barometric point of described pressure shell (11),

-described pressure chamber (4) is connected with the chamber (10) be under vapor pressure of described gasifying reactor by pressure-tight first feed-through device (5) on side,

-described pressure chamber (4) is closed by pressure-tight second feed-through device (9) on another side,

-described pipeline (12) directs in barometric point by the chamber be under vapor pressure (10) through described pressure-tight first feed-through device (5), described pressure chamber (4) and described pressure-tight second feed-through device (9),

Under-described pressure chamber (4) is in barometric point in normal operation,

Pressure in-described pressure chamber (4) is monitored by stress measuring device (6),

-to be detected blow-by in described feed-through device (5) by described stress measuring device (6) when showing pressure and raising.

2. by system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pressure chamber (4) have rare gas element joint (7) and substantially balance with the chamber be under vapor pressure (10) mineralization pressure by the supply of rare gas element detecting in packing less situation.

3., by system in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described pipeline (12) is provided by the measurement pipeline being placed in the thermopair (3) on the cooling cowl of entrained flow gasification reactor.

4. by the system according to any one of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, multiple pipeline (12) is directed in barometric point through described pressure-tight first feed-through device (5), described pressure chamber (4) and described pressure-tight second feed-through device (9) by the described chamber (10) be under vapor pressure.

5., by the system according to any one of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, in described pressure chamber (4), be furnished with the temperature measuring equipment (8) for monitoring the temperature in described pressure chamber (4).

6. by system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the pipeline for described temperature measuring equipment (8) directs in barometric point through described pressure-tight second feed-through device (9).

7., by the system according to any one of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, double design is carried out to described pressure-tight first feed-through device (5).