Utility model content
The utility model is based on following object: research and develop a kind of equipment, and it can solve or at least reduce the problems referred to above.The purpose of this utility model is realized by a kind of filter apparatus and a kind of DC-to-AC converter, and the feature of described filter apparatus and DC-to-AC converter is:
For a filter apparatus for the inverter of three-phase, described inverter has electric capacity, and described electric capacity is connected between the positive direct-current voltages terminal of described inverter and negative dc voltage terminal, and described filter apparatus has:
The input terminal of the input terminal of first-phase, the input terminal of second-phase and third phase;
The lead-out terminal of the lead-out terminal of described first-phase, the lead-out terminal of described second-phase and described third phase;
First inductance and the first electric capacity, described first inductance and the first capacitances in series are between the described input terminal and the first switching point of described first-phase, and the tie point there between described first inductance and described first electric capacity is connected with the described lead-out terminal of described first-phase;
Second inductance and the second electric capacity, described second inductance and the second capacitances in series are between the described input terminal and described first switching point of described second-phase, and the tie point there between described second inductance and described second electric capacity is connected with the described lead-out terminal of described second-phase; With
3rd inductance and the 3rd electric capacity, described 3rd inductance and the 3rd capacitances in series are between the described input terminal and described first switching point of described third phase, and the tie point there between described 3rd inductance and described 3rd electric capacity is connected with the described lead-out terminal of described third phase;
It is characterized in that, described filter apparatus has:
Positive direct-current voltages terminal and negative dc voltage terminal; With
4th electric capacity and the 5th electric capacity, described 4th electric capacity and the 5th capacitances in series are between described positive direct-current voltages terminal and described negative dc voltage terminal, and the tie point there between described 4th electric capacity and described 5th electric capacity is connected with described first switching point;
A kind of DC-to-AC converter, described DC-to-AC converter has the inverter of filter apparatus and three-phase, described inverter has the 6th electric capacity, described 6th electric capacity is connected between the positive direct-current voltages terminal of described inverter and negative dc voltage terminal, the input terminal of the first-phase of wherein said filter apparatus is connected with the lead-out terminal of the first-phase of described inverter, the input terminal of the second-phase of described filter apparatus is connected with the lead-out terminal of the second-phase of described inverter, the input terminal of the third phase of described filter apparatus is connected with the lead-out terminal of the third phase of described inverter, the positive direct-current voltages terminal of described filter apparatus is connected with the described positive direct-current voltages terminal of described inverter and the negative dc voltage terminal of described filter apparatus is connected with the described negative dc voltage terminal of described inverter.
Of the present utility modelly preferred embodiment to describe hereinafter.
The utility model based on: filter apparatus has the filter coupled portion that common mode disturbances also has differential mode interference.
According to solution of the present utility model, there is following advantage: when described solution and inverter in conjunction with time, described solution achieves carries out filtering by means of simple structure to common mode disturbances and differential mode interference.Solution of the present utility model also has following advantage: described solution also can subsequently be combined with inverter, and this extends application/applicability and the useful life of existing inverter, and need not change inverter itself.
Embodiment
Application of the present utility model is not restricted to specific system, and the different electric system that contrary the utility model can be combined inverter is applied.In addition, application of the present utility model is not restricted to the system or specific level that utilize specific fundamental frequency.
Fig. 2 illustrates an example of the filter apparatus 20 according to an execution mode.There is according to the filter apparatus of this example the input terminal AC1c of the input terminal AC1a of first-phase, the input terminal AC1b of second-phase and third phase.These input terminals AC1a, AC1b, AC1c of filter apparatus 20 are preferably arranged to be connected with the lead-out terminal of inverter.In addition, there is according to the filter apparatus of described example the lead-out terminal AC2c of the lead-out terminal AC2a of first-phase, the lead-out terminal AC2b of second-phase and third phase.These lead-out terminals AC2a, AC2b, AC2c of filter apparatus 20 are preferably arranged to be connected with load.Therefore, load can by means of inverter via filter apparatus 20 feed.The filter apparatus of described example yet has positive direct-current voltages terminal DC1 and negative dc voltage terminal DC2.These direct voltage terminal DC1, the DC2 of filter apparatus 20 are preferably arranged to be connected with the direct voltage terminal of inverter.
Fig. 3 to 6 illustrates the example of the filter apparatus 20 according to some execution modes.As described in example illustrates, according to an execution mode of the present utility model, filter apparatus has the first inductance L 1a and the first electric capacity Ca, described first inductance and the first capacitances in series are between the input terminal AC1a and the first switching point A of first-phase, and the tie point there between the first inductance L 1a and the first electric capacity Ca is connected with the lead-out terminal AC2a of first-phase.Filter apparatus has the second inductance L 1b and the second electric capacity Cb in addition, described second inductance and the second capacitances in series are between the input terminal AC1b and the first switching point A of second-phase, and the tie point there between the second inductance L 1b and the second electric capacity Cb is connected with the lead-out terminal AC2b of second-phase.Filter apparatus has the 3rd inductance L 1c and the 3rd electric capacity Cc in addition, described 3rd inductance and the 3rd capacitances in series are between the input terminal AC1c and the first switching point A of third phase, and the tie point there between the 3rd inductance L 1c and the 3rd electric capacity Cc is connected with the lead-out terminal AC2c of third phase.Filter apparatus also has the 4th electric capacity Cdc1 and the 5th electric capacity Cdc2, described 4th electric capacity and the 5th capacitances in series are just between (+) direct voltage terminal DC1 and negative (-) direct voltage terminal DC2, and the tie point there between the 4th electric capacity Cdc1 and the 5th electric capacity Cdc2 is connected with the first switching point A.
According to an execution mode, tie point between first inductance L 1a and the first electric capacity Ca is directly connected with the lead-out terminal AC2a of first-phase, tie point between second inductance L 1b and the second electric capacity Cb is directly connected with the lead-out terminal AC2b of second-phase, and the tie point between the 3rd inductance L 1c and the 3rd electric capacity Cc is directly connected with the lead-out terminal AC2c of third phase.Fig. 3 and this execution mode of 4 graphic extensions.
According to an execution mode, as graphic extension in figs. 5 and 6, filter apparatus has the 4th inductance L 2a by this way, 5th inductance L 2b and the 6th inductance L 2c, tie point between first inductance L 1a and the first electric capacity Ca is connected with the lead-out terminal AC2a of first-phase via the 4th inductance L 2a, tie point between second inductance L 1b and the second electric capacity Cb is connected with the lead-out terminal AC2b of second-phase via the 5th inductance L 2b, and the tie point between the 3rd inductance L 1c and the 3rd electric capacity Cc is connected with the lead-out terminal AC2c of third phase via the 6th inductance L 2c.
According to an execution mode, the tie point between the 4th electric capacity Cdc1 and the 5th electric capacity Cdc2 is directly connected with the first tie point A.Fig. 3 and this execution mode of 5 graphic extensions.
According to an execution mode, as graphic extension in figs. 4 and 6, filter apparatus has the first impedance Z by this way, and the tie point between the 4th electric capacity Cdc1 and the 5th electric capacity Cdc2 is connected with the first switching point A via the first impedance Z.First impedance Z can be inductive, ohmic properties, capacitive or its combination.
According to an execution mode, each inductance of filter apparatus has one or more coil (choke).In addition, according to an execution mode, each electric capacity of filter apparatus has one or more capacitor.The first feasible impedance Z can have one or more coil and/or one or more resistance and/or one or more capacitor with regard to it.
By the filter apparatus shown in the execution mode of Fig. 3 to 6, filtering can be carried out to the differential mode waveform between phase of the voltage of the pulse-width modulation of inverter with as the waveform of common mode over the ground of the summation of phase.The object preferably warbled voltage ripple of filtering.
Described thought is: sinusoid ground forms the voltage of the specific mutually capacitor of filter apparatus as far as possible, and the differential mode voltage that wherein load is born is sine-shaped.This preferably associatedly occurs with AC electric capacity Ca, Cb, Cc and AC inductance L 1a of filter apparatus, L1b, L1c.According to loadtype, the load-side of filter apparatus can also add filter inductance L2a, L2b, L2c (Fig. 5 and 6), to load current filtering.Because expect that filter apparatus also eliminates the common-mode voltage over the ground owing to modulating caused high frequency, so filter apparatus also has common mode current path.Described common mode current path is preferably made up of DC electric capacity Cdc1, Cdc2 of AC inductance L 1a, L1b, L1c, AC electric capacity Ca, Cb, Cc and closed-loop path.Between AC and DC electric capacity, also can add impedance Z (Fig. 4 and 6), can change by means of described impedance and can not work to differential mode filtering to the filtering of common-mode signal.DC electric capacity Cdc1, Cdc2 extremely descend the backhaul of decile common-mode signal at the DC of positive and negative.The voltage segmentation of the DC electric capacity of filter apparatus directly follows the null component of the three-phase voltage of modulation closely, and this makes voltage segmentation keep balance.If should occur stable non-equilibrium, so can correct by modulating.
Preferably, filter apparatus therefore cycle frequency modulation electric current, make described electric current not disturb remaining electric system.Differential-mode current is via AC inductance L 1a, L1b, L1c and AC electric capacity Ca, Cb, Cc circulation.Common mode current is via AC inductance L 1a, L1b, L1c, AC electric capacity Ca, Cb, Cc and DC electric capacity Cdc1, Cdc2 circulation.To the filtering of common-mode voltage ripple eliminate have high dv/dt to earth pulse, described pulse causes capacitive leakage current via the different stray capacitance of circuit.The core advantage of filter apparatus is, the sine-shaped phase voltage/principal voltage that will reach when electric drive is not obviously about the common-mode voltage in PWM frequency of earth potential.For this reason, no longer produce significant shaft current or other earth current (such as on the ground capacity of solar panel) in a device, this achieve the pure user's voltage in more cheap wiring (single-phase cable replaces the threephase cable of ledger line) and the application of electrical network simulation/isolated power grid.
Filter apparatus according to above-mentioned execution mode can be connected with the inverter of the three-phase of routine, the change that the inverter of described three-phase will not implemented in inverter and then do not have significant fringe cost.By this way, inverter itself can be formed as far as possible simply, and its range of application is by means of the expansion of additional filter.Filter apparatus according to above-mentioned execution mode such as also can be added to inverter that is old-fashioned, that use.Fig. 7 illustrates the DC-to-AC converter according to an execution mode.The DC-to-AC converter of this example has inverter 10 and the filter apparatus 20 of three-phase.Filter apparatus 20 can be the filter apparatus according in above-mentioned execution mode.Inverter 10 can be bipolar or three pole inverters, and described bipolar or three-stage inverter has the 6th electric capacity C, and described 6th electric capacity is connected between the positive direct-current voltages terminal DC+ of inverter and negative dc voltage terminal DC-.The electric capacity C of inverter 10 can be made up of one or more capacitor.According in the DC-to-AC converter of this example, the input terminal AC1a of the first-phase of filter apparatus 20 is connected with the lead-out terminal ACa of the first-phase of inverter 10, the input terminal AC1b of the second-phase of filter apparatus is connected with the lead-out terminal ACb of the second-phase of inverter, the input terminal AC1c of the third phase of filter apparatus is connected with the lead-out terminal ACc of the third phase of inverter, the positive direct-current voltages terminal DC1 of filter apparatus is connected with the positive direct-current voltages terminal DC+ of inverter and the negative dc voltage terminal DC2 of filter apparatus is connected with the negative dc voltage terminal DC-of inverter.DC-to-AC converter can also have load (not shown in figures) or be connected with it, and described load is connected with lead-out terminal AC2a, AC2b, AC2c of first, second, and third phase of filter apparatus 20.Therefore, inverter 10 can via filter apparatus 20 pairs of load feeds.Load can be arbitrary load, and the electric system of such as motor or three-phase is as electrical network.
Because the disturbance current of electric system is in inverter 10 and filter apparatus 20 inner loop, so the current value that inverter stands can become large slightly.But this is inapparent compared with other advantages as above that will realize in systems in which.The significant advantage of shown filter apparatus 20 is: common mode filtering does not make one/multiple capacitive load of the DC electric capacity C of inverter 10 completely, because filter current is via the capacitor cycle of DC electric capacity Cdc1, Cdc2 of filter apparatus 20, described capacitor is separated with one/multiple capacitor of the DC electric capacity C of inverter 10.At this, the life-span of one/multiple capacitor of the electric capacity C of inverter 10 remains unchanged about original measurement.For this reason, meaningfully, filter apparatus 20 such as also uses itself in 3 grades of inverters, although described 3 grades of inverters may have the ready-made backhaul of the mid point through intermediate loop for common mode filtering.
Filter apparatus can according to circumstances be enclosed in suitable cover respectively.Fig. 2 such as illustrates such solution: wherein whole filter apparatus 20 is arranged in housing.As an alternative, the different functional part of filter apparatus is organized as suitable sub-population, and wherein whole filter apparatus can have multiple parts be independently connected to each other.Such as, DC capacitor can be arranged in housing/module and AC capacitor can be arranged in other housing/module.Also it is possible that such as all capacitor be arranged in the housing/module of himself and coil is arranged in its housing/module.
Be well known that for those skilled in the art, this technology makes following improvement: can realize basic thought of the present utility model in a number of different manners.Therefore the utility model and its execution mode are not restricted to above-mentioned example but can change within the protection range of claim.