CN205764324U - A kind of sense preheating laser braze welding and prepare the device of abrasive particle grinding wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a device for preparing abrasive grain grinding wheels by induction preheating laser brazing, comprising: a protection cavity system, a rotating shaft, an induction heating system and a laser heating system; a grinding wheel to be welded is fixed on the rotating shaft; The induction coil of the induction heating system is close to the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel to be welded, and the distance between it and the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel to be welded is less than the effective heating distance of the induction coil; the laser beam spot of the laser heating system is focused on The outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel to be welded is located behind the induction coil along the rotation direction of the rotating shaft; the grinding wheel to be welded, the induction coil and the laser beam spot are located in the protective cavity of the atmosphere protection system . The utility model provides a device for preparing abrasive grains and grinding wheels by induction preheating laser brazing, which is versatile and can realize the brazing preparation of abrasive grains and grinding wheels with high efficiency and high quality.

Description

A device for preparing abrasive grain grinding wheels by induction preheating laser brazing

technical field

The utility model relates to a device for preparing abrasive grain grinding wheels, in particular to a device for preparing abrasive grain grinding wheels by induction preheating laser brazing.

Background technique

Abrasive tools play an irreplaceable role in the high-efficiency and precision grinding of hard and brittle difficult-to-machine materials such as natural rocks, engineering ceramics, and semiconductors due to their excellent grinding characteristics such as high efficiency, stability, and durability. Abrasive tools use a large number of abrasive grains under the control of the bond to achieve countless micro-cutting and complete the removal of workpiece material. How to effectively control abrasive grains has always been the prerequisite for the preparation of abrasive grain tools. When the abrasive grain tools made by sintering or electroplating process are used, the abrasive grains are only mechanically wrapped and embedded in the bond layer, and the holding force is small. When the load is heavy, it is easy to cause the abrasive grains to fall off prematurely and reduce the service life. . The brazed abrasive grain tool uses the chemical metallurgical combination formed by the active solder and the abrasive grain on the interface at high temperature to firmly connect the abrasive grain to the tool substrate. The advantages of strong abrasive grain holding force, high cutting edge and large chip capacity of brazed tools completely avoid the problems of insufficient holding, low cutting edge, easy clogging and easy burning of traditional electroplating and sintered diamond tools. At the same time, the abrasive grain arrangement is controllable and more It is to realize the dream of actively constructing sharp abrasive tools in the industry for many years. For this reason, brazed abrasive grain technology is hailed as a revolutionary technology for the preparation of abrasive grain tools by the industry.

In recent years, researchers at home and abroad have proposed the laser brazing abrasive grain process. The starting point is to use the laser beam as a heat source to heat and melt the active solder to achieve effective connection of abrasive grains. Compared with traditional furnace heating, induction heating and other methods, laser heating brazing technology has small spot diameter, high energy density, small heat-affected range, and high brazing efficiency; at the same time, the laser beam is easy to focus and has high flexibility. Technology, through the selective heating and brazing of the spot area to realize the rapid preparation of tools with effective abrasive grain arrangement.

In recent years, especially with the efforts of domestic Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huaqiao University and other related research teams, a lot of research has been done on laser heating parameters, connection mechanism and thermal damage, and laser heating has been reported. have been able to form carbide connections at the diamond/brazing filler metal interface, and the results are encouraging. However, it is also found that compared with traditional heating, this method has problems such as loose connection interface, thermal shock, large residual stress, and serious graphitization. In use, not only the above-mentioned high proportion of abnormal failures, but also the phenomenon of abrasive particle shedding that is rare in conventional heating brazing occurs. The fundamental reason is that the existing laser heating and brazing abrasive grain technology uses the laser beam to rapidly heat the temperature of the area to be heated from room temperature to above the melting temperature of the active solder, and then rapidly cools to room temperature, and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the laser heating area If it is too large (up to 900 degrees Celsius or more), rapid heating and rapid cooling will not only bring a strong thermal shock to the abrasive grains, but will also leave a huge welding residual stress on the abrasive grains. As a result, it is reasonable to cause the above defects in the application middle. There is no doubt that effectively solving the problems caused by the rapid heating and rapid cooling of laser heating is the key to fully utilizing the advantages of laser heating to realize high-performance brazed abrasive tools.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a device for preparing abrasive grain grinding wheels by induction preheating laser brazing, which is versatile and can realize the brazing preparation of abrasive grain grinding wheels with high efficiency and high quality.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a device for preparing abrasive grinding wheels by induction preheating laser brazing, including: a protection cavity system, a rotating shaft, an induction heating system and a laser heating system;

A grinding wheel to be welded is fixed on the rotating shaft; the induction coil of the induction heating system is close to the peripheral surface of the grinding wheel to be welded, and the distance between it and the peripheral surface of the grinding wheel to be welded is less than the effective heating distance of the induction coil ;

The laser beam spot of the laser heating system is focused on the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel to be welded, and is located behind the induction coil along the rotation direction of the rotation shaft;

The grinding wheel to be welded, the induction coil and the laser beam spot are located in the protection cavity of the atmosphere protection system.

In a preferred embodiment: the protection chamber system further includes a protection atmosphere generator connected to the protection chamber; the protection atmosphere generator keeps the protection chamber in a vacuum state or is filled with an inert gas.

In a preferred embodiment: the induction heating system further includes an induction heating power supply connected to the induction coil.

In a preferred embodiment: the laser heating system includes a laser, a laser light guiding device and a laser focusing device located on the same optical path.

In a preferred embodiment: the protection chamber includes a chamber seat and a chamber cover arranged coaxially with the rotating shaft, which are relatively airtightly combined to form a protection chamber; a transparent peephole is provided on the surface of the chamber cover .

In a preferred embodiment: the laser beam spot is circular, elliptical or rectangular, and the spot area is 0.5-100mm ² , which is smaller than the area of the induction coil.

Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

The device for preparing abrasive grains and grinding wheels by induction preheating laser brazing described in the utility model realizes the temperature field conditions of local brazing and connecting abrasive grains through the dual temperature field coupling structure of induction heating and laser heating. Compared with the existing Laser heating method, its advantages are reflected in:

On the one hand, preheating by induction heating greatly reduces the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the molten pool during laser brazing, that is, preheating the temperature of the workpiece to be brazed to the pre-soldering temperature (at this temperature, the active solder does not melt). On this basis, through laser heating, only a small increase in the temperature of the area to be welded can realize the abrasive grain brazing connection, which effectively avoids the disadvantages caused by the excessive temperature difference in the molten pool;

On the other hand, due to the preheating effect, the temperature of the brazing zone can be increased by using a low-power laser beam, which effectively avoids problems such as excessive thermal shock and thermal runaway caused by high-power lasers.

In addition, with the local advantage of induction heating and the selective advantage of laser heating spot area, combined with the rotating motion of the workpiece, the overall brazing preparation of the grinding wheel is realized through the relative movement of the local combined heat source and the workpiece.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the principle of the preferred embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a device for preparing abrasive grinding wheels by induction preheating laser brazing according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is an S-S sectional view of Fig. 2 .

detailed description

The utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

In order to solve the problems that the temperature field inside and outside the molten pool is too large and the power of the laser beam is too large when the existing laser heating is used to prepare brazing abrasive grains, the utility model provides an induction preheating laser brazing device for preparing abrasive grains and grinding wheels. Preheating the heating area of the workpiece to be welded can effectively control the disadvantages of the laser heating method.

A device for preparing abrasive grinding wheels by induction preheating laser brazing, as shown in Figures 1-3, includes a grinding wheel to be welded 1, a rotating shaft 2, an induction heating system 3, a laser heating system 4 and an atmosphere protection system 5.

The grinding wheel 1 to be welded is composed of a grinding wheel substrate 13 and an active bonding agent 11 and abrasive grains 12 coated on its outer circular surface.

The induction heating system 3 is composed of an induction coil 31 and an induction heating power supply 32 connected thereto.

The laser heating system 4 is composed of a laser 42, a laser light guiding device 43 and a laser focusing device 44 located on the same optical path. The surface forms the active area of the focused spot 41 of the laser beam.

The atmosphere protection system 5 is composed of an airtight atmosphere protection chamber 51 and an atmosphere protection generator 52 connected thereto, wherein the airtight atmosphere protection chamber 51 is composed of a chamber seat 511 and a chamber cover 512, and the chamber cover 512 is provided with a transparent peek The hole 513 is used to observe the working condition of the cavity.

The induction coil 31 of the induction heating system 3 is close to the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel 1 to be welded, and the distance between it and the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel 1 to be welded is smaller than the effective heating distance of the induction coil 31;

The laser beam spot of the laser heating system 4 is focused on the peripheral surface of the grinding wheel 1 to be welded, and is located behind the induction coil 31 along the rotation direction of the rotation shaft 2 .

During use, fix the grinding wheel 1 to be welded coated with the active bonding agent 11 and abrasive grains 12 on the shaft end 21 of the rotating shaft 2, adjust the distance between the induction coil 31 and the grinding wheel 1 to be welded, and adjust the laser beam spot 41 action area The active position on the grinding wheel 1 to be welded. Start the atmosphere protection system 5, start the rotating shaft 2, make it drive the grinding wheel 1 to be welded to rotate evenly, start the induction heating power supply 32 and the laser 42, the induction coil 31 and the laser beam focusing spot 41 carry out coupling heating on the surface of the grinding wheel 1 to be welded, that is The rotary motion makes the partial surface of the grinding wheel 1 to be welded pass through the induction preheating zone to reach the pre-soldering temperature due to induction heating, and the preheated partial surface of the grinding wheel 1 to be welded continues to pass through the focused spot 41 of the laser beam to heat the brazing zone due to the rotational movement. The surface temperature of the grinding wheel 1 to be welded in the laser spot 41 action area rapidly rises from the pre-soldering temperature to the brazing temperature. The abrasive grains 12 in the molten pool are brazed and connected to the grinding wheel base 13 by means of chemical bonding.

When the rotating shaft 2 drives the grinding wheel 1 to be welded to rotate for a complete circle relative to the induction heating area and the laser spot action area, the induction preheating and laser brazing of the entire grinding wheel 1 to be welded are completed, and the laser 42 and the induction heating power supply 32 are turned off. , after cooling to room temperature, remove the prepared abrasive wheel, or after turning off the laser 42, increase the rotational speed of the grinding wheel through the rotating shaft 2 and continue to maintain a section of induction heating power supply 32, so that the grinding wheel is slowly cooled at a certain cooling rate to room temperature.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, but the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited thereto, and any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of All changes or replacements should fall within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (6)

1. one kind senses preheating laser braze welding and prepares the device of abrasive particle grinding wheel, it is characterised in that including: protection cavity systems, rotation Axle, heating system and LASER HEATING system；

An emery wheel to be welded is fixed in described rotary shaft；The induction coil of described heating system is close to described emery wheel to be welded Outer surface, its distance with described emery wheel outer surface to be welded effectively heats distance less than described induction coil；

The laser beam spot of described LASER HEATING system focuses on the outer surface of described emery wheel to be welded, and along described rotary shaft Rotation direction be positioned at the rear of described induction coil；

Described emery wheel to be welded, induction coil and laser beam spot are positioned in the protection cavity of atmosphere protection system.

The most according to claim 1 a kind of sense preheating laser braze welding and prepare the device of abrasive particle grinding wheel, it is characterised in that: institute The protection cavity systems stated also includes the protection ambience generator being connected with described protection cavity；Described protection ambience generator makes Described protection cavity is in vacuum state or full noble gas.

The most according to claim 1 a kind of sense preheating laser braze welding and prepare the device of abrasive particle grinding wheel, it is characterised in that: institute The heating system stated also includes the induction heating power being connected with described induction coil.

The most according to claim 1 a kind of sense preheating laser braze welding and prepare the device of abrasive particle grinding wheel, it is characterised in that: institute The LASER HEATING system stated includes laser instrument, laser conducting device and the laser focusing device being positioned in same light path.

The most according to claim 1 a kind of sense preheating laser braze welding and prepare the device of abrasive particle grinding wheel, it is characterised in that: institute State cavity seat and chamber lid that protection cavity includes being coaxially disposed with described rotating shaft, after its most airtight combination, form protection cavity； The surface of described chamber lid is provided with a transparent peep-hole.

The most according to claim 1 a kind of sense preheating laser braze welding and prepare the device of abrasive particle grinding wheel, it is characterised in that: swash Beam and focus is circular or oval or rectangle, and facula area is 0.5-100mm², and less than the area of induction coil.