CN206942822U - A device that uses ambient heat to do work - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an utilize device of environment heat energy to outer acting, including positive feedback heat pump system and reciprocal multistage heat exchange acting system, utilize positive feedback heat pump to produce high temperature heat source and low temperature heat source, adopt reciprocal multistage heat exchange acting device to utilize heat energy and cold energy acting simultaneously, earlier forward removal fluid form acting medium is through a plurality of containers that are equipped with energy storage medium, let fluid form acting medium cool down gradually or heat up to required temperature, obtain the energy storage medium of different qualities simultaneously, then reverse removal fluid form acting medium is through a plurality of containers that are equipped with energy storage medium in proper order again, let this link heat up gradually or cool down to required temperature, with heat energy or cold energy of reuse storage in energy storage medium, reach the purpose of make full use of heat energy or cold energy.

Description

A device that uses ambient heat to do work

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of power machinery, in particular to a device that utilizes ambient heat energy to perform external work.

Background technique

Due to the continuous development of the economy, the demand for energy is great and increasing day by day, while energy sources such as oil, coal and natural gas are increasingly exhausted. For the sustainable development of the economy, new energy sources must be found, but various technologies for obtaining energy sources have their own shortcomings, such as high cost, high risk, depletion, pollution, and easy damage to the environment. Even the use of clean energy such as water power, wind power, and geothermal power to generate electricity is very easily restricted by the geographical environment, and requires a large amount of equipment for energy conversion, which is extremely costly and cannot solve the increasingly urgent energy problem.

There are a lot of energy in the environment we live in. The existing technology only uses the wind energy, solar energy, etc., but rarely uses the heat energy in the environment, and the heat energy in the environment is the energy with the largest content among all energy sources. But it was not well utilized.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that utilizes ambient thermal energy to perform external work to solve the above-mentioned existing problems.

Patent CN201510521304.7 describes a device that utilizes heat energy in the environment to do work externally. This patent is based on the improvement of this patent. The positive feedback heat pump and reciprocating multi-stage heat exchange technology described in this patent can be very effective. Generating and utilizing heat energy and cold energy, while the structure is simple, effective and easy to implement, while the heat pump used in patent CN201510521304.7 is just an ordinary heat pump, and its heating and cooling efficiency is far inferior to the positive feedback heat pump described in this patent, as described in patent CN201510521304.7 The work device described is also not as simple and reliable as the reciprocating multistage heat exchange work device described in this patent. The core technology of this patent is reciprocating multi-stage heat exchange and positive feedback heat pump, which can make the engine using ambient heat energy as energy go from theory to practical application.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a device that utilizes the thermal energy of the environment to do work externally. The device can convert the thermal energy of the environment into kinetic energy for output, and is environmentally friendly and easy to use.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a device that utilizes environmental heat energy to do work externally, including a positive feedback heat pump system and a reciprocating multi-stage heat exchange work system. The positive feedback heat pump is used to generate high-temperature heat sources and low-temperature heat sources. The heat exchange working device uses heat energy and cold energy to do work, and first moves the fluid working medium forward through multiple containers with energy storage medium, so that the fluid working medium gradually cools down or heats up to the required temperature, and at the same time, different qualities of storage medium are obtained. energy medium, and then move the fluid-like working medium in reverse order through multiple containers with energy storage medium, so that the temperature of this link is gradually raised or lowered to the required temperature, so as to reuse the heat or cold energy stored in the energy storage medium , to achieve the purpose of making full use of heat or cold energy.

Preferably, the device for using ambient heat energy to perform external work further includes a positive feedback heat pump system.

Preferably, the device for using ambient heat energy to perform external work further includes a reciprocating multi-stage heat exchange work system.

Preferably, the positive feedback heat pump system includes a compressor (1) and a plurality of heat exchange containers, and pipes pass through the plurality of heat exchange containers to connect with the compressor (1) and the gas storage tank B (10) respectively, The gas storage tank B (10) is connected to the steam engine (12) through pipes passing through multiple heat exchange containers, the steam engine (12) is connected to the gas storage tank A (13) through the pipes, and the gas storage tank A (13) passes through The pipeline passing through the highest temperature container is connected with the compressor (1).

Preferably, the device for using ambient heat energy to perform external work also includes a positive feedback heat pump system, and pipes passing through each container of the heat pump system. The pipes are connected to a hydraulic cylinder (17) in a differential output form, and the pipes are connected with The starter (15) and the pressure limiting valve (16), the hydraulic cylinder (17) is equipped with a return spring, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (17) is connected to the motion conversion mechanism (19), and the motion conversion mechanism (19) is connected to the load A ( 20) Connect.

Preferably, the device for using ambient heat energy to perform external work also includes a positive feedback heat pump system, and pipes passing through each container of the heat pump system, the two ends of the pipe are connected to the pipetting cylinder (22), and the pipetting cylinder (22 ) is equipped with a heavy piston (23) inside, a hydraulic cylinder (24) and a pressure limiting valve (21) are connected to the pipeline, a return spring is installed on the hydraulic cylinder (24), and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (24) and the motion conversion mechanism (25 ) is connected, and the motion conversion mechanism (25) is connected with the load B (26).

Preferably, the device for using ambient heat energy to perform external work also includes a positive feedback heat pump system, and pipes passing through each container of the heat pump system. The gas storage tank A (27) is connected to the steam engine (33) through the pipe through the highest temperature container. The air ports are connected, the exhaust port of the steam engine (33) is connected to the gas storage tank B (31) through the pipeline, and the gas storage tank B (31) is connected to the liquid storage tank (30) through each container through the pipeline, and the liquid storage tank (30) Connect to the working fluid pump (29) through the pipeline, and the working fluid pump (29) connects to the gas storage tank A (27) through the pipeline through the check valve (28) and each container.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

The device of the present utility model utilizes the heat energy of the environment to perform external work by utilizing the heat energy in the environment absorbed by the heat pump to perform external work. It mainly includes a positive feedback heat pump system and a reciprocating multi-stage heat exchange work system.

The principle is to use a positive feedback heat pump to generate high-temperature heat sources and low-temperature heat sources, and at the same time use reciprocating multi-stage heat exchange work devices to use heat energy and cold energy to do work, that is, to move the fluid-like work medium in a forward direction through multiple containers with energy storage medium, Let the fluid-like working medium gradually cool down or heat up to the required temperature, and at the same time obtain energy storage medium of different qualities, and then move the fluid-like working medium in reverse order through multiple containers with energy storage medium, so that the temperature of this link is gradually raised or Cool down to the required temperature to reuse the heat or cold energy stored in the energy storage medium to achieve the purpose of making full use of the heat or cold energy.

This technical solution mainly has two characteristics.

1. Reciprocating multi-stage heat exchange work system:

The utility model adopts a reciprocating multi-stage heat exchange method, that is, the fluid is first moved forward through a plurality of containers equipped with energy storage medium, and the energy storage medium is generally water, solution or oil, so that a certain link is gradually cooled or heated up To the required temperature, different quality cold and hot media are obtained at the same time, and then the fluid is moved in reverse and sequentially through multiple containers with energy storage media, so that the temperature of this link is gradually raised or lowered to the required temperature, so as to reuse the stored in the media The thermal energy or cold energy in the battery can be used to achieve the purpose of making full use of the thermal energy or cold energy. Because of the particularity of multi-stage heat exchange, it is ideal to use the reciprocating fluid working medium to heat or cool the fluid working medium here, which can greatly simplify the whole system and greatly reduce the volume. At the same time, it is easy to achieve all Links are the purpose of multi-stage heat exchange.

The fluid can be steam, gas, or liquid. The reciprocating multi-stage heat exchange work device is a new type of heat engine. Its main feature is to recover waste heat without discharging heat to the environment, and its thermal efficiency is very high. Using liquid is easier to achieve the effect of small volume and high power. Ordinary hydraulic system is not a heat engine, and it does not use liquid to expand when heated. Its working medium generally uses liquid with low thermal expansion coefficient. Ordinary hydraulic system will face temperature rise during use. The problem is that because the specific gravity of the liquid is large and the viscous resistance is also large, a lot of energy is transferred to the kinetic energy of the liquid and then to heat energy, which reduces the energy efficiency of the hydraulic system and may cause overheating. When liquid is used here, it is a new type of heat engine, which works by utilizing the thermal expansion of liquid with high thermal expansion coefficient. Because of the existence of multi-stage heat exchange, even if some mechanical energy is converted into heat energy, it can be reused again. It is converted into mechanical energy, and because the heat energy will be absorbed by the energy storage medium, it will not cause overheating problems. This new heat engine is different from the heat engine that discharges waste heat into the environment, and can be called the second type of heat engine. The heat engine has no deflagration phenomenon, extremely low noise, small vibration, and no emission at all, which is very environmentally friendly.

2. Positive feedback heat pump system:

Ordinary heat pumps work by absorbing heat from a single temperature medium, while the positive feedback heat pump system absorbs heat from multiple temperature mediums and gradually raises the temperature, that is, absorbs heat from multiple energy storage media and hot water at the highest temperature, and finally The temperature of hot water at the highest temperature is reached, and then it is compressed and released into the hot water at the highest temperature and the energy storage medium in turn, and the temperature of the hot water at the highest temperature and the energy storage medium is gradually increased. In this way, the temperature difference between the refrigerant in the heat pump before compression and the compressed refrigerant is always small, that is to say, the heat pump always works at a small temperature difference, according to the ideal reverse Carnot cycle efficiency T1/(T2- Calculated by T1), as long as the temperature difference is small enough, the energy efficiency of the heat pump is theoretically infinite, and it will not start to compress and heat up when the refrigerant temperature is low, nor will it start to evaporate and cool when the refrigerant is still hot, so the heat pump is in the whole process. The efficiency is very high, much higher than ordinary heat pumps. The same is true for the cold end. After the heat is released, the refrigerant in the heat pump is cooled to the ambient temperature by the energy storage medium, and then continues to gradually cool down to the temperature of the water with the lowest temperature, and then the working medium that reaches the lowest temperature is vaporized, and the water with the lowest temperature is gradually cooled in turn. And the energy storage medium, and so on. The working medium in the heat pump compressor has a pressure difference before and after decompression and evaporation, and the volume of the working medium expands, and energy can be recovered through a working cylinder (such as a steam engine) or a turbine.

When the positive feedback heat pump is used, because its efficiency is already quite high, even if the multi-stage heat exchange device is not used to do work, but the thermoelectric power generation sheet and other low thermal efficiency methods are used to use heat and cold energy, the sum of the obtained energy can be relatively easily reached The effect is greater than the energy consumed by the heat pump, and the temperature difference sheet is smaller, and it is easy to make a relatively small energy supply device. If this energy supply device is combined with a battery, it will have considerable application value, such as only intermittent The battery car that does not need to be charged can even be miniaturized and made into a "battery" that will never be charged.

The working process of the positive feedback heat pump system is as follows, as shown in Figure 1.

Here, water is used as the energy storage medium. The high-temperature and high-pressure working gas produced by the compressor (1) is liquefied in the container A (2) to release heat through the pipeline, and then passes through the container B (3) and the container C (4). , container D (5), container E (6), container F (7), container G (8) are gradually cooled to the lowest temperature, and then through the throttle valve (9) in container G (8), container F (7) The intermediate gasification absorbs heat and enters the gas storage cylinder B (10), and then the low-temperature working fluid passes through the valve (11), container E (6), container D (5), container C (4), container B (3), container A (2), after being gradually heated from the lowest temperature to the highest temperature to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the working medium pushes the steam engine (12) to do work, and then enters the gas storage tank A (13), and then the working medium is again by the container A After the water in (2) is heated up, it is compressed by the compressor (1), and so on. Finally, the water temperature in container A (2) in each container is the highest, and then decreases successively, and the water temperature in container G (8) is the lowest. Because the water temperature in the container is gradually increasing, and the heat pump has been working in a state of small temperature difference, calculated according to the ideal reverse Carnot cycle efficiency T1/(T2-T1), as long as the temperature difference is small enough, the energy efficiency of the heat pump is theoretically infinite, and the working medium is from The water in each container absorbs heat and changes from a liquid state to a high-temperature and high-pressure steam. Its work ability is also very strong, and this energy can be recovered. The energy recovery part of the heat pump will bring a large volume and increase in cost, and this device is in use. When the multi-stage heat exchange technology does work, the external work capacity is large enough, so it can be omitted in order to reduce the volume and reduce the cost.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model has made significant improvements to the patent CN201510521304.7, and the positive feedback heat pump greatly improves the efficiency of generating heat medium and cold medium, and only consumes little A lot of heat energy and cold energy can be obtained, and the working part moves back and forth repeatedly. The method of multi-stage heating and cooling of the working medium can efficiently use heat energy and cold energy, and the structure is simple and reliable, which makes the engine that uses environmental heat energy available. And the practical application is just around the corner. It will soon become a reality to replace traditional fossil fuels with thermal energy in the environment. Environmental thermal energy is inexhaustible in the true sense. Human beings will usher in a new world with rich material and beautiful environment.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a positive feedback heat pump.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.

The reference signs are:

In Figure 1:

1-Compressor 2-Container A 3-Container B 4-Container C 5-Container D 6-Container E 7-Container F 8-Container G 9-Throttle valve 10-Air cylinder B 11-Valve 12-Steam engine 13- Storage cylinder A

In Figure 2:

14-Pipeline 15-Starter 16-Pressure limiting valve 17-Hydraulic cylinder 18-Piston 19-Motion conversion mechanism 20-Load A

In Figure 3:

21-Pressure limiting valve 22-Pipette cylinder 23-Heavy piston 24-Hydraulic cylinder 25-Motion conversion mechanism 26-Load B

In Figure 4:

27-Air storage tank A 28-Check valve 29-Working medium pump 30-Liquid storage tank 31-Air storage tank B 32-Load C33-Steam engine 34-Valve.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like elements.

Example 1:

Referring to Figure 2, its working process is as follows:

For the heat pump part, this embodiment omits the energy recovery part. For the working method, see the positive feedback heat pump part in the working principle.

The working medium of the working part is a high-expansion liquid. The pipeline (14), hydraulic cylinder (17), starter (15) and other accessories are connected to each other to form a large container. The starter (15) is a cylinder with a certain volume. When the starter is heated (the starter can be placed in the container with the highest temperature, hot water can be added to the container with the highest temperature to start), the working medium in the starter (15) expands, causing the pressure in the entire connector Increase, the hydraulic cylinder (17) is connected to a differential mode here, which is equivalent to a single-acting hydraulic cylinder with a piston diameter of this hydraulic cylinder piston rod diameter, the piston (18) moves to the right, and the piston (18 ) to move the working medium on the right side of the piston (18) and the pipeline to the left side of the piston through the multi-stage heat exchange device. The internal water temperature is the lowest, and the working fluid is heated during the moving process. When the ratio between the diameter of the piston (18) and the diameter of the piston rod is large enough, the volume increase caused by the heating of the moved working fluid is greater than or equal to the volume decrease caused by the movement of the piston rod , the piston (18) will continue to move, the piston rod will act externally through the crankshaft connecting rod device (19), and the return spring will be compressed at the same time, because the movement speed of the piston (18) is slow and the output force is large, so the motion conversion device (19) includes There are racks, transmission gears, crankshafts, connecting rods and flywheels. After being shifted by the transmission gears, the flywheels are driven to rotate and do work on the load A (20). The load A (20) can be an energy storage device or other loads. When the piston (18) When it moves to the far right, the crankshaft and the return spring push the piston (18) to move in the opposite direction. At this time, the pressure of the working medium will rise to the highest, the pressure limiting valve (16) will open, and part of the working medium will enter the pressure limiting valve (16) ) to prevent the pressure of the working fluid from being too high. When the piston (18) moves in reverse and the cooled working fluid reaches a certain amount, the pressure in the system begins to decrease, and the working fluid in the pressure limiting valve (16) is compressed Back into the pipeline, as the piston (18) continues to move, the pressure in the system is further reduced to less than atmospheric pressure, and at the same time, the piston (18) moves to the left under the action of the return spring, when the piston (18) moves the liquid to the far left , under the action of the inertia of the flywheel, it changes direction again and moves to the right, and so on. When the water temperature in the multi-stage heat exchange container drops to a certain level, part of the external work done by the device is used to start the heat pump compressor, and stop after reaching a certain temperature.

Here, the liquid working medium with high expansion coefficient is taken as an example to illustrate its basic type. It can also use gas working medium, and the process is the same. When using gas working medium, high-pressure gas is required, and return springs are required for single-cylinder operation. To balance the pressure, the return spring may not be used when using multi-cylinder planets. This method is suitable for making a multi-cylinder star shape. Multiple sets of pipelines and hydraulic cylinders share a set of multi-stage heat exchange device, which can significantly increase the power, make it easier to start, and run more smoothly without significantly increasing the volume of the device. In a star connection, there are multiple cylinders doing work at any time, and even a flywheel may not be required. Since the star connection is a mature technology, no further explanation is given here.

Example 2:

The working process of the heat pump is the same as that of mode one.

In the figure, the temperature on the far left side of the multi-stage heat exchange container is the highest, and the temperature on the far right side is the lowest. The working process of the working part is as follows. Moving downward, squeeze the liquid working medium at the same time, and move the liquid working medium to the left of the pipetting cylinder (22) through the multi-stage heat exchange device. When passing through the multi-stage heat exchange device, the working medium gradually heats up and expands, causing the entire connector The volume of the working fluid inside increases, pushing the piston of the hydraulic cylinder (24) to do work through the motion conversion device (25) and compress the return spring at the same time, because the movement speed of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder (24) is slow and the output is large, so the motion conversion device (25) ) consists of a rack, gear, crankshaft, connecting rod and flywheel. After being shifted by the gear, it drives the flywheel to rotate and does work on the load B (26). When the heavy piston (23) in the pipetting cylinder (22) drops to the bottom At this time, let the pipetting cylinder (22) rotate counterclockwise at a certain angle, and the position of the heavy piston (23) rises from the lowest position to the highest position, and then under the action of gravity, the liquid working medium is reversely moved through the heat exchange device again, so that The volume of the working fluid gradually cools down, and the return spring pushes the piston of the hydraulic cylinder (24) to do work; when the heavy piston (23) reaches the lowest position again, let the pipetting cylinder (22) reversely rotate a certain angle to let the heavy piston (23) Drop again to move the liquid, and so on. Because the pressure when the liquid expands can reach very high, a pressure limiting valve (21) is needed to protect the pressure in the entire connector from being excessive and causing damage. When the water temperature in the multi-stage heat exchange container drops to a certain level, part of the external work done by the device is used to start the heat pump compressor, and stop after reaching a certain temperature.

The essence of this method is to separate the piston and the piston rod of the first method, and there is no mechanical connection between the piston and the outside. There are several advantages in using this method to transfer gas compared to using a double-headed hydraulic cylinder to transfer liquid. First, there is no rod and seal. The friction between the rings, the friction of the double-headed cylinder is quite large, and secondly, it avoids leakage and has high reliability. The swing type is very suitable for making a double-pipetting cylinder. The swing type requires a large space and is suitable for fixed occasions. The pipetting cylinder can also be fixed, and the piston can be moved by external force, such as using a magnet. At this time, the piston can be a lightweight piston with a magnet or an iron piston directly. The cylinder body needs to be made of non-ferromagnetic materials, such as austenitic stainless steel, or the heavy piston in the cylinder body uses a light piston. By adding an oil pump to the pipeline to move the liquid back and forth, the structure can be made more compact and not affected by the position. . The working medium of this method can also be gas, and can also be made into a multi-cylinder star. Only its basic type is described here, and technical solutions such as double-cylinder and multi-cylinder on this basis still fall into the protection scope of the application.

Example 3:

The working process of the heat pump is the same as that of the first embodiment.

This method uses low-temperature steam to do work, which is more suitable for power plants. The water temperature in the multi-stage heat exchange container in the figure is the highest on the left, and the lowest on the right. The low boiling point working fluid is installed in the liquid storage tank (30) During start-up, start the working medium pump (29) to pump the liquid working medium to the gas storage tank A (27) through the one-way valve (28) and the multi-stage heat exchange container. During this process, the working medium is Gradually heated and gasified, then the gaseous working medium is heated through the highest temperature container and then passes through the valve (34) to drive the steam engine (35) (or turbine, etc.) to do work on the load C (32), and the steam after the work passes through each container in turn It is liquefied by multi-stage cooling, then enters the liquid storage tank (30), and then is reversely pumped by the working medium pump (29) to the gas storage tank A (27), and so on. When the water temperature in the container drops to a certain level, part of the work done by the device is used to start the heat pump compressor, and stop when it reaches a certain temperature.

What is disclosed above is only the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and of course the scope of rights of the present utility model cannot be limited with this. Therefore, the equivalent changes made according to the patent scope of the utility model still belong to the scope covered by the utility model .

Claims (7)

1. a kind of device externally to be done work using environment thermal energy, it is characterised in that including positive feedback heat pump and reciprocal multistage Heat exchange working system, high temperature heat source and low-temperature heat source are produced using positive feedback heat pump, while done using reciprocal multistage heat exchange Work(device is done work using heat energy and cold energy, first positive mobile flow-like acting medium by multiple containers equipped with energy-accumulating medium, Allow flow-like acting medium gradually to cool or be warming up to required temperature, while obtain the energy-accumulating medium of different qualities, Ran Houzai Flow-like acting medium is reversely moved successively by multiple containers equipped with energy-accumulating medium, allows the link gradually to heat up or cool To required temperature, to reuse the heat energy or cold energy that are stored in energy-accumulating medium, reach and make full use of heat energy or cold energy Purpose.

2. the device externally to be done work using environment thermal energy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including a positive feedback Heat pump.

3. the device externally to be done work using environment thermal energy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also reciprocal more including one Level heat exchange working system.

4. the device externally to be done work using environment thermal energy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the positive feedback heat pump system System includes compressor（1）, and multiple heat exchange containers, pipeline through multiple heat exchange containers respectively with compressor（1）And storage Gas tank B（10）Connect, air accumulator B（10）Pass through the pipeline and steam engine through multiple heat exchange containers（12）Connect, steam engine （12）Pass through pipeline and air accumulator A（13）Connect, air accumulator A（13）Pass through the pipeline and compressor through highest temperature container（1） Connect.

5. the device externally to be done work using environment thermal energy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including a positive feedback Heat pump, and the pipeline through each container of heat pump, pipeline and a hydraulic cylinder（17）It is connected into differential output form, pipeline On be connected to starter（15）And pressure limiting valve（16）, hydraulic cylinder（17）It is upper that retracting spring, hydraulic cylinder are housed（17）Piston rod and fortune Manual converting mechanism（19）Connect, movement conversion mechanism（19）With loading A（20）Connect.

6. the device externally to be done work using environment thermal energy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including a positive feedback Heat pump, and the pipeline through each container of heat pump, both ends and the liquid relief cylinder of pipeline（22）Connect, liquid relief cylinder（22）It is interior Portion is equipped with taskwork plug（23）, hydraulic cylinder is connected on pipeline（24）And pressure limiting valve（21）, hydraulic cylinder（24）It is upper that retracting spring is housed, Hydraulic cylinder（24）Piston rod and movement conversion mechanism（25）Connect, movement conversion mechanism（25）With loading B（26）Connect.

7. the device externally to be done work using environment thermal energy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including a positive feedback Heat pump, and the pipeline through each container of heat pump, air accumulator A（27）Highest temperature container and steam are passed through by pipeline Machine（33）Air inlet connects, steam engine（33）Exhaust outlet passes through pipeline and air accumulator B（31）Connect, air accumulator B（31）Pass through pipe Road passes through each container and fluid reservoir（30）Connect, fluid reservoir（30）Pass through pipeline and working medium pump（29）Connect, working medium pump（29）It is logical Piping passes through check valve（28）And each container and air accumulator A（27）Connect.