CN208971402U

CN208971402U - Inverter

Info

Publication number: CN208971402U
Application number: CN201821422544.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 安德里亚斯·莱恩; 马丁·德兹巴
Original assignee: SMA Solar Technology AG
Current assignee: SMA Solar Technology AG
Priority date: 2017-09-03
Filing date: 2018-08-31
Publication date: 2019-06-11
Anticipated expiration: 2028-08-31
Also published as: DE202017105300U1

Abstract

The utility model relates to inverters.A kind of inverter (1), including the closed shell chamber (6) and heat exchanger (8) for accommodating electronic component (4,5), which extend into the shell chamber (6) by internal part (8a) and reaches in the external region of shell chamber (6) across the outer wall of the shell chamber (6) by external part (8b).The ventilation device (12) for driving circling gas flow is arranged inside shell chamber (6), wherein heat exchanger (8) is surrounded by circling gas flow, and the spaced walls (3) in shell chamber (6) are separated from one another by two parts of the circling gas flow of flow direction phase opposite sense.The shell of sealing can be made effectively to radiate by this structure, this makes the compact shell that especially can be realized inverter in the case where converter power grade is high.

Description

Inverter

Technical field

The utility model relates to inverters, and more particularly to Cooling Design for especially making the electricity of inverter The inverter that subcomponent effectively radiates.

Background technique

Currently, solar inverter market is faced with very big price pressure.For reducing special cost (Euro/watt It is special) effective measures be to improve device performance.Applicant complies with the wide of participant in the market by developing the inverter of 150kW Accuse this trend that equipment is pursued.

Compared to the high performance 50kW inverter of the next generation developed by SMA, the performance of inverter newly developed has become At three times.This performance boost is transferred directly on the loss power of electronic building brick, and radiate to it propose it is huge Challenge.Most loss power has been split on semiconductor module and reactor, and therefore, they are typically directly via effective Cooling element (for example, casting in cooling body or the component for passing through shell) is connect with the environment of inverter.However, about 5%- 15% loss power is caused by electronic component, these electronic components are located at the inner space of inverter and can cause inside Space heating.Interior space temperature height will lead to the reduced service life of electronic component.Therefore, it is necessary to by making inverter It effectively radiates to limit the temperature of inner space air and thereby by the temperature limiting of element at 80 DEG C -85 DEG C in inner space.

According to the prior art of solar inverter, the heat dissipation of inner space is realized by two kinds of physics heat transfer mechanisms:

1. the free convection on the housing wall of inverter.

2. the heat radiation from housing wall to environment.

Keep inverter heat dissipation always feasible without other measures in principle by both mechanism, on condition that inverter Surface of shell is sufficiently large.

However, power loss density height is to so that in the case where shell dimension is preset in the inverter of 150kW The only approximately half of power loss in internal spatial summation can be by surface of shell by carrying-off.Therefore, it is outlined above The heat dissipation strategy carried out by free convection and heat radiation passes through current technology on power stage > 100kW solar inverter On feasible program and the surface of shell that may be implemented encounter bottleneck.

Utility model content

Therefore, the task of the utility model be to provide can sufficiently be radiated by effective and inexpensive mode it is inverse Become device, especially power stage > 100kW inverter.

The task is addressed by inverter discussed below.

In one aspect, the utility model relates to inverter, which includes for accommodating the closed of electronic component Shell chamber and heat exchanger, the heat exchanger by the internal outer wall for partially protruding into shell chamber and passing through shell chamber by External part reaches in the region outside shell chamber.It is arranged inside shell chamber for driving the ventilation of circling gas flow to fill It sets, wherein heat exchanger is surrounded by circling gas flow, and the surrounding flow direction phase opposite sense of the spaced walls in shell chamber Two parts of air-flow are separated from one another.The shell of sealing can be made effectively to radiate by this structure, this to be especially It can be realized the compact shell of inverter in the case where converter power grade is high.

Preferably, inverter also has other ventilation device, which is arranged such that by addition Ventilation device generate air-flow surround heat exchanger outside part.In this case, ventilation device in addition can be with It is disposed in the outside of inverter or is disposed in the other parts of inverter case, which has air intake And air outlet slit.Certainly, other component to be radiated, especially reactor or other heat exchanges can be arranged in the chamber Device.

In advantageous embodiment, the shell for surrounding shell chamber is at least partly made with die-casting process, preferably with structure At all parts (such as, lid and the shell trough pool of shell) be made with die-casting process.Then, heat is handed over Parallel operation can be designed as a part of shell, for example, lid a part or shell pond a part.But equally possible to be, heat Exchanger is independent component, which is mounted in the corresponding opening of shell and the opening is completely closed.Heat exchange Device can for example be designed to have the cooling body of sheet material (Lamellen), flow through the sheet material through cooling air-flow.

In order to make the electronic component for needing different cooling desired inverters effectively radiate, there will be high cooling requirement Element be arranged on the flow direction of circling gas flow behind heat exchanger near, and will can preferably have low cooling require Element be arranged in the close front of heat exchanger.This considers that air-flow is continuously heated and only passes through heat during circulation Exchanger cools down again.In this way, with high cooling desired element than being obtained more with low cooling desired element Cold air, therefore preferably cooled down.

In a kind of advantageous modification, inverter has other spaced walls, the other spaced walls also in shell chamber It is arranged such that form the second circling gas flow, wherein ventilation device drives two circling gas flows simultaneously.Preferably, this is other Spaced walls are parallel to another spaced walls arrangement.Spaced walls and other spaced walls can be designed to the forming part of shell (Ausformung), but spaced walls can also be used as individual component and be mounted in shell chamber.Meanwhile spaced walls need not occupy The entire height of shell chamber allows and passes through spaced walls without air-flow.On the contrary, spaced walls, which have, is used to form circling gas flow institute The height needed is sufficient.For example, it is envisioned that spaced walls only occupy the half of shell chamber height.

Since ventilation device needs electric energy to run for it, in order to realize efficient inverter, it is advantageous to set Set the control unit for controlling ventilation device and for detecting connecting with the control unit for the temperature inside shell chamber Temperature sensor, wherein control unit is arranged for according to the speed for adjusting ventilation device by temperature that temperature sensor determines Degree.Therefore, only when needing the electronic component to inverter to carry out enough cooling or as needed to the electricity of inverter When gas element carries out enough cooling, it just can operate ventilation device or operate ventilation device to a certain extent.Meanwhile passing through The speed for adjusting ventilation device can be such that the temperature cycle of element minimizes during the operation of inverter, this can make inverter Service life increase.

In the advantageous embodiment of inverter, electronic component is disposed on first circuit board.Then, it is preferable that Spaced walls are formed by second circuit board, which is vertically installed on first circuit board.Second circuit board can be with Other heater element with inverter, especially the guidance load current on the second circuit board or in second circuit board Route.The route of the guidance load current can be preferably electrically connected with relay again, which particularly constitutes inversion A part of device and power grid or the separator of DC generator separated.Due to relay contact may due to closed state by The load current for flowing through them significantly heats, therefore effective heat dissipation of relay contact can be realized by this device.Pass through This mode can be abandoned in numerous applications using contactor (Sch ü tz) and instead of using relay, it means that quite Big saving.In order to realize the good heat dissipation of relay contact, should preferably with second circuit board at a distance of between 5- Relay is arranged on first circuit board by the spacing of 10mm.

Instead of above-mentioned relay-set or specially designed device, relay-set can have on circuit boards first after Electric appliance and the second relay, what they collectively formed that inverter and power grid or DC generator separate preferably fills for the separation of redundancy It sets, wherein arranging heat exchanger between relay and in circling gas flow.The heat exchanger is in the end towards circuit board Place has substrate, and wherein the substrate is than the part away from circuit board of heat exchanger closer to relay.In this way, may be used To reduce the distance between relay contact and heat exchanger, to reduce the thermal contact resistance between the twoAnd it simultaneously can be between relay and heat exchanger in the part away from circuit board Flow through enough air.

Embodiments herein further includes following aspect:

1) a kind of inverter, comprising:

Closed shell chamber is used to accommodate electronic component, and

Heat exchanger, extend into the shell chamber by first part and pass through the outer wall of the shell chamber by Second part reaches in the region outside the shell chamber,

It is characterized in that,

The ventilation device for driving circling gas flow is arranged inside the shell chamber, wherein the heat exchanger quilt Circling gas flow is surrounded, and the spaced walls in the shell chamber are by two parts of the circling gas flow of flow direction phase opposite sense It is separated from one another.

2) inverter according to 1), also has other ventilation device, and the other ventilation device is arranged to So that surrounding the second part of the heat exchanger by the air-flow that the other ventilation device generates.

1) or 2) 3) inverter according to, wherein the shell for surrounding the shell chamber is made with die-casting process.

4) inverter according to 3), wherein the heat exchanger is formed as one of the shell with die-casting process Point.

5) according to 1) -4) any one of described in inverter, in the shell chamber also have other spaced walls, it is described Other spaced walls are arranged such that form the second circling gas flow, wherein the ventilation device drives two simultaneously surround gas Stream.

6) according to 1) -5) any one of described in inverter, wherein along air-flow, since the heat exchanger, first The first element in the electronic component is arranged, the second element in the electronic component is then arranged, wherein described One element has the cooling requirement higher than the second element.

7) according to 1) -6) any one of described in inverter, further includes:

Control unit is used to control the ventilation device, and

The temperature sensor connecting with described control unit, the temperature sensor is for detecting inside the shell chamber Temperature, wherein described control unit is arranged for adjusting the ventilation according to by temperature that the temperature sensor determines The speed of device.

8) according to 1) -7) any one of described in inverter, wherein the electronic component is disposed on first circuit board, And wherein the spaced walls are made of second circuit board, and the second circuit board is vertically installed in the first circuit board On.

9) inverter according to 8), wherein heater element be disposed on the second circuit board or it is described second electricity In the plate of road.

10) inverter according to 9), wherein the heater element is the route for guiding load current.

11) inverter according to 10), wherein the route of the guidance load current is electrically connected with relay.

12) inverter according to 11), wherein the relay constitutes the inverter and power grid or DC generator A part of separated separator.

11) or 12) 13) inverter according to, wherein the relay with the second circuit board at a distance of between Spacing between 5mm and 10mm is disposed on the first circuit board.

Any one of 7) 14) further include relay-set on circuit boards according to 1) to the inverter described in, it is described after Electrical installation has the first relay and the second relay, and first relay and the second relay collectively form the inversion The separator that device is separated with power grid or DC generator, wherein between first relay and the second relay and recycling Other heat exchanger is arranged in air-flow.

15) inverter according to 14), wherein the other heat exchanger is in the end towards the circuit board With substrate, wherein the substrate than the other heat exchanger the end away from the circuit board closer to described first Relay and/or the second relay.

Detailed description of the invention

The utility model will be described by attached drawing below, in which:

Fig. 1 shows the first embodiment of inverter according to the present utility model,

Fig. 2 shows the second embodiments of inverter according to the present utility model

Fig. 3 shows the first relay dress of the component part of the embodiment as inverter according to the present utility model It sets, and

Fig. 4 shows the second relay dress of the component part of the embodiment as inverter according to the present utility model It sets.

List of reference signs

1 inverter

2 shells

3 spaced walls

4,5 element

6 shell chambers

The part 6a, 6b, 6c

7 spaced walls

8 heat exchangers

The part 8a, 8b

9 heat exchangers

10 relays

11 circuit boards

12,13 ventilation device

14 conductor rails

15 relay-sets

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1 shows inverter 1, and the shell 2 of the inverter has closed shell chamber 6, arranges in the shell chamber Ventilation device 12 and spaced walls 3.Ventilation device 12 is arranged for generating circling gas flow in the shell chamber 6 of shell 2, the gas It flows indicated by an arrow.Shell chamber 6 is divided into first part 6a and second part 6b by spaced walls 3, and circling gas flow alternately flows through The first part and second part.Opening of the air-flow in the partition wall across part 6a, 6b.In first part 6a and second The electronic component 4,5 of inverter 1 can be arranged in the 6b of part, these electronic components are cooled down by air-flow.In addition, also in shell 2 Outer wall region in arrange heat exchanger 8, which extend into shell chamber 6 by first part 8a and by Two part 8b are reached in the perimeter of shell.Heat exchanger is flowed through and is heated by circling gas flow in the 8a of part, and Its heat is discharged to the outside in air in two part 8b.In this way, the electronic component 4,5 by inverter is improved The discharge of the heat of generation, to realize more compact shell.Due to the temperature gradient occurred along circling gas flow, there will be height It is required that element 4 be placed on behind heat exchanger 8 and be advantageous as closely as possible on the direction that air flows because around sky Gas still has relatively low temperature at this location.It therefore, can be in the flowing direction with lower cooling desired element It is placed on 8 close front of heat exchanger.

In this case, the second part 8b of heat exchanger 8 can be disposed in the housing parts of the opening of shell 2 Inside, and for example as shown in Fig. 2, being cooled down by other ventilation device 13 with compulsory cooling air-flow.But it can also be with Imagine allow heat exchanger 8 second part 8b open ground from shell stretch out, and be for example arranged in inverter 1 towards inverse Become on the back side of the support construction of device 1.Here, other ventilation device can also provide air-flow, or it can use nature pair Stream forms enough flowings.

Fig. 2 shows the second embodiments of inverter 1, wherein other spaced walls 7 are arranged, so that in shell chamber 6 Interior formation Part III 6c.Air-flow is generated in the 6b of middle section by ventilation device 12, the air-flow is in the end of part 6b Be diverted in first part 6a and be partly diverted in Part III 6c to opening portion in spaced walls, and from this Two parts are each passed through open closed into middle section 6b in spaced walls again in their end.Pass through this side Formula, produces two circling gas flows, the two circling gas flows are vented the driving of device 12 simultaneously in the 6b of middle section.

Here, show relay-set 15 in Part III 6c, the relay-set equally also by one of them Circling gas flow is cooling.Particularly, relay can be disconnecting relay (Trennrelais), which can will be inverse Become the connection of device 1 and power grid or is electrically isolated with the connection of DC generator (for example, solar generator).Since this relay exists Can be flowed through by the electric current close with the maximum rated current of relay in long period, thus the relay have it is high cold But it requires, or expects to reduce the temperature at especially relay contact, to realize the high service life of relay.Therefore, Other than relay is placed in circling gas flow, the work in carry out other structures for cooling down relay is also intentional Justice.Certainly, relay-set 15 can also be located in the other parts of shell chamber 6.

Being used to cool down the feasible program of relay contact known in principle is the conductor for being electrically connected relay contact Track (Leiterbahnen) effectively serves as radiator.Therefore, these conductor rails are easily designed to flat conductor rail.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, Fig. 3 show the relay-set 15 with improved cooling characteristics Structure.First relay and the second relay 10 are installed on the circuit board 11 between two spaced walls 3, these spaced walls quilts It is arranged vertically on circuit board.In circuit board 11 or on circuit board be preferably designed for flat conductor rail 14 by the two Relay 10 is electrically connected to each other or is electrically connected them with other components of inverter.

Heat exchanger 9 is arranged between relay 10, which thermally contacts with following circuit board 11.Heat is handed over Parallel operation 9 has such function, that is, absorbs the heat being distributed on the conductor rail as radiator since relay contact, And heat is discharged via the sheet material surrounded by circling gas flow.Therefore, in order to effectively cool down relay contact, seek circuit board The contact resistance of low-heat between 11 and heat exchanger 9.For this purpose, the transverse direction between relay 10 and heat exchanger 9 should be minimized Spacing.It is therefore preferred that heat exchanger 9 has substrate in the end towards circuit board, so that heat exchanger 9 is in substrate Than in heat exchanger 9, closer relay, sheet material are located in the part of substrate in the part of substrate in region. This facilitates to may still flow through enough air-flows between heat exchanger 9 and relay 10 simultaneously.

Fig. 4 shows the alternative embodiment of relay-set 15.Embodiment compared to Fig. 3, has lacked heat Exchanger, thus be provided with conductor rail 14, with for improve in the spaced walls 3 for be designed to circuit board or in spaced walls after The heat dissipation of appliance contact, the conductor rail are preferably in electrical contact with the conductor rail in circuit board 11, at least thermally contact, relay Contact is electrically connected with the conductor rail in circuit board.Thus, it is possible to which the heat from relay contact is efficiently transferred to phase It, therefrom can be than heat be excluded from circuit board 11 better by air-flow in the spaced walls 3 answered.

Claims

1. a kind of inverter, comprising:

Closed shell chamber (6) is used to accommodate electronic component (4,5), and

Heat exchanger (8) extend into the shell chamber (6) by first part (8a) and passes through the shell chamber (6) Outer wall reaches in the external region of the shell chamber (6) by second part (8b),

It is characterized in that,

The ventilation device (12) for driving circling gas flow is arranged inside the shell chamber (6), wherein the heat exchanger (8) it is surrounded by circling gas flow, and the spaced walls (3) in the shell chamber (6) are by the circular gas of flow direction phase opposite sense Two parts of stream are separated from one another.

2. inverter according to claim 1 also has other ventilation device (13), the other ventilation device quilt It is arranged so that the air-flow generated by the other ventilation device (13) surrounds the second part of the heat exchanger (8) (8b)。

3. inverter according to claim 1, wherein the shell (2) for surrounding the shell chamber (6) is made with die-casting process.

4. inverter according to claim 2, wherein the shell (2) for surrounding the shell chamber (6) is made with die-casting process.

5. inverter according to claim 3, wherein the heat exchanger (8) is formed as the shell with die-casting process (2) a part.

6. inverter according to claim 4, wherein the heat exchanger (8) is formed as the shell with die-casting process (2) a part.

7. inverter according to claim 1 to 6 also has other spaced walls in the shell chamber (6) (7), the other spaced walls are arranged such that form the second circling gas flow, wherein the ventilation device (12) drives simultaneously Two circling gas flows.

8. inverter according to claim 1 to 6, wherein along air-flow, since the heat exchanger (8), The first element (4) in the electronic component (4,5) is arranged first, then arranges in the electronic component (4,5) Two element (5), wherein the first element (4) has the cooling requirement higher than the second element (5).

9. inverter according to claim 7, wherein since the heat exchanger (8), being arranged first along air-flow First element (4) in the electronic component (4,5), then arranges the second element (5) in the electronic component (4,5), Wherein the first element (4) has the cooling requirement higher than the second element (5).

10. inverter described in any one of -6 and 9 according to claim 1, further includes:

Control unit is used to control the ventilation device (12), and

The temperature sensor connecting with described control unit, the temperature sensor are used to detect the shell chamber (6) inside Temperature, wherein described control unit is arranged for according to adjusting the ventilation dress by temperature that the temperature sensor determines Set the speed of (12).

11. inverter according to claim 7, further includes:

Control unit is used to control the ventilation device (12), and

12. inverter according to claim 8, further includes:

Control unit is used to control the ventilation device (12), and

13. inverter described in any one of -6,9 and 11-12 according to claim 1, wherein the electronic component (4,5) is by cloth It sets on first circuit board, and wherein the spaced walls (3) are made of second circuit board, the second circuit board is by vertically It is mounted on the first circuit board.

14. inverter according to claim 7, wherein the electronic component (4,5) is disposed on first circuit board, and And wherein the spaced walls (3) are made of second circuit board, the second circuit board is vertically installed in first circuit On plate.

15. inverter according to claim 8, wherein the electronic component (4,5) is disposed on first circuit board, and And wherein the spaced walls (3) are made of second circuit board, the second circuit board is vertically installed in first circuit On plate.

16. inverter according to claim 10, wherein the electronic component (4,5) is disposed on first circuit board, And wherein the spaced walls (3) are made of second circuit board, and the second circuit board is vertically installed in first electricity On the plate of road.

17. inverter according to claim 13, wherein heater element is disposed on the second circuit board or described In second circuit board.

18. inverter described in any one of 4-16 according to claim 1, wherein heater element is disposed in the second circuit On plate or in the second circuit board.

19. inverter according to claim 17, wherein the heater element is the route for guiding load current.

20. inverter according to claim 18, wherein the heater element is the route for guiding load current.

21. inverter described in 9 or 20 according to claim 1, wherein the route of the guidance load current and relay (10) Electrical connection.

22. inverter according to claim 21, wherein the relay (10) constitutes the inverter (1) and power grid Or a part of the separated separator of DC generator.

23. inverter according to claim 21, wherein the relay (10) with the second circuit board to be apart situated between Spacing between 5mm and 10mm is disposed on the first circuit board.

24. inverter according to claim 22, wherein the relay (10) with the second circuit board to be apart situated between Spacing between 5mm and 10mm is disposed on the first circuit board.

25. inverter described in any one of -6,9 and 11-12 according to claim 1, further include on circuit board (11) after Electrical installation (15), the relay-set have the first relay and the second relay (10), first relay and the Two relays collectively form the separator that the inverter (1) is separated with power grid or DC generator, wherein described first after Other heat exchanger (9) are arranged between electric appliance and the second relay (10) and in circulating current.

26. inverter according to claim 7 further includes the relay-set (15) on circuit board (11), it is described after Electrical installation has the first relay and the second relay (10), and first relay and the second relay collectively form described The separator that inverter (1) is separated with power grid or DC generator, wherein in first relay and the second relay (10) Between and arrange other heat exchanger (9) in circulating current.

27. inverter according to claim 8 further includes the relay-set (15) on circuit board (11), it is described after Electrical installation has the first relay and the second relay (10), and first relay and the second relay collectively form described The separator that inverter (1) is separated with power grid or DC generator, wherein in first relay and the second relay (10) Between and arrange other heat exchanger (9) in circulating current.

28. inverter according to claim 10 further includes the relay-set (15) on circuit board (11), it is described after Electrical installation has the first relay and the second relay (10), and first relay and the second relay collectively form described The separator that inverter (1) is separated with power grid or DC generator, wherein in first relay and the second relay (10) Between and arrange other heat exchanger (9) in circulating current.

29. inverter according to claim 25, wherein the other heat exchanger (9) is towards the circuit board (11) end has substrate, wherein the substrate deviates from the circuit board (11) than the other heat exchanger (9) End closer to first relay and/or the second relay (10).

30. the inverter according to any one of claim 26-28, wherein the other heat exchanger (9) towards The end of the circuit board (11) has substrate, wherein the substrate is than the other heat exchanger (9) away from described The end of circuit board (11) is closer to first relay and/or the second relay (10).