CN209534736U - A kind of hydraulic system of orchard picking equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to Machinery for orchard apparatus field, more particularly to a kind of hydraulic system of orchard picking equipment, power is provided for upper dress transportation system and chassis steering system simultaneously by constant displacement pump, the flow input for piling up conveyer belt motor and main conveyor belt motor is controlled by proportional multi-way valve, the control of hydraulic cylinder extension movement velocity is realized by speed governing valve, picking fruit is realized to convey automatically and the functions such as the automatic cartonning of fruit, it is big to solve the pure artificial picking amount of labour, picking efficiency is low, pick the problems such as at high cost, it is strong to meet fruit Seasonal Harvest, the short feature of collecting time.

Description

A hydraulic system for orchard picking equipment

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of orchard mechanical equipment, in particular to a hydraulic system for orchard picking equipment.

Background technique

my country is the world's largest fruit producer and also the world's largest fruit consumer. The rapid growth of orchard planting area has given rise to the market demand for orchard machinery and equipment. The labor force used in fruit picking operations accounts for 33% to 50% of the labor force used in the entire production cycle. At present, most of the domestic fruit picking is purely manual picking, which has low efficiency, heavy labor and high picking cost.

In order to solve the problems of low efficiency, heavy labor, and high picking cost of purely manual fruit picking, the orchard picking equipment of the present utility model has the following performance: it can accommodate 6 to 8 people to work at the same time, and the average picking efficiency per person can reach that of traditional pure manual picking. Picking is 6 to 8 times faster, and each person can pick up to 300 kilograms of apples per hour. It can also realize the functions of automatic fruit collection, transportation and stacking, and the damage rate of apples is low. Therefore, in order to adapt to the orchard picking operation equipment, a set of matching hydraulic system was designed.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the disadvantages of the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model provides a hydraulic system for orchard picking equipment, which can completely solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

The technical scheme that solves the above-mentioned technical problem is as follows:

A hydraulic system for orchard picking equipment, including an oil suction pipeline, an oil return pipeline, a variable pump, a high-pressure filter, a proportional flow valve, a travel motor, a quantitative pump, and a multi-way valve, and the pressure outlet of the high-pressure filter and the variable pump There are two proportional flow valves, which are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the travel motor, and control the oil supply of the left and right travel motors. The variable pump is equipped with a pressure gauge, and the quantitative pump is a bodywork The delivery system and the chassis steering system provide pressure oil; the oil return pipeline is equipped with a cooler;

The multi-way valve is a nine-way multi-way valve; the multi-way valve controls a stacking conveyor belt motor, a main conveyor belt motor, a fruit box rotation motor, a stacking conveyor belt lifting cylinder, and two fruit box lifting cylinders. A right platform telescopic oil cylinder, a left platform telescopic oil cylinder, a rear steering oil cylinder, and a front steering oil cylinder; The conveyor belt motors are respectively equipped with speed sensors, and the automatic adjustment of the proportional multi-way valve is realized according to the sensor signal feedback, and the input flow of the stacking conveyor belt motor and the main conveyor belt motor is controlled to be consistent.

The stacking conveyor belt motor drives the rotary motion of the stacking conveyor belt to realize the automatic collection function of fruits;

The main conveyor belt motor drives the rotary motion of the main conveyor belt to realize the automatic fruit transmission function;

The fruit box rotation motor drives the rotation of the fruit box to realize the automatic stacking function of the fruit;

The telescopic oil cylinder on the left platform and the telescopic oil cylinder on the right platform drive the stretching and retracting movement of the left and right working platforms of the picking equipment. The telescopic oil cylinder on the left platform and the telescopic oil cylinder on the right platform are both provided with a first throttle valve. The first throttle valve controls the extension and retraction speeds of the left platform telescopic oil cylinder and the right platform telescopic oil cylinder to ensure the safe and stable operation of the operation platform;

The rear steering cylinder and the front steering cylinder are used to drive the left and right steering actions of the steering system of the orchard picking equipment. Both the rear steering cylinder and the front steering cylinder are provided with a second throttle valve, and the second throttle valve Control the action speed of the rear steering cylinder and the front steering cylinder.

Furthermore, the traveling motor is equipped with a rotational speed sensor, and the proportional flow valve is automatically adjusted according to the feedback signal of the rotational speed sensor, so that the input flow on the left and right sides of the traveling motor is consistent, preventing wheel slippage and providing optimal vehicle traction.

Furthermore, the fruit box rotating motor is provided with a fruit box rotating motor speed regulating valve, and the fruit box rotating motor speed regulating valve controls the rotation speed of the fruit box rotating motor.

Further, the stacking conveyor belt lifting cylinder is respectively provided with a stacking lifting cylinder speed regulating valve and a hydraulic lock, the stacking conveyor belt lifting cylinder drives the stacking conveyor belt lifting movement, and the stacking lifting cylinder speed regulating valve controls the stacking and conveying With the lifting speed of the lifting cylinder, the hydraulic lock locks the stacking conveyor belt at the desired position.

Further, there are two fruit box lifting cylinders, which are used to drive the lifting and lowering of the fruit box; a one-way throttle valve and a second hydraulic lock are also arranged on the fruit box lifting cylinder, and the one-way joint The flow valve controls the lifting and/or lowering speed of the fruit box, and the second hydraulic lock locks the fruit box at a desired position.

Further, the oil return filter and the oil suction filter are installed on the hydraulic oil tank, the oil return filter is connected with the oil return pipeline, the oil suction filter is connected with the oil suction pipeline, and the oil suction pipeline is located on the A ball valve is installed at the outlet of the oil suction filter. Ensure the cleanliness of the hydraulic oil and realize the stable operation of the hydraulic system. The ball valve is to facilitate the regular maintenance of the oil suction filter.

Furthermore, the cooler has a one-way valve. When the system reaches a certain pressure value, the one-way valve opens automatically to prevent the cooler from being damaged due to exceeding the set pressure, thereby protecting the cooler.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

The utility model provides a hydraulic system of orchard picking equipment. The hydraulic system provides power for the chassis walking motor through a variable variable pump, and provides two walking speeds of low-speed picking mode and high-speed speed mode, which meet the actual operation needs of orchard picking equipment. run.

The chassis travel motor of this hydraulic system is equipped with a speed sensor, and the proportional flow valve is controlled by the sensor signal feedback to ensure that the input flow of the left and right travel motors is uniform, preventing vehicle skidding and providing the best vehicle traction. The control system is simple, stable and reliable.

The hydraulic system provides power for the bodywork conveying system and the chassis steering system at the same time through the quantitative pump, controls the flow input of the stacking conveyor belt motor and the main conveyor belt motor through the proportional multi-way valve, and realizes the control of the telescopic movement speed of the hydraulic cylinder through the speed regulating valve. It realizes the functions of automatic fruit picking transportation and automatic fruit boxing, and solves the problems of large labor, low picking efficiency and high picking cost of pure manual picking, and meets the characteristics of strong seasonality and short picking time of fruit picking.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the hydraulic system of the orchard picking equipment of the present utility model;

In the figure: 1 is oil return filter, 2 is oil suction filter, 3 is ball valve, 4 is variable pump, 5 is pressure gauge, 6 is high pressure filter, 7 is proportional flow valve, 8 is travel motor, 9 is quantitative Pump, 10 is a one-way valve, 11 is a cooler, 12 is a multi-way valve, 13 is a stacking conveyor belt motor, 14 is a main conveyor belt motor, 15 is a fruit box rotation motor, 16 is a fruit box rotation motor speed control valve, 17 is the stacking lifting cylinder speed control valve, 18 is the stacking conveyor belt lifting cylinder, 19 is the first hydraulic lock, 20 is the fruit box lifting cylinder, 21 is the second hydraulic lock, 22 is a one-way throttle valve, 23 is the first Throttle valve, 24 is the left platform lifting oil cylinder, and 25 is the right platform lifting oil cylinder, and 26 is the rear steering oil cylinder, and 27 is the second throttle valve, and 28 is the front steering oil cylinder.

Detailed ways

Example 1:

A hydraulic system for orchard picking equipment, including oil suction pipeline, oil return pipeline, variable pump 4, high pressure filter 6, proportional flow valve 7, travel motor 8, quantitative pump 9 and multi-way valve 12, high pressure filter 6 and variable The pressure outlet of the pump 4 is connected, and there are two proportional flow valves 7, which are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the travel motor 8, and control the oil supply of the left and right travel motor 8. The variable pump 4 is equipped with a pressure gauge 5 and a quantitative pump 9. Provide pressure oil for the bodywork conveying system and chassis steering system; a cooler 11 is installed on the oil return pipeline;

The multi-way valve 12 is a nine-way multi-way valve; the nine-way multi-way valve is connected to the outlet of the quantitative pump 9, and the pressure is provided by the quantitative pump 9. The multi-way valve 12 respectively controls a stacking conveyor belt motor 13, a main conveyor belt motor 14, a fruit box rotating motor 15, a stacking conveyor belt lifting cylinder 18, two fruit box lifting cylinders 20, a right platform telescopic cylinder 24, A left platform telescopic oil cylinder 25, a rear steering oil cylinder 26, and a front steering oil cylinder 28 move in the direction; the first joint and the second joint of the nine-way multi-way valve are proportional multi-way valves, and the stacking conveyor belt motor 13 and the main conveyor belt The motors 14 are respectively equipped with speed sensors, and the automatic adjustment of the proportional multi-way valve is realized according to the sensor signal feedback, and the input flows of the stacking conveyor belt motor 13 and the main conveyor belt motor 14 are controlled to be consistent.

The stacking conveyor belt motor 13 drives the rotary motion of the stacking conveyor belt to realize the automatic collection function of fruits;

The main conveyor belt motor 14 drives the rotary motion of the main conveyor belt to realize the automatic transmission function of the fruit;

The fruit box rotary motor 15 drives the rotary motion of the fruit box to realize the automatic stacking function of fruits;

The left platform telescopic oil cylinder 24 and the right platform telescopic oil cylinder 25 drive the stretching and retracting motion of the left and right operating platforms of the picking equipment. The left platform telescopic oil cylinder 24 and the right platform telescopic oil cylinder 25 are all provided with a first throttle valve 23, the first section The flow valve 23 controls the stretching and retracting speeds of the left platform telescopic oil cylinder 24 and the right platform telescopic oil cylinder 25;

The rear steering oil cylinder 26 and the front steering oil cylinder 28 are used to drive the left and right steering actions of the steering system of the orchard picking equipment. The rear steering oil cylinder 26 and the front steering oil cylinder 28 are all provided with a second throttle valve 27, and the second throttle valve 27 controls the rear steering. The action speed of oil cylinder 26 and front steering oil cylinder 28.

A speed sensor is installed on the travel motor 8, and the proportional flow valve 7 is automatically adjusted according to the feedback signal of the speed sensor.

The fruit box rotary motor 15 is provided with a fruit box rotary motor speed regulating valve 16, and the fruit box rotary motor speed regulating valve 16 controls the rotational speed of the fruit box rotary motor 15.

The stacking conveyor belt lifting oil cylinder 18 is respectively provided with a stacking lifting cylinder speed regulating valve 17 and a hydraulic lock 19. The stacking conveyor belt lifting cylinder 18 drives the stacking conveyor belt lifting movement, and the stacking lifting cylinder speed regulating valve 17 controls the stacking of the conveyor belt lifting cylinder 18. Lifting speed, hydraulic lock 19 is locked in the required position with stacking conveyer belt.

There are two fruit box lifting cylinders 20, which are used to drive the lifting and lowering of the fruit box; the fruit box lifting cylinder 20 is also provided with a one-way throttle valve 22 and a second hydraulic lock 21, and the one-way throttle valve 22 controls the fruit box. Lifting and/or lowering speed, the second hydraulic lock 21 locks the fruit box at the required position.

The oil return filter 1 and the oil suction filter 2 are installed on the hydraulic oil tank, the oil return filter 1 is connected with the oil return pipeline, the oil suction filter 2 is connected with the oil suction pipeline, and the oil suction pipeline is installed at the outlet of the oil suction filter 2 Ball valve 3.

The cooler 11 has a one-way valve 10 .

The variable pump 4 provides pressure oil for the chassis travel motor 8 of the orchard picking equipment. The main feature of the variable pump is that it cooperates with a charge pump to realize the hydraulic oil replenishment, cooling and flushing of the variable pump. The displacement of the variable pump is determined according to the walking speed of the low-speed picking mode and the high-speed transition mode of the orchard picking equipment.

The utility model provides a hydraulic system for orchard picking equipment: the variable pump 4 provides pressure oil to the chassis walking system, realizing the automatic flow adjustment of the orchard picking equipment in the low-speed picking and high-speed transition walking modes, with high efficiency and energy saving; two walking motors 8 is equipped with a speed sensor, and the proportional flow valve 7 automatically adjusts the flow rate through the sensor feedback information to ensure that the two motors rotate at the same speed under various loads, pressures, flow rates, etc., to prevent the wheels from slipping and provide the best vehicle performance. Traction: Speed sensors are installed on the stacking conveyor motor 13 and the main conveyor motor 14, and the sensor signals are fed back to the first and second joints of the nine-way multi-way valve to realize automatic flow adjustment of the proportional multi-way valve and ensure the stacking conveyor belt motor 13 is consistent with the input flow of the main conveying motor 14. The remaining seven-way multi-way valves of the nine-way multi-way valve respectively control the fruit box rotation motor 15, the stacking conveyor belt lift cylinder 18, the fruit box lift cylinder 20, the left platform lift cylinder 24, the right platform lift cylinder 25, and the chassis turns after the steering cylinder. Oil cylinder 26 and front steering oil cylinder 28. Wherein, the motor 15 is used to drive the rotary motion of the fruit box, the stacking conveyor belt lifting cylinder 18 is used to drive the lifting of the stacking conveyor belt, and the fruit box lifting cylinder 20 is used to drive the lifting motion of the fruit box.

Example 2:

A hydraulic system for orchard picking equipment, including oil suction pipeline, oil return pipeline, variable pump 4, high pressure filter 6, proportional flow valve 7, travel motor 8, quantitative pump 9 and multi-way valve 12, high pressure filter 6 and variable The pressure outlet of the pump 4 is connected, and there are two proportional flow valves 7, which are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the travel motor 8, and control the oil supply of the left and right travel motor 8. The variable pump 4 is equipped with a pressure gauge 5 and a quantitative pump 9. Provide pressure oil for the upper loading conveying system and chassis steering system of the orchard picking equipment; a cooler 11 is installed on the oil return pipeline;

The multi-way valve 12 is a nine-way multi-way valve; the nine-way multi-way valve is connected to the outlet of the quantitative pump 9, and the pressure is provided by the quantitative pump 9. The multi-way valve 12 respectively controls a stacking conveyor belt motor 13, a main conveyor belt motor 14, a fruit box rotating motor 15, a stacking conveyor belt lifting cylinder 18, two fruit box lifting cylinders 20, a right platform telescopic cylinder 24, A left platform telescopic oil cylinder 25, a rear steering oil cylinder 26, and a front steering oil cylinder 28 move in the direction; the first joint and the second joint of the nine-way multi-way valve are proportional multi-way valves, and the stacking conveyor belt motor 13 and the main conveyor belt The motors 14 are respectively equipped with speed sensors, and the automatic adjustment of the proportional multi-way valve is realized according to the sensor signal feedback, and the input flows of the stacking conveyor belt motor 13 and the main conveyor belt motor 14 are controlled to be consistent.

The stacking conveyor belt motor 13 drives the rotary motion of the stacking conveyor belt to realize the automatic collection function of fruits;

The main conveyor belt motor 14 drives the rotary motion of the main conveyor belt to realize the automatic transmission function of the fruit;

The fruit box rotary motor 15 drives the rotary motion of the fruit box to realize the automatic stacking function of fruits;

The left platform telescopic oil cylinder 24 and the right platform telescopic oil cylinder 25 drive the stretching and retracting motion of the left and right operating platforms of the picking equipment. The left platform telescopic oil cylinder 24 and the right platform telescopic oil cylinder 25 are all provided with a first throttle valve 23. The flow valve 23 controls the stretching and retracting speeds of the left platform telescopic oil cylinder 24 and the right platform telescopic oil cylinder 25;

The rear steering oil cylinder 26 and the front steering oil cylinder 28 are used to drive the left and right steering actions of the steering system of the orchard picking equipment. The rear steering oil cylinder 26 and the front steering oil cylinder 28 are all provided with a second throttle valve 27, and the second throttle valve 27 controls the rear steering. The action speed of oil cylinder 26 and front steering oil cylinder 28.

A speed sensor is installed on the travel motor 8, and the proportional flow valve 7 is automatically adjusted according to the feedback signal of the speed sensor. The automatic adjustment of the proportional flow valve 7 is realized through the feedback of the speed sensor to ensure that the two motors rotate at the same speed under various loads, pressures, flows, etc., preventing wheel slipping and providing the best vehicle traction.

The fruit box rotary motor 15 is provided with a fruit box rotary motor speed regulating valve 16, and the fruit box rotary motor speed regulating valve 16 controls the rotational speed of the fruit box rotary motor 15.

The stacking conveyor belt lifting oil cylinder 18 is respectively provided with a stacking lifting cylinder speed regulating valve 17 and a hydraulic lock 19. The stacking conveyor belt lifting cylinder 18 drives the stacking conveyor belt lifting movement, and the stacking lifting cylinder speed regulating valve 17 controls the stacking of the conveyor belt lifting cylinder 18. Lifting speed, hydraulic lock 19 is locked in the required position with stacking conveyer belt.

There are two fruit box lifting cylinders 20, which are used to drive the lifting and lowering of the fruit box; the fruit box lifting cylinder 20 is also provided with a one-way throttle valve 22 and a second hydraulic lock 21, and the one-way throttle valve 22 controls the fruit box. Lifting and/or lowering speed, the second hydraulic lock 21 locks the fruit box at the required position.

The variable pump 4 provides pressure oil for the chassis travel motor 8 of the orchard picking equipment. The main feature of the variable pump is that it cooperates with a charge pump to realize the hydraulic oil replenishment, cooling and flushing of the variable pump. The displacement of the variable pump is determined according to the walking speed of the low-speed picking mode and the high-speed transition mode of the orchard picking equipment.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the utility model in any form. Any simple modification or equivalent change made to the above embodiments in essence according to the technology of the utility model falls within the scope of the present invention. Into the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. A hydraulic system for orchard picking equipment, characterized in that it comprises an oil suction pipeline, an oil return pipeline, a variable pump, a high pressure filter, a proportional flow valve, a travel motor, a quantitative pump and a multi-way valve, and the high pressure filter It is connected with the pressure outlet of the variable pump. There are two proportional flow valves, which are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the travel motor, and control the oil supply of the left and right travel motors. The variable pump is equipped with a pressure gauge. The quantitative pump described above provides pressure oil for the bodywork conveying system and the chassis steering system; a cooler is installed on the oil return pipeline described above; The multi-way valve is a nine-way multi-way valve; the nine-way multi-way valve is connected to the outlet of the quantitative pump, and the pressure is provided by the quantitative pump; the multi-way valve controls the stacking conveyor motor, the main conveyor belt motor, and the rotation of the fruit box respectively. The movement direction of the motor, stacking conveyor belt lifting cylinder, fruit box lifting cylinder, right platform telescopic cylinder, left platform telescopic cylinder, rear steering cylinder, and front steering cylinder; Speed sensors are installed on the road valve, the stacking conveyor motor and the main conveyor belt motor respectively, and the automatic adjustment of the proportional multi-way valve is realized according to the sensor signal feedback, and the input flow of the stacking conveyor belt motor and the main conveyor belt of the motor is controlled to be consistent; The stacking conveyor belt motor drives the rotary motion of the stacking conveyor belt to realize the automatic collection function of fruits; The main conveyor belt motor drives the rotary motion of the main conveyor belt to realize the automatic fruit transmission function; The fruit box rotation motor drives the rotation of the fruit box to realize the automatic stacking function of the fruit; The telescopic oil cylinder on the left platform and the telescopic oil cylinder on the right platform drive the stretching and retracting movement of the left and right working platforms of the picking equipment. The telescopic oil cylinder on the left platform and the telescopic oil cylinder on the right platform are both provided with a first throttle valve. The first throttle valve controls the extension and retraction speeds of the left platform telescopic cylinder and the right platform telescopic cylinder; The rear steering cylinder and the front steering cylinder are used to drive the left and right steering actions of the steering system of the orchard picking equipment. Both the rear steering cylinder and the front steering cylinder are provided with a second throttle valve, and the second throttle valve Control the action speed of the rear steering cylinder and the front steering cylinder. 2. The hydraulic system of orchard picking equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the travel motor is equipped with a rotational speed sensor, and the proportional flow valve is automatically adjusted according to the feedback signal of the rotational speed sensor. 3. The hydraulic system of orchard picking equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the fruit box rotating motor speed regulating valve is arranged on the fruit box rotating motor, and the fruit box rotating motor speed regulating valve controls the fruit box rotating motor. The rotation speed of the box rotation motor. 4. The hydraulic system of orchard picking equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the stacking conveyor belt lifting cylinder is respectively provided with a stacking lifting cylinder speed control valve and a hydraulic lock, and the stacking conveyor belt lifting cylinder Drive the lifting movement of the stacking conveyor belt, the speed regulating valve of the stacking lifting cylinder controls the lifting speed of the stacking conveyor belt lifting cylinder, and the hydraulic lock locks the stacking conveyor belt at the required position. 5. The hydraulic system of orchard picking equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, there are two lifting cylinders for driving the fruit box, which are used to drive the lifting and lowering of the fruit box; To the throttle valve and the second hydraulic lock, the one-way throttle valve controls the lifting and/or lowering speed of the fruit box, and the second hydraulic lock locks the fruit box at the required position. 6. The hydraulic system of orchard picking equipment according to claim 1, wherein an oil return filter and an oil suction filter are installed on the hydraulic oil tank, and the described oil return filter is connected with the oil return pipeline, and the The oil suction filter is connected with the oil suction pipeline, and a ball valve is installed on the oil suction pipeline at the outlet of the oil suction filter. 7. The hydraulic system of orchard picking equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that said cooler has a check valve.