CN201538685U - A nozzle with a cyclone for the preparation of synthesis gas from gaseous carbonaceous materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model proposes a nozzle with a cyclone for preparing synthesis gas from gaseous carbon-containing materials, which mainly consists of a central nozzle, an inner ring nozzle, an outer ring nozzle, a central channel cyclone, an outer ring channel cyclone and Composition of the cooling system. The nozzle can be used for partial oxidation of gaseous carbonaceous materials such as natural gas, coke oven gas, coal bed methane, refinery gas, and oilfield associated gas to prepare synthesis gas. Since the nozzle is equipped with a swirler in the central channel and the outer ring channel, it promotes the mixing of materials and facilitates the stability of the flame length and state. service life.

Description

A nozzle with a cyclone for the preparation of synthesis gas from gaseous carbonaceous materials

technical field

The invention relates to a burner with a cyclone, in particular to a nozzle for preparing synthesis gas (CO+H ₂ ) by partial oxidation of gaseous carbonaceous materials.

Background technique

Gaseous carbonaceous materials refer to natural gas, coke oven gas, coal bed methane, refinery gas, oilfield associated gas and other gases rich in CH ₄ , C ₂ H ₆ and other hydrocarbons. With the enhancement of people's energy and environmental awareness, some gaseous carbonaceous materials (such as coke oven gas and coal bed methane) that have been directly evacuated and directly burned before have been transformed into industrial raw materials with high added value. Taking coke oven gas as an example, my country is the world's major coke producer, with about 90 billion cubic meters of coke oven gas produced by-product every year, which is directly discharged into the atmosphere or The coke oven gas burned in vain is equivalent to the annual natural gas volume of the West-East Gas Pipeline Project, and causes serious environmental pollution.

The conversion of gaseous carbonaceous materials into synthesis gas (CO+H ₂ ) is an important link in the entire industrial chain of gaseous carbonaceous materials. The produced synthesis gas can be used in the fields of preparation of chemicals, liquid fuels, direct reduction ironmaking, hydrogen production, etc. . The main processes for preparing synthesis gas from gaseous carbonaceous materials are catalytic partial oxidation and non-catalytic partial oxidation. The common point is that the nozzle installed on the reformer plays a pivotal role in the entire reforming process. The nozzle should not only promote the mixing of gaseous carbonaceous material and gasification agent (air, oxygen-enriched air, air separation oxygen, water vapor, carbon dioxide or their mixture), but also match with the furnace body to form a suitable flow field, and then form a suitable Temperature distribution achieves multiple purposes of protecting nozzles, refractory bricks and catalysts.

Taking the coke oven gas catalytic partial oxidation unit actually in operation in a factory as an example, there are the following problems of catalyst burnout and failure during operation:

(1) The combustion flame of the nozzle is too long, and the catalyst in the upper layer of the reformer catalyst bed is in direct contact with the flame;

(2) The mixing effect of the nozzle is poor, and the oxygen enters the catalyst bed of the reformer before it is completely reacted in the combustion zone of the reformer.

The object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned technologies, and propose a nozzle with a cyclone for preparing synthesis gas from gaseous carbonaceous materials. The mixing effect of the nozzle is optimized by setting the swirler in the channel of the gasification agent, which promotes the complete reaction of oxygen in the combustion zone of the reformer; at the same time, setting the swirler can stabilize the length and state of the combustion flame to protect the nozzle , refractory bricks and catalysts to realize the stable, long-term, full and optimal operation of the entire device.

Utility model content

The utility model proposes a nozzle with a cyclone for preparing synthesis gas from gaseous carbon-containing materials, which is characterized in that the nozzle consists of a central nozzle (1), an inner ring nozzle (2), and an outer nozzle arranged coaxially in sequence. A ring nozzle (3), a swirler (4, 5) and a cooling system (6) are combined.

A central channel (7) is formed between the center nozzles (1) arranged coaxially in sequence, and an outer ring channel (9) is formed between the inner ring nozzles (2) and the outer ring nozzles (3); An inner ring gap channel (8) is formed between the central spray head (1) and the inner ring spray head (2).

The swirlers (4, 5) are respectively installed in the central passage (7) and the outer ring passage (9).

The cyclone (4, 5) adopts an axial spiral groove type or an axial rotary vane type, and the swirl number is 0.1-0.9.

The flow velocity of the gasifying agent at the outlet of the central channel (7) is 10-200m/s, the flow velocity of the gaseous carbon-containing material at the outlet of the inner annular channel (8) is 20-300m/s, and the outer annular channel (9) The flow velocity of the gasification agent at the outlet is 20-300m/s.

The length H of the inner straight section of the center nozzle (1) is 1 to 4 times the diameter of the end of the nozzle center channel (7); the inner contraction angle α of the center nozzle (1) is 45 to 80 degrees; the outer contraction angle of the center nozzle (1), The inner contraction angle β of the inner ring nozzle (2) is equal, which is 30-80 degrees; the outer contraction angle of the inner ring nozzle (2) and the inner contraction angle γ of the outer ring nozzle (3) are equal, which is 30-80 degrees; the center nozzle (1 ) and the end of the inner ring nozzle (2) distance t1 is 1-5mm; the distance t2 between the inner ring nozzle (2) and the outer ring nozzle (3) is 1-5mm.

The distribution ratio of the gasification agent in the central passage (7) and the outer ring passage (9) is: 20-80% in the central passage; 20-80% in the outer ring passage.

The gaseous carbonaceous material is natural gas, coke oven gas, coal bed methane, refinery gas, oilfield associated gas or their mixtures.

The applicable pressure of the nozzle of the utility model is normal pressure～10.0MPa.

Because the nozzle of the utility model adopts a multi-channel structure with a swirler, it promotes the mixing of the gasification agent and the gaseous carbonaceous material, facilitates the stabilization of the flame length and state of the nozzle, and improves the gasification performance of the nozzle. The nozzle of the invention has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient manufacture and maintenance, long service life of the nozzle, refractory brick and catalyst, and wide application.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the nozzle of the embodiment.

Symbol Description:

1-center nozzle

2- Inner ring nozzle

3-outer ring nozzle

4-center channel cyclone

5-outer ring channel cyclone

6-Cooling system

7- Center channel

8-Inner annular gap channel

9-outer ring channel

H-length of inner straight section of center nozzle

α- Center nozzle inner contraction angle

β-external contraction angle of center nozzle, internal contraction angle of inner ring nozzle

γ-Outer shrinkage angle of inner ring nozzle, inner shrinkage angle of outer ring nozzle

t1- the distance between the center nozzle and the end of the inner ring nozzle

t2-Space between inner ring nozzle and outer ring nozzle

Detailed ways

The description of the following examples helps to understand the utility model, but does not limit the content of the utility model.

Example 1

Referring to Fig. 1, the utility model proposes a nozzle for preparing synthesis gas from gaseous carbonaceous materials with a swirler. The nozzle is used in coke oven gas autothermal conversion preparation and gas formation. In the combustion zone, the lower part is the catalyst bed.

Typical composition of coke oven gas is (v%): H ₂ 58, CO 6, CO ₂ 2.7, CH ₄ 26, N ₂ 4, C ₂ ⁺ 2.5, S 0.02. The gasifying agent consists of pure oxygen and water vapour. The ratio of pure oxygen to coke oven gas is 0.26Nm ³ O ₂ /Nm ³ coke oven gas, and the ratio of steam to coke oven gas is 0.3kg steam/Nm ³ coke oven gas.

The flow rate of the gasifying agent in the center channel 7 of the nozzle is 100m/s, the flow rate of the coke oven gas in the inner annular channel 8 of the nozzle is 120m/s, and the flow rate of the gasifying agent in the outer ring channel 9 of the nozzle is 100m/s.

The distribution ratio of the gasification agent in the central channel 7 and the outer ring channel 9 is: 40% of the central channel (can vary between 20% and 80%), and 60% of the outer ring channel.

The swirl numbers of the central channel cyclone 4 and the outer ring channel cyclone 5 can be 0.1-0.9, and they are all 0.5 here.

The length H of the inner straight section of the central nozzle is twice the diameter of the end of the central channel 7 of the nozzle.

The inner contraction angle α of the central nozzle 1 is 60 degrees here, and can be varied between 45° and 80°.

The outer contraction angle of the center nozzle 1 and the inner contraction angle β of the inner ring nozzle 2 are 70 degrees here, which can be varied between 30° and 80°.

The outer contraction angle of the inner ring nozzle 2 and the inner contraction angle γ of the outer ring nozzle 3 are 70 degrees here, which can be varied between 30° and 80°.

The distance t1 between the center nozzle 1 and the end of the inner ring nozzle 2 can be 1-5mm, here is 2mm.

The distance t2 between the ends of the inner ring nozzle 2 and the outer ring nozzle 3 may be 1-5 mm, and here is 2 mm.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of nozzle that is used for gaseous carbonaceous material preparation synthesis gas with swirler, it is characterized in that, described nozzle is arranged by successively coaxial center nozzle (1), inner ring nozzle (2), outer ring nozzle (3), and the combination of cyclone (4,5) and cooling system (6); A central channel (7) is formed between the center nozzles (1) arranged coaxially in sequence, and an outer ring channel (9) is formed between the inner ring nozzles (2) and the outer ring nozzles (3); An inner ring gap channel (8) is formed between the center nozzle (1) and the inner ring nozzle (2); The swirlers (4, 5) are respectively installed in the central passage (7) and the outer ring passage (9). 2. The nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, said swirlers (4, 5) adopt axial spiral groove type or axial swirl vane type, and the swirl number is 0.1-0.9. 3. The nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the gasification agent at the outlet of the central channel (7) has a flow velocity of 10-200 m/s, and the gaseous carbon-containing outlet of the inner annular channel (8) The flow velocity of the material is 20-300m/s, and the flow velocity of the gasifying agent at the outlet of the outer ring channel (9) is 20-300m/s. 4. The nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, the length of the inner straight section of the central nozzle (1) is 1 to 4 times the diameter of the end of the central channel (7); the central nozzle (1) The inner contraction angle α of the inner ring nozzle (2) is 45 to 80 degrees; the outer contraction angle of the center nozzle (1) is equal to the inner contraction angle β of the inner ring nozzle (2), which is 30 to 80 degrees; 2) The outer shrinkage angle is equal to the inner shrinkage angle γ of the outer ring nozzle (3), which is 30 to 80 degrees; the distance t1 between the center nozzle (1) and the end of the inner ring nozzle (2) is 1 ~5mm; the distance t2 between the end of the inner ring nozzle (2) and the outer ring nozzle (3) is 1~5mm. 5. The nozzle according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the distribution ratio of the gasification agent in the central channel (7) and the outer ring channel (9) is: 20-80% of the central channel ; Outer ring channel 20-80%.