Background technology
At the end of light communication system, use a kind of wavelength division multiplexer usually, it can send to the flashlight by electrical signal conversion in the light transmission paths such as optical fiber, perhaps this wavelength division multiplexer received signal light from light transmission path.In the prior art, wavelength division multiplexer is a kind of partial wave or wave multiplexer spare, and it can be multiplexing to an optical fiber with wavelength optical signals, or multiplexing a plurality of light signals in an optical fiber are separated by wavelength.At present, in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM, Wave Division Multiplexing) system, common MUX (Multiplexer, multiplexer) structural representation as shown in Figure 1, light emitting devices such as laser diode LD
1, LD
2... LD
NLaunch the flashlight λ of different wave length respectively
1, λ
2... λ
N, entering in the optical fiber and transmit through multiplexing device (WDM MUX) by optical fiber, and receive by the flashlight output, WDM is as wave multiplexer spare herein.In wavelength-division multiplex system, common DMUX (Demultiplexer, demultiplexing device) structural representation as shown in Figure 2, by the multi-wavelength's of flashlight input incident flashlight λ
1, λ
2... λ
NTransmit in optical fiber, isolate flashlight by optical fiber through demultiplexing device (WDM DMUX), the flashlight of variant wavelength enters a plurality of photo detectors respectively by optical fiber, and (Photodiode, PD), WDM is as wave-dividing device herein as photodiode.Therefore, WDM of the prior art once can only realize a kind of function in multiplexing or the demultiplexing, and at some special occasions, in modules such as image intensifer, need have partial wave and close the device of two kinds of functions of ripple, this just needs two wavelength division multiplexers, need many optical fiber to be connected to each other, because the minimum bending radius of every optical fiber connection is 25mm, as shown in figure 10, optical fiber includes fiber cladding 11 and fiber core 12, if fiber bending radius is less than 25mm, the flashlight of transmission will not satisfy total reflection principle in fiber core 12, and flashlight when transmitting distortion can take place in optical fiber, also can lose the part light energy.If bending radius is less than 25mm simultaneously, optical fiber damages easily, can make light signal generation distortion and Insertion Loss become big.In addition,, can take a lot of spaces, increase cost undoubtedly because there is optical fiber to be present in the system of optical elements.Because traditional free space optical elements system that is used for wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexing includes collimater and optical fiber head, use device many, it is big therefore to insert loss, and is not easy to integrated.
The utility model content
In view of this, main purpose of the present utility model is to provide a kind of and takes up room for a short time, and cost is low, and it is low to insert loss, and can be integrated in the difunctional wavelength division multiplexing photoelectricity of the multichannel on a device integration module with the demultiplexing dual-use function with multiplexing.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides the difunctional wavelength division multiplexing photoelectricity of a kind of multichannel integration module, it includes a flashlight input, a flashlight output, the light emitting devices of at least two light that are used to transmit, and the same number of optical pickup apparatus of detection signal light and the interconnective free space optical elements of the non-fiber system that is used for both direction transmission signals light between flashlight input and flashlight output and light emitting devices and optical pickup apparatus of being used for of light emitting devices, light emitting devices and optical pickup apparatus and the free space optical elements system integration are together.
The interconnective free space optical elements of non-fiber in the utility model system includes single wavelength channel that one group of multi-wavelength passage and at least two groups are set up in parallel, and the group number of this list wavelength channel is identical with the light emitting devices number; The multi-wavelength passage includes the convex lens that are used for the multi-wavelength transmission, first group of single wavelength channel includes filter plate in regular turn, is used for the convex lens and the speculum of single wavelength transmission, wherein the filter plate of first group of single wavelength channel is between the convex lens and this convex lens of organizing single wavelength channel of multi-wavelength passage, the minute surface of the speculum of wherein said first group of single wavelength channel is used for the flashlight of light reflecting device is coupled into the convex lens of described first group of single wavelength channel horizontal by 45 °; All the other respectively organize the speculum that single wavelength channel includes concave mirror, filter plate in regular turn, is used for the convex lens of single wavelength transmission and is used for single wavelength transmission, wherein said concave mirror is positioned at the end near the multi-wavelength passage, the minute surface of speculum of wherein respectively organizing single wavelength channel is horizontal by 45 °, and the flashlight of light emitting devices is coupled into the pairing convex lens of respectively organizing single wavelength channel by speculum; Directly enter pairing optical pickup apparatus by each flashlight of organizing the convex lens outgoing of single wavelength channel.
The filter plate of first group of single wavelength channel is positioned on the rear focus of convex lens of multi-wavelength passage, and the filter plate of every group of single wavelength channel is positioned on the rear focus of convex lens of the single wavelength channel of each self-corresponding this group.
The pairing light emitting devices of the single wavelength channel of the odd number group light that transmits enters the speculum that this organizes single wavelength channel, flashlight enters this top of organizing the convex lens of single wavelength channel after mirror reflects, the flashlight of the below outgoing of the convex lens of the single wavelength channel of odd number group directly enters this and organizes the pairing optical pickup apparatus of single wavelength channel; The pairing light emitting devices of the single wavelength channel of the even number set light that transmits enters this and organizes the pairing speculum of single wavelength channel, flashlight enters this below of organizing the convex lens of single wavelength channel after mirror reflects, the flashlight of the top outgoing of the convex lens of the single wavelength channel of even number set directly enters this and organizes the pairing optical pickup apparatus of single wavelength channel.
The utility model light emitting devices is laser, semiconductor laser diode and semiconductor light-emitting-diode, and described optical pickup apparatus is a photodiode.
The difunctional wavelength division multiplexing photoelectricity of the utility model multichannel integration module, it has multiplexing and the demultiplexing dual-use function, do not use collimater and optical fiber head, wherein the complete non-fiber of free space optical elements system interconnects, therefore littler, the compact conformation of its volume, cost are low, to insert loss low, can be applied to more conditions.
Embodiment
For ease of structure of the present utility model and the effect that reaches are had further understanding, the preferred embodiment that develops simultaneously of existing conjunction with figs. is described in detail as follows.
As shown in Figure 4, the difunctional wavelength division multiplexing photoelectricity of the utility model multichannel integration module, it includes light emitting devices 3, and the light emitting devices 3 the same number of optical pickup apparatus 4 of detection signal light and free space optical elements systems 10 that are used for both direction transmission signals light between flashlight input 1 and flashlight output 2 and light emitting devices 3 and optical pickup apparatus 4 of being used for of a flashlight input 1, flashlight output 2, at least two light that are used to transmit.As Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5, this free space optical elements system 10 includes one group of multi-wavelength passage and reaches single wavelength channel that at least two groups are set up in parallel, and the group number of this list wavelength channel is identical with described light emitting devices number; The multi-wavelength passage includes the convex lens 5 that are used for the multi-wavelength transmission, first group of single wavelength channel includes filter plate 7 in regular turn, is used for the convex lens 6 and the speculum 9 of single wavelength transmission, wherein the filter plate 7 of first group of single wavelength channel is between the convex lens 5 and this convex lens of organizing single wavelength channel 6 of multi-wavelength passage, wherein the minute surface of the speculum 9 of first group of single wavelength channel is used for the flashlight of pairing light emitting devices is coupled into the convex lens 6 of first group of single wavelength channel horizontal by 45 °; All the other respectively organize single wavelength channel include concave mirror 8 (8 '), filter plate 7 ' in regular turn, be used for single wavelength transmission convex lens 6 ', be used for the speculum 9 ' of single wavelength transmission, wherein concave mirror 8 (8 ') is positioned at the end near the multi-wavelength passage, wherein the minute surface of the speculum of all single wavelength channels is horizontal by 45 °, and the flashlight of light emitting devices 3 emissions is coupled into the pairing convex lens of respectively organizing single wavelength channel by speculum; Directly enter pairing optical pickup apparatus 4 by each flashlight of organizing the convex lens outgoing of single wavelength channel, so non-fiber connects between each parts in the free space optical elements system 10.
As shown in Figure 4, flashlight input 1 incident wavelength by the photoelectricity integration module is respectively λ
1, λ
2And λ
3Flashlight, enter the convex lens 5 of multi-wavelength passage, focus on through the convex lens 5 of multi-wavelength passage, flashlight incides on the filter plate 7 of first group of single wavelength channel, wavelength is λ
1Flashlight see through filter plate 7, receive and reach pairing optical pickup apparatus 4 through the convex lens 6 of first group of single wavelength channel; And wavelength is λ
2And λ
3Flashlight then after filter plate 7 reflections of first group of single wavelength channel, be radiated on the concave mirror 8 of second group of single wavelength channel, again through concave mirror 8 reflections, be incident to the filter plate 7 ' of second group of single wavelength channel, wavelength is λ
2Flashlight see through filter plate 7 ', receive and reach pairing optical pickup apparatus 4 through the convex lens 6 ' of second group of single wavelength channel; Wavelength is λ
3Flashlight then after the filter plate 7 ' reflection of second group of single wavelength channel, be incident on the concave mirror 8 ' of the 3rd group of single wavelength channel, after concave mirror 8 ' reflection, enter the filter plate 7 ' of the 3rd group of single wavelength channel, wavelength is λ
3Flashlight see through the filter plate 7 ' of the 3rd group of single wavelength channel, receive and reach pairing optical pickup apparatus 4 through the convex lens 6 ' of the 3rd group of single wavelength channel, thereby finish the demultiplexing function.Three groups of pairing light emitting devices 3 of single wavelength channel emission wavelength respectively are λ '
1, λ '
2And λ '
3Flashlight, wavelength is λ '
1Flashlight enter the convex lens 6 of first group of single wavelength channel via speculum 9 reflections of first group of single wavelength channel, see through the convex lens 5 that the filter plate 7 of first group of single wavelength channel arrives the multi-wavelength passages again and deliver to 2 outputs of flashlight output; Wavelength is λ '
2The flashlight convex lens 6 ' and the transmission that enter second group of single wavelength channel via the speculum 9 ' reflection of second group of single wavelength channel, λ '
2The filter plate 7 ' that sees through second group of single wavelength channel enters concave mirror 8, reflex to via concave mirror 8 on the high reverse side of filter plate 7 of first group of single wavelength channel, be reflected into the convex lens 5 of multi-wavelength passage again, last outgoing is to the flashlight output 2 of photoelectricity integration module; Wavelength is λ '
3Flashlight enter the convex lens 6 ' of the 3rd group of single wavelength channel via the speculum 9 ' reflection of the 3rd group of single wavelength channel, the filter plate 7 ' that sees through the 3rd group of single wavelength channel enters the concave mirror 8 ' of the 3rd group of single wavelength channel, reflex to via concave mirror 8 ' on the high reverse side of filter plate 7 ' of second group of single wavelength channel, be reflected into again second group of single wavelength channel concave mirror 8, reflex to via concave mirror 8 on the high reverse side of filter plate 7 of first group of single wavelength channel, be reflected into the convex lens 5 of multi-wavelength passage again, last outgoing is to the flashlight output 2 of photoelectricity integration module, thereby finishes multiplexing function.
Again as shown in Figure 5, organize single wavelength channel if having N in the utility model, the flashlight of multiplex/demultiplex N wavelength, then arrange N filter plate, (N-1) individual concavees lens, (N+1) individual convex lens, a N speculum from top to bottom, N 〉=2 wherein, therefore every group of pairing optical pickup apparatus 4 of single wavelength channel is N with light emitting devices 3.Flashlight input 1 incident wavelength by the photoelectricity integration module is respectively λ
1, λ
2... λ
NFlashlight, enter the convex lens 5 of multi-wavelength passage, focus on through the convex lens 5 of multi-wavelength passage, flashlight incides on the filter plate 7 of first group of single wavelength channel, wavelength is λ
1Flashlight see through filter plate 7, receive and reach pairing optical pickup apparatus 4 through the convex lens 6 of first group of single wavelength channel; And wavelength is λ
2... λ
NFlashlight then after filter plate 7 reflections of first group of single wavelength channel, be radiated on the concave mirror 8 of second group of single wavelength channel, again through concave mirror 8 reflections, be incident to the filter plate 7 ' of second group of single wavelength channel, wavelength is λ
2Flashlight see through filter plate 7 ', receive and reach pairing optical pickup apparatus 4 through the convex lens 6 ' of second group of single wavelength channel, the rest may be inferred, wavelength is λ
NFlashlight then after N-1 organizes the filter plate 7 ' reflection of single wavelength channel, be incident to N and organize on the concave mirror 8 ' of single wavelength channel, after concave mirror 8 ' reflection, enter the filter plate 7 ' that N organizes single wavelength channel, wavelength is λ
NFlashlight see through the filter plate 7 ' that N organizes single wavelength channel, the convex lens 6 ' of organizing single wavelength channel through N receive and reach pairing optical pickup apparatus 4, thereby finish the demultiplexing function.N organize the pairing light emitting devices 3 of single wavelength channel respectively emission wavelength be λ '
1, λ '
2... λ '
NFlashlight, wavelength is λ '
1Flashlight enter the convex lens 6 of first group of single wavelength channel via speculum 9 reflections of first group of single wavelength channel, see through the convex lens 5 that the filter plate 7 of first group of single wavelength channel arrives the multi-wavelength passages again and deliver to 2 outputs of flashlight output; Wavelength is λ '
2The flashlight convex lens 6 ' and the transmission that enter second group of single wavelength channel via the speculum 9 ' reflection of second group of single wavelength channel, λ '
2The filter plate 7 ' that sees through second group of single wavelength channel enters concave mirror 8, reflex to via concave mirror 8 on the high reverse side of filter plate 7 of first group of single wavelength channel, be reflected into the convex lens 5 of multi-wavelength passage again, last outgoing is to the flashlight output 2 of photoelectricity integration module; Wavelength is λ '
NFlashlight enter the convex lens 6 ' that N organizes single wavelength channel via the speculum 9 ' reflection that N organizes single wavelength channel, the filter plate 7 ' of organizing single wavelength channel through N enters the concave mirror 8 ' that N organizes single wavelength channel, reflexing to N-1 via concave mirror 8 ' organizes on the high reverse side of filter plate 7 ' of single wavelength channel, be reflected into again N-1 organize single wavelength channel concave mirror 8 ', the rest may be inferred, and wavelength is λ '
NFlashlight reflex to via the concave mirror 8 of second group of single wavelength channel on the high reverse side of filter plate 7 of first group of single wavelength channel, be reflected into the convex lens 5 of multi-wavelength passage again, last outgoing is to the flashlight output 2 of photoelectricity integration module, thereby finishes multiplexing function.
The shared filter plate of input and output two-beam line of the present utility model.Light emitting devices 3 in the utility model can be laser, semiconductor light-emitting-diode or semiconductor laser diode, and optical pickup apparatus 4 can be photodiode.
The distance of the filter plate 7 of 5 to first groups of single wavelength channels of convex lens of multi-wavelength passage equals the distance of its rear focus to end face in the utility model, promptly the filter plate 7 of first group of single wavelength channel is positioned on the rear focus of convex lens 5 of multi-wavelength passage, and the filter plate 7 of every group of single wavelength channel is positioned on the rear focus of convex lens 6 of the single wavelength channel of each self-corresponding this group.
Fig. 6 is the schematic perspective view of the difunctional wavelength division multiplexing photoelectricity of the utility model multichannel integration module, wherein optical pickup apparatus 4 and light emitting devices 3 integrate with free space optical elements system 10, and whole photoelectricity integration module is plugged on the base plate, and tool is for the electrode 40,30 of optical pickup apparatus 4 and light emitting devices 3 grafting on this base plate.
Concave mirror in the difunctional wavelength division multiplexing photoelectricity of the multichannel of the present utility model integration module has the effect of focused beam.When angular aperture is very little, optical fiber is near optical axis in the very little zone, this zone is called the paraxial region, optics in the paraxial region becomes paraxial rays, and we can obtain the image position relation of concave mirror, as shown in Figure 8, A, B are respectively the two ends of thing, A ', B ' are the two ends of picture, and C is the focus of concave mirror, and the position relation of concave mirror can be expressed from the next:
L ' and l are respectively picture point and the object point distance apart from sphere summit O in the formula, and R is the radius of curvature of concave mirror.As certain angle theta
1Two-beam line incident concave mirror the time, as shown in Figure 9, can think that four factors have determined the angle theta of the two-beam line after concave mirror reflection
2:
1) the angle α of the reference axis of the central axis of two incident raies that send by the A point and concave mirror;
2) angle theta of two incident raies
1
3) radius R of concave mirror;
4) two light intersection point A are to the distance L of sphere summit O
1
Work as angle theta
1In the time of very little, can draw
If will make the specification unanimity of all convex lens, can make θ
1=θ
2, as shown in Figure 9, only need to select suitable concave mirror radius R, two light intersection point A distance L to concave mirror sphere summit O
1Just can realize.
Speculum in the utility model, convex lens, filter plate and concave mirror are the commercially available prod, do not do detailed description at this.
The interconnective photoelectricity integration module of the difunctional wavelength division multiplexing non-fiber of the utility model multichannel, its cost is low, compact conformation, little, the used device of volume are few, it is low to insert loss, photoelectricity is integrated, has both multiplexing simultaneously and the demultiplexing dual-use function, can be applied to more conditions.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present utility model only, is not to be used to limit protection range of the present utility model.