CN202208698U - Straw carbonization furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a straw carbonization furnace has solved the problem that moisture and low chain combustible component in the crops of current carbomorphism equipment do not discharge and utilize. This device includes the carbomorphism room, provides the combustor of heat for the carbomorphism room, its characterized in that: the carbonization chamber is internally provided with a carbonization auger which is provided with a feeding hole and a discharging hole, and the wall of the auger of the carbonization auger is provided with a plurality of gas guide pipes which guide the combustible gas out of the carbonization chamber. The utility model guides out the combustible gas for combustion when the straws are carbonized, generates heat to heat the carbonization chamber to form circulation, improves the energy utilization rate and reduces the energy consumption; the hot air tail gas of the carbonization furnace is used as material conveying airflow to preheat materials, so that energy consumption is saved, and energy loss is reduced; the multi-section carbonization auger is adopted, so that the carbonization yield in unit time is improved, the space of the carbonization chamber needing to be kept in a high-temperature environment is fully utilized, and the energy consumption of unit yield is reduced.

Description

Straw carbonization furnace

technical field

The utility model relates to a carbonization equipment, in particular to a straw carbonization furnace capable of improving energy utilization efficiency.

technical background

Crop straw is an excellent biomass energy, and has a large output every year. In the past, due to the lack of utilization of crop straw, it was usually stacked in the field and burned directly, which is not only wasteful, but also pollutes the environment. With the research and development of biomass energy, crop straw, as an excellent biomass energy, can be carbonized at high temperature to achieve multiple purposes. The current straw carbonization equipment generally carbonizes the straw in a high-temperature environment. It adopts a closed stove type. After one feeding, it needs to close the carbonization chamber for carbonization. In the process of re-feeding, the heat loss is large and the economy is poor. In addition, because the straw is in a relatively closed environment during the carbonization process, the flammable gas generated by the decomposition of the straw cannot be used, resulting in great waste.

Patent No. CN201495199U announced by the Chinese Patent Office on June 2, 2010 is called rice husk carbonization complete set of equipment. Feeding hopper, feeding auger, discharging auger, burner, outer frame, burner connecting pipe, bellows, feeding auger, burner slag removing auger, burner high-pressure fan, motor, feeding auger deceleration box composition. The magnetic speed regulating motor is connected with the reduction box of the feed auger, the feed auger is equipped with a burner hopper, the burner slag removal auger is connected with the burner, the burner is connected with the furnace body, and the carbonization barrel auger Installed in the furnace body, the discharge auger is connected with the auger of the carbonization barrel. In the device, the rice husk is carbonized in a high-temperature furnace through the feeding auger, carbonization auger, and discharge auger in turn, realizing the continuity of the production process. The inert gas is not exported and used, causing waste and environmental pollution. If these components are not discharged, they will block the auger, so that the feeding cannot be carried out smoothly, and at the same time, it will affect the product quality.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problem that the moisture and low-chain combustible components in the crops in the existing carbonization equipment are not discharged for utilization, and to provide a straw carbonization furnace that efficiently utilizes the energy of the carbonization process.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: a straw carbonization furnace, including a carbonization chamber and a burner for providing heat for the carbonization chamber. There is a feed port and a discharge port. The auger wall of the carbonization auger is provided with a number of air guide pipes leading the combustible gas to the outside of the carbonization chamber. The burner provides heat to form a high-temperature environment in the carbonization chamber. The crushed straw is added to the carbonization auger from the feed port, and the carbonization auger transports the straw to the discharge port. During the transportation, the straw in the carbonization auger is at a high temperature, In an oxygen-deficient environment, the straw is carbonized during the transportation process, and the combustible gas decomposed during the carbonization process is transported to the outside of the carbonization chamber through the air duct for utilization. The carbonized auger is provided with a connection point of the air guide pipe every other section, so that the flammable gas can be exported as much as possible, and avoid the blockage caused by the lack of air guide in the long conveying section.

Preferably, the outer end of the air guide pipe is connected to the burner, and a valve is provided on the air guide pipe at the connection. The combustible gas derived from the air duct can be directly transported to the burner for combustion to provide heat for the carbonization chamber, because the gas itself derived from the air duct has relatively high heat, so that the combustion of the combustible gas from heating-carbonization-carbonization decomposition can be completed. Heating forms a cycle, reduces fuel consumption, reduces costs, and reduces pollution.

Preferably, the outer end of the air guide tube is connected to a condensate collector, and a valve is provided at the end of the air guide tube connected to the condensate collector. When the carbonization furnace reaches the required carbonization temperature, the heat released during the carbonization process is sufficient to maintain the continuous progress of carbonization, and the condensable components in the exported gas are condensed and collected by the condensation liquid collector to form liquid tar, and the non-condensable components pass through The burner enters the next cycle. The collected liquid tar can be burned or further refined.

As a preference, the straw carbonization furnace is provided with a feeding pipe that adopts air flow to convey materials, the outlet of the feeding pipe is located above the inlet of the carbonization auger, the inlet side of the feeding pipe is provided with a feeding fan, and the carbonization chamber has an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet of the carbonization chamber is connected with the air outlet of the burner, and the air outlet of the carbonization chamber is connected with the air inlet of the feeding fan. The combustion-supporting air passes through the burner and forms hot air. If it is discharged directly after heating the carbonization chamber, the heat in the hot air will be lost. Blown out from the carbonization chamber and used as the feeding airflow of the feeding pipe, the straw can be preheated during the conveying process to achieve higher energy utilization efficiency.

Preferably, the feeding pipe is provided with a straw grinder at the inlet. During the carbonization process of the straw carbonization furnace, the straw does not need to be pre-processed in the early stage, and can be directly added from the feeding pipe, and then crushed, fed and dehydrated, and carbonized to form a product.

As a preference, the carbonized auger is divided into several auger segments, each auger segment is set up and down, the tail end of the previous auger segment and the head end of the rear auger segment are aligned up and down, and are connected through the connecting pipe Connected, the feed port of the carbonized auger is set at the head end of the first auger segment, and the discharge port is set at the tail end of the last auger segment. The carbonization auger passes through one auger section to transport the tail end, and then enters the head end of the other auger section from the connecting pipe to change direction, so as to increase the conveying distance of the straw in the carbonization chamber, increase the carbonization time of the material at the same conveying speed, and increase the The carbonization output per unit time is guaranteed, and the space of the carbonization chamber can be fully and rationally used to make the arrangement of the carbonization chamber more compact, reduce the internal space of the carbonization chamber and reduce energy consumption under the same carbonization output.

As a preference, the pitch of the spiral conveying pieces between the auger segments is gradually reduced. Due to the decomposition of straw and the evaporation of water during the carbonization process, the volume will shrink, and the gradual reduction of the distance between the spiral conveying pieces can make the conveying more compact. It is beneficial to gas export and carbonization of straw.

As a preference, the root of the screw conveying sheet of the carbonization auger can be provided with vent holes connecting both sides of the spiral conveying sheet to meet the needs of combustible gas derivation; further preferably, the spiral conveying sheet near the feed port adopts a non-ventilating hole. The complete spiral conveying sheet reduces the overflow of flammable gas from the feed port.

Preferably, the pitch of the helical conveying slices of the same auger segment decreases gradually along the conveying direction. As the straw decomposes and water evaporates during the conveying process, the volume shrinks. The variable-pitch screw conveyor can make the conveying more compact, which is conducive to the export of gas, carbonization of the straw, and an increase in the carbonization rate.

As another preferred solution, the rotational speed of the preceding auger segment is greater than the rotational speed of the latter auger segment. Through the control of the speed, the conveying is more compact.

Preferably, the conveying directions of adjacent auger segments are opposite, and a serpentine carbonized auger conveying pipeline is formed in the carbonization furnace.

Preferably, multiple groups of the carbonization auger are arranged in the carbonization chamber.

As preferably, the feed port of the carbonization auger is provided with a feed funnel, and the bottom end of the feed funnel is provided with a feed valve. The feed rate is controlled by a valve.

The utility model leads the combustible gas out for combustion during the carbonization of the straw, generates heat to heat the carbonization chamber to form a cycle, improves the energy utilization rate, and reduces energy consumption; the hot air tail gas of the carbonization furnace is used as the material conveying air flow to preheat the material, saving energy consumption, reducing energy loss; the use of multi-segment carbonization auger increases the carbonization output per unit time, fully utilizes the carbonization chamber space that needs to maintain a high temperature environment, and reduces energy consumption per unit output.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the carbonization chamber of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the section A-A in Fig. 2 .

In the figure: 1. Feeding hopper, 2. Straw pulverizer, 3. Feeding fan, 4. Feeding pipe, 5. Hot air pipe, 6. Feeding funnel, 7. Carbonizing auger, 8. Auger motor, 9. Carbonization chamber, 10. Burner, 11. Air duct, 12. Condensation liquid collector, 13. Observation window, 14. Upper auger segment, 15. Lower auger segment, 16. Connecting pipe, 17. Discharge 18. The air outlet of the carbonization chamber, 19. The burner socket.

Detailed ways

Below through specific embodiment and in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.

Embodiment: a straw carbonization furnace, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 . The device includes a carbonization chamber 9, a burner 10 is provided on the right side of the carbonization chamber 9, and a carbonization auger 7 is arranged in the carbonization chamber 9, and the carbonization auger 7 includes an upper auger section 14 arranged up and down and connected in series. and the lower auger segment 15, the head end of the upper auger segment 14 and the lower auger segment 15 tail end extend out of the carbonization chamber and connect to the auger motor 8, and the upper auger segment 14 head end is provided with an upward opening The feed port and the tail end of the lower auger segment 15 are provided with a discharge port 17 opening downward, and a feed funnel 6 is provided at the feed port. The straw to be carbonized is fed through the feeding pipe 4 which is transported by air flow. A feeding fan 3 is also provided at the place to generate an air flow for feeding, and the outlet of the feeding pipe 4 is arranged above the feeding funnel 6 and is aligned with the feeding funnel 6 . The air outlet end of the burner 10 is plugged into the carbonization chamber 9, so that the hot air generated by the combustion-supporting air of the burner 10 is blown into the carbonization chamber 9, so that the carbonization chamber 9 forms a high-temperature environment. The tuyere 18, the air outlet 18 of the carbonization chamber and the air inlet of the feeding fan 3 are connected through the hot air pipe 5, and the hot air discharged from the air outlet 18 of the carbonization chamber enters the feeding pipe through the hot air pipe 5 and the feeding fan 3 as the feeding air flow, and uses the hot air The residual heat preheats the straw. The auger wall of the carbonization auger 7 is provided with an air guide pipe 11 interface at intervals, the air guide pipe 11 stretches out of the carbonization chamber 9 and is connected to the burner 10, and the air guide pipe 11 also has a connection to the condensation liquid collector 12 Fork, and valves are respectively provided at the place where the air guide pipe 11 is connected to the burner 10 and the place where the air guide pipe is connected to the condensate collector 12, so as to choose to send the exported combustible gas into the burner for combustion or into the condensate collector for storage.

The structure in the carbonization chamber 9 is shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3. The carbonization auger 7 in the carbonization chamber 9 includes an upper auger segment 14 and a lower auger segment 15 arranged in parallel up and down, and the upper auger segment 14 and The conveying direction of the lower auger segment 15 is opposite, and the tail end of the upper auger segment 14 and the head end of the lower auger segment 15 are connected through a connecting pipe 16, and the tail end of the upper auger segment 14 exceeds a section of the connecting pipe. The reverse spiral conveying piece avoids material accumulation; similarly, a reverse spiral conveying piece is set at the end of the lower auger section 15 beyond the discharge port, and the distance between the spiral conveying pieces of the upper auger section 14 is larger than that of the lower auger Segment 15 auger pitch. As shown in FIG. 3 , two sets of carbonization augers 7 are arranged side by side in the carbonization chamber 9 , and a burner socket 19 connected to the burner 10 is provided at the center of the right side wall of the carbonization chamber 9 . The material in the carbonization auger 7 is first transported from left to right in the upper auger segment 14, and then enters the lower auger segment 15 through the connecting pipe 16 and is transported from right to left. The transport distance is large, and the material can be transported in the carbonization chamber 9 Long carbonization time is maintained, and the carbonization output per unit time is large. The inlet and outlet of the carbonization auger 7 are located on the left side of the carbonization chamber 9, and are located on different sides from the burner 10, which avoids the influence of the burner on the inlet and outlet. Valves to control the amount of feed and output.

The straw carbonization process of this device is as follows: the burner is ignited, and the combustion-supporting air of the burner is blown into the carbonization chamber to form hot air, so that the carbonization chamber quickly forms a high-temperature environment, the straw is fed from the hopper, the straw is crushed by the straw crusher, and passed The feeding pipe enters the carbonization auger, and the hot air blown from the carbonization chamber passes through the feeding fan as the feeding airflow of the feeding pipe to transport the straw and preheat the straw. The straw is carbonized in a high-temperature, oxygen-free environment during the conveying process of the carbonization auger. The combustible gas and water vapor decomposed during the carbonization process are exported to the carbonization chamber through the air duct, and then sent to the burner for combustion or transported to the condensate collector. store. During the carbonization process, the combustible gas produced circulates to the burner for combustion without direct discharge, and skips the cooling and storage process. The temperature itself is high, so the energy utilization rate is high, forming a fuel cycle and saving fuel; the hot air generated by the burner After heating the carbonization chamber, it is not discharged directly, but is used as feed air to preheat the straw to form a hot air circulation. The device has high energy utilization rate and low energy consumption during the carbonization process.

Claims (10)

1. A stalk carbonization furnace, comprising a carbonization chamber, a burner providing heat for the carbonization chamber, characterized in that: the carbonization auger is provided with a carbonization auger in the carbonization chamber, and the carbonization auger has a feed port and a discharge port, The auger wall of the carbonization auger is provided with several air ducts leading the combustible gas to the outside of the carbonization chamber. 2. The straw carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer end of the air guide pipe is connected to the burner, and a valve is provided on the air guide pipe at the connection. 3. The straw carbonization furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the outer end of the air guide pipe is connected with a condensation liquid collector, and a valve is provided at the end of the air guide pipe connected with the condensation liquid collector. 4. The straw carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the straw carbonization furnace is provided with a feeding pipe that uses airflow to convey materials, the outlet of the feeding pipe is located above the inlet of the carbonization auger, and the inlet side of the conveying pipe is provided with A feeding fan, the carbonization chamber has an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet of the carbonization chamber communicates with the burner outlet, and the carbonization chamber air outlet communicates with the air inlet of the feeding fan. 5. The straw carbonization furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: the inlet of the feeding pipe is provided with a straw grinder. 6. The straw carbonization furnace according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5, characterized in that: the carbonization auger is divided into several auger segments, each auger segment is set up and down, and the previous auger segment The tail end of the carbonized auger segment is aligned up and down with the head end of the latter auger segment and connected through a connecting pipe. The tail end of the dragon segment. 7. The straw carbonization furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: the conveying directions of adjacent auger segments are opposite, and a serpentine carbonization auger conveying pipeline is formed in the carbonization furnace. 8. The straw carbonization furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: the distance between the spiral conveying pieces between each auger segment decreases gradually. 9. The straw carbonization furnace according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5, characterized in that: the root of the spiral conveying piece of the carbonization auger can be provided with air holes connecting both sides of the spiral conveying piece. 10. The straw carbonization furnace according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5, characterized in that: multiple groups of the carbonization auger are arranged in the carbonization chamber.

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