CN214378838U - Planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna - Google Patents
Planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN214378838U CN214378838U CN202120430413.9U CN202120430413U CN214378838U CN 214378838 U CN214378838 U CN 214378838U CN 202120430413 U CN202120430413 U CN 202120430413U CN 214378838 U CN214378838 U CN 214378838U
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种平面偶极子二元寄生阵列天线，通过在平面偶极子天线两侧增加寄生金属单元，并适当的调整金属单元的长度和位置，便能够较大的增加天线增益，解决了天线尺寸较大和天线结构复杂的问题。此外，所述平面偶极子二元寄生阵列仅有一个馈电端口，通过调整寄生条带金属单元的长度和位置可以改善天线的阻抗匹配程度，提高天线的增益，结构简单，易于加工，可利用PCB工艺生产，成本低，精度高，适合大批量生产，解决了现有技术中的偶极子阵列天线馈电网络设计结构复杂的技术问题。
The utility model discloses a plane dipole binary parasitic array antenna. By adding parasitic metal elements on both sides of the plane dipole antenna and adjusting the length and position of the metal elements appropriately, the antenna gain can be greatly increased , which solves the problems of large antenna size and complex antenna structure. In addition, the planar dipole binary parasitic array has only one feeding port. By adjusting the length and position of the parasitic strip metal element, the impedance matching degree of the antenna can be improved, and the gain of the antenna can be improved. The structure is simple, easy to process, and can be It is produced by PCB process, has low cost and high precision, is suitable for mass production, and solves the technical problem of complex design structure of the dipole array antenna feeding network in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, especially, relate to a plane dipole binary parasitic array antenna.
Background
Dipole antennas are the most widely used antenna types so far, and can be applied in the fields of wireless communication, radar and space detection, and can be designed to work in multiple frequency bands. The antenna has simple structure, easy processing and manufacture and convenient feed. The most common type of dipole antenna is the half-wave dipole antenna, also known as a half-wave dipole antenna, which is the most basic line antenna. The microstrip type dipole antenna is a metal strip with a certain shape etched on one surface of a thin dielectric plate by using a photoetching method and the like, and the microstrip line is used for feeding in a direct or indirect coupling mode. Also, there are dipole array antennas, and such antennas typically require separate feeding of each array element to achieve the desired array characteristics.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a plane dipole binary parasitic array antenna aims at solving the technical problem that dipole array antenna feed network design structure is complicated among the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna, including an antenna body and a microstrip feed balun structure, where the microstrip feed balun structure is fixedly connected to the antenna body and located below the antenna body;
the microstrip feed balun structure comprises a trapezoidal dielectric slab, a gradient microstrip line metal layer, a gradient floor metal layer and a coaxial feed input end, wherein the gradient microstrip line metal layer is fixedly connected with the trapezoidal dielectric slab and is positioned on the side of the trapezoidal dielectric slab, the gradient floor metal layer is fixedly connected with the trapezoidal dielectric slab and is positioned on one side of the trapezoidal dielectric slab, which is far away from the gradient microstrip line metal layer, and the coaxial feed input end is fixedly connected with the gradient microstrip line metal layer and is positioned on the same side of the trapezoidal dielectric slab.
The antenna body comprises a dielectric substrate, dipole metal units and two groups of parasitic strip metal units, wherein the dipole metal units and the two groups of parasitic strip metal units are fixedly connected with the dielectric substrate and are located on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, the two groups of parasitic strip metal units are symmetrically arranged, the dipole metal units are located between the two groups of parasitic strip metal units, and the distances between the dipole metal units and the parasitic strip metal units are equal.
The dipole metal unit is divided into two units with the same length by the through hole gap, and the hole length of the upper surface of the through hole gap is smaller than that of the lower surface of the through hole gap.
One end of the trapezoid dielectric slab is embedded in the through hole gap, and the gradient microstrip line metal layer and the gradient floor metal layer are respectively in contact connection with the dipole metal unit.
The coaxial feed input end is composed of a coaxial probe and a coaxial shell, the coaxial shell is sleeved on the coaxial probe, and the coaxial probe is fixedly connected with the metal layer of the gradient microstrip line.
The radius of the coaxial probe at the coaxial feed input end is 0.5mm, the radius of the medium is 1.695mm, and the dielectric constant is 2.1.
And the dielectric constants of the dielectric substrate and the trapezoidal dielectric plate are both 4.4.
The utility model discloses a parasitic array antenna of plane dipole binary, through increase parasitic metal element in plane dipole antenna both sides to the length and the position of appropriate adjustment metal element, just can great increase antenna gain, solved the great and complicated problem of antenna structure of antenna size. In addition, the planar dipole binary parasitic array only has one feed port, the impedance matching degree of the antenna can be improved by adjusting the length and the position of the parasitic strip metal unit, the gain of the antenna is improved, the structure is simple, the processing is easy, the PCB process can be used for production, the cost is low, the precision is high, the planar dipole binary parasitic array is suitable for mass production, and the technical problem that the design structure of a dipole array antenna feed network in the prior art is complex is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a top view of an embodiment of the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a bottom view of an embodiment of the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of an embodiment of the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a rear view of an embodiment of the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a left side view of an embodiment of the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a graph comparing the return loss of the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna and the planar dipole antenna with the frequency variation curve according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 shows the current distribution between the dipole metal unit and the parasitic strip metal unit at the 5.65GHz position of the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a directional diagram contrast diagram of the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna and the planar dipole antenna at 5.65GHz phi ═ 0 degrees;
fig. 9 is a diagram comparing patterns of 90 degrees phi at 5.65GHz for the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna and the planar dipole antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a graph of the gain of a planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention as a function of the length of the parasitic strip metal element while the position of the parasitic strip metal element remains unchanged;
fig. 11 is a graph of the gain of the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, as a function of the position of the parasitic strip metal element, while the length of the parasitic strip metal element remains unchanged.
The antenna comprises an antenna body 1, a dielectric substrate 11, a dipole metal unit 12, a parasitic strip metal unit 13, a microstrip feed balun structure 2, a trapezoidal dielectric plate 21, a gradient microstrip line metal layer 22, a gradient floor metal layer 23, a coaxial feed input end 24, a through hole gap 3, a coaxial probe 40 and a coaxial shell 41.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides an embodiment of a planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna, including an antenna body 1 and a microstrip feed balun structure 2, where the microstrip feed balun structure 2 is fixedly connected to the antenna body 1 and located below the antenna body 1;
the microstrip feed balun structure 2 comprises a trapezoidal dielectric slab 21, a gradient microstrip line metal layer 22, a gradient floor metal layer 23 and a coaxial feed input end 24, wherein the gradient microstrip line metal layer 22 is fixedly connected with the trapezoidal dielectric slab 21 and is positioned on the side of the trapezoidal dielectric slab 21, the gradient floor metal layer 23 is fixedly connected with the trapezoidal dielectric slab 21 and is positioned on one side of the trapezoidal dielectric slab 21, which is far away from the gradient microstrip line metal layer 22, and the coaxial feed input end 24 is fixedly connected with the gradient microstrip line metal layer 22 and is positioned on the same side of the trapezoidal dielectric slab 21.
The antenna body 1 comprises a dielectric substrate 11, dipole metal units 12 and two groups of parasitic strip metal units 13, wherein the dipole metal units 12 and the two groups of parasitic strip metal units 13 are fixedly connected with the dielectric substrate 11 and are located on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 11, the two groups of parasitic strip metal units 13 are symmetrically arranged, the dipole metal units 12 are located between the two groups of parasitic strip metal units 13, and the distances between the dipole metal units 12 and the parasitic strip metal units 13 are equal.
The dipole metal unit 12 is divided into two units with the same length by the through hole gaps 3 which are formed in the medium substrate 11, and the hole length of the upper surface of each through hole gap 3 is smaller than that of the lower surface of each through hole gap 3.
One end of the trapezoid dielectric plate 21 is embedded in the through hole gap 3, and the gradient microstrip line metal layer 22 and the gradient floor metal layer 23 are respectively in contact connection with the dipole metal unit 12.
The coaxial feed input end 24 is composed of a coaxial probe 40 and a coaxial housing 41, the coaxial housing 41 is sleeved on the coaxial probe 40, and the coaxial probe 40 is fixedly connected with the gradient microstrip line metal layer 22.
The coaxial probe 40 of the coaxial feed input end 24 has a radius of 0.5mm, a dielectric radius of 1.695mm, and a dielectric constant of 2.1.
The dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 11 and the dielectric plate 21 is 4.4.
In the present embodiment, the dielectric substrate 11 has a length L of 70mm, a width W of 150mm, a thickness h of 1mm, and a dielectric constant of 4.4. The parasitic strip metal elements 13 are located on both sides of the dipole metal element 12 at a distance d1 of 65mm (approximately 0.8 wavelength), the parasitic strip metal elements 13 have a width w2 of 2mm and a length L2 of 42mm (approximately 0.5 wavelength), the dipole metal element 12 has a width w1 of 2mm and a length L1 of 20mm (0.25 wavelength). The length WT1 of the upper bottom edge of the trapezoid dielectric slab 21 is 8mm, the length WT2 of the lower bottom edge is 17mm, the length LT is 30mm (0.375 wavelength), the thickness h2 is 1mm, and the dielectric constant is 4.4. The gradient microstrip line metal layer 22 is located on one side of the trapezoidal dielectric slab 21, the upper bottom width WW1 is 2mm, the lower bottom width WW2 is 2.483mm, the gradient floor metal layer 23 is located on the other side of the trapezoidal dielectric slab 21, the upper bottom width WG1 is 2mm, the lower bottom width WG2 is 11mm, the coaxial feed input end 24 is connected with the gradient microstrip line metal layer 22, the width WS of the through hole gap 3 of the dielectric substrate 11 is 1mm, the length LS1 of the upper surface gap is 8mm, the length LS2 of the lower surface gap is 8.3mm, the radius of the coaxial probe 40 is 0.5mm, the radius of the dielectric is 1.695mm, and the dielectric constant is 2.1. According to the design principle of the dipole antenna, taking 2.65GHz as an example, the length L1 of the dipole metal unit 12 is designed to be 20mm (0.25 wavelength), and the width W1 is designed to be 2mm, so that the impedance matching degree in the antenna frequency band is still acceptable. When the widths w2 of the two groups of parasitic strip metal units 13 are both 2mm, the lengths L2 are both 42mm (close to 0.5 wavelength), and the distance d1 between each group of parasitic strip metal units 13 and the dipole metal unit 12 is 65mm (close to 0.8 wavelength), the impedance matching in the frequency band can be improved, and the gain is improved by 4.73 dB. According to the requirements of antenna impedance matching and current balance on the dipole metal unit 12, the length WT1 of the upper bottom edge of the trapezoidal dielectric plate 21 is 8mm, the length WT2 of the lower bottom edge is 17mm, the length LT is 30mm (0.375 wavelength), the thickness h2 is 1mm, and the dielectric constant is 4.4.
The utility model provides a pair of two-dimensional parasitic array antenna of plane dipole adds the metal strip in the both sides of plane dipole metal unit 12, adjusts the length and the position of parasitic strip according to the law, can make dipole metal unit 12 and parasitic strip metal unit 13 current distribution cophase, and the equivalence is non-constant amplitude same phase superimposed array antenna promptly to reach the mesh that improves antenna gain.
If the dipole gain is required to be further increased, the length of the array needs to be increased and the array needs to be bent to counteract the reverse current caused by the overlong oscillator, so that the axial size of the antenna is increased, and the structure of the antenna is further complicated. In order to solve the above problems, the present research provides a planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna, which can greatly increase the antenna gain by only adding parasitic metal units on two sides of the planar dipole antenna and properly adjusting the lengths and positions of the metal units, thereby solving the problems of large size and complex structure of the antenna, and having a certain value. In addition, the whole antenna has simple structure, can be produced by utilizing a PCB process, has low cost and high precision, and is suitable for mass production.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a graph comparing the return loss of the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna 100 and the planar dipole antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention with the curve of the planar dipole antenna along with the frequency variation. The center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna in this embodiment is 2.65GHz, and the reflection coefficient at this time is better than that of the planar dipole antenna by about 10dB, so that the antenna can improve the impedance matching degree to some extent.
Referring to fig. 7, the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention has the dipole metal unit 12 and the parasitic strip metal unit 13 with current distribution at 2.65 GHz. At this time, the current flow directions of the parasitic strip metal element 13 and the dipole metal element 12 are kept consistent, that is, when the length and the position of the parasitic strip element satisfy a certain condition, the parasitic strip element can be approximately equivalent to an array antenna with unequal amplitudes and the same phase superposition, thereby improving the antenna gain.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a diagram comparing patterns of the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna and the planar dipole antenna at 2.65GHz phi ═ 0 degrees. At the frequency point, phi is 0 degree directional diagram and shows the characteristic of double-end-fire: the maximum radiation direction at the upper end of the directional diagram is 0 degree, and the gain is 6.6 dBi; the maximum radiation direction at the lower end of the pattern is 180 degrees and the gain is 6.6 dBi.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a diagram comparing patterns of the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna and the planar dipole antenna at 2.65GHz phi ═ 90 degrees. At the frequency point, phi is a 90-degree directional diagram which presents the characteristic of double-end-fire: the maximum radiation direction at the upper end of the directional diagram is 0 degree, and the gain is 6.3 dBi; the maximum radiation direction at the lower end of the pattern is 180 degrees and the gain is 6.3 dBi.
Fig. 10 is a graph of the gain of the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention as a function of the length of the parasitic strip metal element 13 when the position of the parasitic strip metal element 13 is maintained at 65mm (approximately 0.8 wavelength). The maximum gain is 1.87dBi when the strip length is 34mm (0.425 wavelengths) as the planar dipole; the gain reaches a maximum of 6.6dBi when the strip length is 42mm (approximately 0.5 wavelengths).
Fig. 11 is a graph of the gain of the planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention as a function of the position of the parasitic strip metal element 13 when the length of the parasitic strip metal element 13 is maintained at 42mm (approximately 0.5 wavelength); when the strip position is 27mm (0.33 wavelengths), the maximum gain is 1.87dBi, which is the same as the planar dipole; further, the gain gradually increases as the distance increases, but the gain can be up to 6.6dBi by selecting 65mm as an index because the volume of the dielectric substrate 11 is limited and cannot exceed 70 mm.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna is characterized in that,
the antenna comprises an antenna body and a microstrip feed balun structure, wherein the microstrip feed balun structure is fixedly connected with the antenna body and is positioned below the antenna body;
the microstrip feed balun structure comprises a trapezoidal dielectric slab, a gradient microstrip line metal layer, a gradient floor metal layer and a coaxial feed input end, wherein the gradient microstrip line metal layer is fixedly connected with the trapezoidal dielectric slab and is positioned on the side of the trapezoidal dielectric slab, the gradient floor metal layer is fixedly connected with the trapezoidal dielectric slab and is positioned on one side of the trapezoidal dielectric slab, which is far away from the gradient microstrip line metal layer, and the coaxial feed input end is fixedly connected with the gradient microstrip line metal layer and is positioned on the same side of the trapezoidal dielectric slab.
2. The planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna of claim 1,
the antenna body comprises a dielectric substrate, dipole metal units and two groups of parasitic strip metal units, wherein the dipole metal units and the two groups of parasitic strip metal units are fixedly connected with the dielectric substrate and are located on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, the two groups of parasitic strip metal units are symmetrically arranged, the dipole metal units are located between the two groups of parasitic strip metal units, and the distances between the dipole metal units and the parasitic strip metal units are equal.
3. The planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna of claim 2,
the dipole metal unit is divided into two units with the same length by the through hole gaps, and the hole length of the upper surface of each through hole gap is smaller than that of the lower surface of each through hole gap.
4. The planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna of claim 3,
one end of the trapezoid dielectric slab is embedded in the through hole gap, and the gradient microstrip line metal layer and the gradient floor metal layer are respectively in contact connection with the dipole metal unit.
5. The planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna of claim 4,
the coaxial feed input end is composed of a coaxial probe and a coaxial shell, the coaxial shell is sleeved on the coaxial probe, and the coaxial probe is fixedly connected with the gradient microstrip line metal layer.
6. The planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna of claim 5,
the radius of a coaxial probe at the coaxial feed input end is 0.5mm, the radius of a medium is 1.695mm, and the dielectric constant is 2.1.
7. The planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna of claim 6,
the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate and the dielectric constant of the trapezoidal dielectric plate are both 4.4.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120430413.9U CN214378838U (en) | 2021-02-28 | 2021-02-28 | Planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna |
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| CN202120430413.9U CN214378838U (en) | 2021-02-28 | 2021-02-28 | Planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112909532A (en) * | 2021-02-28 | 2021-06-04 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112909532A (en) * | 2021-02-28 | 2021-06-04 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna |
| CN112909532B (en) * | 2021-02-28 | 2024-11-19 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Planar dipole binary parasitic array antenna |
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