CN215378749U - A drive circuit for an inverter and a relay - Google Patents
A drive circuit for an inverter and a relay Download PDFInfo
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- CN215378749U CN215378749U CN202120820897.8U CN202120820897U CN215378749U CN 215378749 U CN215378749 U CN 215378749U CN 202120820897 U CN202120820897 U CN 202120820897U CN 215378749 U CN215378749 U CN 215378749U
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Abstract
The present invention provides a driving circuit of an inverter and a relay, the driving circuit comprising: a delay pick-up unit and a driving unit; the driving unit is arranged between the negative electrode of the control coil of the relay to be controlled and the ground, and can change the connection state between the negative electrode of the control coil and the ground; a delay link is arranged in the delayed suction unit, so that the state of the driving unit can be changed; therefore, through the matching of the driving unit and the delayed pull-in unit, the negative electrode of the control coil can be automatically conducted with the ground after the power supply is electrified for a certain time, and the automatic pull-in of the relay is further realized; that is, the actuation of the relay does not need to depend on the control unit, so that the problem that the main contact of the relay cannot be closed when the control unit is abnormal is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of automatic control, in particular to a driving circuit of an inverter and a relay.
Background
The driving circuit of the relay is widely applied to the design of an inverter, and the circuit mainly has the function of controlling whether a control coil of the board-mounted power relay is electrified or not according to a control signal output by a control unit so as to realize on-off control of a main contact of the relay.
In the driving scheme of the relay in the prior art, the on-off process of the main contact of the relay is controlled by the control unit, and once the control unit is abnormal, a driving circuit of the relay cannot work; in some applications, the relay can still be closed when the control unit is abnormal, so that a new driving circuit is needed to meet the requirement.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an inverter and a relay driving circuit, which solve the problem that a relay main contact cannot be closed when a control unit is abnormal.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
a first aspect of the present invention provides a relay driving circuit, including: a delay pick-up unit and a driving unit; wherein:
the positive electrode of a control coil of the relay to be controlled receives a preset power supply voltage;
the input end of the driving unit is correspondingly connected with the negative electrode of the control coil of the relay to be controlled;
the output end of the driving unit is grounded;
the N drive controlled ends of the drive unit are connected with the input end of the delay pull-in unit and are connected with a reference ground through the delay pull-in unit; when the path between the drive controlled end and the reference ground is disconnected, the corresponding input end and the output end of the drive unit are switched to be in a conducting state; n is the number of the relays to be controlled;
the power supply end of the delayed attraction unit receives the power supply voltage of the attraction power supply, a delay link is arranged in the delayed attraction unit, and after the first preset time after the attraction power supply is electrified, the input end of the delayed attraction unit and the reference ground are switched to be in a disconnected state.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a loss reduction control unit;
the input end of the loss reduction control unit receives the power supply voltage of the pull-in power supply;
the output end of the loss reduction control unit is connected with the anode of the control coil of the relay to be controlled and receives the power supply voltage of the holding power supply;
the timing controlled end of the loss reduction control unit is connected with the input end of the delay pull-in unit and is connected with a reference ground through the delay pull-in unit; and after a second preset time length that the path between the timing controlled end and the reference ground is disconnected, switching the input end and the output end of the loss reduction control unit to be in a disconnected state.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a main and auxiliary double-control AND gate unit;
the timing controlled end is also connected with N input ends of the main and auxiliary double-control AND gate unit and is connected with the reference ground through the main and auxiliary double-control AND gate unit;
the N driving controlled ends are also correspondingly connected with the N input ends of the main and auxiliary double-control AND gate units one by one and are respectively connected with the reference ground through the main and auxiliary double-control AND gate units;
and when the representation of the relay control signal is turned off and the representation of the master control monitoring signal is normal, the corresponding input end of the main-auxiliary double-control AND gate unit and the reference ground are switched to be in a conducting state.
Preferably, the loss reduction control circuit unit includes: a positive switch tube and a first delay circuit; wherein:
the input end of the positive switch tube is used as the input end of the loss reduction control unit and receives the power supply voltage of the attraction power supply;
the output end of the positive switch tube is used as the output end of the loss reduction control unit, is connected with the positive electrode of the corresponding control coil and receives the power supply voltage of the holding power supply;
the input end of the first delay circuit is used as a timing controlled end of the loss reduction control unit;
the output end of the first delay circuit is connected with the control end of the positive switch tube.
Preferably, the first delay circuit includes: the first to eighth resistors, the first to second switching tubes, the voltage stabilizing diode and at least one first capacitor; wherein:
the first capacitors are connected in parallel, one end of each capacitor after being connected in parallel is used as the input end of the first delay circuit, and the other end of each capacitor is connected with the reference ground;
one end of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the input end of the first switch tube receive the power supply voltage of the pull-in power supply;
the other end of the first resistor is respectively connected to the input end of the first delay circuit and the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode;
the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with one end of a fourth resistor;
the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the control end of the second switching tube and one end of the fifth resistor respectively;
the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the reference ground;
the other end of the second resistor is respectively connected with one end of a sixth resistor and the control end of the first switching tube;
the other end of the sixth resistor is connected with the input end of the second switching tube;
the output end of the second switch tube is connected with the reference ground;
the other end of the third resistor is connected to one end of a seventh resistor and the output end of the first switching tube respectively;
the output end of the first switching tube is connected with the reference ground through an eighth resistor;
the other end of the seventh resistor is used as the output end of the first delay circuit.
Preferably, the delay pull-in unit includes: the third switching tube, the ninth to eleventh resistors, the first diode and at least one second capacitor; wherein:
the second capacitors are connected in parallel, one end of each second capacitor after connection receives the power supply voltage of the attraction power supply, and the other end of each second capacitor is connected with one end of a ninth resistor and the cathode of the first diode respectively;
the other end of the ninth resistor is connected with one end of a tenth resistor and the control end of the third switching tube respectively;
the input end of the third switching tube is connected with one end of an eleventh resistor, and the other end of the eleventh resistor is used as the input end of the delay pull-in unit;
the other end of the tenth resistor, the anode of the first diode and the output end of the third switching tube are connected with the reference ground.
Preferably, the master-slave dual-control and gate unit includes: a fourth switching tube and N fifth switching tubes; wherein:
the control end of each fifth switch tube is respectively used as each first controlled end of the main-auxiliary double-control AND gate unit;
the input end of each fifth switching tube is respectively used as each input end of the main and auxiliary double-control AND gate unit;
the output end of each fifth switching tube is connected to the input end of the fourth switching tube;
the output end of the fourth switching tube is connected with the reference ground;
and the control ends of the four switching tubes are used as second controlled ends of the main and auxiliary double-control AND gate units.
Preferably, the driving unit includes: n drive modules; wherein:
and each driving module is respectively arranged at the negative pole of the corresponding control coil.
Preferably, the driving module includes: a negative switch tube, a twelfth resistor and a thirteenth resistor; wherein:
one end of the twelfth resistor receives the power supply voltage of the pull-in power supply;
the other end of the twelfth resistor is respectively connected with the control end of the negative switch tube and one end of the thirteenth resistor, and the connection point is used as a driving controlled end of the driving unit;
the input end of the negative switch tube is connected with the other end of the thirteenth resistor and then grounded;
and the output end of the negative switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the corresponding control coil.
Preferably, the timing controlled end is connected with the delay pull-in unit through a second diode in a positive connection mode;
the drive controlled end is connected with the delay pull-in unit through a forward connection third diode.
Preferably, the timing controlled end is connected to the corresponding input end of the main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit through a series branch positively connected with a fourth diode and a fourteenth resistor;
and the drive controlled end is connected with the corresponding input end of the main and auxiliary double-control AND gate unit through a positive connection fifth diode.
A second aspect of the present invention provides an inverter, comprising: a main circuit, an auxiliary power supply, and a drive circuit of the relay according to any one of the above; wherein:
a loop relay in the main circuit is controlled by the driving circuit;
the auxiliary power supply comprises a pull-in power supply and a holding power supply.
Preferably, the circuit relay includes: and the on-grid side bypass relay and the off-grid side bypass relay on the alternating current side.
Preferably, when the driving circuit includes a main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit, the inverter further includes: a main control unit and an auxiliary control unit; wherein:
the master control unit generates and outputs a relay control signal to a first controlled end of the master-auxiliary double-control AND gate unit;
and the auxiliary control unit generates and outputs a main control monitoring signal to a second controlled end of the main and auxiliary double-control AND gate unit.
Preferably, the pull-in power supply and the hold power supply are provided with corresponding filter circuits at output ends thereof.
Based on the drive circuit of the relay provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the drive circuit comprises: a delay pick-up unit and a driving unit; the driving unit is arranged between the negative electrode of the control coil of the relay to be controlled and the ground, and can change the connection state between the negative electrode of the control coil and the ground; a delay link is arranged in the delayed suction unit, so that the state of the driving unit can be changed; after a circuit where the relay is located is electrified, the attraction unit is firstly delayed to be electrified through the attraction power supply, then the input end of the attraction unit and the reference ground are switched to be in a disconnected state after a first preset time through the built-in time delay link, and further the connection between the drive controlled end of the drive unit and the reference ground is disconnected; when the path between the drive controlled end and the reference ground is disconnected, the corresponding input end and the output end of the drive unit are switched to be in a conducting state, and the drive unit is connected between the negative electrode of the control coil of the corresponding relay to be controlled and the ground, so that the negative electrode of the corresponding control coil is conducted with the ground; the positive pole of the control coil receives the preset power supply voltage, so when the negative pole of the corresponding control coil is conducted with the ground, the control coil can be electrified to attract the corresponding relay to be controlled; and because the delayed attraction unit can complete corresponding actions only through a self time delay link, the negative electrode of the control coil is automatically conducted with the ground, and further the automatic attraction of the relay is realized, the attraction operation of the relay to be controlled can be completed without the control action of the control unit in the prior art, and the problem that the main contact of the relay cannot be closed when the control unit is abnormal in the prior art is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving circuit of a relay provided in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving circuit of a relay according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving circuit of another relay according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a loss reduction control unit in a driving circuit of a relay according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a topology diagram of a first delay circuit in a loss reduction control unit in a driving circuit of a relay according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a topology diagram of a delay pull-in unit in a driving circuit of a relay according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a topology diagram of a driving unit in a driving circuit of a relay according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving circuit of a relay according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a topology diagram of a main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit in a driving circuit of a relay according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a topology diagram of a driving circuit of a relay according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving circuit of another relay according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In this application, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the prior art, a structural schematic diagram of a conventional relay driving circuit is roughly shown in fig. 1, and it needs to implement control of one relay through two control I/O ports, one I/O port is used to control on/off of the relay, and the other I/O port is used to reduce loss, and if it wants to control the closing of a relay main contact and achieve the purpose of reducing loss, it is necessary to ensure that a control unit normally operates, otherwise, the above functions cannot be implemented.
Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a relay driving circuit to solve the problem that a relay main contact cannot be closed when a control unit is abnormal.
The schematic structural diagram is shown in fig. 2, and comprises: a delayed pull-in unit 120 and a driving unit 130; wherein:
as shown in fig. 2 at 12V, the positive electrode of the control coil of the relay to be controlled receives a preset power supply voltage, and it should be noted that a specific value of the preset power supply voltage is determined according to a specific application, and is not limited thereto.
The input end of the driving unit 130 is correspondingly connected to the negative electrode of the control coil of the relay to be controlled, and the output end of the driving unit 130 is grounded (shown as GND-POWER in fig. 2); n driving controlled terminals (as shown in point C in fig. 7) of the driving unit 130 are connected to the input terminal of the delay pull-in unit 120, and particularly, the connection between a single driving controlled terminal and the input terminal of the delay pull-in unit 120 can be realized through corresponding diodes (as shown in D3 in fig. 2); and, each of the driving controlled terminals is connected to a reference ground through the delay pull-in unit 120, as shown by GND in fig. 2; when the path between the driving controlled end and the reference ground is disconnected, the corresponding input end and the output end of the driving unit 130 are switched to a conducting state; and N is the number of the relays to be controlled. It should be noted that the driving circuit of the relay provided in this embodiment can drive at least one relay, and the number of the driven ends of the driving unit 130 corresponds to the number of the relays one to one.
The power terminal of the delayed pull-in unit 120 receives the power supply voltage of the pull-in power, as shown by 12V in fig. 2; and a delay link is built in the delayed attraction unit 120, and after a first preset time after the attraction power supply is powered on, the input end of the delayed attraction unit 120 and the reference ground are switched to be in a disconnected state. In practical application, the voltage value of the pull-in power supply may be determined according to specific situations, but is not limited thereto.
In the driving circuit of the relay provided in this embodiment, after the circuit where the relay is located is powered on, the pull-in unit 120 is first delayed to be powered on through the pull-in power supply, and then the input end of the driving unit is switched to be in a disconnected state with the reference ground after a first preset duration through a built-in delay link, so as to disconnect the connection between the driven end of the driving unit 130 and the reference ground; since the corresponding input end and the output end of the driving unit 130 are switched to the conducting state when the path between the driving controlled end and the reference ground is disconnected, and the driving unit 130 is connected between the negative electrode of the control coil of the corresponding relay to be controlled and the ground, the negative electrode of the corresponding control coil is conducted with the ground at this time; the positive pole of the control coil receives the preset power supply voltage, so when the negative pole of the corresponding control coil is conducted with the ground, the control coil can be electrified to attract the corresponding relay to be controlled; in addition, since the delayed attraction unit 120 can complete corresponding actions only through a self time delay link, the negative electrode of the control coil is automatically conducted with the ground, and then the relay is automatically attracted, and attraction and maintenance of the relay to be controlled can be completed without the control action of the control unit in the prior art, so that the problem that the main contact of the relay cannot be closed when the control unit is abnormal in the prior art is solved.
On the basis of the above embodiment, preferably, after the main contacts of the relay are controlled to be closed, in order to achieve the purpose of keeping the relay in low power consumption and reducing the loss, the driving circuit further includes: a loss reduction control unit 110; the schematic structure is shown in fig. 3.
The input end of the loss reduction control unit 110 receives the supply voltage of the pull-in power supply (shown as 12V in fig. 3); the output terminal of the loss reduction control unit 110 is connected to the positive terminal of the control coil of the relay to be controlled, and receives the supply voltage of the holding power supply (as shown by 5.6V in fig. 3).
The timing controlled end of the loss reduction control unit 110 (as shown in point a in fig. 5) is connected to the input end of the delay pull-in unit 120 (as shown in point B in fig. 6), and specifically, the connection between the timing controlled end and the input end of the delay pull-in unit 120 may be implemented by a corresponding diode (as shown in D2 in fig. 3); and, the timing controlled terminal is connected to the reference ground (shown as GND in fig. 3) through the delay pull-in unit 120; after timing the second preset time period that the path between the controlled terminal and the reference ground is disconnected, the input terminal and the output terminal of the loss reduction control unit 110 are switched to the disconnected state. In practical applications, the voltage value of the holding power supply may be determined according to specific situations, but is not limited thereto.
The operating principle of the driving circuit shown in fig. 3 is: after a circuit where the relay is located is powered on, firstly, the attraction unit 120 is delayed to be powered on through an attraction power supply, then the input end of the attraction unit is switched to be in a disconnected state with a reference ground after a first preset time through a built-in time delay link, and then the connection between the driving controlled end of the driving unit 130 and the reference ground is disconnected, and meanwhile, the connection between the timing controlled end of the loss reduction control unit 110 and the reference ground is also disconnected; after the second preset time for timing the disconnection of the path between the controlled end and the reference ground, the input end and the output end of the loss reduction control unit 110 are switched to the disconnected state, so that the voltage received by the anode of the corresponding control coil is generated, and the power supply voltage of the attraction power supply received by the input end of the loss reduction control unit 110 is switched to the power supply voltage of the holding power supply after the second preset time; therefore, when the negative pole of the corresponding control coil is conducted with the ground, the preset power supply voltage received by the positive pole of the control coil is the power supply voltage of the attraction power supply, so that the corresponding relay to be controlled is attracted, and after the second preset time period, the preset power supply voltage can only be the power supply voltage of the retention power supply so as to keep the corresponding relay to be controlled to be conducted, so that the low-power-consumption retention of the relay is realized, and the purpose of reducing loss is achieved. In addition, since the delay attraction unit 120 and the loss reduction control unit 110 can complete corresponding actions only through respective time delay, that is, the drive circuit can complete attraction and hold of the relay to be controlled without the control action of the control unit in the prior art, the dependence on the control unit in the prior art is further reduced.
Specifically, the working principle of the driving circuit of the relay and the specific structure of each unit thereof are as follows:
the loss reduction control unit 110, whose schematic structural diagram can be shown in fig. 4, includes: a positive switch Q1 and a first delay circuit 210; wherein:
the input end of the positive switch tube Q1 is used as the input end of the loss reduction control unit 110, and receives the power supply voltage of the pull-in power supply; the output end of the positive switch tube Q1 is used as the output end of the loss reduction control unit 110, is connected with the positive electrode of the corresponding control coil, and receives the power supply voltage of the holding power supply; the input end of the first delay circuit 210 is used as the timing controlled end of the loss reduction control unit 110; the output terminal of the first delay circuit 210 is connected to the control terminal of the positive switch Q1.
In practical applications, the positive switch Q1 may be any switch, for example, an IGBT or an MOS transistor, and the present embodiment is illustrated by taking the positive switch Q1 as an MOS transistor, as shown in fig. 4, a source of Q1 is an input terminal thereof, receives a supply voltage of the pull-in power supply, and a drain thereof is an output terminal thereof, receives a supply voltage of the holding power supply, and is connected to an anode of the corresponding control coil, so that after the driving circuit is powered on, the switch Q1 is powered on, and an anode of the control coil of the relay obtains a supply voltage of 12V of the pull-in power supply.
The schematic structure of the first delay circuit 210 can be shown in fig. 5, and includes: the circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh switch, a sixth switch, a fifth switch, a sixth switch, a fifth diode, a sixth diode, a fifth diode, a sixth diode and at least one sixth capacitor, wherein the eighth resistor is shown as R1-R8 in FIG. 5, the sixth switch is shown as K1-K2 in FIG. 5, the fifth diode is shown as D0 in FIG. 5, and at least one first capacitor is shown as C1 in FIG. 5.
It should be noted that, the number of the first capacitors C1 may be determined by the skilled person as the case may be, the present embodiment is shown by taking the number of the first capacitors C1 as two, as shown in fig. 5, where:
the first capacitors C1 are connected in parallel, one end of the parallel connection is used as the input end of the first delay circuit 210, and the other end is connected to the ground GND; one end of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the input end of the first switch tube K1 receive the power supply voltage of the pull-in power supply; the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the input terminal of the first delay circuit 210 and the cathode of the zener diode D0; the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D0 is connected with one end of a fourth resistor R4; the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the control end of the second switch tube K2 and one end of the fifth resistor R5, respectively; the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to ground GND.
The other end of the second resistor R2 is respectively connected with one end of a sixth resistor R6 and the control end of the first switch tube K1; the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the input end of the second switch tube K2; the output terminal of the second switch tube K2 is connected to the ground GND.
The other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7 and the output end of the first switch tube K1, respectively; the output end of the first switch tube K1 is connected to the ground GND through an eighth resistor R8; the other end of the seventh resistor R7 serves as the output terminal of the first delay circuit 210.
As shown in fig. 5, the first switch transistor K1 and the second switch transistor K2 in the first delay circuit 210 may both be transistors, and the first switch transistor K1 is NPN type, and the second switch transistor K2 is PNP type, but not limited thereto, and in practical application, any switch transistor in the prior art may be replaced, and it is within the protection scope of the present invention.
The automatic loss reduction process of the loss reduction control unit 110 for the relay is as follows: after the circuit is powered on, under the partial pressure of a third resistor R3 and an eighth resistor R8, a corresponding voltage is obtained between a grid G and a source S of an anode switch tube Q1, a specific voltage value depends on the resistance values of the two resistors, the anode switch tube Q1 is conducted, and the anode of a relay control coil obtains a power supply voltage 12V of a pull-in power supply; after the circuit is powered on for a first preset time, the loss reduction control unit 110 times that the controlled end is disconnected from a path connected with a reference ground GND through the delay attraction unit 120, then the attraction power source charges two first capacitors C1 through a first resistor R1, after a second preset time, the voltage of a point a rises to the reverse breakdown voltage of a voltage stabilizing diode D0, the voltage stabilizing diode D0 breaks down, the base of a first switch tube K1 generates current, namely the first switch tube K1 is in saturated conduction, a second switch tube K2 immediately enters a saturated conduction state, the GS voltage of an anode switch tube Q1 is clamped to about zero, the first switch tube Q1 is turned off, and the anode of a control coil obtains a holding voltage of 5.6V.
The delayed pull-in unit 120, which may be shown in fig. 6, includes: a third switch tube (shown as K3 in FIG. 6), ninth to eleventh resistors (shown as R9-R11 in FIG. 6), a first diode (shown as D1 in FIG. 6), and at least one second capacitor (shown as C2 in FIG. 6).
In practical application, the number of the second capacitors C2 may be set by a technician according to actual needs, and the embodiment is shown by two second capacitors C2, as shown in fig. 6, where:
the second capacitors C2 are connected in parallel, one end of the connected second capacitors C2 receives the power supply voltage of the pull-in power supply, and the other end of the connected second capacitors C2 is respectively connected with one end of the ninth resistor R9 and the negative electrode of the first diode D1; the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to one end of the tenth resistor R10 and the control end of the third switching tube K3, respectively; the input end of the third switching tube K3 is connected with one end of an eleventh resistor R11, and the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 serves as the input end of the delay pull-in unit 120; the other end of the tenth resistor R10, the anode of the first diode D1, and the output terminal of the third switching tube K3 are connected, and the connection point is used as the output terminal of the delay pull-in unit 120 and is referenced to the ground GND.
The operation principle of the delay pull-in unit 120 will be described by taking the third switch tube K3 as a triode as an example, and the principle is the same when the third switch tube K3 is another switch tube. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: after the pull-in unit 120 is powered on through the pull-in power supply, the base of the third switching tube K3 is powered through the second capacitor C2 and the ninth resistor R9, the third switching tube K3 is in saturated conduction, at this time, the potential of the input end (shown as point B in fig. 6) of the pull-in unit 120 is 0V, when the voltage of the second capacitor C2 continuously rises to approach 12V, according to the voltage law, the base voltage of the third switching tube K3 is less than 0.7V, the base current disappears, the third switching tube K3 is cut off, that is, the path from point B to the reference ground is disconnected, and then the timing controlled end and the path connecting the driving controlled end to the reference ground through the pull-in unit 120 are both disconnected; the period of time from the power-on to the off of the third switching tube K3 is a second preset time.
A driving unit 130 including: n driver modules 310; each driving module 310 is disposed at a negative electrode of a control coil of a corresponding relay to be controlled, that is, one driving module 310 is disposed corresponding to one relay.
The structural schematic diagram of each driving module can be shown in fig. 7, and each driving module includes: a negative switch tube Q2, a twelfth resistor R12 and a thirteenth resistor R13. One end of the twelfth resistor R12 receives the power supply voltage of the pull-in power supply; the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the control end of the negative switch Q2 and one end of the thirteenth resistor R13, respectively, and the connection point is used as a driving controlled end of the driving unit 130 (as shown by point C in fig. 7); the input end of the negative switch tube Q2 is connected with the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 and then grounded; the output end of the negative pole switching tube Q2 is connected with the negative pole of the control coil of the corresponding relay to be controlled.
The negative switch Q2, like the positive switch Q1, may be a MOS transistor as shown in fig. 7, or may be another switch, and all of them are within the protection scope of the present invention. Since the N driving controlled terminals of the driving unit 130 are connected to the input terminal of the delay pull-in unit 120 and connected to the reference ground through the delay pull-in unit 120, after the circuit is powered on, the supply voltage of the pull-in power source received by the driving unit 130 flows to the reference ground through the driving controlled terminals via the delay pull-in unit 120, and the negative switch tube Q2 cannot be turned on; after a first preset time after the attraction power supply is powered on, the path between the driven end and the reference ground is disconnected, at this time, the negative switch tube Q2 is turned on, the corresponding input end and the output end of the driving unit 130 are switched to a conducting state, further, the potential at the input end of the driving unit 130 is reduced to 0, the negative electrode of the control coil of the relay to be controlled, which is correspondingly connected with the driving unit, is grounded, and the main contact of the relay is closed. When the voltage of any one driving controlled end is pulled down to be lower than the conducting threshold voltage of the negative switch tube Q2 by other unit circuits, such as the delay pull-in unit 120 or the main and auxiliary dual-control AND gate unit 140 described below, the negative switch tube Q2 is turned off, the corresponding control coil is de-energized, and the main contact of the relay is turned off.
And when the path between the driving controlled terminal and the reference ground is disconnected and the potential between the timing controlled terminal and the reference ground is also disconnected, the pull-in power supply starts to charge the first capacitor C1, when the voltage at the point a rises to the reverse breakdown voltage of the zener diode D0, the zener diode D0 breaks down, the first switch tube K1 and the second switch tube K2 are both in saturated conduction, so that the voltage between the gate and the source of the positive switch tube Q1 is pulled down to about zero by the voltage between the third resistor R3 and the eighth resistor R8, the positive switch tube Q1 is turned off, and the input end and the output end of the loss reduction control unit 110 are switched to the off state, so that the voltage of the control coil of the relay is reduced from the supply voltage 12V of the pull-in power supply to the supply voltage 5.6V of the holding power supply.
In the driving circuit of the relay provided in this embodiment, due to the delayed action of the delayed attraction unit 120, the automatic attraction of the relay can be realized through the driving unit 130 after the power is supplied for the first preset time; and, there is loss control unit 110 that reduces, in a certain time after the relay is closed, the voltage of the relay control coil can be reduced automatically, that is, the closing and maintaining of the relay need not rely on the control unit, therefore, the problem that the main contact of the relay can not be closed when the control unit is abnormal is solved.
The rest of the principle is the same as the above embodiments, and is not described in detail here.
Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a driving circuit of a relay, where on the basis of the above embodiment, the driving circuit may further include, as shown in fig. 8: a primary and secondary double-control and gate unit 140.
In fig. 8, taking N as 1 as an example, the timing controlled end of the loss reduction control unit 110 is further connected to N input ends of the main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit 140, and is connected to the ground GND through the main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit 140; the driving controlled ends of the N driving units 130 are also connected to N input ends (as shown by point E in fig. 8) of the main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit 140 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and are respectively connected to the ground GND through the main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit 140.
The working principle of the main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit 140 is as follows:
the N first controlled ends of the main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit 140 respectively receive corresponding relay control signals, and each relay control signal is specific to a corresponding relay to be controlled and is used for representing whether the control intention of the corresponding relay to be controlled is to be turned off or to be turned on; the second controlled end of the primary and secondary dual-control and gate unit 140 receives the primary control monitoring signal, and is used for representing whether the primary control unit is normal. When the representation of the relay control signal is turned off and the representation of the master control monitoring signal is normal, the corresponding input end of the master-slave dual-control and gate unit 140 is switched to a conducting state with the reference ground GND; in other cases, the corresponding input terminals of the main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit 140 are all in an off state with respect to the ground GND.
Referring to fig. 9 in combination with fig. 10 and 11, the primary and secondary dual-control and gate unit 140 may specifically include: a fourth switching tube K4 and N fifth switching tubes K5; the control end of each fifth switch tube K4 is respectively used as each first controlled end of the main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit 140 (such as Inv Relay IO1 shown in fig. 10, Inv Relay IO1 and Inv Relay IO2 shown in fig. 11, and nv Relay IO1, Inv Relay IO2 and Inv Relay ION shown in fig. 9), and receives a corresponding Relay control signal, where the signal is from the main control unit of the circuit where the Relay is located; the input end of each fifth switching tube K5 is respectively used as each input end of the main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit 140; the output end of each fifth switching tube K5 is connected to the input end of the fourth switching tube K5; the output end of the fourth switching tube K4 is connected with the ground GND; the control end of the four switching tubes serves as a second controlled end (shown as Bypass SRelay in fig. 9 to 11) of the main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit 140, and receives a main control monitoring signal, which is from an auxiliary control unit of a circuit where the relay is located.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 9 to fig. 11, the timing controlled end may be connected to the input end of the delay pull-in unit 120 through a forward connection second diode D2; the driving controlled end can be connected with the input end of the delay pull-in unit 120 through a positive connection third diode D3; the timing controlled end can be connected to the corresponding input end of the main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit 140 through a series branch positively connected with a fourth diode D4 and a fourteenth resistor R14; the driving controlled end is connected with the corresponding input end of the main and auxiliary dual-control AND gate unit 140 through a positive connection fifth diode D5.
The specific situations are as follows:
(1) when the main control unit is normal, the fourth switching tube K4 is conducted; when any relay control signal represents attraction, the corresponding fifth switch tube K5 is turned off, the connection between the input end E point of the branch and the reference ground GND is broken, the drive controlled end of the corresponding drive module 310 is not pulled down, the corresponding negative switch tube Q2 is turned on, and the path between the negative electrode of the corresponding control coil and the ground is in a conducting state.
(2) When the main control unit is abnormal, the fourth switching tube K4 is turned off; no matter how the control signals of the relays are characterized, that is, no matter whether the fifth switching tube K5 is turned on or not, the connection between the input end E and the reference ground GND is disconnected, the drive controlled end of each driving module 310 is not pulled low, the negative switching tube Q2 is turned on, and the paths between the negative electrodes of the control coils and the ground are all in a conducting state.
(3) When the main control unit is normal, the fourth switching tube K4 is conducted; when any relay control signal is characterized to be turned off, the corresponding fifth switch tube K5 is turned on, the connection between the input end E point of the branch and the reference ground GND is turned on, the drive controlled end of the corresponding drive module 310 is pulled low, the corresponding negative switch tube Q2 is turned off, and the path between the negative electrode of the corresponding control coil and the ground is in an off state.
With reference to the above embodiments, that is, after the 4 circuit units of the driving circuit are integrated, as shown in fig. 10 (taking N as an example) or fig. 11 (taking N as an example), the overall operating principle of the circuit is as follows:
the conventional working process is as follows: after the circuit is powered on, the power supply voltage of the +12V attraction power supply and the +5.6V keeping power supply is established, the loss reduction control unit 110 delays according to the set time (namely, the second preset time duration), the delay attraction unit 120 also delays according to the set time (namely, the first preset time duration), the driving unit 130 keeps the disabled state, and the power-on initialization time duration of the main control unit and the auxiliary control unit is less than the delay time (namely, the first preset time duration) of the delay attraction unit 120 in the power-on initialization of the main control unit and the auxiliary control unit; when the initialization of the main control unit and the auxiliary control unit is finished, Inv _ Relay _ IO1 and Inv _ Relay _ IO2 of the main control unit keep high level, and Bypass _ S-Relay of the auxiliary control unit keeps high level; at this time, the control right of the driving circuit is given to the main control unit, if the main control unit needs to close each Relay to be controlled, Inv _ Relay _ IO1 and Inv _ Relay _ IO2 are set to be low level, each branch in the main-auxiliary dual-control and gate unit 140 is disconnected, each point C is not pulled down by a corresponding point E, and after the first preset time is reached, a path connecting each point C with the reference ground GND through the point B is also disconnected, so that each negative switch tube Q2 is switched on; since the loss reduction control unit 110 can turn on the positive switch tube Q1 after being powered on, each relay to be controlled is attracted at this time. And after the connection between the point E and the connection between the point B and the reference ground GND are disconnected, the voltage of the point A starts to rise, and after a second preset time period, the voltage of the point A rises to breakdown of the voltage regulator tube D0, the second preset time period is longer than the time requirement for stable pull-in of the relay, and at the moment, the control end of the positive switch tube Q1 is switched to be 5.6V voltage, so that pull-in keeping under low loss is realized. If the main control unit or the auxiliary control unit needs to immediately turn off the relay, the relay can be immediately turned off by controlling the I/O port of the main control unit or the auxiliary control unit to output high level.
In practical application, in order to realize the function of keeping the relay attracting under the control abnormal condition, the control strategy can be preset to set: the main control unit and the auxiliary control unit are set to keep low-level output no matter what reason the communication is abnormal. The working process of the circuit under the condition that the control unit is abnormal is as follows: in any case, after the circuit is powered on, the +12V pull-in power supply and the +5.6V hold power supply voltage are established, the loss reduction control unit 110 delays according to the set time (i.e. the second preset time), the delay pull-in unit 120 also delays according to the set time (i.e. the first preset time), and the driving unit 130 keeps the disabled state; at this time, due to the abnormality of the control unit, the Bypass _ S-Relay of the auxiliary control unit cannot simultaneously maintain high level in Inv _ Relay _ IO1 and Inv _ Relay _ IO2 of the main control unit, so the comprehensive output of the main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit 140 is high-resistance, that is, K4 and K5 are not simultaneously conducted, each E point is high-resistance to the ground, each C point cannot be pulled low by the corresponding E point, each negative switch tube Q2 can be conducted, and each Relay can attract each other; after a second preset time period, the loss reduction control unit 110 converts the loss reduction voltage to supply power to the control coil. Therefore, the load connected with the relay can still be electrically operated under the condition that the control unit is abnormal.
In summary, the driving circuit of the relay provided in this embodiment does not rely on the operation of the control unit, that is, the relay can still be turned on when the control unit is abnormal, and is very suitable for the situation where the control unit is abnormal and the load needs to be continuously supplied with power; in addition, due to the cooperation of the delay pull-in unit 120 and the main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit 140, the impact-free control of the relay can be realized, namely, the relay can pull in the zero-crossing position of the alternating voltage, so that the control reliability is improved, meanwhile, the service life of the relay is not sacrificed, and the circuit has obvious advantages.
It is worth noting that in the prior art, 2 control I/O ports are needed to realize the control of 1 relay, and at least 4 control I/O ports are needed to realize the control of 2 relays.
In the driving circuit of the relay provided in this embodiment, the loss reduction control unit 110 disposed at the positive electrode of the control coil can autonomously complete the switching between the pull-in voltage and the holding voltage, that is, the automatic loss reduction can be achieved without the control of the control unit. As shown in fig. 11, when 2 relays need to be controlled simultaneously, only 3 control I/O ports (shown in Inv Relay IO1, Inv Relay IO2, and Bypass SRelay in fig. 11) are needed. In practical application, N may also take other values, and when N is larger, the more control I/O ports that can be reduced by this embodiment; no matter how the value of N is taken, the number of the required control I/O ports can be reduced from 2N in the prior art to N + 1.
Therefore, the driving circuit of the relay provided by this embodiment adopts the scheme that the main and auxiliary dual-control and gate unit 140 controls the on/off of the relay, which also saves the resources of the control I/O port compared with the prior art, and simplifies the control strategy of the relay.
The rest of the principle is the same as the above embodiments, and is not described in detail here.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides an inverter, including: a main circuit, an auxiliary power supply, and a drive circuit of the relay provided as in the above embodiments; it should be noted that the main circuit of the inverter is the same as the prior art, and is not described again.
The relay in the main circuit is controlled by the driving circuit and comprises a near-network side bypass relay and an off-network side bypass relay on the alternating current side of the driving circuit.
If the driving circuit comprises a main and auxiliary double-control AND gate unit, the inverter further comprises: a main control unit and an auxiliary control unit; the master control unit generates and outputs a relay control signal to a first controlled end of the master-slave double-control AND gate unit; and the auxiliary control unit generates and outputs a main control monitoring signal to a second controlled end of the main and auxiliary double-control AND gate unit. The main control unit can also be used for controlling the operation of the main circuit.
The auxiliary power supply comprises an attraction power supply and a holding power supply and is used for providing voltage for a control coil of the relay, and in practical application, the output ends of the attraction power supply and the holding power supply can be provided with filter circuits (as shown in a device connected below two power supplies in fig. 10), so that the auxiliary power supply is the same as the prior art and is not repeated.
In the inverter provided by the embodiment, the drive circuit of the relay can autonomously realize the attraction and the maintenance of the relay contact without depending on the control unit, and the circuits for controlling the attraction and the maintenance of the relay are combined, so that the control I/O port resource is saved, and the control strategy of the relay is simplified.
The rest of the principle is the same as the above embodiments, and is not described in detail here.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, the system or system embodiments are substantially similar to the method embodiments and therefore are described in a relatively simple manner, and reference may be made to some of the descriptions of the method embodiments for related points. The above-described system and system embodiments are only illustrative, wherein the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the above description of the disclosed embodiments, the features described in the embodiments in this specification may be replaced or combined with each other to enable those skilled in the art to make or use the utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (14)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120820897.8U CN215378749U (en) | 2021-04-21 | 2021-04-21 | A drive circuit for an inverter and a relay |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120820897.8U CN215378749U (en) | 2021-04-21 | 2021-04-21 | A drive circuit for an inverter and a relay |
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| CN215378749U true CN215378749U (en) | 2021-12-31 |
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| CN202120820897.8U Active CN215378749U (en) | 2021-04-21 | 2021-04-21 | A drive circuit for an inverter and a relay |
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