SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a light source shaping system, a spectrophotometer, and a sample analyzer for a spectrophotometer, which are used to solve the problem that the energy utilization rate and the measurement error are difficult to meet the requirements when the light source measuring beam is shaped in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a light source shaping system of a spectrophotometer, including a light source, a collimating component, a compressing component and a diaphragm, which are sequentially distributed along a light path, and the collimating component, the compressing component and the diaphragm are coaxially arranged, wherein:
a light source for emitting a measuring beam;
the collimation assembly comprises a scattering unit and a collimation unit and is used for collecting light beams, homogenizing the light intensity distribution and shaping the light beams into parallel light;
the compression assembly comprises at least two compression units, is used for compressing the size of the light beam emitted by the collimation assembly and keeping the parallel state of the light beam;
and the diaphragm is used for limiting the size of the emergent light beam of the compression assembly.
The beam shaping principle of the utility model is as follows: the light source emits light rays which are scattered by the scattering unit to form light beams with uniform light intensity distribution, the light beams are collimated into parallel light by the collimating unit, the diameter of the light beams is compressed after the parallel light passes through the compression assembly, the light beams still keep a parallel state at the moment, and finally the light beams limit the emergent diameter through the diaphragm and are irradiated to the reaction vessel as measuring light beams.
Furthermore, the light source adopts a halogen lamp, and a filament of the halogen lamp is spiral.
Furthermore, the scattering unit scatters the incident light beam, so that the light beam generates Gaussian light intensity distribution after passing through the scattering unit.
Furthermore, the scattering unit adopts a scattering sheet, the scattering sheet is made of ultraviolet fused quartz, and the surface of the scattering sheet is a frosted surface.
Further, the collimating unit adopts an aspheric lens or a spherical lens, and the light beam is incident from the side with the larger curvature radius.
Furthermore, two or more compression units are coaxially arranged with each other to form an inverted beam expander.
Further, the compression unit employs at least one convex lens.
Further, the center of the diaphragm is provided with a light through hole for passing through light beams, and the light through hole is rectangular or circular.
The utility model also provides a spectrophotometer, comprising a light source module, a light splitting module and a photoelectric detection module, wherein:
the light source module is used for providing a light source for detection and comprises the spectrophotometer light source shaping system;
the light splitting module is used for splitting the light beam emitted by the light source module to form a light beam with a specific wavelength;
and the photoelectric detection module is used for acquiring the concentration of the sample.
The utility model also provides a sample analyzer, which comprises a sampling needle module, a reagent tray module, a reaction tray module and a detection module, wherein:
the sampling needle module is used for sucking a reagent or a sample and placing the reagent or the sample in the reaction cup;
the reagent disk module is used for storing reagents and keeping the temperature of the reagents in a constant temperature state;
the reaction disc module is used for incubating the object to be detected to meet the conditions required by the biochemical reaction;
the detection module is used for detecting an object to be detected to obtain a detection result, and comprises the spectrophotometer light source shaping system.
As described above, the present invention has the following advantageous effects:
the light source shaping system has the advantages that the collimation assembly, the compression assembly and the diaphragm are arranged in the light path in a matched mode, energy of measuring beams can be improved, parallelism of the measuring beams can be guaranteed, the spectrophotometer of the light source shaping system is favorable for improving accuracy of detection results, requirements of a photoelectric detection signal circuit are reduced, and signal to noise ratio of measurement is improved.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 and 2 show two commonly used light source shaping systems of a spectrophotometer, in fig. 1, a light beam emitted by a light source 101 is collimated by a lens 102, and then is converged by a lens 103, so that a light beam focus is focused to a reaction vessel 104, and the light beam energy utilization rate is high, but the light beam is non-parallel light at the reaction vessel 104, which may generate a large measurement error, especially when the concentration of a detected substance is high; in fig. 2, a light beam emitted by a light source 201 is collimated by using a lens 202, then the size of an emergent light spot is limited by using a diaphragm 203 with a proper aperture, and then the light beam irradiates a reaction vessel 204 for measurement, so that the parallelism of the light beam is high, the measurement error can be reduced, and the upper limit of the linear measurement range of a photometer is improved.
Based on this, as shown in fig. 3, the present invention provides a spectrophotometer light source shaping system, which includes a light source 301, a collimating component 302, a compressing component 303 and a diaphragm, which are sequentially distributed along a light path, and the collimating component 302, the compressing component 303 and the diaphragm 304 are coaxially arranged, wherein:
a light source 301 for emitting a measuring beam;
a collimating assembly 302, including a scattering unit 3021 and a collimating unit 3022, for collecting the light beam, homogenizing the light intensity distribution, and shaping into parallel light;
a compression assembly 303 comprising at least two compression units 3031 for compressing the size of the outgoing beam of the collimation assembly 302 and keeping the parallel state thereof;
and an aperture 304 for limiting the size of the exit beam of the compression assembly 303.
The beam shaping principle of the utility model is as follows: the light source 301 emits a light beam for measurement, which is scattered by the scattering unit 3021 to become a light beam with a uniform light intensity distribution, and then the light beam is collimated into parallel light by the collimating unit 3022, the diameter of the light beam is compressed after the parallel light passes through the compression assembly 303, the light beam still remains in a parallel state, and finally the light beam is limited in the exit diameter by the diaphragm 304 to obtain an exit light beam with a limited size, and the exit light beam is irradiated onto the reaction cuvette 305 as a final measurement light beam.
Specifically, the light source 301 is a halogen lamp, and a filament of the halogen lamp is spiral. The diameter is 0.6-1.2 mm, and the length is 3.0-4.5 mm;
the collimating assembly 302 includes a scattering unit 3021 and a collimating unit 3022 for collecting light emitted from the light source 301 and shaping the light beam into parallel light. The scattering unit 3021 scatters the incident light beam, so that the light beam passes through the scattering unit 3021 to generate a gaussian light intensity distribution. Preferably, the scattering unit 3021 is a scattering sheet made of ultraviolet fused silica, and the surface of the scattering sheet is frosted. The structure enables the scattering sheet to penetrate through ultraviolet band light, can generate scattering effect on incident light beams, enables the light beams to generate Gaussian light intensity distribution after passing through the scattering sheet, and has the main effect of eliminating the problem of uneven light intensity distribution caused by light emitting of the lamp filaments and homogenizing the light intensity distribution.
The collimating unit 3022 is configured to collect the homogenized light beam and collimate the light beam into parallel light; the collimating unit 3022 is an aspheric lens or a spherical lens, and the light beam enters from the side with the larger curvature radius. Preferably, the collimating unit 3022 uses an aspheric lens, which has a better collimating effect.
The compressing assembly 303 comprises at least two compressing units 3031, and two or more compressing units 3031 are coaxially arranged with each other and used for compressing the diameter of the light beam emitted by the collimating assembly 302. The compressing module 303 is substantially an inverted beam expander, and the beam expansion factor of the beam expander is represented by N ═ D/D (N >1), where D is the beam diameter before entering the compressing module 303 and D is the beam diameter after exiting the compressing module 303. In the scheme, the beam expander is used in an inverted mode, so that the diameter of the emergent beam is changed from wide to narrow, the diameter of the incident parallel beam is reduced from D to D, the parallel state is kept, and the effect of compressing the beam is achieved. Preferably, the compressing unit 3031 employs at least one convex lens.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the aperture 304 is used to select a portion of the light beam exiting the compression assembly 303 to limit the size of the light beam exiting the aperture 304. Specifically, the center of the diaphragm 304 has a light-passing hole 3041 for passing a light beam, and the light-passing hole 3041 is rectangular or circular. Accordingly, the area of the light-passing hole 3041 is a b or π/4m ^2, and the light-blocking area is around the light-passing hole 3041 of the diaphragm 304 for blocking light, and the light beam passing through the diaphragm 304 is irradiated onto the cuvette 305 for measurement.
The scheme is used for measuring the same biochemical detection project as the scheme shown in the figure 1, the comparison of reaction curves is shown in the figure 6, wherein cross symbols represent reaction curve data of the scheme, hollow circular symbols represent reaction curve data of the scheme shown in the figure 1, hollow diamond symbols represent reaction curve data of a full-automatic biochemical analyzer adopting a certain Hitachi model, and the graph can obviously show that the obtained result of the scheme is basically the same as the test structure of the certain Hitachi model.
As shown in fig. 2, assuming that the light power of the light source 201 (halogen lamp) incident on the lens 202 is P0, the transmittance of the lens 202 is T2, the diameter of the light beam collimated by the lens 202 is D, and the light transmission diameter of the stop 203 is m, the light power incident on the reaction cuvette 204 is:
P21=P0×T2×m/D(1)
as shown in fig. 3, assuming that the light power of the light source 301 (halogen lamp) incident on the scattering unit 3021 is also P0, the transmittance of the scattering unit 3021 is T1, the transmittance of the collimating unit 3022 is T2, the equivalent transmittance of the compressing unit 303 is T3, the beam diameter after passing through the collimating unit 302 is D, the beam diameter after passing through the compressing unit 303 is D, the compressing unit 303 includes three compressing units 3031, and the light transmission diameter of the diaphragm 304 is m, the light power incident on the reaction cuvette 305 is:
P31=P0×T1×T2×T3×m/d (2)
the following equations (1) and (2) show that:
P31/P21=D/d×T1×T3 (3)
the known compression module 303 is an inverted beam expander device, and the beam expansion factor is N ═ D/D (N >1), so equation (3) can be transformed into:
P31/P21=N×T1×T3(4)
in order to improve the light energy incident to the reaction vessel, P31/P21>1 is required, namely:
N>1/T1/T3(5)
in the compression element 303, if the transmittance thereof depends on the number of lenses used and the transmittance of each lens, and if it is composed of m lenses, and the transmittance of each lens is T, equation (5) is converted into:
N>1/T1/Tm(6)
since the scattering unit 3021 is made of ultraviolet fused silica, the transmittance T1 thereof can be greater than 0.9 in the ultraviolet to near-infrared wavelength band (300-900 nm); the lens transmittance in compression assembly 303 is typically greater than 0.9 (e.g., the lens is made of BK7 glass, which is more transparent when the lens is antireflection coated). Thus:
when the compressing assembly 303 is composed of two compressing units 3031 (two lenses), N >1/0.9/0.92, i.e., N >1.37,
when the compressing assembly 303 is composed of three compressing units 3031 (three lenses), N >1/0.9/0.93, i.e., N > 1.52.
From the above calculation, when N is greater than 1.37 (the compression assembly 303 is composed of two compression units 3031), or N is greater than 1.52 (the compression assembly 303 is composed of two compression units 3031), it is ensured that the energy of the measuring beam, which reaches the reaction cuvette 305, of the measuring light source 301 in the scheme is greater than that in the scheme of fig. 2.
For the compression assembly 303, which is essentially an inverted beam expander, beam expansion multiples of more than 2 times can be achieved. When the beam expansion multiple N is 5, the emergent light energy is about 3 times of the beam energy of the scheme in fig. 2. The light energy incident to the reaction vessel 305 can be further improved by properly selecting a larger beam expansion factor, but the maximum effective beam expansion ratio is limited by the aperture m of the light-passing hole 3041 of the diaphragm 304, i.e. N is less than or equal to D/m.
Through the calculation and analysis, the light source shaping system of the scheme is shown, and the light beam shaping mode can improve the energy of the measuring light beam while ensuring the parallelism of the light beam. The increase of the energy of the measuring beam can further reduce the requirement on a photoelectric detection signal processing circuit, and is beneficial to improving the signal to noise ratio of the measurement.
Referring to fig. 7, in this embodiment, a light beam emitted by a light source 401 is collimated by a collimating element 402, first scattered by a scattering sheet 4021 and then shaped by a collimating lens 4022, then sequentially passes through a compression element 403 composed of a first compression lens 4031, a second compression lens 4032 and a third compression lens 4033, reduces the diameter of the light beam to 1/5 of the incident light beam, and finally irradiates a reaction cuvette 405 through a diaphragm 404, wherein parameters of each component in this embodiment are as follows:
the light source 401 is a halogen lamp, the filament of the halogen lamp is 3.5mm in length and 0.8mm in diameter, and the distance from the scattering sheet 4021 is 8-11 mm;
diffuser 4021: the thickness of the light scattering sheet is 2mm, the transmittance of a wave band of 300-900nm is more than 0.9, and the distance between the scattering sheet 4021 and the collimating lens 4022 is 1-2 mm;
collimator lens 4022: it is an even-order aspherical lens whose formula is described by the following equation, the aspherical side curvature radius is 10.462mm, the conic coefficient k is-0.626, the 4 th order term a4 is 1.5e-5, the diameter is 25mm, the thickness is 12mm, and the rear surface is 5mm from the front surface of the first compression lens 4031;
first compression lens 4031: a front surface curvature radius of 90mm, a rear surface curvature radius of 256.8mm, a diameter of 25mm, a thickness of 5mm, and a rear surface thereof at a distance of 10mm from second compression lens 4032;
second compression lens 4032: a front surface curvature radius of 36.3mm, a rear surface curvature radius of 305.869mm, a diameter of 25mm, a thickness of 5mm, and a rear surface thereof at a distance of 37mm from third compression lens 4033;
third compression lens 4033: the lens is a biconcave lens, the radius of curvature of the front surface is-12 mm, the radius of curvature of the rear surface is 12mm, the thickness is 5mm, and the distance between the rear surface and the diaphragm 404 is 3-5 mm;
diaphragm 404: a circular light through hole is adopted, the diameter of the light through hole is 1.8mm, the thickness of the light through hole is 1-2 mm, and the distance between the light through hole and the front surface of the reaction vessel 405 is 3-5 mm;
in this embodiment, the compression assembly 403 composed of the first compression lens 4031, the second compression lens 4032 and the third compression lens 4033 can compress a light beam with a diameter of 10mm into a light beam with a diameter of 2mm, and then further limit the size of the emergent light beam by the aperture 404, and finally irradiate the light beam onto the reaction cuvette 405 for measurement.
The utility model also provides a spectrophotometer, comprising a light source module, a light splitting module and a photoelectric detection module, wherein:
the light source module is used for providing a light source for detection and comprises the spectrophotometer light source shaping system;
the light splitting module is used for splitting the light beam emitted by the light source module to form a light beam with a specific wavelength;
and the photoelectric detection module is used for acquiring the concentration of the sample.
The utility model also provides a sample analyzer, which comprises a sampling needle module, a reagent tray module, a reaction tray module and a detection module, wherein:
the sampling needle module is used for sucking a reagent or a sample and placing the reagent or the sample in the reaction cup;
the reagent disk module is used for storing reagents and keeping the temperature of the reagents in a constant temperature state;
the reaction disc module is used for incubating the object to be detected to meet the conditions required by the biochemical reaction;
and the detection module is used for detecting the object to be detected to obtain a detection result, and comprises the spectrophotometer light source shaping system.
In summary, in the spectrophotometer light source shaping system, the spectrophotometer and the sample analyzer provided in the embodiments of the present invention, the matching of the collimating component, the compressing component and the diaphragm is arranged in the light path, so that the energy of the measuring beam can be improved, and the parallelism of the measuring beam can be ensured.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.