CN218710791U - Wear-resistant metal component - Google Patents
Wear-resistant metal component Download PDFInfo
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- CN218710791U CN218710791U CN202222623193.9U CN202222623193U CN218710791U CN 218710791 U CN218710791 U CN 218710791U CN 202222623193 U CN202222623193 U CN 202222623193U CN 218710791 U CN218710791 U CN 218710791U
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- coating
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- thickness
- transition
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- QNHZQZQTTIYAQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium tungsten Chemical compound [Cr][W] QNHZQZQTTIYAQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 carbon ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a stand wear and tear metal part, include: a metal matrix, at least a portion of which is to be subjected to a frictional load; a substrate coating applied on a surface of the at least a portion of the metal matrix; a first transitional coating applied over the substrate coating that is harder than the substrate coating; a second transitional coating applied over the first transitional coating that is harder than the first transitional coating; and a diamond-like coating harder than the second transition coating applied on the second transition coating, wherein a sum of a thickness of the first transition coating and a thickness of the second transition coating ranges from 0.2 μm to 0.7 μm. The utility model provides a stand wear and tear metal part can be through coating in proper order and the gradual increase substrate coating of hardness, first transition layer, second transition layer and diamond-like carbon coating with reasonable thickness on metal matrix optimize diamond-like carbon coating and metal matrix's driving fit and bonding strength.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a stand wear and tear parts technical field, more particularly relate to a stand wear and tear metal part.
Background
Diamond-like Carbon (DLC) is known in the art as sp 3 And sp 2 The bond forms combine with the resulting metastable amorphous material. Diamond-like carbon is often coated onto the surface of a metal substrate that is required to withstand high frictional loads due to its excellent mechanical properties, such as its high compressive strength, high hardness and wear resistance, to form a metal part with a diamond-like coating to protect the metal part, as well as another part that frictionally engages with the metal part to generate the high frictional load, from wear.
However, the texture and mechanical properties of diamond-like coatings tend to differ significantly from those of the metal substrate they protect, e.g., the hardness of the diamond-like coating is higher and the hardness of the metal substrate is lower, and thus the combination of the diamond-like coating and the metal substrate tends to produce an "eggshell effect", and the softer metal substrate does not provide a strong support for the harder diamond-like coating. In other words, the diamond-like coating generates less deformation when being coated on the metal substrate, so that the diamond-like coating generates great internal stress due to the fact that the metal substrate and the diamond-like coating can not be cooperatively deformed, and the adhesion between the diamond coating and the metal substrate is poor, the bonding strength is poor, and the diamond-like coating is easy to peel off from the metal substrate.
Currently, it has been proposed that a transitional coating can be provided between the diamond-like coating and the metal substrate, the texture and mechanical properties of which are intermediate to those of both the diamond-like coating and the metal substrate, to improve the adhesion and bond strength of the diamond coating to the metal substrate by the transitional coating, but how to rationally provide the transitional coating remains a challenge.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
It is an object of the present invention to provide a wear resistant metal component that overcomes at least some of the above-mentioned disadvantages.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wear-resistant metal part, including: a metal matrix, at least a portion of which is to be subjected to a frictional load; a substrate coating applied on a surface of the at least a portion of the metal matrix; a first transitional coating having a higher hardness than the substrate coating applied over the substrate coating; a second transitional coating having a higher hardness than the first transitional coating applied over the first transitional coating; and a diamond-like coating having a higher hardness than the second transition coating applied on the second transition coating, wherein a sum of a thickness of the first transition coating and a thickness of the second transition coating ranges from 0.2 μm to 0.7 μm.
Optionally, the substrate coating has a thickness in a range of 0.1 μm to 0.7 μm.
Optionally, the diamond-like coating has a thickness in a range of 1 μm to 4 μm.
Optionally, the thickness of the substrate coating is less than or equal to the sum of the thickness of the first transitional coating and the thickness of the second transitional coating.
Optionally, the wear resistant metal component is configured as a component for use in a fuel injection system.
Optionally, the wear-resistant metal component is configured as at least one of a needle valve of a fuel injector, a piston of the fuel injector, and a high-pressure piston of a high-pressure pump for use in a fuel injection system.
Optionally, the wear resistant metal component has at least one of: the substrate coating is configured as a layer of chromium applied in a physical vapor deposition manner on the surface of the at least a portion of the metallic base; the first transition coating is configured as a chromium-tungsten carbide layer applied by physical vapor deposition on the substrate coating; and the second transition coating is configured as a tungsten carbide-carbon layer coated on the first transition coating by physical vapor deposition or a combination of physical vapor deposition and chemical vapor deposition.
Optionally, the diamond-like coating is configured to be applied on the second transitional coating by physical vapor deposition or chemical vapor deposition.
The utility model provides a stand wear and tear metal part can be through coating in proper order and the gradual basal coating of hardness gradual increase, first transition layer, second transition layer and diamond-like carbon coating with reasonable thickness on metal substrate, optimize diamond-like carbon coating and metal substrate's leakproofness and bonding strength to through the wear-resisting coating that comprises such basal coating, first transition layer, second transition layer and diamond-like carbon coating and have thin thickness, low coefficient of friction, high abrasion resistance, and high temperature resistance, make the utility model provides a stand wear and tear metal part is particularly suitable for as the part that uses in the fuel injection system, for example, the needle valve of the sprayer that uses in the fuel injection system or the piston of high-pressure pump etc..
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a wear-resistant metal component configured as a needle valve or piston of a fuel injector for use in a fuel injection system, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a wear-resistant coating of a wear-resistant metal part according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein the thickness of each of the wear-resistant coatings is not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Techniques and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be considered a part of the specification where appropriate.
The metal components mentioned herein may be used in various scenarios where the components need to withstand frictional loads, in particular high frictional loads. For example, a wear-resistant metal component according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a component used in a fuel injection system.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1, the metal member may be at least one of a needle valve 5 and a piston 4 of a fuel injector 1 used in a fuel injection system, wherein the fuel injector 1 includes a fuel injector body 2 and a nozzle 3, the piston 4 is disposed in the fuel injector body 2, and the needle valve 5 is disposed in the nozzle 3. In addition, the fuel injector 1 further includes a bush 6 and a spring 7, the bush 6 can guide the piston 4 and the needle 5, the spring 7 is disposed above the bush 6, the spring 7 provides spring pressure to the bush 6, an inner hole of the bush 6 has a step surface, at least a portion of the step surface abuts against the needle 5, thereby providing a certain pressure to the needle 5 to facilitate sealing of a front end sealing surface of the needle 5 with the inside of the nozzle 3. During compression and extension of the spring 7, the needle valve 5 and the piston 4 both move relative to the bush 6 and the injector body 2 and generate a friction load, so that at least a portion of the surface of the needle valve 5 that may come into contact with the bush 6 and the injector body 2 may have a wear-resistant coating as will be described in detail below. Likewise, at least a portion of the surface of the piston 4 that may contact the liner 6 and the injector body 2 may also have a wear resistant coating.
Alternatively, not shown, the metal part may also be a high-pressure piston of a high-pressure pump used in the fuel injection system for supplying fuel to a plurality of injectors via a fuel rail and a fuel distribution head, the high-pressure piston reciprocating relative to a chamber of the high-pressure pump and generating a frictional load during supply of fuel to the plurality of injectors by the high-pressure pump. Thus, at least a portion of the surface of the high pressure piston that may be in contact with the chamber may have a wear resistant coating.
Referring to fig. 2, an exemplary metal part 10 includes: a metal matrix 12, said metal matrix 12 defining the basic shape and the basic hardness of at least one of the metal component 10, for example as a needle valve 5 of a fuel injector 1, a piston 4 of a fuel injector 1, and a high-pressure piston of a high-pressure pump, and may be mainly made of steel or other metal material, at least a portion of said metal matrix 12 will be subjected to friction loads, in particular high friction loads, for example during operation, resulting from the friction fit of the metal component 10 with another component (not shown); and a wear-resistant coating 14 disposed on a surface of the at least a portion of the metallic base 12, the wear-resistant coating 14 including a base coating 16 coated on the surface of the at least a portion of the metallic base 12, a first transitional coating 18 coated on the base coating 16 having a higher hardness than the base coating 16, a second transitional coating 20 coated on the first transitional coating 18 having a higher hardness than the first transitional coating 18, and a diamond-like coating 22 coated on the second transitional coating 20 having a higher hardness than the second transitional coating 20.
To control the thickness of the wear-resistant coating 14 within a reasonable range while effectively improving and ensuring the adhesion and bond strength of the diamond-like coating 22 to the metal substrate 12, the sum of the thickness of the first transitional coating 18 and the thickness of the second transitional coating 20 can range from 0.2 μm to 0.7 μm, the thickness of the substrate coating 16 can range from 0.1 μm to 0.7 μm, and/or the thickness of the diamond-like coating 22 can range from 1 μm to 4 μm. For example, the sum of the thickness of the first transitional coating 18 and the thickness of the second transitional coating 20 can be 0.3 μm, 0.4 μm, 0.5 μm, or 0.6 μm. For example, the thickness of the base coating 16 may be 0.2 μm, 0.3 μm, 0.4 μm, 0.5 μm, or 0.6 μm. For example, the diamond-like coating 22 may have a thickness of 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, or 3.5 μm.
Optionally, the thickness of the substrate coating 16 is equal to or less than the sum of the thickness of the first transitional coating 18 and the thickness of the second transitional coating 20.
Alternatively, the thickness of the base coat 16 should be close to the sum of the thickness of the first transitional coat 18 and the thickness of the second transitional coat 20, e.g., the difference between the thickness of the base coat 16 and the sum of the thickness of the first transitional coat 18 and the thickness of the second transitional coat 20 is 0.1 μm or less, so that the base coat 16 and the transitional coat comprised of the first transitional coat 18 and the second transitional coat 20 are applied at substantially equal thicknesses for uniform distribution.
It will be appreciated that the application of the individual coatings of the wear resistant coating 14 may be carried out using various coating devices known in the art, either as a single material or as a mixture of materials known in the art.
Optionally, the substrate coating 16 is configured as a chromium (Cr) layer applied by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD), such as magnetron sputtering, on the surface of the at least a portion of the metal matrix 12 as an adhesion layer of the wear-resistant coating 14. For example, in a coating apparatus in which a chromium target and a metal substrate are placed, chromium sputtered from the chromium target is deposited on the surface of the at least a portion of the metal substrate that is held and continuously rotated by a heating step, an etching step, and a coating step, as can be seen in document KR 20010066094A. Alternatively, in a Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) device in which a chromium target and a metal substrate are placed, chromium sputtered from the chromium target may be deposited on the surface of the at least one portion of the cleaned metal substrate, as described in CN 114134501A. The thickness of the chromium layer should be controlled in the range of 0.1 μm to 0.7 μm, regardless of the manner of coating the chromium layer by any known means.
Optionally, first transition coating 18 is configured as a chromium-tungsten carbide (Cr-WC) layer coated on substrate coating 16 by physical vapor deposition, such as magnetron sputtering. For example, in a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition apparatus in which a chromium target, a tungsten carbide target and a metal substrate are placed, a chromium sputtered from the chromium target and a tungsten carbide sputtered from the tungsten carbide target are deposited on a chromium layer in a common gradient change manner, in which a gradient change of contents of chromium and tungsten carbide in the chromium-tungsten carbide layer is realized by controlling power of the chromium target and power of the tungsten carbide target, respectively, so that the content of chromium gradually decreases to zero and the content of tungsten carbide gradually increases to 100%, so that a hardness gradient of the chromium-tungsten carbide layer increases, thereby buffering stress between the coatings, as referred to in document CN 114134501A. Another example of such a chromium-tungsten carbide layer can also be seen at the chromium/tungsten carbide interface in the article "multi-environmental tribological properties of Cr/WC/DLC films" published by the author wangalvan et al in china journal of surface engineering, volume 28, p 3, p 49-55, 2015 6.
Optionally, the second transition coating 20 is configured as a tungsten carbide-carbon (WC-C) layer coated on the first transition coating 18 in a physical vapor deposition (e.g., magnetron sputtering), or a combination of physical vapor deposition and Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). For example, in an Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering (UBMS) device with a tungsten carbide target and a graphite target placed thereon, a tungsten carbide-carbon layer is deposited on a chromium-tungsten carbide layer by controlling the power of the tungsten carbide target and the power of the graphite target, respectively, so that the composition ratio of tungsten carbide and carbon in the tungsten carbide-carbon layer is inclined, in other words, the content of tungsten carbide and the content of carbon in the tungsten carbide-carbon layer are respectively changed in a gradient manner, so that the content of tungsten carbide is gradually reduced to zero and the content of carbon is gradually increased to 100%, so that the hardness gradient of the tungsten carbide-carbon layer continues to increase. Alternatively, in a coating apparatus in which a tungsten carbide target and an acetylene gas are placed, a tungsten carbide-carbon layer is deposited on a chromium-tungsten carbide layer by controlling the tungsten carbide target power and the amount of the acetylene gas fed, respectively, in which the acetylene gas is ionized to generate carbon ions, as described in document KR 20010066094A.
Regardless of the manner in which the chromium-tungsten carbide layer and the tungsten carbide-carbon layer are coated, the sum of the thickness of the chromium-tungsten carbide layer and the thickness of the tungsten carbide-carbon layer should be controlled to be in the range of 0.2 μm to 0.7 μm, and the hardness of the tungsten carbide-carbon layer is greater than that of the chromium-tungsten carbide layer, which is greater than that of the chromium layer.
Optionally, a diamond-like coating 22 is configured to be applied on the second transition coating 20 by physical vapor deposition or chemical vapor deposition, wherein the diamond-like coating 22 has a hardness greater than the tungsten carbide-carbon layer.
Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of illustration, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above illustration is only for purposes of illustration and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A wear-resistant metal component, comprising:
a metal matrix (12), at least a portion of the metal matrix (12) to be subjected to a frictional load;
a substrate coating (16) applied over a surface of the at least a portion of the metallic base;
a first transitional coating (18) having a higher hardness than the substrate coating (16) applied over the substrate coating (16);
a second transitional coating (20) having a higher hardness than the first transitional coating (18) applied over the first transitional coating (18); and
a diamond-like coating (22) having a higher hardness than the second transitional coating (20) applied over the second transitional coating (20),
wherein the sum of the thickness of the first transition coating (18) and the thickness of the second transition coating (20) ranges from 0.2 μm to 0.7 μm.
2. The wear resistant metal component according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the substrate coating (16) ranges from 0.1 μm to 0.7 μm.
3. The wear resistant metal component according to claim 2, characterized in that the diamond like coating (22) has a thickness in the range of 1 to 4 μm.
4. The wear-resistant metal component according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the thickness of the substrate coating (16) is equal to or less than the sum of the thickness of the first transitional coating (18) and the thickness of the second transitional coating (20).
5. The wear-resistant metal component according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the wear-resistant metal component (10) is configured as a component for use in a fuel injection system.
6. The wear-resistant metal part according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the wear-resistant metal part (10) is configured as at least one of a needle valve (5) of a fuel injector (1) used in a fuel injection system, a piston (4) of a fuel injector (1), and a high-pressure piston of a high-pressure pump.
7. The wear resistant metal component according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by at least one of the following:
the substrate coating (16) is configured as a chromium layer applied in a physical vapor deposition manner on a surface of the at least a portion of the metallic base;
the first transition coating (18) is configured as a chromium-tungsten carbide layer applied by physical vapor deposition on the substrate coating (16); and
the second transition coating (20) is configured as a tungsten carbide-carbon layer applied over the first transition coating (18) by physical vapor deposition, or a combination of physical vapor deposition and chemical vapor deposition.
8. A wear-resistant metallic component according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the diamond-like coating (22) is configured to be applied on the second transition coating (20) by means of physical or chemical vapor deposition.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222623193.9U CN218710791U (en) | 2022-09-30 | 2022-09-30 | Wear-resistant metal component |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222623193.9U CN218710791U (en) | 2022-09-30 | 2022-09-30 | Wear-resistant metal component |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN218710791U true CN218710791U (en) | 2023-03-24 |
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| CN202222623193.9U Active CN218710791U (en) | 2022-09-30 | 2022-09-30 | Wear-resistant metal component |
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