CN219544885U - Rear wheel steering device, automobile rear suspension and automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automobile steering mechanism, and provides a rear wheel steering device, which comprises a hydraulic cylinder (1), a pull rod assembly (3) and a steering knuckle (4), wherein a hydraulic damping structure for forming sliding damping on a piston rod (2) of the hydraulic cylinder (1) is arranged in a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder (1), the hydraulic cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to a subframe (5), one end of the pull rod assembly (3) is hinged with one end of a rod body of the piston rod (2), the other end of the pull rod assembly (3) is hinged with the steering knuckle (4), and the steering knuckle (4) is fixedly connected with a rear wheel (6). The utility model also provides an automobile rear suspension and an automobile. The rear wheel steering device can enable the rear wheel to have certain passive steering capability, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and basically no limitation of performance attenuation.

Description

Rear wheel steering device, automobile rear suspension and automobile

Technical Field

The present utility model relates to a steering mechanism for an automobile, and more particularly, to a rear wheel steering apparatus. In addition, the utility model also relates to a rear suspension of the automobile and the automobile.

Background

During the driving process of the automobile, the driving direction of the automobile needs to be changed according to the intention of a driver, namely, the steering of the automobile.

For the existing automobile, the steering of the automobile is the front wheel steering, the front wheel steering leads the automobile to tend to be understeer, the running stability of the automobile is facilitated, and the front wheel steering is convenient to be connected with a steering wheel to form a steering system. However, when the front wheels are turned, the stability of the running of the vehicle can be ensured by the slight understeer characteristic, but the oversteer can be generated when the vehicle turns at a high speed, and the running danger caused by the oversteer can be compensated by the turning of the rear wheels.

Most of the rear wheels of the existing automobiles have no steering function, the rear wheel steering device is generally required to be configured to realize the rear wheel steering function, but the cost of the rear wheel steering device is higher, more arrangement space is required for arranging the rear wheel steering device, and certain requirements are also met for the suspensions of the multi-link structure, so that the application limit of the automobile type is more; another way to achieve rear wheel steering at low cost is to connect two rear wheels through an elastic member (typically rubber), and use elasticity to achieve the following steering of the rear wheels, but this method is limited by the elastic damping and material properties of the elastic member.

Accordingly, in view of the above-described problems, the present utility model provides a novel rear-wheel steering apparatus.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the first aspect of the present utility model is to provide a rear wheel steering device, which can make the rear wheel have a certain passive steering capability, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and no limitation of performance attenuation basically.

The technical problem to be solved by the second aspect of the utility model is to provide an automobile rear suspension, which has lower cost and a certain passive steering capability.

The technical problem to be solved by the third aspect of the utility model is to provide an automobile, wherein the rear wheel of the automobile can passively rotate, the automobile is stable in running, and the cost for realizing rear wheel steering is low.

In order to solve the technical problems, a first aspect of the utility model provides a rear wheel steering device, which comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a pull rod assembly and a steering knuckle, wherein a hydraulic damping structure for forming sliding damping for a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged in a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod is damped when sliding in the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a subframe, one end of the pull rod assembly is hinged with one end of a rod body of the piston rod, the other end of the pull rod assembly is hinged with the steering knuckle, and the steering knuckle is fixedly connected with a rear wheel.

Optionally, the cylinder body of pneumatic cylinder includes work cylinder and oil storage cylinder, the piston of piston rod can set up with sliding in the work cylinder, thereby with the work cylinder divide into there is pole chamber and rodless chamber, the oil storage cylinder pass through compression valve and compensation valve with rodless chamber liquid way is connected, be equipped with on the piston and stretch valve and circulation valve, there is the pole chamber through stretch valve with the circulation valve with rodless chamber liquid way is connected, compression valve the compensation valve stretch valve with the circulation valve is hydraulic damping structure.

Preferably, the pull rod assembly comprises an inner pull rod and an outer pull rod, one end of the inner pull rod is hinged with one end of a rod body of the piston rod, the other end of the inner pull rod is connected with one end of the outer pull rod in an adjustable mode, so that the length of the pull rod assembly can be adjusted, and the other end of the outer pull rod is hinged with the steering knuckle.

Optionally, the inner pull rod is connected with the outer pull rod through an adjusting nut.

Specifically, an inner ball head is arranged at the connecting end of the inner pull rod and the rod body of the piston rod, a ball head seat corresponding to the inner ball head is arranged on the rod body of the piston rod, an outer ball head is arranged at the connecting end of the outer pull rod and the steering knuckle, and a ball groove corresponding to the outer ball head is arranged on the steering knuckle.

Preferably, the inner ball head and the inner pull rod are integrally formed, and the outer ball head and the outer pull rod are integrally formed.

Optionally, a fixing block is formed on the outer shell of the hydraulic cylinder, and the fixing block is connected with the auxiliary frame through bolts.

A second aspect of the present utility model provides a rear suspension for a vehicle, comprising a rear-wheel steering apparatus according to any one of the above-described aspects.

Optionally, the rear wheel steering device is disposed above and in front of the rear wheel.

A third aspect of the present utility model provides an automobile, comprising an automobile rear suspension according to any one of the above technical solutions.

Through the scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

according to the rear wheel steering device, the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the auxiliary frame, the piston rod is connected with the steering knuckle on the rear wheel through the pull rod assembly, and when the automobile steers, the rear wheel of the automobile receives side force in the same direction as the steering direction, so that the piston rod is compressed or stretched, the rear wheel has a certain steering angle, the steering of the rear wheel is realized, the structure is simple, the cost is low, the damping exists when the piston rod slides in the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, the steering stability and the steering safety of the rear wheel are ensured, the damping is generated when hydraulic oil flows in the hydraulic cylinder, the problem that the rear wheel steering device in the prior art is limited by the performance of an elastic piece (aging and elastic attenuation) is avoided, and the rear wheel steering device is stable and reliable in structure and durable.

Additional features and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the utility model and together with the description serve to explain, without limitation, the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rear wheel steering apparatus according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram II of a rear-wheel steering apparatus according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a particular embodiment of a hydraulic cylinder;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the rear wheel steering apparatus of the present utility model.

Description of the reference numerals

1 hydraulic cylinder 11 working cylinder barrel

111 first working chamber 112 second working chamber

12 oil storage cylinder 13 compression valve

14 compensation valve 15 extension valve

16 flow valve 17 fixed block

18 oil seal 19 dust cover

2 piston rod 21 piston

3 draw bar assembly 31 inner draw bar

32 outer pull rod 33 adjusting nut

4 knuckle 5 sub vehicle frame

6 rear wheels 61 left rear wheel

62 right rear wheel 7 rear axle

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration and explanation only, and the scope of the utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "forming," "providing," "arranging," "connecting," etc. are to be construed broadly, and for example, the connection may be a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediary, a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; either directly or indirectly via intermediate connectors, or by communication between or interaction between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the azimuth words "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. is based on the vehicle running coordinate system, that is, the normal running direction of the vehicle is the front, and the left hand side is the left hand side when facing the running direction.

The utility model provides a rear wheel steering device, referring to fig. 1-2, as a concrete embodiment of the rear wheel steering device, the rear wheel steering device comprises a hydraulic cylinder 1, a pull rod assembly 3 and a steering knuckle 4, wherein a hydraulic damping structure for forming sliding damping on a piston rod 2 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is arranged in a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to a subframe 5, one end of the pull rod assembly 3 is hinged with one end of a rod body of the piston rod 2, the other end of the pull rod assembly 3 is hinged with the steering knuckle 4, and the steering knuckle 4 is fixedly connected with a rear wheel 6. When the automobile normally runs, the rear wheel 6 has a tendency to rotate in the same direction as the steering direction, so the rear wheel 6 deforms in the same direction as the steering direction to eliminate the tendency, the rear wheel 6 receives a lateral force in the same direction as the steering direction, the rear wheel 6 is provided with the knuckle 4, the knuckle 4 is hinged with the piston rod 2 through the pull rod assembly 3, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixed on the auxiliary frame 5, the lateral force received by the rear wheel 6 can compress or stretch the piston rod 2, the rear wheel 6 can steer, a certain steering angle is provided, and the deformation tendency of the rear wheel 6 is converted into real movement. And when the piston rod 2 slides in the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the hydraulic damping structure can generate sliding damping to the piston rod, so that the stability and the safety of rear wheel steering can be ensured, and the hydraulic damping structure is generated based on the fact that hydraulic oil flows in the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 1, so that the problem that the rear wheel steering device in the prior art is limited by the performance of an elastic piece (aging and elastic damping) is avoided, and the rear wheel steering device is stable, reliable and durable.

As a specific embodiment of the rear wheel steering apparatus of the present utility model, referring to fig. 3, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 1 includes a working cylinder 11 and an oil reservoir cylinder 12, a piston 21 of the piston rod 2 is slidably disposed in the working cylinder 11 so as to divide the working cylinder 11 into a rod chamber 111 and a rodless chamber 112, the oil reservoir cylinder 12 is hydraulically connected to the rodless chamber 112 through a compression valve 13 and a compensation valve 14, an extension valve 15 and a circulation valve 16 are provided on the piston 21, the rod chamber 111 is hydraulically connected to the rodless chamber 112 through the extension valve 15 and the circulation valve 16, and the compression valve 13, the compensation valve 14, the extension valve 15 and the circulation valve 16 are hydraulically damped. The compression valve 13 and the extension valve 15 are unloading valves, the springs of the compression valve 13 and the extension valve 15 are harder, the pretightening force is larger, the valves can be opened only when the oil pressure is increased to a certain degree, the valves are closed by themselves when the oil pressure is reduced to a certain degree, the opening and flowing direction of the valve body of the compression valve 13 is from the rodless cavity 112 to the oil storage cylinder 12, and the opening and flowing direction of the valve body of the extension valve 15 is from the rod cavity 111 to the rodless cavity 112; the compensating valve 14 and the flow valve 16 are common check valves, the springs of which are soft, and only small oil pressure is needed to open the valves, the valve body of the compensating valve 14 is opened and circulated in a direction from the oil storage cylinder 12 to the rodless cavity 112, and the valve body of the flow valve 16 is opened and circulated in a direction from the rodless cavity 112 to the rod cavity 111. In a normal running state of the vehicle, when the vehicle does not need to turn, the piston 21 is in an initial state, namely, the piston 21 is in the middle position of the working cylinder 11, when the vehicle turns, the piston rod 2 is compressed or stretched by the lateral force received by the rear wheel 6, so that the rear wheel 6 has a turning angle, when the piston rod 2 is compressed, the piston 21 compresses the rodless cavity 112, the volume of the rodless cavity 112 is reduced, the oil pressure is increased, the circulation valve 16 is opened, the oil flows to the rod cavity 111, the volume increased by the rod cavity 111 is smaller than the volume reduced by the rodless cavity 112 in the compression process of the piston 21, so that the oil pressure in the rodless cavity 112 is continuously increased, the compression valve 13 is pushed open, and part of the oil flows from the rodless cavity 112 to the oil storage cylinder 12, and the throttling action of the circulation valve 16 and the compression valve 13 plays a damping role on the sliding of the piston 21, so that the piston rod 2 can receive compression resistance in the compression process; when the piston rod 2 is stretched, the piston 21 compresses the rod cavity 111, the volume of the rod cavity 111 is reduced, the oil pressure is increased, so that the stretching valve 15 is pushed open, oil flows from the rod cavity 111 to the rodless cavity 112, a certain vacuum degree is generated in the rodless cavity 112 due to the fact that the reduced volume of the rod cavity 111 is smaller than the increased volume of the rodless cavity 112, at the moment, the oil in the oil storage cylinder 12 pushes the compensating valve 14 to flow to the rodless cavity 112 for supplementing, and the throttling effect of the compensating valve 14 and the stretching valve 15 plays a damping role on the sliding of the piston 21, so that the piston rod 2 can be subjected to stretching resistance in the stretching process. The throttle effect of the valve acts as a damping effect during compression or extension of the piston rod 2, so that the rear wheel 6 can be steered passively in a stable manner. It should be noted that the cylinder structure of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is only a specific embodiment, and not a limitation of the present utility model, and the limitation of the damping effect during the compression or the extension of the piston rod 2 by hydraulic pressure is various, and it is within the scope of the present utility model to provide a hydraulic damping structure for sliding damping to the piston rod 2, for example, a damping hole in the hydraulic cylinder 1, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

It should be noted that, the steering angle of the rear wheel 6 needs to be controlled within a small range, so that the steering angle of the rear wheel 6 is prevented from being too large, and the stability and safety of the steering of the rear wheel 6 are affected, so that the compression and stretching stroke of the hydraulic rod 2 is set relatively short to limit the steering angle of the rear wheel 6.

As a preferred embodiment of the rear wheel steering apparatus of the present utility model, referring to fig. 2, the tie rod assembly 3 is composed of an inner tie rod 31 and an outer tie rod 32, one end of the inner tie rod 31 is hinged to one end of the rod body of the piston rod 2, the other end of the inner tie rod 31 is adjustably connected to one end of the outer tie rod 32 to enable adjustment of the length of the tie rod assembly 3, and the other end of the outer tie rod 32 is hinged to the knuckle 4. The pull rod assembly 3 is provided with a pull rod length adjusting function so as to be capable of adjusting in a matching manner when adjusting four-wheel positioning parameters.

The inner tie rod 31 is preferably connected to the outer tie rod 32 by an adjustment nut 33 to effect length adjustment of the tie rod assembly 3.

Preferably, an inner ball head is arranged at the connecting end of the inner pull rod 31 and the rod body of the piston rod 2, a ball head seat corresponding to the inner ball head is arranged at the rod body of the piston rod 2, an outer ball head is arranged at the connecting end of the outer pull rod 32 and the steering knuckle 4, and a ball groove corresponding to the outer ball head is arranged on the steering knuckle 4. When the rear wheel 6 receives lateral force, the lateral force is transmitted to the piston rod 2 through the pull rod assembly 3, so that the piston rod 2 is compressed or stretched, and in the process, the inner ball head rotates relatively in the ball head seat, and the outer ball head rotates relatively in the spherical groove, so that the rotational freedom degree of steering of the rear wheel 6 is provided.

Preferably, in order to ensure mechanical strength, the inner ball and the inner tie rod 31 are integrally formed, and the outer ball and the outer tie rod 32 are integrally formed.

1-2, the shell body of pneumatic cylinder 1 forms fixed block 17, and fixed block 17 and sub-frame 5 bolted connection, pneumatic cylinder 1 installs more stably on sub-frame 5, and bolted connection is detachable connection, makes things convenient for follow-up maintenance dismouting, improves the maintenance convenience.

In order to better understand the technical solution of the rear-wheel steering device according to the utility model, the following description is given in connection with the relatively preferred technical features.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the rear wheel steering device of the present utility model comprises a hydraulic cylinder 1, a tie rod assembly 3 and a knuckle 4, wherein the hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to a subframe 5, one end of the tie rod assembly 3 is hinged to one end of a rod body of a piston rod 2 of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the other end of the tie rod assembly 3 is hinged to the knuckle 4, the knuckle 4 is fixedly connected with a rear wheel 6, so that when a vehicle steers, lateral force applied to the rear wheel 6 is transmitted to the piston rod 2 through the tie rod assembly 3, the piston rod 2 slides in a working cylinder 11 of the hydraulic cylinder 1, so that the rear wheel 6 has a certain passive steering capability, a hydraulic damping structure for forming sliding damping on the piston rod 2 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is arranged in a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the hydraulic damping structure is a compression valve 13, a compensation valve 14, a stretching valve 15 and a circulation valve 6 in the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 1, and when the piston 21 of the piston rod 2 slides in the working cylinder 11, the piston 21 is formed by a sliding damping effect of the valve, so that steering stability of the rear wheel 6 is ensured, in addition, the tie rod assembly 3 is formed by an inner and outer tie rod assembly 32 and an adjustable nut 33 through an adjustable nut 33, so that the length of the adjustable nut assembly is formed by adjusting the length of the tie rod 3. The rear wheel steering device of the utility model has the following application principle:

as an example of steering left of an automobile, referring to fig. 4, when the rear wheel device of the present utility model is mounted on an automobile, the rear wheel steering devices of the present utility model are connected to the rear left wheel 61 and the rear right wheel 62, respectively, and the rear wheel steering devices of the present utility model are symmetrically disposed with respect to the rear left wheel 61 and the rear right wheel 62, and the rear wheel steering devices are disposed in front of and above the rear left wheel 61 and the rear right wheel 62, the broken line is a straight-running wheel in the drawing, the solid line is a wheel of the steering turntable, when the automobile turns left, the rear left wheel 61 and the rear right wheel 62 are both subjected to a leftward lateral force, and the rod assembly 3 of the rear wheel steering device of the rear left wheel 61 stretches the rod 2, so that the rear left wheel 61 can turn left with respect to the rear axle 7, and the rod assembly 3 of the rear wheel steering device of the rear right wheel 62 compresses the rod 2, so that the rear right wheel 62 can turn left at will with a certain angle when the automobile turns left. The principle of steering right of a car is the same as steering left, and is not described here too.

The rear wheel steering device provided by the utility model has the advantages that the rear wheel is provided with a certain steering angle, the steering of the rear wheel is realized, the structure is simple, the cost is lower, the damping exists when the piston rod slides in the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, the steering stability and the steering safety of the rear wheel are ensured, the damping is generated when hydraulic oil flows in the hydraulic cylinder, the problem that the rear wheel steering device in the prior art is limited by the performance of an elastic piece (aging and elastic attenuation) is avoided, and the rear wheel steering device is stable and reliable in structure and durable in use.

A second aspect of the present utility model provides a rear suspension for an automobile comprising the rear wheel steering apparatus of the first aspect of the present utility model, such that the rear wheels can be passively steered at the cost of intersection without the limitation of performance attenuation. Preferably, the rear wheel steering device is disposed in front of and above the rear wheels to enable the rear wheels to be rotated in the same direction as the steering direction of the vehicle when the vehicle is steered, so as to increase the stability of the vehicle.

In a third aspect the present utility model provides a vehicle comprising a rear suspension according to the second aspect of the utility model, having all of its benefits not described herein.

The preferred embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present utility model is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present utility model within the scope of the technical concept of the present utility model, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.

In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. The various possible combinations of the utility model are not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

Moreover, any combination of the various embodiments of the utility model can be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model, which should also be considered as disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a rear wheel steering device, its characterized in that includes pneumatic cylinder (1), pull rod assembly (3) and knuckle (4), be equipped with in the cylinder body of pneumatic cylinder (1) and be used for forming sliding damping's hydraulic damping structure to piston rod (2) of this pneumatic cylinder (1), pneumatic cylinder (1) fixed connection is on sub-frame (5), one end of pull rod assembly (3) with the body of rod one end of piston rod (2) articulates, the other end of pull rod assembly (3) with knuckle (4) articulates, knuckle (4) and rear wheel (6) fixed connection.

2. Rear wheel steering device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder (1) comprises a working cylinder (11) and an oil storage cylinder (12), the piston (21) of the piston rod (2) is slidably arranged in the working cylinder (11) so as to divide the working cylinder (11) into a rod chamber (111) and a rodless chamber (112), the oil storage cylinder (12) is in fluid connection with the rodless chamber (112) through a compression valve (13) and a compensation valve (14), the piston (21) is provided with a stretching valve (15) and a circulation valve (16), the rod chamber (111) is in fluid connection with the rodless chamber (112) through the stretching valve (15) and the circulation valve (16), and the compression valve (13), the compensation valve (14), the stretching valve (15) and the circulation valve (16) are in the hydraulic damping structure.

3. The rear wheel steering device according to claim 1, wherein the tie rod assembly (3) includes an inner tie rod (31) and an outer tie rod (32), one end of the inner tie rod (31) is hinged to one end of the rod body of the piston rod (2), the other end of the inner tie rod (31) is adjustably connected to one end of the outer tie rod (32) to enable adjustment of the length of the tie rod assembly (3), and the other end of the outer tie rod (32) is hinged to the knuckle (4).

4. A rear wheel steering device according to claim 3, characterized in that the inner tie rod (31) is connected to the outer tie rod (32) by means of an adjusting nut (33).

5. A rear wheel steering apparatus according to claim 3, wherein an inner ball is provided at a connecting end of the inner tie rod (31) and the rod body of the piston rod (2), a ball seat corresponding to the inner ball is provided at the rod body of the piston rod (2), an outer ball is provided at a connecting end of the outer tie rod (32) and the knuckle (4), and a ball groove corresponding to the outer ball is provided at the knuckle (4).

6. The rear wheel steering apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the inner ball head and the inner tie rod (31) are integrally formed, and the outer ball head and the outer tie rod (32) are integrally formed.

7. The rear wheel steering device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the outer housing of the hydraulic cylinder (1) is formed with a fixed block (17), the fixed block (17) being bolted to the subframe (5).

8. A rear suspension for a motor vehicle, comprising the rear wheel steering apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The rear suspension of claim 8, wherein the rear wheel steering device is disposed forward and upward of the rear wheel.

10. An automobile comprising the automobile rear suspension according to any one of claims 8 to 9.